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Google proposes a balanced approach to AI governance in the US

Google has published a policy paper proposing a two-track approach to AI governance in the United States, separating oversight of frontier AI models from rules for widely deployed AI applications.

The paper argues that AI policy should avoid what Google describes as a false choice between over-regulation and no regulation. Instead, the company calls for a pragmatic, evidence-based framework that treats the most advanced AI systems differently from everyday AI tools such as chatbots.

For frontier AI, Google proposes the creation of a Frontier AI Regulatory Organisation, or FARO. The industry-funded body would operate under federal oversight and develop standards for safety, security, incident reporting and transparency.

Google says FARO could set scientific benchmarks for frontier capabilities, particularly in areas such as cybersecurity and chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear risks. It could also oversee independent audits and require frontier AI companies to publish and follow safety frameworks before releasing highly capable models.

For widely deployed AI applications, Google argues that the federal government should rely mainly on existing legal frameworks, with targeted updates where needed. The paper says policy should focus on real-world harms and outputs rather than micromanaging AI development.

The company identifies several priority areas, including workforce preparedness, child safety, information integrity, copyright, privacy and energy infrastructure for data centres.

Google supports measures such as AI interaction guidelines for children, disclosures that chatbots are not sentient, rules for self-harm-related queries, watermarking and provenance standards for generative AI, privacy-enhancing technologies and workforce reskilling.

The paper presents the model as a way to address national security and consumer protection risks while preserving US leadership in AI development.

Why does it matter?

Google’s paper is a significant industry intervention in the US AI policy debate. Its two-track model reflects a broader governance trend: frontier AI is increasingly being treated as a national security and safety issue, while everyday AI applications are being handled through consumer protection, child safety, privacy, copyright and labour policy. The proposal could influence federal discussions, but it also reflects Google’s own regulatory preferences, including industry-funded oversight, confidential audit reports and reliance on existing law for many AI applications.

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Google launches Gemini for Science AI research tools

Google has introduced Gemini for Science, a collection of AI experiments and tools designed to support scientific discovery across research fields.

The initiative includes three experimental tools on Google Labs. Hypothesis Generation, built with Co-Scientist, helps researchers define research challenges, generate hypotheses and evaluate them through a multi-agent process. Google said the tool uses an ‘idea tournament’ in which agents generate, debate and assess possible research directions, with claims supported by clickable citations.

Computational Discovery, built with AlphaEvolve and Empirical Research Assistance, is designed to generate and score large numbers of code variations in parallel. Google said the prototype could help scientists test modelling approaches in areas such as solar forecasting and epidemiology.

Literature Insights, built with NotebookLM, searches scientific literature and organises results into structured tables for side-by-side analysis. Researchers can use it to identify research gaps, synthesise findings across papers and create outputs such as reports, slide decks and audio or video overviews.

Google said access to the experiments will open gradually through Google Labs. The company is also bringing related capabilities to enterprise organisations through Google Cloud, with partners testing tools for pharmaceutical research, crop science, supply chain optimisation and work linked to the US Department of Energy’s Genesis Mission.

As part of Gemini for Science, Google is also launching Science Skills, a bundle that integrates more than 30 life science databases and tools, including UniProt, the AlphaFold Database, AlphaGenome API and InterPro. Google said the tools can support workflows such as structural bioinformatics and genomic analysis on agentic platforms such as Google Antigravity.

The company said it is working with more than 100 institutions to validate its scientific AI systems and has created a trusted tester community that includes PhD students, industry researchers and Nobel laureates.

The launch shows how major AI developers are moving from specialised scientific models towards broader agentic tools that support hypothesis generation, literature analysis and computational testing.

Why does it matter?

Gemini for Science points to a wider shift in AI-assisted research: AI systems are moving beyond literature search or single-task modelling towards multi-step scientific workflows. Such tools help researchers navigate large bodies of literature, test computational ideas faster and identify new hypotheses. But their value will depend on evidence quality, reproducibility, peer review and clear limits around what AI-generated scientific suggestions can and cannot prove.

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Google expands financial ad verification across EU and EEA

Google has announced the expansion of its financial services advertiser verification programme to every country in the EU and European Economic Area, extending requirements aimed at reducing fraudulent financial advertising.

The rollout will cover 24 additional countries and builds on an existing programme already active in six EU member states and the United Kingdom.

