DW Weekly #148 – 23 February 2024

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Dear readers,

The US Department of Justice made a notable move by appointing its first Chief AI Officer. Japan also entered the global AI regulatory scene with a comprehensive legislative push in 2024.

OpenAI introduced Sora, a new tool for AI text-to-video generation, offering a glimpse into the future of multimedia creation.

Neuralink’s debut human brain chip implant displayed promising results, and South Korea laid out plans to take the lead in quantum technology initiatives.

The EU enforced the Digital Services Act (DSA) to bolster online safety and initiated an investigation into TikTok. A collaborative effort among tech giants aims to combat misleading AI content during global elections.

The EU Commission proposed a substantial €500 million fine for Apple’s competition law breaches, and a draft of the Protocol to the AfCFTA on Digital Trade was circulated. 

International law enforcement successfully disrupted LockBit ransomware operations. Additionally, the European Commission revealed new initiatives for digital infrastructures.

Let’s get started, 

Andrijana and the Digital Watch team


Highlights from the week of 16-23 February 2024

law and justice in united states of america
The US Department of Justice appoints first chief AI officer
The U.S. Justice Department has appointed Professor Jonathan Mayer from Princeton University as their first Chief Science and Technology Adviser and Chief AI Officer. Mayer will provide guidance on integrating… Read more.
law and justice in united states of america
The US Department of Justice appoints first chief AI officer
The U.S. Justice Department has appointed Professor Jonathan Mayer from Princeton University as their first Chief Science and Technology Adviser and Chief AI Officer. Mayer will provide guidance on integrating… Read more.
flag of japan
Japan joins global AI regulation race with comprehensive 2024 legislative push
The push for AI legislation is part of a broader effort by Japan to address the challenges and opportunities presented by emerging technologies. Read more.
flag of japan
Japan joins global AI regulation race with comprehensive 2024 legislative push
The push for AI legislation is part of a broader effort by Japan to address the challenges and opportunities presented by emerging technologies. Read more.
OpenAi and Microsoft
OpenAI introduces Sora for AI text-to-video generation
Sora represents a significant advancement in AI’s capacity to produce audiovisual material from text, with potential applications across multiple sectors, including entertainment, education, and simulation. Read more.
OpenAi and Microsoft
OpenAI introduces Sora for AI text-to-video generation
Sora represents a significant advancement in AI’s capacity to produce audiovisual material from text, with potential applications across multiple sectors, including entertainment, education, and simulation. Read more.

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Neuralink’s first human implant shows promising results
Neuralink, a startup founded by Elon Musk, has successfully implanted a brain chip in a human patient who has fully recovered, Musk revealed. The patient can now control a computer mouse using their thoughts. Read more.
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Neuralink’s first human implant shows promising results
Neuralink, a startup founded by Elon Musk, has successfully implanted a brain chip in a human patient who has fully recovered, Musk revealed. The patient can now control a computer mouse using their thoughts. Read more.
quantum computer futuristic digital computer design 1
South Korea unveils its plans to establish tech supremacy in quantum technology
As part of its New Growth 4.0 strategy, the South Korean government, in an emergency ministerial meeting recently, announced its aim to generate cloud services powered by quantum technology in the country. Read more.
quantum computer futuristic digital computer design 1
South Korea unveils its plans to establish tech supremacy in quantum technology
As part of its New Growth 4.0 strategy, the South Korean government, in an emergency ministerial meeting recently, announced its aim to generate cloud services powered by quantum technology in the country. Read more.

eu flags in front of european commission
EU enacts Digital Services Act strengthening online safety and governance
The Digital Services Act has come into effect in the EU, applying to all online intermediaries serving users since 17 February. The DSA aims to ensure online safety for users and covers various platforms such as social media, e-commerce, search engines, hosting providers, and app stores. Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission
EU enacts Digital Services Act strengthening online safety and governance
The Digital Services Act has come into effect in the EU, applying to all online intermediaries serving users since 17 February. The DSA aims to ensure online safety for users and covers various platforms such as social media, e-commerce, search engines, hosting providers, and app stores. Read more.
tiktok icon coming out screen mobile phone 3d illustration
EU launches investigation into TikTok under DSA
TikTok’s parent company, ByteDance, may face fines of up to 6% of its global revenue if TikTok is found to be in violation of DSA regulations. Read more.
tiktok icon coming out screen mobile phone 3d illustration
EU launches investigation into TikTok under DSA
TikTok’s parent company, ByteDance, may face fines of up to 6% of its global revenue if TikTok is found to be in violation of DSA regulations. Read more.
politician during election campaign
Tech giants unite to fight misleading AI content in global elections
A group of 20 tech companies agreed to cooperate to avoid misleading AI content interfering with elections worldwide as the growth of generative AI has raised concerns about its potential misuse in elections this year. Read more.
politician during election campaign
Tech giants unite to fight misleading AI content in global elections
A group of 20 tech companies agreed to cooperate to avoid misleading AI content interfering with elections worldwide as the growth of generative AI has raised concerns about its potential misuse in elections this year. Read more.

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EU Commission plans to fine Apple €500 million for breaches of the competition law
The investigation findings are expected to accuse Apple of abusing its market power and imposing unfair trading conditions Read more.
waygsck20h8
EU Commission plans to fine Apple €500 million for breaches of the competition law
The investigation findings are expected to accuse Apple of abusing its market power and imposing unfair trading conditions Read more.
AfCFTA
Draft of digital trade protocol to AfCFTA circulated
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Secretariat has unveiled the draft of the Protocol on Digital Trade. The Protocol aims to establish rules and standards for digital trade in Africa. Read more.
AfCFTA
Draft of digital trade protocol to AfCFTA circulated
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Secretariat has unveiled the draft of the Protocol on Digital Trade. The Protocol aims to establish rules and standards for digital trade in Africa. Read more.

Operation Cronos Lockbit
International law enforcement disrupts LockBit ransomware operations
The authorities seized control of LockBit’s dark web infrastructure. Read more.
Operation Cronos Lockbit
International law enforcement disrupts LockBit ransomware operations
The authorities seized control of LockBit’s dark web infrastructure. Read more.

eu flags in front of european commission 1
European Commission unveils new initiatives for digital infrastructures
The European Commission’s new digital connectivity package aims to enhance innovation, security, and resilience in Europe’s digital infrastructures. With a focus on advanced network infrastructures, the package sets sets the stage for economic competitiveness and the deployment of cutting-edge technologies. Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission 1
European Commission unveils new initiatives for digital infrastructures
The European Commission’s new digital connectivity package aims to enhance innovation, security, and resilience in Europe’s digital infrastructures. With a focus on advanced network infrastructures, the package sets sets the stage for economic competitiveness and the deployment of cutting-edge technologies. Read more.


#ReadingCorner
13th WTO Conference blog
13th WTO Ministerial Conference: What is at stake for digital trade? 
What will be the impact of the 13th WTO Ministerial conference on digital trade? Diplo’s Marilia Maciel discussed the Work Programme on e-commerce, the odds for the Moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions, and the status of the Joint Initiative on e-commerce.
13th WTO Conference blog
13th WTO Ministerial Conference: What is at stake for digital trade? 
What will be the impact of the 13th WTO Ministerial conference on digital trade? Diplo’s Marilia Maciel discussed the Work Programme on e-commerce, the odds for the Moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions, and the status of the Joint Initiative on e-commerce.
Security of digital products blog
Rules for the security of digital products: Who should write them?
When discussing cybersecurity rules for digital products, do we refer to new laws, industry practices, or standards? Ensuring consistency across markets and jurisdictions poses challenges. Is expecting such uniformity realistic amid today’s geopolitical competition?Diplo’s Anastasiya Kazakova and Ensign InfoSecurity’s Xiang Zheng Teo discuss.
Security of digital products blog
Rules for the security of digital products: Who should write them?
When discussing cybersecurity rules for digital products, do we refer to new laws, industry practices, or standards? Ensuring consistency across markets and jurisdictions poses challenges. Is expecting such uniformity realistic amid today’s geopolitical competition?Diplo’s Anastasiya Kazakova and Ensign InfoSecurity’s Xiang Zheng Teo discuss.

DW Weekly #147 – 16 February 2024

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Dear readers,

The UN negotiations to establish a cybercrime treaty faced challenges, with no consensus reached during the Ad Hoc Committee’s concluding session. Microsoft and OpenAI revealed the nefarious use of AI tools by threat actors, underscoring the urgent need for robust cybersecurity. The 2024 Munich Security Report ranked cyberattacks as the second major global threat, following extreme weather. 

In the dynamic landscape of AI, OpenAI’s CEO suggested the UAE be a global AI regulatory sandbox, fostering responsible development. Nvidia’s CEO emphasised national autonomy in AI infrastructure, urging countries to build their capabilities for technological sovereignty. 

As the 2024 elections approach, AI firms are proactively planning guardrails to prevent the misuse of political images. Google announced an anti-misinformation campaign for the EU elections, aiming to combat false information.

Influencers in the EU face scrutiny over transparency issues, while NYC tok legal action, suing social media companies for exploiting the mental health of young users. 

Portugal implemented a law for equal access to communication services, and the UAE initiated a tech fund to support technological development in developing nations.

Let’s get started, 

Andrijana and the Digital Watch team


Highlights from the week of 9-16 February 2024

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No consensus for the UN Cybercrime Treaty | The Concluding Session of the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime 2024
The concluding session of the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime ended, but an additional session awaits as consensus has not been reached. Read more.
8N6ikeWA un flag blue
No consensus for the UN Cybercrime Treaty | The Concluding Session of the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime 2024
The concluding session of the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime ended, but an additional session awaits as consensus has not been reached. Read more.
Microsoft, OpenAI reveal how threat actors use AI
The research indicates a trend where attackers treat AI as an additional productivity tool in their offensive strategies.  Read more.
Microsoft, OpenAI reveal how threat actors use AI
The research indicates a trend where attackers treat AI as an additional productivity tool in their offensive strategies.  Read more.
computer security data security protection concept
2024 Munich Security Report: G7 countries rank cyberattacks second only to extreme weather
The report’s findings showcase a heightened awareness of cyber threats amid technological advancements. Read more.
computer security data security protection concept
2024 Munich Security Report: G7 countries rank cyberattacks second only to extreme weather
The report’s findings showcase a heightened awareness of cyber threats amid technological advancements. Read more.

desktop photo laptop with ai hologram interface chat concept ai artificial intelligence
OpenAI’s CEO suggests UAE as global AI regulatory sandbox
Sam Altman sees the UAE as a potential leader in AI regulation, capable of serving as a controlled environment for testing and developing AI technologies, which could inform and shape future global regulations. Read more.
desktop photo laptop with ai hologram interface chat concept ai artificial intelligence
OpenAI’s CEO suggests UAE as global AI regulatory sandbox
Sam Altman sees the UAE as a potential leader in AI regulation, capable of serving as a controlled environment for testing and developing AI technologies, which could inform and shape future global regulations. Read more.
nvidia dgx 2 open chassis YS
Nvidia’s CEO: Countries need to build their own AI infrastructure
Nvidia’s CEO Jensen Huang stated that it is essential for countries to harness the economic potential of AI while safeguarding their own culture. Huang also urged governments to take the initiative in building AI infrastructure and not rely on others for this technology. Read more.
nvidia dgx 2 open chassis YS
Nvidia’s CEO: Countries need to build their own AI infrastructure
Nvidia’s CEO Jensen Huang stated that it is essential for countries to harness the economic potential of AI while safeguarding their own culture. Huang also urged governments to take the initiative in building AI infrastructure and not rely on others for this technology. Read more.

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AI firms plan guardrails to prevent misuse of political images ahead of 2024 elections
AI and social media companies are actively considering and implementing steps to reduce the possible misuse of the technology in developing and sharing political images and material ahead of the 2024 elections. Read more.
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AI firms plan guardrails to prevent misuse of political images ahead of 2024 elections
AI and social media companies are actively considering and implementing steps to reduce the possible misuse of the technology in developing and sharing political images and material ahead of the 2024 elections. Read more.
fact fake wordplay banner headline
Google will launch campaign to fight misinformation ahead of EU elections
EU citizens will vote for a new European Parliament in June 2024. Read more.
fact fake wordplay banner headline
Google will launch campaign to fight misinformation ahead of EU elections
EU citizens will vote for a new European Parliament in June 2024. Read more.

woman influencer selling clothes online
Influencers face scrutiny as EU sweep exposes transparency issues
Just one out of every five influencers reveals that their content is actually advertising. Read more.
woman influencer selling clothes online
Influencers face scrutiny as EU sweep exposes transparency issues
Just one out of every five influencers reveals that their content is actually advertising. Read more.

man hold tablet phone pc flag portugal country background
Portugal has implemented a law to promote equal access to communication services
Portugal mandates telecom companies to ensure equal access for individuals with disabilities, requiring tailored equipment, software, and tariffs effective from June 28, 2025, aligning with EU accessibility directives to enhance digital inclusivity and equal opportunities. Read more.
man hold tablet phone pc flag portugal country background
Portugal has implemented a law to promote equal access to communication services
Portugal mandates telecom companies to ensure equal access for individuals with disabilities, requiring tailored equipment, software, and tariffs effective from June 28, 2025, aligning with EU accessibility directives to enhance digital inclusivity and equal opportunities. Read more.
little boy with a mobile phone on the street a child and gadgets
NYC sues social media companies for exploiting mental health of young users
New York City Mayor Eric Adams stated that the city is the first major American city to take such significant steps. Read more.
little boy with a mobile phone on the street a child and gadgets
NYC sues social media companies for exploiting mental health of young users
New York City Mayor Eric Adams stated that the city is the first major American city to take such significant steps. Read more.

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UAE starts tech fund for developing nations
The fund—announced at this year’s World Governments Summit hosted by the UAE—’serves as a channel for countries worldwide to tap into the UAE’s technological expertise to address their unique challenges.’ Read more.
2024%2F02%2Frpa concept with blurry hand touching screen
UAE starts tech fund for developing nations
The fund—announced at this year’s World Governments Summit hosted by the UAE—’serves as a channel for countries worldwide to tap into the UAE’s technological expertise to address their unique challenges.’ Read more.


#ReadingCorner

shutterstock 2308365389 1
New Germany’s digital foreign policy strategy: Between continuity and change
Diplo’s Executive Director, Jovan Kurbalija, takes a look at Germany’s first digital policy strategy, a document that is set to serve as a framework that promotes more proactive policymaking on digital issues while being attentive to the protection of human rights and access to free internet.
shutterstock 2308365389 1
New Germany’s digital foreign policy strategy: Between continuity and change
Diplo’s Executive Director, Jovan Kurbalija, takes a look at Germany’s first digital policy strategy, a document that is set to serve as a framework that promotes more proactive policymaking on digital issues while being attentive to the protection of human rights and access to free internet.

