EU

EU expands network of AI Factories

The European Commission has announced the addition of six new AI Factories, increasing the total to 19 facilities across 16 Member States.

The new centres in the Czech Republic, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Romania, Spain, and Poland will give startups, SMEs, and industry access to AI-optimised supercomputers and support.

The expansion is backed by over €500 million in joint investment from the EU and Member States, bringing the total funding for the AI Factories and Antennas initiative to more than €2.6 billion. The investments aim to boost Europe’s supercomputing capacity and speed up AI adoption in key sectors.

AI Factory Antennas will provide national AI communities with secure remote access to supercomputing resources alongside the factories. The initiative backs the EU’s AI Continent Action Plan and complements AI Gigafactories for developing and training advanced AI models.

By expanding infrastructure and expertise, the EU aims to position itself as a global leader in AI, fostering innovation, competitiveness, and adoption of AI across both industry and the public sector.

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Age verification and online safety dominate EU ministers’ Horsens meeting

EU digital ministers are meeting in Horsens on 9–10 October to improve the protection of minors online. Age verification, child protection, and digital sovereignty are at the top of the agenda under the Danish EU Presidency.

The Informal Council Meeting on Telecommunications is hosted by the Ministry of Digital Affairs of Denmark and chaired by Caroline Stage. European Commission Executive Vice-President Henna Virkkunen is also attending to support discussions on shared priorities.

Ministers are considering measures to prevent children from accessing age-inappropriate platforms and reduce exposure to harmful features like addictive designs and adult content. Stronger safeguards across digital services are being discussed.

The talks also focus on Europe’s technological independence. Ministers aim to enhance the EU’s digital competitiveness and sovereignty while setting a clear direction ahead of the Commission’s upcoming Digital Fairness Act proposal.

A joint declaration, ‘The Jutland Declaration’, is expected as an outcome. It will highlight the need for stronger EU-level measures and effective age verification to create a safer online environment for children.

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OpenAI joins dialogue with the EU on fair and transparent AI development

The US AI company, OpenAI, has met with the European Commission to discuss competition in the rapidly expanding AI sector.

A meeting focused on how large technology firms such as Apple, Microsoft and Google shape access to digital markets through their operating systems, app stores and search engines.

During the discussion, OpenAI highlighted that such platforms significantly influence how users and developers engage with AI services.

The company encouraged regulators to ensure that innovation and consumer choice remain priorities as the industry grows, noting that collaboration between major and minor players can help maintain a balanced ecosystem.

An issue arises as OpenAI continues to partner with several leading technology companies. Microsoft, a key investor, has integrated ChatGPT into Windows 11’s Copilot, while Apple recently added ChatGPT support to Siri as part of its Apple Intelligence features.

Therefore, OpenAI’s engagement with regulators is part of a broader dialogue about maintaining open and competitive markets while fostering cooperation across the industry.

Although the European Commission has not announced any new investigations, the meeting reflects ongoing efforts to understand how AI platforms interact within the broader digital economy.

OpenAI and other stakeholders are expected to continue contributing to discussions to ensure transparency, fairness and sustainable growth in the AI ecosystem.

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European Commission launches Apply AI and AI in Science strategies

Countries are racing to harness AI, and the European Commission has unveiled two strategies to maintain Europe’s competitiveness. Apply AI targets faster adoption across industries and the public sector, while AI in Science focuses on boosting Europe’s research leadership.

Commission President Ursula von der Leyen stated that Europe must shape AI’s future by balancing innovation and safety. The European Commission is mobilising €1 billion to boost adoption in healthcare, manufacturing, energy, defence, and culture, while supporting SMEs.

Measures include creating AI-powered screening centres for healthcare, backing frontier models, and upgrading testing infrastructure. An Apply AI Alliance will unite industry, academia, civil society, and public bodies to coordinate action, while an AI Observatory will monitor sector trends and impacts.

The AI in Science Strategy centres on RAISE, a new virtual institute to pool and coordinate resources for applying AI in research. Investments include €600 million in compute power through Horizon Europe and €58 million for talent networks, alongside plans to double annual AI research funding to over €3 billion.

The EU aims to position itself as a global hub for trustworthy and innovative AI by linking infrastructure, data, skills, and investment. Upcoming events, such as the AI in Science Summit in Copenhagen, will showcase new initiatives as Europe pushes to translate its AI ambitions into tangible outcomes.

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No breakthrough in EU debate over chat scanning

EU negotiations over the controversial ‘chat control’ proposal have once again failed to reach a breakthrough, leaving the future of the plan uncertain. The European Commission’s three-year-old proposal aims to curb the spread of child sexual abuse material by allowing authorities to require chat services to screen messages before they are encrypted.

Critics, however, warn that such measures would undermine privacy and amount to state surveillance of private communications.

Under the plan, chat services could only be ordered to scan messages after approval from a judicial authority, and the system would target known child abuse images stored in databases. Text-based messages would not be monitored, according to the Danish EU presidency, which insists that sufficient safeguards are in place.

Despite those assurances, several member states remain unconvinced. Germany has yet to reach a unified position, with Justice Minister Stefanie Hubig stressing that ‘chat control without cause must be taboo in a rule of law.’

Belgium, too, continues to deliberate, with Interior Minister Bernard Quintin calling for a ‘balanced and proportional’ approach between privacy protection and child safety.

The debate remains deeply divisive across Europe, as lawmakers and citizens grapple with a difficult question. How to effectively combat online child abuse without sacrificing the right to private communication?

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Policy hackathon shapes OpenAI proposals ahead of EU AI strategy

OpenAI has published 20 policy proposals to speed up AI adoption across the EU. Released shortly before the European Commission’s Apply AI Strategy, the report outlines practical steps for member states, businesses, and the public sector to bridge the gap between ambition and deployment.

