The Second Cairo Forum brought together experts to assess how AI, global shifts, and economic pressures are shaping MENA. Speakers said the region faces a critical moment as new technologies accelerate. The discussion asked whether MENA will help shape AI or simply adopt it.
Participants highlighted global divides, warning that data misuse and concentrated control remain major risks. They argued that middle-income countries can collaborate to build shared standards. Several speakers urged innovation-friendly regulation supported by clear safety rules.
Officials from Egypt outlined national efforts to embed AI across health, agriculture, and justice. They described progress through applied projects and new governance structures. Limited data access and talent retention were identified as continuing obstacles.
Industry voices stressed that trust, transparency, and skills must underpin the use of AI. They emphasised co-creation that fits regional languages and contexts. Training and governance frameworks were seen as essential for responsible deployment.
Closing remarks warned that rapid advances demand urgent decisions. Speakers said safety investment lags behind development, and global competition is intensifying. They agreed that today’s choices will shape the region’s AI future.
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Chinese AI company DeepSeek has unveiled Math-V2, the first open-source AI model to achieve gold-level performance at the International Mathematical Olympiad.
The system, now available on GitHub and Hugging Face, allows developers to modify and deploy the model under a permissive license freely.
Math-V2 also excelled in the 2024 Chinese Mathematical Olympiad, demonstrating advanced reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. Unlike many AI systems, it features a self-verification process that enables it to check solutions even for problems without known answers.
The launch comes as US AI leaders, such as Google DeepMind and OpenAI, have achieved similar milestones with their proprietary models.
Open access to Math-V2 could democratise advanced mathematical tools, potentially accelerating scientific research and development globally.
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Italian defence company Leonardo has revealed plans for the ‘Michelangelo Dome’, an AI-powered shield designed to protect cities and critical infrastructure from missile attacks and drone swarms. The system will integrate multiple defence platforms and is expected to be fully operational by the end of the decade.
The project follows a surge in European defence spending amid geopolitical tensions and uncertainty over US support.
Leonardo’s CEO, Roberto Cingolani, highlighted the system’s open architecture, allowing compatibility with other nations’ defence networks and emphasising the need for innovation and international cooperation.
European defence companies are increasingly investing in integrated command systems rather than standalone hardware.
Private investors are also backing startups developing autonomous and AI-driven defence technologies, creating competition for traditional primes such as Leonardo, BAE Systems, Rheinmetall, and Thales.
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Meta has faced criticism after numerous consumers reported being misled by companies using AI-generated adverts on Facebook and Instagram. The firms posed as UK businesses while shipping cheap goods from Asia, prompting claims that scams were ‘running rampant’ on the platforms.
Victims were persuaded by realistic adverts and AI-generated images but received poorly made clothing and jewellery. Several companies, including C’est La Vie, Mabel & Daisy, Harrison & Hayes, and Chester & Clare, were removed after investigations revealed fabricated backstories and fake shopfronts.
Consumer guides recommend vigilance, advising shoppers to check company websites, reviews, and use Trustpilot to verify legitimacy. Experts warn that overly perfect images, including AI-generated shopfronts or models, may signal fraudulent adverts.
Platforms such as Facebook and Instagram are urged to enforce stricter measures to prevent scams.
Meta stated it works with Stop Scams UK and encourages users to report suspicious adverts, while the Advertising Standards Authority continues to crack down on misleading online promotions.
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A key player is emerging in China’s AI chip market with Baidu’s Kunlunxin unit stepping in to fill the gap left by Nvidia due to US export restrictions.
The company plans a five-year roadmap for AI chips, beginning with the M100 in 2026 and the M300 in 2027, while already using its chips to run ERNIE AI models.
Strong domestic demand and shortages of AI chips among Chinese tech giants, such as Alibaba and Tencent, have created an opportunity for Baidu.
The company sells chips to third parties and rents computing capacity via its cloud, presenting itself as a full-stack AI provider with integrated infrastructure, models, and applications.
Analysts predict explosive growth for Baidu’s AI chip business, with sales expected to increase sixfold to 8 billion yuan ($1.1 billion) by 2026. Industry experts highlight that the timely delivery of competitive Kunlun chip generations could make Baidu a strategic supplier to the rest of China’s AI ecosystem.
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Spar Switzerland has advanced retail crypto adoption by adding Bitcoin and over 100 digital assets to its mobile app. On-chain QR payments now replace third-party processors, following earlier pilots with the Lightning Network and Binance Pay.