Numéro 86 de la lettre d’information Digital Watch – février 2024

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Observatoire

Coup d’œil : les développements qui ont fait des remous

Gouvernance de l’IA

L’Organe consultatif sur l’IA du Secrétaire général des Nations unies a publié son rapport intermédiaire sur la gouvernance de l’IA pour l’humanité, tandis que l’Assemblée générale des Nations unies a adopté une résolution sur les systèmes d’armes autonomes létaux (LAWS). Les dirigeants mondiaux se sont engagés à promouvoir une IA responsable lors du sommet 2023 du Partenariat mondial sur l’intelligence artificielle (GPAI) à New Delhi. L’Italie a pris la présidence du G7 en janvier 2024 et a défini des priorités, qui incluent le développement de l’Afrique et l’IA. La norme internationale ISO/IEC 42001 sur les systèmes de management de l’IA a été publiée.

Les ambassadeurs de l’UE ont donné leur feu vert à la loi européenne sur l’IA, qui devrait être officiellement adoptée par l’UE à la mi-avril. La publication du texte consolidé de l’Acte de l’UE sur l’IA a donné lieu à des discussions. La Commission européenne se prépare à mettre en place l’Office européen de l’IA, qui jouera un rôle essentiel dans l’application de la loi sur l’IA. La Commission conteste également la tentative des États-Unis d’exclure le secteur privé de la future convention du Conseil de l’Europe sur l’IA et les droits de l’Homme.

La Commission fédérale du commerce des États-Unis a ouvert une enquête sur les investissements des géants de la technologie dans l’IA. La National AI Research Resource a été lancée pour soutenir la recherche responsable en matière d’IA et stimuler l’innovation. La Maison-Blanche a publié une note d’information décrivant les principales actions en matière d’IA à la suite du décret de M. Biden sur l’IA.

Les États-Unis, le Royaume-Uni et l’Union européenne examinent de près le partenariat entre Microsoft et OpenAI.

D’autres juridictions sont également actives dans le domaine de l’IA : l’Australie prévoit de créer un organe consultatif pour la surveillance et la réglementation de l’IA, l’Inde se lance dans la course au LLM avec un modèle en telugu, la Chine a approuvé plus de 40 modèles d’IA au cours des six derniers mois et l’Arabie saoudite a lancé l’initiative GenAI for All (l’IA générique pour tous). ChatGPT, d’OpenAI, est à nouveau soumis à l’examen de l’autorité italienne chargée de la protection des données.
Les principales entreprises américaines du secteur de la santé se sont engagées à adopter l’IA de manière éthique, tandis que Microsoft a promis de renforcer la sécurité et de protéger la vie privée à l’ère de l’IA. OpenAI a supprimé l’interdiction explicite d’utiliser l’IA à des fins militaires, a répondu aux inquiétudes concernant l’utilisation abusive de l’IA lors des élections et a dévoilé un cadre de sécurité pour l’IA.

Technologies 

La société Neuralink d’Elon Musk a implanté la toute première puce cérébrale sur un être humain. Une enquête a révélé que l’armée chinoise a contourné les restrictions américaines sur les puces Nvidia. Nvidia va lancer une nouvelle puce d’intelligence artificielle pour la Chine afin de se conformer aux restrictions américaines à l’exportation. Les nouvelles contraintes néerlandaises ont eu un impact sur les expéditions d’ASML vers la Chine. La Corée du Sud va accroître les avantages fiscaux pour les investissements dans l’industrie des semi-conducteurs du pays.

Sécurité

Les P.-D. G. des grandes entreprises technologiques ont témoigné lors d’une audition au Sénat américain, accusés de ne pas prendre les mesures adéquates pour protéger les enfants contre les contenus préjudiciables et les messages publicitaires non sollicités (CSAM).

Le GTCNL sur la sécurité des TIC a lancé un appel aux États membres pour qu’ils désignent des interlocuteurs à inclure dans le répertoire mondial des contacts sur la sécurité des TIC.

Le plus grand opérateur de télécommunications d’Ukraine a été victime d’une cyberattaque dévastatrice, qui aurait été menée par des pirates informatiques russes. Le FBI et le DoJ ont eu recours à une décision de justice pour contrecarrer le piratage d’infrastructures critiques par des Chinois. Une gigantesque « Mother of all Breaches » (MOAB) a exposé plus de 26 milliards d’enregistrements de données. Le NCSC britannique a mis en garde contre l’augmentation de la fréquence et de l’impact des cyberattaques dues à l’IA. Les chercheurs ont prédit que la cybercriminalité entraînera un coût faramineux de 12 000 milliards de dollars américains d’ici 2025.

Infrastructure

Les négociations sur le règlement de l’UE visant à accélérer le déploiement de la 5G et de la fibre optique sont en cours. Les principales discussions portent sur le principe d’approbation tacite et les frais de communication intra-UE.

Juridique

Le Times a intenté une action en justice contre OpenAI et Microsoft aux États-Unis, alléguant que ces entreprises technologiques avaient utilisé sans autorisation le contenu du journal pour perfectionner leurs modèles d’intelligence artificielle en langues étrangères. OpenAI a répondu que l’affaire était « sans fondement » et a exprimé son souhait d’établir un partenariat avec le média. Epic Games a gagné un procès de lutte contre la concurrence contre Google au sujet de son application Play Store. Le directeur du FMI a appelé à la reconversion et à la mise en place de dispositifs de sécurité dans le contexte des changements d’emploi induits par l’IA.

Économie de l’internet

La Chine a dévoilé son plan en faveur d’une meilleure économie numérique et d’une plus grande prospérité commune, qui vise à intégrer les technologies numériques à l’économie réelle et à résoudre les problèmes de développement par des moyens numériques. L’Association des nations de l’Asie du Sud-Est (ASEAN) se prépare à établir un accord sur l’économie numérique à l’échelle régionale. Dans le même temps, l’autorité britannique de la concurrence et des marchés (CMA) a présenté ses projets de mise en œuvre d’un nouveau régime de concurrence sur les marchés numériques.

Droits numériques

Selon une plainte déposée par l’État du Nouveau-Mexique (États-Unis), Meta tirerait profit des publicités d’entreprises placées à proximité de contenus incitant à l’exploitation sexuelle des enfants. L’autorité française de protection des données a infligé une amende de 10 millions d’euros à Yahoo! pour non-respect de la vie privée et du consentement des utilisateurs en ce qui concerne les témoins de connexion (« cookies »).

Politique de contenu

La Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) s’est concentrée sur la lutte contre le pessimisme et l’extrémisme sur les plateformes numériques, tandis que la Commission européenne a commencé à enquêter sur X pour des infractions présumées à la loi sur les services numériques (Digital Services Act, DSA). Le Conseil de surveillance de Meta a reproché à cette dernière d’avoir supprimé des vidéos illustrant le conflit entre Israël et le Hamas. La Cour constitutionnelle de Turquie a jugé inconstitutionnelles les dispositions relatives au blocage des contenus sur l’internet.

Des vidéos violentes ont fait leur apparition sur X dans le cadre du « conflit armé interne » en Équateur. Les fausses images de Taylor Swift ont suscité des appels à la criminalisation de la pornographie par les fausses images aux États-Unis. L’Inde a averti les entreprises de médias sociaux qu’elles seraient tenues pour responsables de la diffusion sur leurs plateformes de fausses images générées par l’intelligence artificielle.

Développement

L’Allemagne et la Namibie, co-facilitateurs du Sommet du futur, ont annoncé la publication de la version zéro du Pacte pour l’avenir, qui comprend des dispositions relatives à l’impact des technologies numériques sur la paix et la sécurité, ainsi que le potentiel de la science, de la technologie et de l’innovation pour faire progresser le développement durable. Les entreprises technologiques et les gouvernements se sont engagés à intensifier leurs actions pour faire face à la crise climatique par le biais de l’action numérique verte lors de la 28e conférence des parties (COP28). La Thaïlande a dévoilé une initiative visant à renforcer le capital humain et le développement numérique. L’Iran est confronté à l’escalade des coûts de l’internet et à la censure, malgré la promesse d’un accès gratuit. Le Kirghizstan et la Chine ont signé un accord de coopération numérique pour faire avancer le progrès technologique, tandis que le Royaume-Uni et l’Inde ont annoncé une coopération sur la durabilité numérique. Statistics Netherlands a développé une nouvelle méthodologie pour cartographier les déchets électroniques européens. La Banque mondiale a récemment souligné que l’amélioration de l’accès à l’internet au Nigeria et en Tanzanie avait considérablement réduit l’extrême pauvreté.

LES CONVERSATIONS DE LA VILLE – GENÈVE

La CNUCED a organisé son événement phare, l’eWeek 2023, du 4 au 8 décembre 2023. Sous le thème « Façonner l’avenir de l’économie numérique », elle s’est concentrée sur la surveillance des plateformes numériques et de l’IA, la promotion de la durabilité dans l’économie numérique, le renforcement de l’entrepreneuriat numérique des femmes et l’accélération de la préparation numérique des pays en développement. La CNUCED a collaboré avec Diplo pour fournir le tout premier rapport hybride IA-humain pour l’événement.
Tenue du 22 janvier au 2 février 2024, la première série de réunions des groupes de travail (GTC) et des groupes d’experts (GE) du Conseil de l’Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) a permis de commencer les préparatifs en vue des questions qui seront examinées lors de la session de juin du Conseil de l’UIT. L’un des points forts est le GTC sur la protection des enfants en ligne (COP), au cours duquel le Secrétaire général a présenté le rapport sur l’état d’avancement de l’initiative COP, en faisant le point sur les activités de renforcement des capacités et les partenariats intersectoriels de l’UIT dans le cadre de programmes tels que la protection par la participation en ligne (POP), la COP dans le domaine des sports et EQUALS Tech4Girls.

En bref

Douze prédictions sur l’IA et le numérique pour 2024

2024 sera l’année de l’IA. La technologie de l’IA continuera à se développer en profondeur grâce à de puissants modèles fondamentaux et à se diversifier grâce à davantage de connexions avec le reste de l’écosystème numérique (par exemple, l’IdO, la réalité virtuelle et les infrastructures numériques). Les modèles d’IA plus petits et à source ouverte gagneront en popularité en raison de leur transparence, de leur adaptabilité et de leur respect de l’environnement.

Les risques liés à l’IA prédomineront dans le débat sur la gouvernance et la réglementation. Les risques existants (par exemple, les emplois, la désinformation et les préjugés) bénéficieront d’une plus grande attention que les risques existentiels. La gouvernance de l’IA deviendra plus spécifique et concrète, abordant la puissance de calcul, les données et les connaissances, les algorithmes et les applications de l’IA.

La poussée pour la souveraineté nationale sur les données, l’IA et l’infrastructure technologique va remodeler la géopolitique numérique. Le découplage numérique entre la Chine et les États-Unis s’améliorera considérablement en 2024. L’Inde, le Brésil, l’Afrique du Sud, Singapour, la Turquie et les États du Golfe, entre autres, tenteront de créer un « troisième espace numérique » asymétrique entre les deux superpuissances.

De nouvelles organisations, commissions et groupes d’experts traitant de l’IA et de la gouvernance numérique seront mis en place. L’adoption de la convention des Nations unies sur la cybercriminalité devrait marquer le début de la gouvernance numérique mondiale en 2024. Le Pacte mondial pour le numérique (PMN) sera négocié, et les organismes internationaux, notamment le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies, se pencheront sur les aspects numériques des conflits et des crises humanitaires.

L’IA placera la diplomatie à l’épreuve de l’automatisation des tâches à l’aide de grands modèles de langage (LLM). La diplomatie devra s’adapter à une pression accrue pour négocier les sujets liés à l’IA et au numérique, qui s’étendent à des domaines tels que la gouvernance numérique, la santé, le commerce et les droits de l’Homme.

La cybersécurité sera une préoccupation importante, avec un accent sur les conflits militaires à Gaza et en Ukraine, les menaces émergentes pour les infrastructures numériques critiques, et les vols et activités illégales facilités par l’IA. L’adoption de la convention des Nations unies sur la cybercriminalité, prévue pour le début de l’année 2024, donnera une nouvelle impulsion aux efforts mondiaux en la matière.

L’impact de l’IA sur les droits de l’Homme, y compris la liberté d’expression et la protection de la vie privée, sera au centre des débats sur la dignité et la définition de l’humanité. Les droits neuronaux, influencés par l’IA et les développements biotechnologiques, gagneront en importance.

L’IA accélérera les changements économiques, de la restructuration des industries traditionnelles au développement de nouvelles industries basées sur la technologie de l’IA. Les principales dynamiques politiques seront liées aux conséquences économiques du découplage numérique (ou dérisquage) entre la Chine et les États-Unis, à la lutte contre les monopoles dans le domaine de l’IA, à la taxation des entreprises en ligne et au commerce numérique.

La communauté de la standardisation donnera la priorité aux normes relatives à l’IA, aux réseaux 6G, à l’informatique quantique et à d’autres technologies avancées. Les processus multilatéraux exploreront les normes techniques en tant qu’approche de régulation douce.

La saga du chiffrement en ligne, qui dure depuis des décennies, va connaître un nouvel élan avec le débat sur la recherche de contenus illicites dans les communications à l’aide d’un outil permettant de détecter et de bloquer en temps réel les contenus illégaux.

Les identités numériques gagneront en importance, l’accent étant mis sur l’initiative d’infrastructure publique numérique (IPN) approuvée par le G20.

Les élections qui se déroulent dans plus de 70 pays vont accroître les inquiétudes concernant les contenus en ligne, en particulier la désinformation par le biais de vidéos, de textes et de sons truqués, ce qui va accélérer les efforts pour détecter les contenus générés par l’IA.

L’IA suscitera l’innovation dans de nouveaux aspects de l’inclusion, car les pays et les communautés s’efforceront de mettre au point des solutions d’IA ascendantes qui reflètent leur patrimoine culturel et leurs connaissances.

Lisez l’intégralité des 12 prédictions sur l’IA et le numérique pour 2024.l’intégralité des 12 prédictions sur l’IA et le numérique pour 2024.

L’optimisme de l’IA dans un Davos géopolitiquement pessimiste

Dans le cadre serein des Alpes suisses, le Forum économique mondial (WEF) de Davos est considéré comme le baromètre de l’air du temps technologique de l’année. Après un sommet 2023 exceptionnellement timide sur le plan technologique, l’IA a cette année restauré l’optimisme technologique à Davos. Le ciel bleu de la technologie se détache d’autant plus de la géopolitique mondiale morose et nuageuse. Cette dose d’optimisme à l’égard de l’IA est-elle une panacée pour les problèmes mondiaux, la maturation du discours sur l’IA ou un nouveau somnambulisme technologique ?