Under the programme, advertisers seeking to promote financial products or services must complete an additional verification process showing that the relevant national regulator authorises them. Google said it will check credentials against official registries across the EU and EEA.

The requirements will be introduced in phases. Businesses will have 30 days to complete the process after notification, and unverified advertisers will have their financial services ads restricted until verification is completed.

Google said the additional requirements build on its wider advertiser identity verification programme, which it says already covers more than 98% of ads seen across the EU. The company also said its systems blocked or removed more than 1.6 billion ads in the EU last year.

The expansion comes amid continuing concern over online financial scams, including fraudulent ads that impersonate legitimate financial services providers or promote misleading investment products.

Why does it matter?

Financial scams increasingly rely on digital advertising to reach consumers at scale. Google’s expansion adds another gatekeeping layer for financial advertisers across Europe by linking ad eligibility to authorisation in official regulatory registers. The measure also shows how large platforms are being pushed, by regulators and reputational pressure, to take more responsibility for the trustworthiness of high-risk advertising categories such as finance.

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Los Angeles AI arts museum Dataland opens with Google Cloud support

Dataland, a Los Angeles museum dedicated to AI-based art, has opened to the public with Google serving as a technology and creative collaborator.

The museum was co-founded by media artist Refik Anadol and Efsun Erkılıç and is located at The Grand LA in downtown Los Angeles. Google says the 25,000-square-foot space is designed as an interactive environment where data, machine learning and sensory experiences form part of the artwork.

Its inaugural exhibition, ‘Machine Dreams: Rainforest’, uses Anadol’s Large Nature Model, an AI system trained on environmental datasets, to transform natural-world data into large-scale generative visuals.

Google Cloud provides infrastructure for the museum’s real-time image generation, soundscapes, scent augmentation and interactive visitor experiences. Google says the system uses tools including Gemini, diffusion models and generative adversarial networks.

The project builds on a decade of collaboration between Google and Anadol, including work using LA Philharmonic archives, Google Quantum AI data, planetary datasets and the ‘Machine Dreams: Biophilia’ installation at Google’s Mountain View campus.

Google Arts & Culture is also supporting the Dataland AI Artist Residency, a six-month programme for four artists. The residency will provide grants, mentorship from Refik Anadol Studio and access to Google Cloud tools and machine learning models.

Why does it matter?

Dataland shows how AI art is moving from experimental installations into permanent cultural infrastructure. It also highlights the role of cloud providers and large AI platforms in shaping creative production, exhibition design and access to machine-learning tools. For cultural institutions, the project raises broader questions about authorship, data provenance, sustainability, audience interaction and the dependence of new creative formats on private technology infrastructure.

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Google Cloud urges changes to EU tech sovereignty plans

Google Cloud has urged EU policymakers to revise parts of the European Commission’s Tech Sovereignty Package, arguing that some proposed cloud sovereignty measures could unintentionally isolate the European digital market.

In a policy statement, Giorgia Abeltino, Head of Government Affairs and Public Policy for Google Cloud in EMEA, said Europe requires significant investment in digital infrastructure to strengthen competitiveness, security and technological sovereignty. She said the EU is considering how to expand its digital footprint across chips, cloud adoption, and AI data infrastructure.

Google Cloud said it supports the Commission’s emphasis on openness, partnerships and fair competition, particularly measures aimed at interoperability and reducing vendor lock-in. It welcomed measures on interoperability, efforts to address vendor lock-in, an open source strategy for the public sector, and faster data centre deployment.

However, the company said certain elements of the proposed Cloud and AI Development Act should be changed to avoid unintended market isolation. Google Cloud said trusted global partners should be able to continue supporting Europe’s security and scaling goals under an open framework.

The company said its vision of technological sovereignty is based on verifiable technical controls, customer choice and continued investment in European digital infrastructure. It pointed to its sovereign cloud services, including standard public cloud configurations with European data boundaries, independently operated regional cloud services, and air-gapped solutions for sensitive public-sector operations.

Google Cloud also highlighted partnerships with European companies, including S3NS in France; Thales, Schwarz Group, and T-Systems in Germany; PSN in Italy; Clarence in Luxembourg; and Telefónica in Spain. It said these partnerships support operational resilience and jurisdictional controls under existing national tech sovereignty frameworks.

The company said the S3NS offering in France has been qualified under SecNumCloud 3.2. It also said Clarence and S3NS, together with Mistral, offer services approved by the EU Directorate-General for Digital Services for use by EU institutions with sovereign cloud needs.