Supportive national regulations continue to make Switzerland one of the most active retail environments for crypto payments. Merchants across the country have increasingly embraced digital assets, encouraged by clear legal frameworks and a population already familiar with fintech services.
The update follows previous pilots involving the Lightning Network and Binance Pay that began in 2025. Lessons from those trials helped shape Spar’s shift towards a fully integrated on-chain payment system.
Industry analysts view the expansion as a strong signal of growing consumer demand for flexible payment options. Broader access in major retail chains often accelerates mainstream adoption and encourages users and businesses to engage more confidently with the crypto economy.
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Axian Group has entered a strategic partnership with Mastercard to expand digital payment services across its mobile network markets. The collaboration covers virtual and physical cards under the Mixx and MVola brands. Both companies say the tools will enable safer, faster cross-border payments.
Consumers will activate and top up virtual cards via the Mixx and MVola apps in markets such as Madagascar and the Comoros. Axian says real-time monitoring features will simplify international transactions. The rollout is designed to broaden financial access through mobile channels.
Axian’s fintech lead, Erwan Gelebart, says the initiative will help SMEs and entrepreneurs in Senegal and Togo adopt secure mobile-payment tools. He argues the partnership strengthens local digital ecosystems. Mastercard sees the cooperation as part of wider financial-inclusion efforts.
Mastercard executive Mete Guney says the collaboration will expand secure digital-payment infrastructure in Tanzania and neighbouring regions. He says new services aim to improve how people pay and get paid. The companies plan phased deployment as demand grows.
Axian rebranded its mobile units to Yas in 2024 across Madagascar, Comoros, Senegal, Togo and Tanzania. Its financial services arms now operate as Mixx by Yas. The new merchant and card tools build on this unified-market strategy.
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KT has partnered with DigitalBridge to build new AI data centres in Korea and abroad. The agreement was signed in Seoul amid growing demand for high-performance computing. Both companies aim to expand into fast-developing regional AI markets.
DigitalBridge brings global data centre and cloud expertise, backed by significant investment capacity. KT says the partnership will boost national AI competitiveness and support expansion plans. Work will cover facility design, operations and improved network connectivity.
Engineers will optimise AI workloads for training and inference across industrial sectors. The partners plan to stabilise high-load systems and streamline data flow. Enterprise and telecom uses are expected to benefit directly.
Energy efficiency is a core priority for advanced AI facilities. KT and DigitalBridge will research cooling improvements and power-saving methods. Both companies frame sustainability as essential for long-term competitiveness.
KT says the collaboration strengthens ambitions for regional AI infrastructure within Korea. Analysts view the move as an effort to secure GPUs and expand capacity. The project aims to position Korea as a key AI data-centre hub.
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Coupang disclosed a major data breach on 30 November 2025 that exposed 33.7 million customer accounts. The leaked data includes names, email addresses, phone numbers, shipping addresses and some order history but excludes payment or login credentials.
The company said it first detected unauthorised access on 18 November. Subsequent investigations revealed that attacks likely began on 24 June through overseas servers and may involve a former employee’s still-active authentication key.
South Korean authorities launched an emergency probe to determine if Coupang violated data-protection laws. The government warned customers to stay alert to phishing and fraud attempts using the leaked information.
Cybersecurity experts say the breach may be one of the worst personal-data leaks in Korean history. Critics claim the incident underlines deep structural weaknesses in corporate cybersecurity practices.
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FIDReC recorded 4,355 claims in FY2024/2025, marking its highest volume in twenty years and a sharp rise from the previous year. Scam activity and broader dispute growth across financial institutions contributed to the increase. Greater public awareness of the centre’s role also drove more filings.
Fraud and scam disputes climbed to 1,285 cases, up more than 50% and accounting for nearly half of all claims. FIDReC accepted 2,646 claims for handling, with early resolution procedures reducing formal caseload growth. The phased approach encourages direct negotiation between consumers and providers.
Chief Executive Eunice Chua said rising claim volumes reflect fast-evolving financial risks and increasingly complex products. National indicators show similar pressures, with Singapore ranked second globally for payment card scams. Insurance fraud reports also continued to grow during the year.
Compromised credentials accounted for most scam-related cases, often involving unauthorised withdrawals or card charges. Consumers reported incidents without knowing how their details were obtained. The share of such complaints rose markedly compared with the previous year.
Banks added safeguards on large digital withdrawals as part of wider anti-scam measures. Regulators introduced cooling-off periods, stronger information sharing and closer monitoring of suspicious activity. Authorities say the goal is to limit exposure to scams and reinforce public confidence.
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