Davos
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Posologie optimiste. Les 24 sessions centrées sur l’IA sur les 235 que compte le WEF ont rassemblé 135 intervenants et une rafale de 1 101 débats, la majorité d’entre eux ayant un aspect positif (600). Les débats du WEF sur l’IA ont reçu une bonne note de 8 sur l’échelle d’optimisme de DiploAI. Les conversations ont été axées sur le potentiel de l’IA à augmenter la productivité, à combattre les maladies et à résoudre les crises environnementales. Les prévisions économiques présentent l’IA comme une source de revenus de plusieurs milliards de dollars, ce qui contraste avec les scénarios apocalyptiques de l’IA du printemps 2023.

De l’extinction aux risques existants. Le discours sur les risques liés à l’IA a évolué au WEF, les risques existants étant désormais considérés comme des problèmes que l’humanité peut surmonter, à l’instar des défis technologiques du passé. La plupart des débats sur les risques liés à l’IA se sont concentrés sur les dangers actuels d’une mauvaise utilisation de l’IA, tels que la désinformation, les pertes d’emploi et la réforme de l’éducation.

On ne sait pas très bien pourquoi les gourous de l’IA ont réajusté leur langage au WEF, étant donné que leurs prédictions selon lesquelles l’IA détruirait l’humanité ont été faites avec beaucoup de conviction l’année dernière. La franchise de Sam Altman, qui a déclaré que « personne ne sait ce qui se passera ensuite [avec l’IA] », résume la double nature de la situation actuelle : à la fois alarmante et rassurante. L’incertitude exprimée par ceux qui sont à la pointe du développement de l’IA est préoccupante. Dans le même temps, il est encourageant de voir les dirigeants du secteur technologique parler plus ouvertement de leur connaissance de l’impact de l’IA, sans les discours anxiogènes de l’année dernière.

DPI et contenu pour l’IA. Le procès intenté par le New York Times contre OpenAI pour l’utilisation de contenus protégés par des droits d’auteur afin d’entraîner des modèles d’IA a été fréquemment mentionné à Davos. La traçabilité et la transparence dans le développement de l’IA seront essentielles pour une économie de l’IA durable et fonctionnelle. 

Gouvernance de l’IA. Le discours de l’année dernière selon lequel la gouvernance devrait se concentrer sur les capacités de l’IA a cédé la place à une attention particulière portée aux applications. L’IA devient ainsi moins unique et plus gouvernable, comme n’importe quelle autre technologie. Cette approche, utilisée par la loi européenne sur l’IA, gagne également en popularité aux États-Unis. Les discussions du WEF ont révélé plus de similitudes que de différences dans la réglementation de l’IA en Chine, aux États-Unis et dans l’UE.

L’IA en libre accès. La position sur l’IA à code source ouvert, considérée comme un risque ingérable, s’est assouplie au WEF. Yann LeCun, de Meta, a fait valoir que l’IA à code source ouvert est bénéfique non seulement pour le progrès scientifique, mais aussi pour le contrôle des monopoles des grandes entreprises de technologie de l’IA, ainsi que pour l’intégration de diverses contributions culturelles et sociétales dans le développement de l’IA. L’IA à code source ouvert gagnera du terrain en 2024, posant un défi important aux logiciels propriétaires tels qu’OpenAI.

IA et développement. Selon l’envoyé du Secrétaire général des Nations unies pour la technologie, Amandeep Sing Gill, l’IA ne sauvera pas les objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement si la tendance actuelle se poursuit. Cette estimation franche était plutôt une aberration dans les discussions du WEF. Par exemple, il n’a guère été question de l’aggravation de la fracture numérique induite par l’IA ni de la concentration croissante du pouvoir économique et du savoir entre les mains de quelques entreprises.

La confusion autour des potentiels et des risques de l’IA souligne la nécessité d’une conversation mature et nuancée sur l’avenir de l’IA. Nous devons relever les défis connus grâce à des cadres réglementaires souples, transparents et inclusifs. Les débats de Davos ont fait des progrès dans cette direction, visant à nous éloigner d’un avenir dystopique de l’IA par un dialogue informé et équilibré plutôt que par la peur.

Consultez les rapports des sessions de la réunion annuelle 2024 du WEF et le rapport final de l’événement.

La saga de la propriété intellectuelle : l’impact de l’IA sur les brevets et les marques déposées

Dans le domaine de l’IA et de la propriété intellectuelle, les secrets commerciaux et les marques déposées présentent des défis et des occasions uniques qui requièrent une attention particulière dans un paysage juridique en constante évolution. Ce blog présente les complexités, les défis et les opportunités qui définissent les droits et les obligations en matière de propriété intellectuelle, en se concentrant sur des exemples tirés des cadres juridiques de l’UE et des États-Unis.

l’impact de l’IA sur les brevets et les marques déposées
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La loi américaine sur le secret commercial protège diverses informations, telles que les données financières, commerciales, scientifiques et techniques, si le propriétaire prend des mesures de sécurité appropriées pour préserver le secret. Les informations doivent tirer leur valeur du fait qu’elles ne sont pas largement connues ou facilement accessibles par d’autres à travers des moyens légitimes (18 U.S.C. § 1839 [3]). Les exigences liées au secret excluent la protection du secret commercial pour les résultats générés par l’IA qui ne sont pas confidentiels, tels que ceux produits par des systèmes comme ChatGPT ou Dall-E. Néanmoins, les lois sur le secret commercial semblent plus souples pour protéger divers actifs liés à l’IA. En effet, il n’est pas stipulé qu’un secret commercial doit provenir d’un être humain, tandis que le matériel généré par l’IA est traité comme toute autre forme d’information, ainsi que le montre l’article 18 U.S.C. § 1839 (4), qui définit la propriété d’un secret commercial.

Les innovateurs en matière d’IA choisissent souvent la protection du secret commercial plutôt que les brevets en raison de l’ambiguïté des lois sur l’IA et le droit d’auteur. Du point de vue de l’UE, l’imminente loi sur l’IA pourrait exiger la divulgation des activités d’IA, ce qui aurait un impact sur la viabilité de la protection du secret commercial dans certains cas. Des lignes directrices claires concernant les secrets commerciaux en matière d’IA et la définition des obligations de collaboration sont essentielles pour encourager l’innovation et protéger les actifs des entreprises.

L’intégration de l’IA transforme la protection des marques, en étendant le champ d’application des logos aux contenus et algorithmes générés par l’IA. La définition du « consommateur moyen » et la détermination de la responsabilité dans les affaires de contrefaçon de marques posent des problèmes dans le cadre du service à la clientèle piloté par l’IA. Il n’existe pas d’affaires connues traitant de l’IA et de la responsabilité en matière de contrefaçon de marques. Toutefois, la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) s’est prononcée dans des affaires telles que Louis Vuitton contre Google France et L’Oréal contre eBay. Ces décisions stipulent que Google et eBay ne peuvent être tenus responsables de la violation d’une marque à moins qu’ils ne soient conscients et activement impliqués dans la sélection automatique qui aboutit à la violation de la marque. Par conséquent, si nous devions appliquer ces cas aux systèmes d’IA, 

les fournisseurs d’IA seraient tenus pour responsables dans l’UE si le fournisseur d’IA participe plus activement à des actions illégales potentielles.

L’impact de l’IA sur les industries met en évidence la nécessité d’une législation souple en matière de propriété intellectuelle afin d’équilibrer l’innovation et la protection. Les cadres juridiques doivent s’adapter pour reconnaître et protéger les innovations générées par l’IA, ce qui soulève des questions sur la titularité et l’attribution de la propriété. Les décideurs politiques et les parties prenantes doivent élaborer des réglementations tournées vers l’avenir afin de tenir compte du potentiel de l’IA tout en protégeant les droits et les intérêts de toutes les parties.

Une version plus longue de ce blog a d’abord été publiée sur Digital Watch Observatory. Lisez-en la version complète et découvrez la première partie d’une série intitulée « La saga de la propriété intellectuelle » : l’ère du contenu généré par l’IA.

La cryptotempête par excellence

Nous avons regardé le nouveau documentaire de Netflix, Bitconned (escroquerie cryptographique), sur la fraude dans le secteur des cryptomonnaies. Découvrez les raisons qui ont conduit à la création d’une telle catastrophe pour les victimes.

Bitconned

L’engouement pour les cryptomonnaies et la blockchain de 2017 à 2021 s’est déroulé dans un cadre unique. Une composante a amplifié et multiplié l’effet de l’autre, créant ainsi une parfaite cryptotempête, qui a eu un impact sur la confiance dans le secteur et a causé des pertes financières. 

Le bitcoin, souvent qualifié d’or numérique, est apparu comme une merveille de l’ingénierie humaine et un phénomène unique. Cela a conduit à l’émergence d’un nouveau secteur de paiement, dirigé par des organisations financières traditionnelles qui cherchent à s’adapter à l’ère numérique.

Simultanément, le secteur de l’investissement de détail a connu un afflux de capitaux, les sociétés de commerce en ligne soutenues par des investisseurs institutionnels présentant des risques pour les utilisateurs de détail et la protection des consommateurs. Les risques non résolus, les changements dans le secteur financier et les investisseurs inexpérimentés ont ouvert la voie à une tempête parfaite, exacerbée par la cupidité humaine.

La cryptotempête par excellence. Le documentaire de Netflix Bitconned dépeint de manière saisissante comment des entreprises comme Centra Tech ont déclenché une tempête de cryptomonnaies. En 2017, Centra Tech a levé 25 millions de dollars pour une carte de crédit adossée à VISA, qui s’est révélée n’être qu’un mirage mis en scène. Le procès s’est achevé en 2021, aboutissant à des peines de prison. Le documentaire, dirigé par Ray Trapani, l’une des figures clés de Centra Tech, révèle comment de jeunes escrocs ont levé des millions dans le cadre d’une ICO (levée de fonds en cryptomonnaies) avec un site web d’une seule page.

La cryptotempête a sévi pendant des années, atteignant son paroxysme avec l’effondrement de FTX, la deuxième plus grande Bourse de cryptomonnaies au monde. Des sociétés telles que Celsius et Luna ont également fait l’objet de poursuites judiciaires pour avoir détourné des fonds d’investisseurs.

Comment les sociétés de fraude cryptographique ont-elles utilisé les composants susmentionnés ? En promettant la bonne chose au bon moment. Les internautes ont assisté à la transformation du secteur financier et au succès du bitcoin. Ils se laissent facilement convaincre qu’une nouvelle infrastructure financière décentralisée est sur le point de voir le jour et qu’elle sera soutenue par l’absence de cadre réglementaire. En même temps, cela leur donnerait une chance équitable de participer aux débuts de l’industrie et de devenir les nouveaux cryptomillionnaires, ce qui était la principale motivation pour beaucoup d’entre eux. Si les personnes à l’origine de la cryptomonnaie à code source ouvert (bitcoin) ont pu créer l’« internet de l’information », la prochaine génération d’ingénieurs spécialisés dans les cryptomonnaies devrait certainement créer l’« internet de l’argent ». Mais là encore, c’était une erreur. Il s’agissait en fait d’une expérience soigneusement élaborée en vue de gagner de l’argent.

Toutes les idées susmentionnées constituent encore un point de départ pour les développements futurs de l’industrie.

Cette situation pourrait-elle se reproduire pour les services financiers en ligne ? À l’avenir, il est peu probable que des escroqueries de cette ampleur se reproduisent dans le secteur des services financiers en ligne. Les cadres réglementaires ont été renforcés, et les autorités sont mieux équipées pour identifier les activités frauduleuses et y remédier. En outre, les investisseurs sont devenus plus perspicaces et se méfient des promesses qui semblent trop belles pour être vraies.

Toutefois, le risque de tromperie reste inhérent à toute industrie axée sur la technologie, car des intervenants opportunistes peuvent continuer à exploiter les aspirations de la société en matière d’innovation et de progrès. C’est pourquoi la vigilance et le scepticisme sont essentiels lorsque vous vous engagez dans de nouvelles technologies et opportunités d’investissement, en veillant à ce que les utilisateurs ne soient pas induits en erreur par de fausses promesses ou des affirmations exagérées.

Une version plus longue de ce blog a d’abord été publiée sur le Digital Watch Observatory. Lisez-en la version complète.

Le GTCNL achève sa sixième session de travail de fond

La sixième session de fond du groupe de travail à composition non limitée (GTCNL) des Nations unies sur la sécurité et l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication 2021-2025 s’est tenue en décembre 2023, marquant ainsi l’arrivée à mi-parcours du processus. Voici un aperçu des discussions.

Menaces. Les risques et les défis associés aux technologies émergentes, telles que l’IA, l’informatique quantique et l’internet des objets (IoT), ont été soulignés par plusieurs pays. Beaucoup d’entre eux se sont inquiétés de l’augmentation de la fréquence et de l’impact des attaques par rançongiciels sur diverses entités, y compris les infrastructures critiques, les gouvernements locaux, les établissements de santé et les institutions démocratiques. De nombreux pays ont souligné l’importance de la coopération internationale et du partage d’informations pour relever efficacement les défis de la cybersécurité. L’idée d’un répertoire mondial des cybermenaces, avancée par le Kenya, bénéficie d’un large soutien.

Règles, normes et principes. Les délégations ont indiqué qu’il était nécessaire de clarifier les normes et de fournir des conseils de mise en œuvre. Elles ont exprimé des points de vue différents sur la nécessité de nouvelles normes.

Droit international. Le sujet tabou est la pertinence d’un nouveau traité et de nouvelles normes contraignantes. Le droit de la responsabilité des États, le principe de diligence raisonnable, et l’applicabilité du droit international humanitaire (DIH) et du droit international des droits de l’Homme dans le cyberespace sont également des domaines qui ne font pas l’objet d’un consensus.

Mesures de confiance (CBMs). Le répertoire mondial des points de contact (PoC) bénéficie d’un large soutien et constitue une précieuse mesure de confiance. Les membres du GTCNL se concentreront sur sa mise en œuvre et son fonctionnement.

Renforcement des capacités. Les capacités fondamentales telles que les cadres juridiques, la création d’agences spécialisées et les mécanismes de réponse aux incidents, avec un accent particulier sur les équipes d’intervention en cas d’urgence informatique (CERT) et la coopération entre les CERT, ont été constamment soulignées comme étant cruciales. Les délégations ont également souligné l’importance des contextes nationaux et le fait qu’il n’existe pas de solution unique pour renforcer les capacités fondamentales. Les délégations ont exprimé leur soutien à la liste de contrôle volontaire pour le renforcement des capacités en matière de cybersécurité proposée par Singapour et à l’appel d’Accra pour le développement de la cyberrésilience lancé lors de la conférence mondiale sur le renforcement des cybercapacités (GC3B).
Un dialogue institutionnel régulier. Les discussions sur la forme que prendra le futur dialogue institutionnel régulier peuvent être résumées comme suit : programme d’action (PoA) contre GTCNL. Les partisans du programme d’action suggèrent d’utiliser le mécanisme d’examen pour identifier les lacunes du droit international existant et reconnaître que ces lacunes peuvent être comblées par de nouvelles normes. Les partisans de la poursuite d’un dialogue institutionnel régulier dans le cadre du GTCNL suggèrent la création d’un GTCNL permanent qui se concentrerait sur l’élaboration de règles juridiquement contraignantes en tant qu’éléments d’un futur traité universel sur la sécurité de l’information. Ils proposent une prise de décision par consensus et des règles plus strictes pour la participation des parties prenantes.