Google Cloud also raised concerns about the proposed Union Assurance Levels within the Cloud and AI Development Act. It said harmonising sovereignty criteria across Member States is useful, but argued that the proposed criteria could limit or exclude global providers regardless of the security safeguards they offer.

The company said EU rules should allow technical approaches to sovereign control rather than relying too heavily on geographic criteria. The company cited its Cloud External Key Manager as an example of a technical sovereignty mechanism that allows customers to retain control of encryption keys outside Google’s infrastructure.

Google Cloud also called for the Cloud and AI Development Act to follow a more balanced approach similar to the proposed Industrial Accelerator Act. The company said trusted non-EU partners should be able to operate as EU-origin under clear conditions, backed by trade rules and safeguards.

The company also backed the package’s goal of promoting interoperability and reducing vendor lock-in. It said tech sovereignty should increase user choice and argued for reforms allowing users to move software licences freely, ensuring fair pricing for legacy software, and guaranteeing that software runs equally well on any cloud platform.

Google Cloud said physical compute infrastructure is central to digital tech sovereignty. It welcomed the ambitions of Chips Act 2.0 and the proposed €30 billion investment in European semiconductor research and development, but said Europe also needs regulatory conditions that attract large-scale compute infrastructure investment.

The company said it operates 13 European cloud regions and has recently invested in Germany, Belgium, and Sweden. It welcomed proposed special project status for data infrastructure projects to streamline permitting, grid access, and power purchase agreements.

Google Cloud said fast-track permitting should prioritise highly sustainable infrastructure projects. It also called for national sustainability criteria to align with the upcoming EU-wide rating scheme and said acceleration zones should not artificially restrict where new data centres can be built.

The company said Europe has an opportunity to build a resilient, competitive and open digital future. It said global innovation and European values can be advanced together through open source software, sovereign cloud partnerships and collaboration with European policymakers and regional partners.

Why does it matter?

The debate highlights a central challenge in Europe’s digital policy agenda: how to strengthen technological sovereignty without undermining openness, competition and access to global innovation. As the EU seeks greater control over critical digital infrastructure, cloud services and AI capabilities, policymakers must decide whether sovereignty should be defined primarily by ownership and geography or by technical safeguards and operational control.

The outcome could have significant implications for the future European cloud and AI market. Rules governing sovereign cloud services, data infrastructure and assurance standards will influence investment decisions, public-sector procurement, competition among providers and Europe’s ability to develop advanced AI capabilities. The discussion also reflects broader tensions between strategic autonomy and international technology partnerships that are increasingly shaping digital policy worldwide.

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Swiss parliament weighs AI apps in media copyright bill

Swiss lawmakers want the government to examine whether AI applications should be covered by a media copyright bill that would require online services to compensate publishers for displaying extracts from newspaper articles.

The Swiss Senate unanimously referred the media copyright bill and related rights bill back to the federal government on Wednesday. The House of Representatives had already approved the request in March by 157 votes to 29, with two abstentions, making the decision final.

The media copyright bill aims to require online platforms, including search engines and social media services, to pay copyright fees for displaying extracts of journalistic content. Swiss lawmakers now want the government to consider how AI applications should be treated under the proposal.

The federal government has been asked to examine how AI is changing the way platforms and search engines operate and what those changes mean for the proposed legislation. The review could determine whether AI services that display or reuse extracts from news articles should also compensate publishers.

Current Swiss rules do not provide specific protection for snippets and thumbnails, including short text extracts or images produced as part of journalistic work. As a result, online services have so far not paid remuneration to media companies for using this type of content.

The renewed review reflects growing concern that AI tools could reshape how users access news and how journalistic material is reused online. It also expands an existing debate over search engines, social media platforms and publisher compensation to include AI-powered services.

Why does it matter?

The review reflects growing international concern about how AI systems use and display journalistic content. As AI-powered search tools, chatbots and assistants increasingly become gateways to information, policymakers are questioning whether existing copyright frameworks adequately compensate publishers whose content helps power these services.

The Swiss debate also highlights a broader challenge facing governments worldwide: balancing innovation in AI with the economic sustainability of journalism. Decisions on whether AI services should pay for snippets, summaries or other reused content could influence future relationships between publishers, digital platforms and AI developers.

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Google DeepMind launches robotics accelerator for European startups

Google DeepMind has launched a three-month robotics accelerator for early-stage startups across Europe, offering technical mentorship, product guidance and access to AI tools, including Gemini robotics models.