The proposals originate from Hacktivate AI, a Brussels hackathon with 65 participants from EU institutions, governments, industry, and academia. They focus on workforce retraining, SME support, regulatory harmonisation, and public sector collaboration, highlighting OpenAI’s growing policy role in Europe.

Key ideas include Individual AI Learning Accounts to support workers, an AI Champions Network to mobilise SMEs, and a European GovAI Hub to share resources with public institutions. OpenAI’s Martin Signoux said the goal was to bridge the divide between strategy and action.

Europe already represents a major market for OpenAI tools, with widespread use among developers and enterprises, including Sanofi, Parloa, and Pigment. Yet adoption remains uneven, with IT and finance leading, manufacturing catching up, and other sectors lagging behind, exposing a widening digital divide.

The European Commission is expected to unveil its Apply AI Strategy within days. OpenAI’s proposals act as a direct contribution to the policy debate, complementing previous initiatives such as its EU Economic Blueprint and partnerships with governments in Germany and Greece.

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EU digital laws simplified by CEPS Task Force to boost innovation

The Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) Task Force, titled ‘Next Steps for EU Law and Regulation for the Digital World’, aims to refine and simplify the EU’s digital rulebook.

This rulebook now covers key legislation, including the Digital Markets Act (DMA), Digital Services Act (DSA), GDPR, Data Act, AI Act, Data Governance Act (DGA), and Cyber Resilience Act (CRA).

While these laws position Europe as a global leader in digital regulation, they also create complexity, overlaps, and legal uncertainty.

The Task Force focuses on enhancing coherence, efficiency, and consistency across digital acts while maintaining strong protections for consumers and businesses.

The CEPS Task Force emphasises targeted reforms to reduce compliance burdens, especially for SMEs, and strengthen safeguards.

It also promotes procedural improvements, including robust impact assessments, independent ex-post evaluations, and the adoption of RegTech solutions to streamline compliance and make regulation more adaptive.

Between November 2025 and January 2026, the Task Force will hold four workshops addressing: alignment of the DMA with competition law, fine-tuning the DSA, improving data governance, enhancing GDPR trust, and ensuring AI Act coherence.

The findings will be published in a Final Report in March 2026, outlining a simpler, more agile EU digital regulatory framework that fosters innovation, reduces regulatory burdens, and upholds Europe’s values.

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OpenAI backs policy push for Europe’s AI uptake

OpenAI and Allied for Startups have released Hacktivate AI, a set of 20 ideas to speed up AI adoption across Europe ahead of the Commission’s Apply AI Strategy.

The report emerged from a Brussels policy hackathon with 65 participants from EU bodies, governments, enterprises and startups, proposing measures such as an Individual AI Learning Account, an AI Champions Network for SMEs, a European GovAI Hub and relentless harmonisation.

OpenAI highlights strong European demand and uneven workplace uptake, citing sector gaps and the need for targeted support, while pointing to initiatives like OpenAI Academy to widen skills.

Broader policy momentum is building, with the EU preparing an Apply AI Strategy to boost homegrown tools and cut dependencies, reinforcing the push for practical deployment across public services and industry.

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A new AI strategy by the EU to cut reliance on the US and China

The EU is preparing to unveil a new strategy to reduce reliance on American and Chinese technology by accelerating the growth of homegrown AI.

The ‘Apply AI strategy’, set to be presented by the EU tech chief Henna Virkkunen, positions AI as a strategic asset essential for the bloc’s competitiveness, security and resilience.

According to draft documents, the plan will prioritise adopting European-made AI tools across healthcare, defence and manufacturing.

Public administrations are expected to play a central role by integrating open-source EU AI systems, providing a market for local start-ups and reducing dependence on foreign platforms. The Commission has pledged €1bn from existing financing programmes to support the initiative.

Brussels has warned that foreign control of the ‘AI stack’ (the hardware and software that underpin advanced systems) could be ‘weaponised’ by state and non-state actors.

These concerns have intensified following Europe’s continued dependence on American tech infrastructure. Meanwhile, China’s rapid progress in AI has further raised fears that the Union risks losing influence in shaping the technology’s future.

Several high-potential AI firms have already been hosted by the EU, including France’s Mistral and Germany’s Helsing. However, they rely heavily on overseas suppliers for software, hardware, and critical minerals.

The Commission wants to accelerate the deployment of European AI-enabled defence tools, such as command-and-control systems, which remain dependent on NATO and US providers. The strategy also outlines investment in sovereign frontier models for areas like space defence.

President Ursula von der Leyen said the bloc aims to ‘speed up AI adoption across the board’ to ensure it does not miss the transformative wave.

Brussels hopes to carve out a more substantial global role in the next phase of technological competition by reframing AI as an industrial sovereignty and security instrument.

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EU kicks off cybersecurity awareness campaign against phishing threats

European Cybersecurity Month (ECSM) 2025 has kicked off, with this year’s campaign centring on the growing threat of phishing attacks.

The initiative, driven by the EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) and the European Commission, seeks to raise awareness and provide practical guidance to European citizens and organisations.

Phishing is still the primary vector through which threat actors launch social engineering attacks. However, this year’s ECSM materials expand the scope to include variants like SMS phishing (smishing), QR code phishing (quishing), voice phishing (vishing), and business email compromise (BEC).

ENISA warns that as of early 2025, over 80 percent of observed social engineering activity involves using AI in their campaigns, in which language models enable more convincing and scalable scams.

To support the campaign, a variety of tiers of actors, from individual citizens to large organisations, are encouraged to engage in training, simulations, awareness sessions and public outreach under the banner #ThinkB4UClick.

A cross-institutional kick-off event is also scheduled, bringing together the EU institutions, member states and civil society to align messaging and launch coordinated activities.

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