Actualités de la Francophonie

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Une troisième cohorte de fonctionnaires et diplomates formée en français par l’Université Senghor et l’OIF, sur le numérique et la gouvernance de l’Internet 

26 fonctionnaires et diplomates de 18 des Etats et gouvernements membres de l’OIF ont suivi une formation en ligne et en français sur l’Introduction à la gouvernance de l’Internet. La formation s’est déroulée sur 3 mois, de septembre à décembre 2023, pendant lesquels les apprenants ont été introduits à la gouvernance de l’Internet, à ses acteurs et leurs enjeux, aux défis de la cybersécurité et des droits humains en ligne, aux infrastructures, régulations et normalisations de l’internet et du numérique, mais également aux dimensions économique et juridique, socioculturelle et du développement du cyberespace.  

Organisée dans le cadre du Projet « D-CLIC, formez-vous au numérique avec l’OIF », cette formation a été déployée par l’Université Senghor, opérateur direct de la Francophonie, dont la mission est de former, en français, des cadres capables de relever les défis du développement durable en Afrique et en Haïti.

Elle s’est organisée autour de tutorat avec des experts intervenants pour chaque module/thématique, des témoignages de personnes-ressources et un webinaire hebdomadaire sur chaque module, animé par l’expert intervenant. Des contrôles de connaissances réguliers à travers des questionnaires d’évaluation et une note de synthèse finale ont également rythmé cet apprentissage. La formation a également permis de mettre en place une communauté d’apprentissage francophone et de fortifier le réseau de diplomates, fonctionnaires et décideurs politiques des Etats membres de la Francophonie, réseau essentiel à la visibilité et à la présence de cette communauté dans le développement du numérique au niveau national et international. À travers ce cycle de formation, l’OIF vise ainsi à renforcer leurs compétences afin de leur permettre de mieux apprécier les défis actuels et futurs de la gouvernance numérique et plus généralement des enjeux numériques.

Les participants sont issus d’Arménie Bénin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroun, Centrafrique, Comores, Congo, Congo RD, Égypte, Guinée Équatoriale, Haïti, Maroc, Niger, Roumanie, Sénégal, Tchad et Togo. Au total, sur les 26 candidats (dont 8 femmes) admis, 24 ont pu suivre et 22 dont 7 femmes ont pu satisfaire à toutes les exigences de la formation. Plus de 70% des participants ont estimé que leur niveau de familiarité et de connaissance globale sur les thèmes et enjeux du numérique ont été améliorés grâce à cette formation. 

La cérémonie de clôture de la formation a eu lieu en ligne en présence du Recteur de l’Université Senghor, Monsieur Thierry Verdel, de la Directrice de la Francophonie économique et numérique de l’OIF, Madame Florence Brillouin, de leurs équipes respectives et des apprenants. Dans une dynamique de réplication de cette initiative, d’autres sessions devraient être déployées en 2024.

Photo de groupe des apprenants lors d’un des webinaires de la formation.
Photo de groupe des apprenants lors d’un des webinaires de la formation.

Crédit photographique : Université Senghor
https://www.usenghor-francophonie.org/

L’OIF soutient les Nations unies et l’Organe consultatif de haut niveau sur l’intelligence artificielle 

Une gouvernance de l’Intelligence artificielle (IA) coordonnée à l’échelle mondiale est le seul moyen de mettre l’IA au service de l’humanité tout en abordant ses risques et ses incertitudes à mesure que les services, les algorithmes, la capacité de calcul et l’expertise liés à cette technologie numérique se généralisent à l’échelle internationale. 

Conscient de cet enjeu, le Secrétaire général des Nations unies a créé le 26 octobre 2023 un Comité consultatif de haut niveau des Nations Unies sur l’intelligence artificielle. Cet organe consultatif multipartite rassemble 39 experts du monde entier et doit formuler des recommandations préliminaires sur la gouvernance internationale de l’IA, la compréhension partagée des risques et des défis, ainsi que les opportunités liées à la réalisation des ODD. Cet organe s’intègre également dans le cadre du processus d’élaboration du Pacte numérique mondial (PNM), premier instrument international dédié à la gouvernance du numérique et appelé à être adopté par les Etats membres des Nations Unies à l’occasion du Sommet de l’avenir en septembre 2024.

L’OIF via sa Direction de la Francophonie économique et numérique (DFEN) et la Représentation auprès des Nations unies à New York (RPNU), soutient cette initiative et contribue ainsi aux travaux de l’Organe consultatif en ayant attribué fin 2023 une subvention d’environ 50 000 euros. Cet appui s’inscrit dans le cadre de la Contribution de la Francophonie au PNM qui soutient notamment, dans la Thématique 6 « Promouvoir la réglementation de l’intelligence artificielle », des principes et engagements soutenant un développement « éthique et responsable, sûr, sain et respectueux des droits de l’Homme » de l’IA et en prônant la mise en place de coopérations, de règlementations et de mécanismes de gouvernance aux niveaux multilatéral et national, favorisant une coordination intersectorielle des politiques de l’IA. L’OIF y promeut également la diversité culturelle et linguistique dans l’espace numérique, si essentielle dans le domaine de l’Intelligence artificielle. L’Organe consultatif mis en place devrait notamment examiner tous les biais, y compris linguistiques, qui peuvent miner le développement et la gouvernance globale de l’IA.

Conscient de la nécessité du multilinguisme dans ce domaine et mesurant l’importance d’un travail étroit avec l’espace francophone, le Bureau de l’Envoyé pour les technologies souhaite, en lien avec l’OIF, entretenir cette coopération francophone. Les activités soutenues consisteront ainsi à traduire vers le français les rapports et publications de l’Organe consultatif, ainsi que produire des contenus en français sur le site Internet de l’Organe consultatif.

Le rapport intérimaire de l’Organe consultatif a été publié en décembre dernier. Il devrait être accessible en français très prochainement sur le site des Nations unies et la plateforme en ligne dédiée à la soumission des contributions des parties prenantes au rapport préliminaire. Le rapport appelle à un alignement plus étroit entre les normes internationales et la façon dont l’IA est développée et déployée. Le rapport propose également de renforcer la gouvernance internationale de l’IA en exerçant sept fonctions critiques telles que la veille et l’analyse des risques, le soutien à la collaboration internationale sur les données, ainsi que la capacité informatique pour atteindre les objectifs de développement durable. Il propose également des recommandations visant à améliorer la responsabilité et à assurer une voix équitable pour tous les pays.

Les individus, les groupes et les organisations sont encouragés à fournir des commentaires via le formulaire de soumission en ligne avant le 31 mars 2024. L’organe consultatif de l’IA publiera son rapport final avant le sommet de l’avenir, à l’été 2024.En savoir plus : https://www.un.org/en/ai-advisory-body

Événements à venir :

  • Intervention de l’OIF au 5e Sommet sur les compétences 2024 de l’OCDE (21 et 22 février 2024, Bruxelles) sur le thème « Les compétences de demain : construire des ponts vers de nouvelles opportunités », 
  • Publication du Rapport intérimaire en français de l’Organe consultatif de haut niveau sur l’intelligence artificielle des Nations unies (mars 2024, à confirmer)

DW Weekly #146 – 9 February 2024

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Dear readers,

The European Union Ambassadors achieved a historic milestone by approving the groundbreaking AI Act. This move signals a significant step forward in the regulation and governance of AI technologies within the EU. Meanwhile, China and Russia have forged an unexpected military AI alliance, prompting discussions on the geopolitical implications of such collaboration

Germany published its first-ever Strategy for International Digital Policy. This document is expected to set the tone for Germany’s approach to digital issues on the global stage.

In the ongoing battle against cyber threats, the Pall Mall Process has emerged to tackle the spread of spyware. The Netherlands and the USA brought to light China-backed hacking of their respective infrastructures. Multiple organisations and security leaders filed amicus briefs backing SolarWinds’ motion to dismiss the SEC case.

European Commissioner Thierry Breton called on Big Tech to play a role in safeguarding European elections from the threat of deepfakes. Simultaneously, Meta challenged the supervisory fee established under the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA).

China launched a satellite for testing 6G technology, positioning itself at the forefront of the next generation of wireless communication. In the EU, the Gigabit Infrastructure Act will end intra-EU call charges by 2029, while concerns arose over the Houthi threat to critical submarine cables in the Red Sea.

The EU has adopted the ‘right to repair’ law, signalling a commitment to sustainability in consumer electronics. In Sudan, over 14 million people were affected by an internet shutdown, highlighting the far-reaching consequences of such actions. In Pakistan, the suspension of mobile services on election day sparked concerns about digital rights and access to information.

Andrijana and the Digital Watch team


Highlights from the week of 2-9 February 2024

abstract technology ai computing
EU Ambassadors approve landmark AI Act
On 2 February, the ambassadors of the European Union’s 27 nations unanimously adopted the world’s first comprehensive legislation for AI. Read more.
abstract technology ai computing
EU Ambassadors approve landmark AI Act
On 2 February, the ambassadors of the European Union’s 27 nations unanimously adopted the world’s first comprehensive legislation for AI. Read more.
american chinese and russian flag on a cracked wall politics conflict war concept
China and Russia forge military AI alliance
Delegates from two countries met in Beijing to discuss the use of AI in military contexts, covering doctrinal principles, initiatives, and collaboration within the UN Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). Read more.
american chinese and russian flag on a cracked wall politics conflict war concept
China and Russia forge military AI alliance
Delegates from two countries met in Beijing to discuss the use of AI in military contexts, covering doctrinal principles, initiatives, and collaboration within the UN Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). Read more.

german flag
Germany publishes first Strategy for International Digital Policy
The federal government will use the document as a framework that promotes more proactive policymaking on digital issues. Read more.
german flag
Germany publishes first Strategy for International Digital Policy
The federal government will use the document as a framework that promotes more proactive policymaking on digital issues. Read more.

a person sees a white inscription on a black smartphone display that holds in his hand spyware
The Pall Mall Process tackles spyware
Multiple countries and industry giants issued a call for heightened vigilance against the proliferation of spyware. Read more.
a person sees a white inscription on a black smartphone display that holds in his hand spyware
The Pall Mall Process tackles spyware
Multiple countries and industry giants issued a call for heightened vigilance against the proliferation of spyware. Read more.
male spy using computer display with greenscreen
Netherlands exposes Chinese cyberespionage in military network
China denied involvement, via its embassy in the Hague. Read more.
male spy using computer display with greenscreen
Netherlands exposes Chinese cyberespionage in military network
China denied involvement, via its embassy in the Hague. Read more.
china flag is depicted on the screen with the program code
Intelligence advisory: China-linked Volt Typhoon hackers infiltrate US critical infrastructure
There are indications that the threat actor maintained access in some victim IT environments for at least five years. Read more.
china flag is depicted on the screen with the program code
Intelligence advisory: China-linked Volt Typhoon hackers infiltrate US critical infrastructure
There are indications that the threat actor maintained access in some victim IT environments for at least five years. Read more.
Solar Winds
Amicus briefs back SolarWinds’ motion to dismiss SEC case
The briefs highlight the lawsuit could potentially cast a chilling effect on the industry. Read more.
Solar Winds
Amicus briefs back SolarWinds’ motion to dismiss SEC case
The briefs highlight the lawsuit could potentially cast a chilling effect on the industry. Read more.

Thierry Breton
Breton calls on Big Tech to help protect European elections from deepfakes
Breton said guidelines will be issued by March to help platforms counter electoral disinformation, including the establishment of a rapid reaction mechanism and simulation exercises. Read more.
Thierry Breton
Breton calls on Big Tech to help protect European elections from deepfakes
Breton said guidelines will be issued by March to help platforms counter electoral disinformation, including the establishment of a rapid reaction mechanism and simulation exercises. Read more.
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Meta challenges supervisory fee established under the EU’s DSA
Meta has filed a complaint challenging the EU Digital Services Act’s supervisory fee provision, arguing the European Commission’s unfair calculation disproportionately affects profitable providers. Read more.
wfchl9yftyq
Meta challenges supervisory fee established under the EU’s DSA
Meta has filed a complaint challenging the EU Digital Services Act’s supervisory fee provision, arguing the European Commission’s unfair calculation disproportionately affects profitable providers. Read more.

space satellite planet earth
China launched satellite for testing 6G
China has successfully launched the world’s first 6G test satellite, which was developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy. Read more.
space satellite planet earth
China launched satellite for testing 6G
China has successfully launched the world’s first 6G test satellite, which was developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy. Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission
EU Gigabit Infrastructure Act: Intra-EU call charges to end in 2029, voluntary tacit approval principle upheld
The new rules aim to protect consumers from excessive prices for intra-EU communications Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission
EU Gigabit Infrastructure Act: Intra-EU call charges to end in 2029, voluntary tacit approval principle upheld
The new rules aim to protect consumers from excessive prices for intra-EU communications Read more.
yemen cables
Concerns raised over Houthi threat to critical submarine cables in Red Sea
Telecom firms linked to the UN-recognised Yemen government fear that Houthi rebels may sabotage submarine cables in the Red Sea, crucial for the functioning of the western internet and financial data transmission. Read more.
yemen cables
Concerns raised over Houthi threat to critical submarine cables in Red Sea
Telecom firms linked to the UN-recognised Yemen government fear that Houthi rebels may sabotage submarine cables in the Red Sea, crucial for the functioning of the western internet and financial data transmission. Read more.

nature meets tech bird s e waste nest
EU adopts the new ‘right to repair’ law
The European Commission said its original proposal would save some 18 million tonnes of CO2 over 15 years – while saving consumers €176 billion. Read more.
nature meets tech bird s e waste nest
EU adopts the new ‘right to repair’ law
The European Commission said its original proposal would save some 18 million tonnes of CO2 over 15 years – while saving consumers €176 billion. Read more.
flag of the sudan
Over 14 million Sudanese affected by the internet shutdown
The network blackout could also halt the functioning of e-wallets, which many people rely on given the wide-ranging cash shortage in the country. Read more.
flag of the sudan
Over 14 million Sudanese affected by the internet shutdown
The network blackout could also halt the functioning of e-wallets, which many people rely on given the wide-ranging cash shortage in the country. Read more.
flag of pakistan
Pakistan’s election day mobile service suspension sparks digital rights concerns
Pakistan’s suspension of nationwide mobile services on election day, citing security concerns after recent armed attacks, faces criticism from digital rights advocates. Read more.
flag of pakistan
Pakistan’s election day mobile service suspension sparks digital rights concerns
Pakistan’s suspension of nationwide mobile services on election day, citing security concerns after recent armed attacks, faces criticism from digital rights advocates. Read more.