The first cohort includes 15 companies working on robotics and embodied AI applications in sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, construction, healthcare, waste sorting, marine robotics and industrial automation. The selected founders began the programme in London this week.

According to Google, the accelerator is intended to help startups integrate advanced AI capabilities into physical systems and turn robotics research into deployable products. Participants will receive support from Google DeepMind and Google experts, as well as access to technical resources and partner networks.

The selected companies are developing technologies ranging from robotic welding and construction systems to autonomous underwater robots, neurosurgical microrobots, humanoid systems, robotic sensing and industrial AI tools.

The programme reflects growing commercial interest in embodied AI, where advances in language, vision and action models are being applied to machines that operate in physical environments.

Why does it matter?

Robotics is becoming an important test case for how advanced AI moves from digital tools into physical systems. As foundation models are integrated into manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, construction and infrastructure, questions around safety, reliability, liability, labour impact and deployment standards will become more important. Google DeepMind’s accelerator is not a regulatory development, but it signals growing industry investment in Europe’s embodied AI ecosystem.

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Google highlights rising online scam threats

Google has warned that online scams remain a major global challenge, citing estimates that fraud losses could reach nearly $580 billion in 2025.

In its latest fraud and scams advisory, the company said phishing attacks are becoming more sophisticated, with criminals using adversary-in-the-middle techniques and QR code phishing, also known as quishing, to steal credentials and bypass security measures.

The advisory also highlighted risks linked to cryptocurrency investment scams, malicious finance applications and police impersonation schemes. According to Google, scammers are using AI, social engineering and trusted digital services to deceive users, obtain money and collect sensitive information.

Google said its Trust & Safety teams are using AI tools, predictive analytics and policy enforcement to detect and disrupt fraudulent activity across its services. The company also pointed to measures such as stronger protections for session cookies, enforcement against deceptive crypto ads, monitoring of post-installation app behaviour and developer identity verification for apps installed on certified Android devices.

The company urged users to be cautious of unsolicited communications, unrealistic investment promises, unexpected QR codes and requests for personal or financial information.

Why does it matter?

The advisory shows how online fraud is becoming a cross-platform governance problem rather than a narrow cybersecurity issue. Scams now rely on trusted cloud services, mobile apps, messaging platforms, crypto infrastructure and impersonation of public authorities. That creates pressure on major technology companies to strengthen detection, app accountability and policy enforcement, while raising broader questions about consumer protection, platform responsibility and digital trust.

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UK CMA targets AI search content use in new Google conduct requirements

The UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has imposed a new conduct requirement on Google Search under the country’s digital markets competition regime. The measure is designed to give publishers greater control over how their content is used and to improve transparency for users.

Under the new requirement, publishers will be able to prevent their content from being used in Google’s AI-powered search features, including AI Overviews. The CMA said the measure is intended to strengthen publishers’ ability to negotiate content licensing and usage agreements with Google.

Google will also be required to provide clearer attribution for publisher content used in AI-generated search results through prominently visible links. Following consultation feedback, publishers will also be able to opt out of having their content used to fine-tune Google’s AI models.

The CMA said it will continue monitoring Google’s AI-related changes to search and may introduce additional measures if competition concerns persist. Google will have up to nine months to implement the requirements and must publish regular compliance reports as the rollout progresses in the UK.

Why does it matter?

The decision highlights growing regulatory scrutiny of how AI-powered search systems use third-party content. As search engines increasingly generate answers directly within search results, publishers have raised concerns about attribution, traffic losses and the use of their content for AI training.

The UK’s approach could influence broader debates about the relationship between AI platforms, publishers and competition policy, particularly as regulators seek to balance innovation with transparency and fair commercial practices.

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Google says AI Mode surpasses one billion monthly users

Google said its AI Mode feature has surpassed one billion monthly active users globally. The figures were published in a company blog post marking one year since the feature’s launch.

According to Google, AI Mode query volumes have more than doubled each quarter since launch. Google described AI Mode as combining traditional search functions with conversational AI interactions.

The company also reported increasing use of voice and image-based search features in the United States. Google said image-based searches and planning-related AI Mode queries have grown significantly in recent months.

The company also highlighted growth in exploratory and idea-oriented search queries. The update was released ahead of Google I/O 2026 and reflects Google’s broader focus on AI-integrated search experiences.

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