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In our February issue of the Digital Watch Monthly, we predict what will happen in digital policy in 2024, examine AI rhetoric at the WEF 2024 Annual Summit, analyse AI’s impact on trade secrets and trademarks, examine the ingredients of a cryptostom, and recap OEWG discussions.


Follow the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime with GIP reports
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Will the UN Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime stick to its plan and have the first global treaty on cybercrime? Stay tuned for real-time updates and just-in-time reporting facilitated by The Digital Watch Observatory’s AI-driven App!

Digital Watch newsletter – Issue 86 – February 2024

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Snapshot: The developments that made waves

AI governance

The UN Secretary-General’s AI Advisory Body launched its Interim Report on governing AI for humanity, while the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). Global leaders pledged to promote responsible AI at the 2023 Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) Summit in New Delhi. Italy took over the G7 presidency in January 2024 and outlined priorities that include Africa’s development and AI. The international standard ISO/IEC 42001 on AI management systems was published.

The EU ambassadors have given the green light to the EU AI Act, which is now expected to be formally adopted by the EU by mid-April. The leaked consolidated text of the EU AI Act prompted discussions. The European Commission is preparing to establish the European AI Office, which will be crucial in enforcing the AI Act. The Commission is also challenging the US-led bid to exclude the private sector from the Council of Europe’s upcoming Convention on AI and human rights

The US Federal Trade Commission launched an inquiry into tech giants’ AI investments. The National AI Research Resource was launched with to support responsible AI research and drive innovation. The White House released a fact sheet outlining key AI actions following Biden’s executive order on AI.

The USA, the UK, and the EU are scrutinising Microsoft’s partnership with OpenAI.

Other jurisdictions are active in the AI field as well: Australia is planning to establish an advisory body for AI oversight and regulation, India is entering the LLM race with a Telugu model, China approved over 40 AI models in the last six months, and Saudi Arabia launched the GenAI for All initiative. OpenAI’s ChatGPT again faces scrutiny from the Italian data protection authority. 

Leading US healthcare companies committed to the ethical adoption of AI, Microsoft pledged to enhance trust and safeguard privacy in the age of AI. OpenAI removed an explicit ban on military use, addressed concerns over election misuse of AI, and unveiled an AI safety framework.  

Technologies 

Elon Musk’s Neuralink implanted the first-ever brain chip in a human. Investigation revealed that the Chinese military bypassed US restrictions on Nvidia chips. Nvidia will roll out a new AI chip for China to comply with US export restrictions. New Dutch restrictions impacted ASML shipments to China. South Korea will extend tax benefits for investments in the nation’s semiconductor industry.

Security

Big Tech CEOs testified at a US Senate hearing over accusations of failing to take adequate measures to protect children from harmful and CSAM content. 

The OEWG on ICT security issued a call to member states to nominate points of contact to be included in the global points of contact directory on ICT security. 

Ukraine’s largest telecom operator suffered a crippling cyberattack, allegedly by Russian hackers. The FBI and DoJ used a court order to thwart Chinese hacking of critical infrastructure.  A supermassive Mother of all Breaches (MOAB) exposed over 26 billion data records. The UK NCSC warned of the escalating frequency and impact of cyberattacks due to AI. Researchers predicted that cybercrime will incur a staggering USD12 trillion in costs by 2025.

Infrastructure

Negotiations on the EU regulation to accelerate 5G and fibre rollout are underway. Key discussions revolve around the tacit approval principle and intra-EU communication fees.

The Times filed a lawsuit against OpenAI and Microsoft in the USA, alleging that the tech firms used the newspaper’s content without authorisation to train their AI large language models. OpenAI responded that the case is ‘without merit’ and expressed hope for a partnership with the media outlet. Epic Games has won an antitrust lawsuit against Google over its Play Store app. The IMF chief called for retraining and safety nets amidst AI-driven job changes.

Internet economy

China revealed its plan for a better digital economy and common prosperity, which aims to integrate digital technologies with the real economy and address development issues using digital means. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is gearing up to establish a region-wide digital economy agreement. At the same time, the UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has outlined its plans for implementing a new digital markets competition regime.   

Digital rights

A legal filing by the state of New Mexico, the USA, alleges that Meta profits from corporate ads placed alongside content promoting child sexual exploitation. The French Data Protection Authority imposed a €10 million fine against Yahoo for failing to comply with users’ privacy and consent regarding cookies.

Content policy

The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) focused on curbing pessimism and extremism on digital platforms, while the European Commission started investigating X for alleged breaches of the Digital Services Act (DSA). Meta’s Oversight Board criticised Meta for the removal of videos depicting the Israel-Hamas conflict. Türkiye’s constitutional court ruled internet content-blocking provisions unconstitutional. 

Violent videos surfaced on X amid Ecuador’s ‘internal armed conflict’. Taylor Swift’s deepfakes prompted calls for criminalising deepfake pornography in the USA. India warned social media companies that they will be held responsible for disseminating AI-generated deepfakes on their platforms.

Development

Germany and Namibia, co-facilitators of the Summit of the Future, announced the release of the zero draft of the Pact for the Future, which includes provisions related to the impact of digital technologies on peace and security, as well as the potential of science, technology, and innovation in advancing sustainable development. Tech companies and governments have pledged to increase their actions to address the climate crisis through the Green Digital Action track at the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28). Thailand revealed an initiative to enhance human capital and digital development. Iran is grappling with escalating internet costs and censorship despite promised free access. Kyrgyzstan and China signed a digital cooperation agreement to advance technological progress, while the UK and India announced cooperation on digital sustainability. Statistics Netherlands developed a new methodology to map European e-waste. World Bank’s recent brief highlighted that enhanced internet accessibility in Nigeria and Tanzania has notably diminished extreme poverty.

THE TALK OF THE TOWN – GENEVA

UNCTAD held its flagship eWeek 2023 on 4 – 8 December 2023. Themed ‘Shaping the future of the digital economy’, it focused on addressing the oversight of digital platforms and AI, promoting sustainability in the digital economy, enhancing women’s digital entrepreneurship, and accelerating the digital readiness of developing countries. UNCTAD collaborated with Diplo in providing the first-ever AI-human hybrid reporting for the event.
Held from 22 January to 2 February 2024, the first cluster of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Council Working Group (CWG) and Expert Group (EG) meetings started preparations for the matters to be discussed during the June ITU Council. One highlight is the CWG on Child Online Protection (COP), during which the Secretary-General presented the progress report on the COP Initiative, debriefing on ITU’s capacity-building activities and cross-sector partnerships in programmes such as Protection through Online Participation (POP), COP in Sports, and EQUALS Tech4Girls.


12 AI and digital predictions for 2024

2024 will be the year of AI. AI technology will continue to grow deeper through powerful foundational models and wider through more connections to the rest of the digital ecosystem (e.g. IoT, virtual reality, and digital infrastructures). Smaller AI and open-source models will gain traction for their transparency, adaptability, and eco-friendliness.

AI risks will dominate the governance and regulatory debate. Existing risks (e.g. jobs, misinformation, biases) will receive more attention than existential risks. AI governance will become more specific and concrete, addressing computational power, data and knowledge, algorithms, and AI applications.

The push for national sovereignty over data, AI, and technology infrastructure will reshape digital geopolitics. The digital decoupling between China and the USA will accelerate significantly in 2024. India, Brazil, South Africa, Singapore, Türkiye, and Gulf states, among others, will try to carve an asymmetric ‘third digital space’ between the two superpowers.

There will be a push for new organisations, commissions, and expert groups dealing with AI and digital governance. The adoption of the UN Cybercrime Convention is anticipated to mark the beginning of global digital governance in 2024. The Global Digital Compact (GDC) will be negotiated, and international bodies, including the UN Security Council, will address digital aspects of conflicts and humanitarian crises.

AI will put diplomacy to the test through the automation of tasks using Large Language Models (LLMs). Diplomacy will need to adapt to increased pressure to negotiate AI and digital topics, extending to areas such as digital governance, health, trade, and human rights.

Cybersecurity will be a significant concern, with a focus on military conflicts in Gaza and Ukraine, emerging threats to digital critical infrastructure, and AI-facilitated theft and illegal activities. The expected adoption of the UN Cybercrime Convention in early 2024 will further shape global cybersecurity efforts.

AI’s impact on human rights, including freedom of expression and privacy, will be on the centre stage, sparking debates on dignity and humanity’s definition. Neurorights, influenced by AI and biotechnological developments, will gain prominence.

AI will accelerate economic changes, from restructuring traditional industries to developing new ones built around AI technology. The primary policy dynamics will be related to the economic consequences of the digital decoupling (or de-risking) between China and the USA, anti-monopolies in AI, taxation of online industries, and digital trade.

The standardisation community will prioritise standards for AI, 6G networks, quantum computing, and other advanced technologies. Multilateral processes will explore technical standards as a soft regulation approach.

The decades-long saga around online encryption will gain new momentum with the debate around on-device scanning of communications for illegal content.

Digital identities will gain importance, with a focus on the Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) initiative endorsed by the G20.

Elections in over 70 countries will heighten concerns about online content, specifically mis/disinformation through deepfake videos, texts, and sounds, which will accelerate efforts to detect AI-generated content.
AI will trigger innovation in new aspects of inclusion as countries and communities will aim to develop bottom-up AI solutions that reflect their cultural and knowledge heritage.

Read the 12 AI and Digital Predictions for 2024 in full.


AI optimism in geopolitically pessimistic Davos

In the serene backdrop of the Swiss Alps, the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos stands as a barometer for the year’s technological zeitgeist. After an exceptionally tech-shy Summit in 2023, AI restored tech optimism in Davos this year. The blueness of the tech sky stands out even more against the gloomy and cloudy global geopolitics. Is this optimistic dose of AI a panacea for global problems, the maturation of AI discourse, or yet another tech sleepwalk?

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Optimistic dosage. The 24 AI-centric sessions out of 235 at WEF featured 135 speakers and a flurry of 1,101 arguments, with the majority having a positive tone (600). The WEF AI debates have been rated a solid 8 on DiploAI’s optimism scale. Conversations have revolved around AI’s potential to elevate productivity, combat diseases, and solve environmental crises. The economic forecasts present AI as a trillion-dollar boon, a narrative contrast to AI doomsday scenarios from the spring of 2023. 

From extinction to existing risks. The narrative surrounding AI risks has shifted at WEF, with existential risks now viewed as problems humanity can overcome, similar to past technological challenges. Most of the AI risk debate focused on the existing risks of AI misuse, such as misinformation, job losses, and educational reform. 

It’s unclear why AI gurus have recalibrated their language at WEF, as their predictions that AI would destroy humanity were made with great conviction last year. Sam Altman’s frank admission, ‘no one knows what comes next [with AI]’, encapsulates the dual nature of this juncture: it’s both alarming and reassuring. The uncertainty voiced by those at the forefront of AI development is concerning. At the same time, it is encouraging that tech leaders speak more frankly about their knowledge of the impact of AI without the fear-mongering of the last year.

IPR and content for AI. The New York Times‘ court case against OpenAI over the use of copyrighted material to train AI models was frequently mentioned in Davos. Traceability and transparency in AI development will be critical for a sustainable and functional AI economy. 

AI governance. Last year’s narrative that governance should focus on AI capabilities has given way to a focus on applications. It makes AI less unique and more governable, just like any other technology. This approach, used by the EU AI Act, is also gaining popularity in the USA. The WEF discussions revealed more similarities than differences in the regulation of AI in China, the USA, and the EU.

Open source AI. The stance on open-source AI as an unmanageable risk softened at WEF. Yann LeCun of Meta argued that open-source AI is beneficial not only for scientific progress but also for controlling the monopolies of large AI tech companies and incorporating diverse cultural and societal inputs into AI development. Open-source AI will gain traction in 2024, posing a significant challenge to proprietary software such as OpenAI.

AI and development. According to the UN Secretary-General’s Envoy on Technology, Amandeep Sing Gill, AI will not save the SDGs if current trends continue. This candid assessment was more of an outlier in WEF discussions. For example, there was little discussion of the AI-driven widening of digital divides and the increasing concentration of economic and knowledge power in the hands of a few companies.

The confusion around AI potentials and risks underscores the need for a mature, nuanced conversation on AI’s future. We must navigate the known challenges with agile, transparent, and inclusive regulatory frameworks. The Davos debates have made strides in this direction, aiming to steer us away from a dystopian AI future through informed, balanced dialogue rather than fear.

Browse the reports from WEF’s 2024 annual meeting and the final report from the event.



The intellectual property saga: AI’s impact on trade secrets and trademarks

Within the realm of AI and intellectual property, trade secrets and trademarks present unique challenges and opportunities that require special attention in the evolving legal landscape. This blog outlines the complexities, challenges, and opportunities that define intellectual property rights and obligations, focusing on examples from the EU and US legal frameworks.

US trade secret law safeguards diverse information, such as financial, business, scientific, and technical data, if the owner takes reasonable security measures to maintain secrecy. The information must derive value from not being widely known or easily accessible by others through legitimate means (18 U.S.C. §1839(3)). Requirements related to secrecy exclude trade secret protection for AI-generated outputs that are not confidential, such as those produced by systems like ChatGPT or Dall·E. Nevertheless, trade secret laws seem to be more flexible to safeguard various AI-related assets. Namely, there is no stipulation that a trade secret must be originated by a human being, while AI-generated material is treated like any other form of information, as evident in 18 U.S.C. §1839(4), which defines trade secret ownership. 

AI innovators often choose trade secret protections over patents due to ambiguous AI and copyright laws. From the EU perspective, the impending AI Act might require disclosure of AI operations, impacting the viability of trade secret safeguarding in some cases. Clear guidelines for AI trade secrets and defining collaboration obligations are crucial for fostering innovation and protecting business assets.

AI integration transforms trademark protection, expanding from logos to AI-generated content and algorithms. Defining the ‘average consumer’ and determining responsibility in trademark infringement cases pose challenges in AI-driven customer service. There aren’t any known cases addressing AI and liability in trademark infringement. However, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) ruled in cases like Louis Vuitton vs Google France and L’Oréal vs eBay. These decisions state that Google and eBay cannot be held accountable for trademark infringement unless they are aware and actively involved in the automatic selection that results in trademark infringement. Therefore, if we were to apply these cases in AI systems, AI would be held liable in the EU if the AI provider plays a more active role in potential infringing actions. 

The impact of AI on industries highlights the need for flexible intellectual property laws to balance innovation and protection. Legal frameworks must adapt to recognise and safeguard AI-generated innovations, raising questions about authorship and ownership attribution. Policymakers and stakeholders must craft forward-thinking regulations to accommodate AI’s potential while protecting all parties’ rights and interests.

A longer version of this blog first appeared on the Digital Watch Observatory. Read the full version of the blog, and discover part 1 of the blog series, The intellectual property saga: The age of AI-generated content.


The perfect cryptostorm

We watched the new Netflix documentary ‘Bitconned’ on cryptocurrency industry fraud. Read what were the ingredients to create such a perfect storm for victims.

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The cryptocurrency and blockchain craze from 2017 to 2021 unfolded in a unique setting. One component amplified the other, multiplying the effect, thus creating a perfect cryptostorm that impacted trust in the industry and caused financial losses. 

Bitcoin, often termed the digital gold, stood out as a marvel of human engineering and a one-hit wonder. This led to the emergence of a new payment industry, driven by legacy financial organisations seeking relevance in the digital era.

Simultaneously, the retail investing industry saw an influx of capital, with online trading companies backed by institutional investors posing risks for retail users and consumer protection. Unanswered risks, changes in the financial industry, and inexperienced investors set the stage for a perfect storm, exacerbated by human greed.

The perfect cryptostorm. The Netflix documentary ‘Bitconned’ vividly portrays the summoning of the cryptostorm by companies like Centra Tech. In 2017, Centra Tech raised $25 million for a VISA-backed credit card, only to be revealed as a staged mirage. The court case concluded in 2021, resulting in jail sentences. The documentary, led by Ray Trapani, one of Centra Tech’s key figures, reveals how young scammers raised millions in an ICO with a one-page website.

The cryptostorm persisted for years, culminating in the collapse of FTX, the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency exchange. Companies like Celsius and Luna also faced legal challenges for misusing investor funds. 

How did crypto scam companies utilise the above ingredients? By promising the right thing at the right moment. Internet users witnessed the financial sector’s transformation and bitcoin’s success. They could easily be convinced that a new decentralised finance infrastructure is on the verge, which will be supported by the lack of a regulatory framework. At the same time, giving them a fair chance to participate in the industry beginnings and become the new crypto millionaires, which was the main incentive for many. If people behind the open-source cryptocurrency (bitcoin) could create the ‘internet of information’,  the next generation of cryptocurrency engineers would surely deliver the ‘internet of money’. However, again, it was false. It was, in fact, a carefully worded money-grabbing experiment.

All the above ideas still stand as a goalpost for further industry developments. 

Could this happen again for online financial services? Looking ahead, the likelihood of a recurrence of such large-scale scams within online financial services is slim. Regulatory frameworks have been strengthened, and authorities are better equipped to identify and intervene in fraudulent activities. Moreover, investors have become more discerning and wary of promises that seem too good to be true.

However, the potential for deception remains inherent in any technology-driven industry, as opportunistic actors may continue to exploit societal aspirations for innovation and progress. As such, vigilance and scepticism are essential when engaging with new technologies and investment opportunities, ensuring that users are not misled by false promises or exaggerated claims.

A longer version of this blog first appeared on the Digital Watch Observatory. Read the full version of the blog.

bitconned cryptostorm
The perfect cryptostorm
bitconned cryptostorm
The perfect cryptostorm

OEWG wraps up its sixth substantive session

The sixth substantive session of the UN Open-Ended Working Group (OEWG) on security of and the use of information and communications technologies 2021–2025 was held in December 2023, marking the midway point of the process. Here is a quick snapshot of the discussions.  

Threats. The risks and challenges associated with emerging technologies, such as AI, quantum computing, and the internet of things (IoT), were highlighted by several countries. Numerous nations expressed concerns about the increasing frequency and impact of ransomware attacks on various entities, including critical infrastructure, local governments, health institutions, and democratic institutions. Many countries emphasised the importance of international cooperation and information sharing to effectively address cybersecurity challenges. The idea of a global repository of cyber threats, as advanced by Kenya, enjoys much support.

Rules, norms and principles. Delegations  signalled that clarifying the norms and providing implementation guidance is necessary. Delegations expressed different views on whether new norms are needed.

International law. The elephant in the room is the question of whether a new treaty and new binding norms are needed. The law of state responsibility, the principle of due diligence, and the applicability of international humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law in cyberspace are also areas without consensus.

Confidence-building measures (CBMs). There’s widespread support for the global Points of Contact (PoC) directory as a valuable CBM. The OEWG members will focus on its implementation and operationalisation. 

Capacity building. Foundational capacities such as legal frameworks, the establishment of dedicated agencies, and mechanisms for incident response, with a special focus on computer emergency response teams (CERTs) and CERT cooperation, were consistently highlighted as crucial. Delegations also stressed the importance of national contexts and how there is no one-size-fits-all answer to building foundational capacities. Delegations expressed support for the voluntary cybersecurity capacity-building checklist proposed by Singapore and for the Accra Call for Cyber Resilience Development set forth during the Global Conference on Cyber Capacity Building (GC3B).
Regular institutional dialogue. The discussions on what the future regular institutional dialogue will look like can be summarised as Programme of Action (PoA) vs OEWG. The supporters of the Programme of Action (PoA) suggest using the review mechanism to identify gaps in existing international law and recognise that such gaps can be filled with new norms. Those who support continuing regular institutional dialogue within the framework of OEWG suggest a permanent OEWG should be established, focusing on developing legally binding rules as elements of a future universal treaty on information security. They propose consensus-based decision-making and stricter rules for stakeholder participation.


DW Weekly #145 – 2 February 2024

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Dear readers,

OpenAI’s vs Italy’s Garante saga continues, as the data protection authority notifies OpenAI that ChatGPT is violating data protection rules. China approved 40 AI models in the last six months to rival the USA. The White House outlines key AI actions post-Biden’s order, and the UK plans tests for new AI laws. Elon Musk’s Neuralink implants a brain chip, pushing the boundaries of tech-human integration.

Germany and Namibia, serving as co-facilitators of the Summit of the Future, unveiled the zero draft of the Pact for the Future. Cybersecurity highlights of the week include the announcement of an OEWG roundtable on capacity building and the FBI thwarting Chinese hacks on critical infrastructure in the USA. 

Content concerns rise with Taylor Swift’s deepfakes. India joined the fight against deepfakes, emphasising the need for accountability from platforms hosting such content. Big Tech CEOs testified at a US Senate hearing over accusations of failing to take effective measures to protect children from harmful and CSAM content.

Amazon and Roomba iRobot cancelled a $1.4 billion deal due to EU antitrust concerns.

Let’s get started. 

Andrijana and the Digital Watch team


Highlights from the week of 26 January-2 February 2024

OpenAi and Microsoft
OpenAI’s ChatGPT faces scrutiny from Italian privacy watchdog
According to the authority, there are indications of violations of data privacy law. OpenAI has been granted a 30-day period to present its defence arguments in response to the allegations. Read more.
OpenAi and Microsoft
OpenAI’s ChatGPT faces scrutiny from Italian privacy watchdog
According to the authority, there are indications of violations of data privacy law. OpenAI has been granted a 30-day period to present its defence arguments in response to the allegations. Read more.
multi exposure abstract creative digital world map hologram chinese flag blue sky background research analytics concept
China approves over 40 AI models to narrow US development gap
Regulators granted approvals for 14 large language models (LLMs) last week after granting approvals in three precedent batches the previous year. Read more.
multi exposure abstract creative digital world map hologram chinese flag blue sky background research analytics concept
China approves over 40 AI models to narrow US development gap
Regulators granted approvals for 14 large language models (LLMs) last week after granting approvals in three precedent batches the previous year. Read more.
the united states capitol building in washington dc united states of america
White House releases fact sheet on key AI actions following Biden’s executive order
Three months after the release of President Biden’s highly anticipated executive order, the White House released a fact sheet with its key actions on AI. Read more.
the united states capitol building in washington dc united states of america
White House releases fact sheet on key AI actions following Biden’s executive order
Three months after the release of President Biden’s highly anticipated executive order, the White House released a fact sheet with its key actions on AI. Read more.
ai learning artificial intelligence concept 1
UK’s government to publish tests to determine new AI laws
The results of these tests could trigger legislative action to ensure the UK can keep pace with the risks of AI. Read more.
ai learning artificial intelligence concept 1
UK’s government to publish tests to determine new AI laws
The results of these tests could trigger legislative action to ensure the UK can keep pace with the risks of AI. Read more.
3d x ray human brain with computer chip circuit 1
Elon Musk’s Neuralink implants brain chip in human
Neuralink’s founder Elon Musk announced that the first human patient implanted with the brain-chip startup’s device on Sunday is recovering well, with promising initial results indicating neuron spike detection. Read more.
3d x ray human brain with computer chip circuit 1
Elon Musk’s Neuralink implants brain chip in human
Neuralink’s founder Elon Musk announced that the first human patient implanted with the brain-chip startup’s device on Sunday is recovering well, with promising initial results indicating neuron spike detection. Read more.

SoF
Germany and Namibia, co-facilitators of the Summit of the Future, publish zero draft of the Pact for the Future
The draft includes several provisions on science, technology and innovation, as well as new technologies and peace and security. Read more.
SoF
Germany and Namibia, co-facilitators of the Summit of the Future, publish zero draft of the Pact for the Future
The draft includes several provisions on science, technology and innovation, as well as new technologies and peace and security. Read more.
Screen Shot 2024 02 02 at 11.56.19
OECD releases the 2023 digital government index
The top 10 performers in the index include Korea, Denmark, the UK, Norway, Australia, Estonia, Colombia, Ireland, France, and Canada. Read more.
Screen Shot 2024 02 02 at 11.56.19
OECD releases the 2023 digital government index
The top 10 performers in the index include Korea, Denmark, the UK, Norway, Australia, Estonia, Colombia, Ireland, France, and Canada. Read more.

closeup shot of the waving flag of the united nations with interesting
UN OEWG Chair invites ICT ministers to Global roundtable on ICT security capacity building
This is the first time the UN is convening a dedicated global event on ICT security capacity building. Read more.
closeup shot of the waving flag of the united nations with interesting
UN OEWG Chair invites ICT ministers to Global roundtable on ICT security capacity building
This is the first time the UN is convening a dedicated global event on ICT security capacity building. Read more.
american and chinese flags diplomatic crisis concept
FBI and DoJ use court order to thwart Chinese hacking of critical infrastructure
This move is part of a broader government initiative to counter the persistent threat Chinese hackers pose. Read more.
american and chinese flags diplomatic crisis concept
FBI and DoJ use court order to thwart Chinese hacking of critical infrastructure
This move is part of a broader government initiative to counter the persistent threat Chinese hackers pose. Read more.
BIGTECH Hearing
Big Tech CEOs testify at US Senate hearing over online child sexual abuse 
CEOs of Meta (Mark Zuckerberg), X (Linda Yaccarino), TikTok (Shou Chew), Snap (Evan Spiegel) and Discord (Jason Citron), testified before Congress over accusations of failing to protect children from sexual exploitation online. Read more.
BIGTECH Hearing
Big Tech CEOs testify at US Senate hearing over online child sexual abuse 
CEOs of Meta (Mark Zuckerberg), X (Linda Yaccarino), TikTok (Shou Chew), Snap (Evan Spiegel) and Discord (Jason Citron), testified before Congress over accusations of failing to protect children from sexual exploitation online. Read more.

computer keyboard with red deepfake button key deepfake dangers online
Taylor Swift’s deepfakes spark calls for criminalisation of deepfake pornography
The rapid online spread of deepfake pornographic images of Taylor Swift has generated renewed calls to criminalise the practice. Read more.
computer keyboard with red deepfake button key deepfake dangers online
Taylor Swift’s deepfakes spark calls for criminalisation of deepfake pornography
The rapid online spread of deepfake pornographic images of Taylor Swift has generated renewed calls to criminalise the practice. Read more.
shutterstock 2289524003
India takes stand against deepfakes, platforms to be accountable
India is proactive in recognising and addressing the threat of deepfakes due to its large online population base, with approximately 870 million internet users. Read more.
shutterstock 2289524003
India takes stand against deepfakes, platforms to be accountable
India is proactive in recognising and addressing the threat of deepfakes due to its large online population base, with approximately 870 million internet users. Read more.
2022 concept business people show future big data technology metaverse through networking
Big Tech can earn enough in a week to cover 2023 fines, highlighting the need for stronger regulation
Proton, a Swiss-based privacy company, conducted a study indicating that if each company paid their fines sequentially, it would take a little over a week, with Meta requiring the longest—five days and 13 hours. Read more.
2022 concept business people show future big data technology metaverse through networking
Big Tech can earn enough in a week to cover 2023 fines, highlighting the need for stronger regulation
Proton, a Swiss-based privacy company, conducted a study indicating that if each company paid their fines sequentially, it would take a little over a week, with Meta requiring the longest—five days and 13 hours. Read more.

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Amazon and Roomba iRobot maker cancel $1.4 billion deal
Amazon and Roomba iRobot terminated their acquisition due to EU antitrust concerns. FTC also investigated Amazon for market dominance and antitrust violations. Read more.
rymh7ezpqrs
Amazon and Roomba iRobot maker cancel $1.4 billion deal
Amazon and Roomba iRobot terminated their acquisition due to EU antitrust concerns. FTC also investigated Amazon for market dominance and antitrust violations. Read more.


#ICYMI
 Blackboard, Light

As the curtains fall, it is time for reflections. The 9th Geneva Engage Awards on 1 February 2024 acknowledged and celebrated the efforts of International Geneva actors in digital outreach and creating meaningful engagement with the rest of the world. Through 3 pre-ceremony interactive workshops, communication experts from different stakeholder groups and Diplo’s researchers deliberated about good website information organisation practices, social media management, and the future of event and conference hosting. 

The evening then culminated in the award ceremony, with the International Committee of the Red Cross, the World Heart Federation, and the Permanent Mission of Pakistan to the UN in Geneva taking the crown in the main categories. The Effective and Innovative Events Award went to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development eWeek 2023 for its adoption of AI reporting system provided by DiploFoundation. The Accessibility Award went to the UK Mission to the WTO, UN and Other International Organisations (Geneva)

Congratulations to all the winners! To watch the recording or to learn about our methodology, please visit the dedicated website


#ReadingCorner
 Person, Security
Campaigns 144

Web accessibility is often misperceived as a cost rather than an investment, a challenge rather than an opportunity, and a legal hurdle rather than compliance with obligations that benefit all users. In her blog post, Diplo’s Senior Policy Editor Virginia (Ginger) Paque argues that we all need accessibility, to everything.

 Wristwatch, Advertisement, Body Part, Hand, Person, Arm, Baby, Accessories, Formal Wear, Tie

We watched the new Netflix documentary ‘Bitconned’ on cryptocurrency industry fraud. Diplo’s resident expert on crypto Arvin Kamberi analyses what were the ingredients to create such a perfect storm for victims.


Follow the Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime with GIP reports
 City, Architecture, Building, Office Building, Convention Center, Urban, Flag

Will the UN Ad Hoc Committee on Cybercrime stick to its plan and have the first global treaty on cybercrime? Stay tuned for real-time updates and just-in-time reporting facilitated by The Digital Watch Observatory’s AI-driven App!

DW Weekly #144 – 26 January 2024

 Page, Text

Dear readers,

In the realm of AI, the leaked consolidated text of the EU AI Act has stirred anticipation, with the European Commission set to establish the European AI Office for enforcement. Simultaneously, the US Federal Trade Commission’s inquiry into tech giants’ AI investments reflects growing concerns, while the launch of the National AI Research Resource demonstrates the nation’s commitment to advancing AI.

Cybersecurity concerns escalate with a massive database leak of over 26 billion records, and the UK NCSC warns of AI amplifying cyberattacks, projecting a $12 trillion cost by 2025.

E-waste is addressed through a new EU methodology, and internet access proves pivotal for development in Nigeria and Tanzania. A Spanish court recognised the hidden trauma of content moderators, shedding light on the human toll. Economically, Apple permits downloads outside the EU App Store with new fees, reshaping digital market dynamics.

Let’s get started.

The Digital Watch team


Highlights from the week of 19-26 January 2024

european parliament interior
EU AI Act consolidated text leaked online
On 22 January 2024, two unofficial versions of the consolidated text on the proposed EU Artificial Intelligence Act were disclosed online. Read more.
european parliament interior
EU AI Act consolidated text leaked online
On 22 January 2024, two unofficial versions of the consolidated text on the proposed EU Artificial Intelligence Act were disclosed online. Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission
European Commission to establish European AI Office for EU AI Act enforcement
The European Commission is set to launch the European Artificial Intelligence Office. The AI office will play a key role in developing and regulating AI in the EU. Read more.
eu flags in front of european commission
European Commission to establish European AI Office for EU AI Act enforcement
The European Commission is set to launch the European Artificial Intelligence Office. The AI office will play a key role in developing and regulating AI in the EU. Read more.
law and justice in united states of america
US Federal Trade Commission launches inquiry into tech giants’ AI investments
The inquiry aims to understand how these investments may alter the competitive landscape and whether they enable dominant firms to exert undue influence or gain unfair competitive advantage. Read more.
law and justice in united states of america
US Federal Trade Commission launches inquiry into tech giants’ AI investments
The inquiry aims to understand how these investments may alter the competitive landscape and whether they enable dominant firms to exert undue influence or gain unfair competitive advantage. Read more.
glitched united states of america flag in silhouette of usa map on abstract digital code background 3d illustration concept for national cyber security awareness safe internet and fraud attacks stockpack istock scaled
US launches National AI Research Resource
The National AI Research Resource (NAIRR) has been established as a pilot program in the US with the initiative to democratise AI research and provide public access to resources for aspiring AI scientists and engineers. Read more.
glitched united states of america flag in silhouette of usa map on abstract digital code background 3d illustration concept for national cyber security awareness safe internet and fraud attacks stockpack istock scaled
US launches National AI Research Resource
The National AI Research Resource (NAIRR) has been established as a pilot program in the US with the initiative to democratise AI research and provide public access to resources for aspiring AI scientists and engineers. Read more.
businesswoman with metaverse word cyberspace
Meta joins the tech giants’ race for AGI
Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg revealed that the company’s long-term vision is to develop AGI and make it open source to benefit all. Read more.
businesswoman with metaverse word cyberspace
Meta joins the tech giants’ race for AGI
Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg revealed that the company’s long-term vision is to develop AGI and make it open source to benefit all. Read more.

Cyber spy
Supermassive database leak reveals over 26 billion data records
This is likely the biggest data leak to date. Read more.
ai artificial intelligence concept robot hands typing on lit keyboard
UK NCSC: AI will escalate the frequency and impact of cyberattacks
The NCSC reveals the current use of AI in malicious activities and projecting a substantial increase in the frequency and impact of cyberattacks, particularly ransomware, in the short term. Read more.
ai artificial intelligence concept robot hands typing on lit keyboard
UK NCSC: AI will escalate the frequency and impact of cyberattacks
The NCSC reveals the current use of AI in malicious activities and projecting a substantial increase in the frequency and impact of cyberattacks, particularly ransomware, in the short term. Read more.
stark warning to beware of scams and phishing attempts
Cybercrime will cost $12 trillion by 2025, researchers claim
The researchers are particularly concerned about the escalating threat landscape surrounding AI. Read more.
stark warning to beware of scams and phishing attempts
Cybercrime will cost $12 trillion by 2025, researchers claim
The researchers are particularly concerned about the escalating threat landscape surrounding AI. Read more.

e waste electronic computer circuit cpu chip mainboard core processor electronics device
New EU methodology developed to measure e-waste
The CBS method may become the standard and be applied to calculate e-waste quantities for all European countries and potentially in other contexts. Read more.
e waste electronic computer circuit cpu chip mainboard core processor electronics device
New EU methodology developed to measure e-waste
The CBS method may become the standard and be applied to calculate e-waste quantities for all European countries and potentially in other contexts. Read more.

african man wearing virtual reality headset
Internet access drives development in Nigeria and Tanzania
According to the World Bank, improved access to internet coverage in Nigeria and Tanzania has led to a 7% reduction in extreme poverty. Read more.
african man wearing virtual reality headset
Internet access drives development in Nigeria and Tanzania
According to the World Bank, improved access to internet coverage in Nigeria and Tanzania has led to a 7% reduction in extreme poverty. Read more.

woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Meta internal documents reveal 100.000 daily instances of sexual harassment of children online
Meta faces allegations of exposing around 100,000 children to daily online sexual harassment on Facebook and Instagram, with internal documents revealing incidents, employee concerns, and a lawsuit by the New Mexico attorney general accusing the company of enabling child predators on its platforms Read more.
woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Meta internal documents reveal 100.000 daily instances of sexual harassment of children online
Meta faces allegations of exposing around 100,000 children to daily online sexual harassment on Facebook and Instagram, with internal documents revealing incidents, employee concerns, and a lawsuit by the New Mexico attorney general accusing the company of enabling child predators on its platforms Read more.


#ReadingCorner
double exposure creative human brain microcircuit with hand writing notepad background with laptop future technology ai concept

The second part of our three-part series on AI’s influence on intellectual property delves into the ramifications for trade secrets and trademarks within the legal frameworks of the EU and the USA.

 Art, Graphics, Nature, Outdoors, Sky, Person, Advertisement, Text, Water
Campaigns 170

The GIP Digital Watch Observatory provided coverage of the publicly broadcasted World Economic Forum 2024 sessions, focusing on discussions related to AI and digital technologies. We distilled all discussions into a cohesive form, encapsulating the essence through the lens of 7 key questions.

DW Weekly #143 – 19 January 2024

 Page, Text

Dear readers,

This week at the annual meeting of the world’s richest and most powerful in Davos, Switzerland, one of the main themes is AI, with notable leaders engaging in discussions at the World Economic Forum. With businesses and governments rushing to grasp the tech, this year’s meetings will provide a key opportunity to get more globally aligned on adoption and safety. 

Some highlights: UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned that big technology companies are recklessly pursuing profits from AI, and urgent action is needed to mitigate the risks from the rapidly growing sector. President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen called for European leadership in responsible AI adoption, focusing on leveraging talent, and industrial data, and providing startups access to supercomputers while making data available in all EU languages. Microsoft’s Satya Nadella urged attendees on a global regulatory approach to the technology but said he feels a ‘broad consensus’ is emerging on guardrails. OpenAI’s Sam Altman said it is essential to adapt an iterative deployment of AI systems, as this approach allows sufficient time for debate, regulation, and control over AI’s impact.

In other news, Australia plans to establish an advisory body for AI oversight and regulation, India enters the LLM race, and the IMF chief advocates for retraining amid AI-driven job changes. OpenAI addressed election misuse concerns, altering its policy. Baidu denied links to China’s military. China bypassed US restrictions on Nvidia chips, while South Korea boosted its industry with tax credits. ASEAN plans a region-wide digital economy agreement, and the UK regulator unveiled a new regime. Meta documents show 100,000 children daily facing harassment online. The French watchdog fined Yahoo! 10 million euros over cookie policy.


Highlights from the week of 15-19 January 2024

australia flag is depicted on the screen with the program code
Australia to establish an advisory body for AI oversight and regulation
Australia’s government has announced plans to establish an advisory body to address the risks posed by AI. The government also intend to introduce guidelines for technology companies to label and watermark content created by AI. Read more.
australia flag is depicted on the screen with the program code
Australia to establish an advisory body for AI oversight and regulation
Australia’s government has announced plans to establish an advisory body to address the risks posed by AI. The government also intend to introduce guidelines for technology companies to label and watermark content created by AI. Read more.
shutterstock 2291316119 scaled
India enters the LLM race with a Telugu model
Swecha, a movement committed to providing free, quality software across India, is on the verge of launching a chatbot created to tell Chandamama stories in Telugu language. Read more.
shutterstock 2291316119 scaled
India enters the LLM race with a Telugu model
Swecha, a movement committed to providing free, quality software across India, is on the verge of launching a chatbot created to tell Chandamama stories in Telugu language. Read more.
IMF7
IMF chief highlights the need for retraining and safety nets amid AI-driven job changes
AI could affect nearly 40% of jobs worldwide, leading to increased inequality, according to the International Monetary Fund. The IMF chief, Kristalina Georgieva, has called for governments to establish social safety nets and retraining programs to counter the negative impact of AI. Read more.
IMF7
IMF chief highlights the need for retraining and safety nets amid AI-driven job changes
AI could affect nearly 40% of jobs worldwide, leading to increased inequality, according to the International Monetary Fund. The IMF chief, Kristalina Georgieva, has called for governments to establish social safety nets and retraining programs to counter the negative impact of AI. Read more.
OpenAi
OpenAI addresses concerns over election misuse of AI
The company plans to make AI-generated images more obvious and is developing methods to identify modified content. Read more.
OpenAi
OpenAI addresses concerns over election misuse of AI
The company plans to make AI-generated images more obvious and is developing methods to identify modified content. Read more.
V 1 OpenAI
OpenAI alters usage policy, removes explicit ban on military use
The previous ban on ‘weapons development’ and ‘military and warfare’ applications has been replaced with a broader injunction not to ‘use our service to harm yourself or others.’ This change is part of a significant rewrite aimed at making the document ‘clearer’ and ‘more readable,’ according to OpenAI. Read more.
V 1 OpenAI
OpenAI alters usage policy, removes explicit ban on military use
The previous ban on ‘weapons development’ and ‘military and warfare’ applications has been replaced with a broader injunction not to ‘use our service to harm yourself or others.’ This change is part of a significant rewrite aimed at making the document ‘clearer’ and ‘more readable,’ according to OpenAI. Read more.
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Baidu denies links with Chinese military
The denial follows the citation of an academic paper by the South China Morning Post, indicating that the People’s Liberation Army cyberwarfare division had tested its AI system on Ernie and another AI chatbot. Read more.
2b194604 a015 4f51 bd9b cf039f92e74d
Baidu denies links with Chinese military
The denial follows the citation of an academic paper by the South China Morning Post, indicating that the People’s Liberation Army cyberwarfare division had tested its AI system on Ernie and another AI chatbot. Read more.

DALL%C2%B7E 2023 11 22 22.33.01 A photo realistic image representing a conceptual conflict in semiconductor technology between China and the United States. The image features a large
Chinese military manages to bypass US restrictions on Nvidia chips
Despite the US ban, China’s military and government have acquired Nvidia chips. The publicly available tender documents show that dozens of Chinese entities have purchased Nvidia’s A100 and H100 chips, which are widely used in AI applications. Read more.
DALL%C2%B7E 2023 11 22 22.33.01 A photo realistic image representing a conceptual conflict in semiconductor technology between China and the United States. The image features a large
Chinese military manages to bypass US restrictions on Nvidia chips
Despite the US ban, China’s military and government have acquired Nvidia chips. The publicly available tender documents show that dozens of Chinese entities have purchased Nvidia’s A100 and H100 chips, which are widely used in AI applications. Read more.
flag of south korea
South Korea to boost semiconductor industry with tax credit benefits
South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol plans to extend tax credits on heavy investments in the domestic semiconductor industry to boost employment and attract more talent. The government aims to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech sectors, including chips, displays, and batteries. Read more.
flag of south korea
South Korea to boost semiconductor industry with tax credit benefits
South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol plans to extend tax credits on heavy investments in the domestic semiconductor industry to boost employment and attract more talent. The government aims to enhance the competitiveness of high-tech sectors, including chips, displays, and batteries. Read more.

flags of southeast asia countries aec asean economic community
ASEAN set to introduce region-wide digital economy agreement
Despite ambitious aims for harmonisation, challenges loom due to socio-economic differences and diverse regulatory frameworks. Read more.
flags of southeast asia countries aec asean economic community
ASEAN set to introduce region-wide digital economy agreement
Despite ambitious aims for harmonisation, challenges loom due to socio-economic differences and diverse regulatory frameworks. Read more.
uk flag
UK competition regulator reveals plan to implement new digital markets regime
The new digital markets competition regime, is outlined in the UK’s Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers (DMCC) Bill. Read more.
uk flag
UK competition regulator reveals plan to implement new digital markets regime
The new digital markets competition regime, is outlined in the UK’s Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers (DMCC) Bill. Read more.

woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Meta internal documents reveal 100.000 daily instances of sexual harassment of children online
Meta faces allegations of exposing around 100,000 children to daily online sexual harassment on Facebook and Instagram, with internal documents revealing incidents, employee concerns, and a lawsuit by the New Mexico attorney general accusing the company of enabling child predators on its platforms Read more.
woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Meta internal documents reveal 100.000 daily instances of sexual harassment of children online
Meta faces allegations of exposing around 100,000 children to daily online sexual harassment on Facebook and Instagram, with internal documents revealing incidents, employee concerns, and a lawsuit by the New Mexico attorney general accusing the company of enabling child predators on its platforms Read more.

flag of france
French data protection authority imposed €10 million fine against Yahoo!
CNIL fined Yahoo €10 million for privacy breaches, citing failure to respect user cookie choices and lack of transparent withdrawal process. Investigations revealed non-compliance and advertising cookies without explicit consent. Read more.
flag of france
French data protection authority imposed €10 million fine against Yahoo!
CNIL fined Yahoo €10 million for privacy breaches, citing failure to respect user cookie choices and lack of transparent withdrawal process. Investigations revealed non-compliance and advertising cookies without explicit consent. Read more.

#ReadingCorner
 Art, Graphics, Nature, Night, Outdoors, Text, Pattern

Deloitte’s AI institute conducted a global survey involving 2,800 executives, revealing concerns about businesses’ readiness to handle generative AI more than a year after ChatGPT’s emergence. Executives with deeper AI knowledge express heightened worries about potential impacts, emphasising a need for greater organizational preparedness. The survey indicates gaps in skills readiness, governance, and risk management, with only a fraction feeling highly prepared. A significant knowledge gap exists in educating employees about AI, hindering successful integration.


#ICYMI: Reports from the WEF Annual meeting 2024
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AI and Digital @ WEF 2024 in Davos
The GIP Digital Watch Observatory provided coverage of the publicly broadcasted World Economic Forum 2024 sessions, focusing on discussions related to AI and digital technologies. Access detailed session reports powered by Diplo’s AI app, and stay tuned for the release of the Final Report next week!
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AI and Digital @ WEF 2024 in Davos
The GIP Digital Watch Observatory provided coverage of the publicly broadcasted World Economic Forum 2024 sessions, focusing on discussions related to AI and digital technologies. Access detailed session reports powered by Diplo’s AI app, and stay tuned for the release of the Final Report next week!

DW Weekly #142 – 15 January 2024

 Text, Paper, Page

Dear readers,

on 11 January, Microsoft briefly surpassed Apple in market valuation in years. AI and digital dynamics are picking up. There are calls for the protection of the intellectual property of texts, videos and sounds used for the development of AI foundation models such as OpenAI.

In the Council of Europe negotiations on Convention AI, the EU stood against the USA’s request that the convention does not apply to tech companies.

Content governance came into the focus with Türkiye’s constitutional court’s decision and numerous other decisions. World Economic Forum (WEF) highlighted AI-driven misinformation as an immediate threat to democracy and the environment.

This week’s focus will be on discussion in Davos at WEF 2024. Follow our updates.

Based on the survey results we sent out last week, you will receive the weekly digest on Friday afternoon instead of Monday evening.

Stay tuned!


Highlights from the week of 8-12 January 2024

Microsoft vs Apple
Microsoft temporarily surpasses Apple in market valuation
Microsoft’s stocks have experienced an upward trend in recent months, attributed to significant announcements in the field of AI.On the other hand, concerns regarding Apple’s iPhone sales resulted in a shift in the market value. Read more.
Microsoft vs Apple
Microsoft temporarily surpasses Apple in market valuation
Microsoft’s stocks have experienced an upward trend in recent months, attributed to significant announcements in the field of AI.On the other hand, concerns regarding Apple’s iPhone sales resulted in a shift in the market value. Read more.

artificial intelligence ai infographic illustration fantastic computer center
EU challenges US-led bid to exclude private sector from potential international AI treaty
The EU Commission opposes the US proposal, citing concerns about human rights protection in the private sector. Read more.
artificial intelligence ai infographic illustration fantastic computer center
EU challenges US-led bid to exclude private sector from potential international AI treaty
The EU Commission opposes the US proposal, citing concerns about human rights protection in the private sector. Read more.
artificial intelligence concept
Generative AI: concerns arise over peace, security, human rights, democracy, and climate action
Melissa Fleming, UN’s Under-Secretary-General for Global Communications, has expressed worry over generative AI, as it makes it difficult to distinguish between real and AI-generated content. Read more.
artificial intelligence concept
Generative AI: concerns arise over peace, security, human rights, democracy, and climate action
Melissa Fleming, UN’s Under-Secretary-General for Global Communications, has expressed worry over generative AI, as it makes it difficult to distinguish between real and AI-generated content. Read more.

newspapers
US media executives call for legislation on AI content compensation
The coalition of advocates implementing new laws mandating AI developers to compensate publishers for utilising their content. Read more.
newspapers
US media executives call for legislation on AI content compensation
The coalition of advocates implementing new laws mandating AI developers to compensate publishers for utilising their content. Read more.
double exposure creative artificial intelligence abbreviation hologram flag great britain blue sky background future technology ai concept
UK Government publishes response to AI and intellectual property concerns
UK Government responds to concerns on AI developers profiting from private intellectual property without sharing. Abandoning broad copyright exceptions, a detailed response is promised alongside the AI Regulation white paper and Cultural Education Plan. Read more.
double exposure creative artificial intelligence abbreviation hologram flag great britain blue sky background future technology ai concept
UK Government publishes response to AI and intellectual property concerns
UK Government responds to concerns on AI developers profiting from private intellectual property without sharing. Abandoning broad copyright exceptions, a detailed response is promised alongside the AI Regulation white paper and Cultural Education Plan. Read more.


Semiconductors Blog
What is driving ASML’s success in the semiconductor industry?
Firstly, the company has developed a network of suppliers and partners closely resembling Silicon Valley’s ecosystem. Read more.
Semiconductors Blog
What is driving ASML’s success in the semiconductor industry?
Firstly, the company has developed a network of suppliers and partners closely resembling Silicon Valley’s ecosystem. Read more.
nvidia dgx 2 open chassis YS
Nvidia to roll out new AI chip for China amid US export restrictions
The H20 chip is the most advanced of three China-focused chips produced by Nvidia to comply with the current export rules announced by the US government in October. Read more.
nvidia dgx 2 open chassis YS
Nvidia to roll out new AI chip for China amid US export restrictions
The H20 chip is the most advanced of three China-focused chips produced by Nvidia to comply with the current export rules announced by the US government in October. Read more.

ai brain intelligent ai technology digital graphic design electronics ai machine learning robot human brain science artificial intelligence technology innovation futuristic
Davos report marks AI misinformation as an immediate threat to democracy and environment
In its Global Risks Report, the organisation warns that technological advances are exacerbating the problem of misinformation and disinformation, highlighting the use of generative AI chatbots in creating manipulative synthetic content. Read more.
ai brain intelligent ai technology digital graphic design electronics ai machine learning robot human brain science artificial intelligence technology innovation futuristic
Davos report marks AI misinformation as an immediate threat to democracy and environment
In its Global Risks Report, the organisation warns that technological advances are exacerbating the problem of misinformation and disinformation, highlighting the use of generative AI chatbots in creating manipulative synthetic content. Read more.
ecuador
Violent videos emerge on X amid Ecuador’s ‘internal armed conflict’
Shortly after gunmen stormed a TV station, President Noboa issued a decree designating 20 drug trafficking gangs operating in the country as terrorist organisations. Read more.
ecuador
Violent videos emerge on X amid Ecuador’s ‘internal armed conflict’
Shortly after gunmen stormed a TV station, President Noboa issued a decree designating 20 drug trafficking gangs operating in the country as terrorist organisations. Read more.
content concept laptop screen scaled 1
Substack removes five newsletters amid criticism of Nazi content
The decision follows a review finding violations of Substack’s content rules, prompting a commitment to improve reporting tools. Read more.
content concept laptop screen scaled 1
Substack removes five newsletters amid criticism of Nazi content
The decision follows a review finding violations of Substack’s content rules, prompting a commitment to improve reporting tools. Read more.
woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Allegations against Meta: corporate ads on Facebook and Instagram linked to child exploitation content
The New Mexico attorney general’s lawsuit claims that Meta fails to prevent the exploitation of minors on its platforms, following The Guardian’s April investigation highlighting the company’s struggle in curbing child trafficking. Read more.
woman interacting with cell phone opening meta app 1
Allegations against Meta: corporate ads on Facebook and Instagram linked to child exploitation content
The New Mexico attorney general’s lawsuit claims that Meta fails to prevent the exploitation of minors on its platforms, following The Guardian’s April investigation highlighting the company’s struggle in curbing child trafficking. Read more.
turkey table flag on white textured wall
Türkiye’s constitutional court rules internet content-blocking provisions violate constitution
The Turkish Constitutional Court declared unconstitutional two amendments in the internet regulation law, stating they violated freedom of expression. Read more.
turkey table flag on white textured wall
Türkiye’s constitutional court rules internet content-blocking provisions violate constitution
The Turkish Constitutional Court declared unconstitutional two amendments in the internet regulation law, stating they violated freedom of expression. Read more.

waygsck20h8
Chinese tech company cracks encryption of Apple’s AirDrop
A Chinese tech company called Wangshendongjian Technology has successfully cracked the encryption around Apple’s AirDrop wireless file-sharing function, enabling them to identify users of the feature. The company helped… Read more.
waygsck20h8
Chinese tech company cracks encryption of Apple’s AirDrop
A Chinese tech company called Wangshendongjian Technology has successfully cracked the encryption around Apple’s AirDrop wireless file-sharing function, enabling them to identify users of the feature. The company helped… Read more.
price pump
The US SEC account on X was hacked and spread fake news that crashed crypto market
The official US Securities and Exchange Commission (US SEC) account on the X social network was hacked, and a fake message was posted that crashed the cryptocurrency market. Read more.
price pump
The US SEC account on X was hacked and spread fake news that crashed crypto market
The official US Securities and Exchange Commission (US SEC) account on the X social network was hacked, and a fake message was posted that crashed the cryptocurrency market. Read more.

#ReadingCorner
Human hand extends its index finger to touch the index finger of a robotic hand.

On 11 January, the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) issued a report on cyber diplomacy, which examines the activities of State, including the use of international agreements and forums, and evaluates the effectiveness of organizational changes in achieving cyber diplomacy goals.

GAO’s reports include three major challenges for the US cyber diplomacy: the lack of a universally agreed-upon definition of cyber diplomacy, clarifying the roles of different US agencies in this domain, and building capacity with individuals skilled in both technical cybersecurity issues and diplomacy.


This week: WEF Annual meeting 2024
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AI and Digital @ WEF 2024 in Davos
The GIP Digital Watch Observatory provided coverage of the publicly broadcasted World Economic Forum 2024 sessions, focusing on discussions related to AI and digital technologies. Access detailed session reports powered by Diplo’s AI app, and stay tuned for the release of the Final Report next week!
placeholder
AI and Digital @ WEF 2024 in Davos
The GIP Digital Watch Observatory provided coverage of the publicly broadcasted World Economic Forum 2024 sessions, focusing on discussions related to AI and digital technologies. Access detailed session reports powered by Diplo’s AI app, and stay tuned for the release of the Final Report next week!

DW Weekly #141 – 10 January 2024

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Dear readers,

Welcome back to the Digital Watch space! We wish you a prosperous and happy 2024!

In the coming weeks, we will fine-tune DW Digest to reflect the rapid changes in AI and the digital space. We’d love to know what you’d like to see in DW Digests. Would you prefer to receive it on Friday afternoon instead of Monday morning? Would you like to receive daily updates as well? Please take 2 minutes of your time to share your suggestions for the future of DW Digest.

The first weekly digest in 2024 is released at the beginning of yet another year of high uncertainties. As we discussed in our AI and digital predictions for 2024, broader geopolitical and societal tensions, ranging from China-USA relations to a series of major elections around the world, will have a significant impact on the tech sector. The main question is whether AI and digital technology will alleviate or exacerbate societal polycrisis.

The first week of the year provided a glimpse into AI governance, with OpenAI responding to the New York Times’ lawsuit and Italy’s G7 presidency prioritising AI and Africa.

Since the beginning of the year, new developments have included online safety for children and teenagers, semiconductor geopolitics, and cybersecurity.

We invite you to join 2024 AI and digital predictions event on 11 January.

E-see you soon!

Digital Watch Team


Artificial Intelligence (AI)

OpenAI responded to The New York Times’ copyright lawsuit, defending its use of copyrighted material in AI development. The company argued that LLMs cannot be created without using copyrighted materials. OpenAI also intends to shift data of its European customers to Ireland as ‘a GDPR-friendly jurisdiction’.

The US Securities and Exchange Commission ruled against Apple’s and Disney’s attempts to avoid shareholder votes on the companies’ uses of AI, after a labour groups requested reports on such uses. This decision represents a significant step towards increased corporate transparency and responsibility in AI applications.

Africa and AI will be top priorities for Italy’s G7 presidency. This initiative reflects a strategic approach to addressing global challenges, with a focus on the role of AI in international relations and development.


Semiconductors

On 1 January 2024, new restrictions for export of semiconductors manufacturing equipment came into the force in the Netherlands. The Dutch government partially revoked an export license that was allowing ASML, a leading manufacturer of the semiconductor equipment, to ship some of its equipment to China.


Cybersecurity

As the Russian-Ukraine war has escalated since the start of 2024, Russian hackers targeted Ukraine’s largest telecom provider.


legal advice and counseling for digital technologies laws business and intellectual property

AI is now available for judges in England and Wales to aid in crafting legal rulings, with the caveat that its use is restricted to assisting in writing legal opinions…

chatgpt chat with ai artificial intelligence woman chatting with smart ai artificial intelligence using artificial intelligence chatbot developed by openai scaled

OpenAI stands by the crucial role of copyrighted material in advancing AI like ChatGPT. Facing legal heat, the company underscores the necessity of this content for modern AI models.

OpenAi

ChatGPT’s owner, OpenAI, has responded to a copyright lawsuit by The New York Times, stating that the case is ‘without merit’ and expressing its hope for a partnership with the…

3d render artificial intelligence logo deep learning blockchain neural network concept generative ai

The AI sector in 2024 is at a crossroads with existing copyright laws, particularly in the US. The legal system’s reaction to these challenges will be critical in striking the…

internet access and technology on mobile

Governments across the globe continue to use internet censorship to address internet-related challenges.

a large amount of electronic waste stockpack istock scaled

The projects aim to address extreme heat-related deaths and battery waste management in Tamil Nadu. The Minister will highlight the strong UK-India trade partnership and explore opportunities for collaboration in…

electric vehicle charging station point

The new directive issued by China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) on 4 January demands the development of preliminary technical standards to guide the integration of new energy vehicles…

children use laptop learning online

The law, effective from January 15, under the Social Media Parental Notification Act, aims to ensure the well-being of youth mental health and provide parents with greater authority over their…

robber wearing black hoodie against digitally generated russian national flag

The attack, attributed to the Russian military intelligence cyberwarfare unit Sandworm, disrupted Kyivstar’s services, with over 24.3 million customers losing phone reception.

G7 and AI

Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni outlined Italy’s G7 priorities, emphasising support for African development and addressing AI challenges.

moscow russia october 22 2021 smartphone with google applications against background google site open browser

Google has started testing changes to its Chrome browser that disable third-party cookies, initially made available to 1% of global users.

waygsck20h8

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) ruled against Apple and Disney’s attempts to exclude shareholder votes on AI proposed by the AFL-CIO labor group. AFL-CIO had requested transparency on…


History of Diplomacy and Technology COVER EB 1 copy
History of Diplomacy and Technology: From Smoke Signals to Artificial Intelligence – Diplo Resource
‘History of Diplomacy and Technology’ remind us that every ‘latest’ technology has promised to transform diplomacy. Some changes occurred, but the essence of diplomacy remained constant: the peaceful resolution of… Read more
History of Diplomacy and Technology COVER EB 1 copy
History of Diplomacy and Technology: From Smoke Signals to Artificial Intelligence – Diplo Resource
‘History of Diplomacy and Technology’ remind us that every ‘latest’ technology has promised to transform diplomacy. Some changes occurred, but the essence of diplomacy remained constant: the peaceful resolution of… Read more