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Gulf states reframe AI as the ‘new oil’ in post‑petroleum push

Gulf states are actively redefining national strategy by embracing AI as a cornerstone of post-oil modernization. Saudi Arabia, through its AI platform Humain, a subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund, has committed state resources to build core infrastructure and develop Arabic multimodal models. Concurrently, the UAE is funding its $100 billion MGX initiative and supporting projects like G42 and the Falcon open-source model from Abu Dhabi’s Technology Innovation Institute.

Economic rationale underpins this ambition. Observers suggest that broad AI adoption across GCC sectors, including energy, healthcare, aviation, and government services, could add as much as $150 billion to regional GDP. Yet, concerns persist around workforce limitations, regulatory maturation, and geopolitical complications tied to supply chain dependencies.

Interest in AI has also reached geopolitical levels. Gulf leaders have struck partnerships with US firms to secure advanced AI chips and infrastructure, as seen during high-profile agreements with Nvidia, AMD, and Amazon. Critics caution that hosting major data centres in geopolitically volatile zones introduces physical and strategic risks, especially in contexts of rising regional tension.

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DW Weekly #223 – AI race heats: The US AI Action Plan, China’s push for a global AI cooperation organisation, and the EU’s regulatory response

25 July – 1 August 2025

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Dear readers,

Over the past week, the White House has launched a sweeping AI initiative through its new publication Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan, an ambitious strategy to dominate global AI leadership by promoting open-source technology and streamlining regulatory frameworks. America’s ‘open-source gambit’, analysed in detail by Dr Jovan Kurbalija in Diplo’s blog, signals a significant shift in digital policy, intending to democratise AI innovation to outpace competitors, particularly China.

Supporting this bold direction, major tech giants have endorsed President Trump’s AI deregulation plans, despite widespread public concerns regarding potential societal impacts. Trump’s policies notably include an explicit push for ‘anti-woke’ AI frameworks within US government contracts, raising contentious debates about the ideological neutrality and ethical implications of AI systems in governance.

In parallel, China has responded with its own global AI governance plan, proposing the establishment of an international AI cooperation organisation to enhance worldwide coordination and standard-setting. Thus, it is not hard to conclude that there is an escalating AI governance competition between the two technological superpowers, each advocating distinctly different visions for the future of global AI development.

On the multilateral stage, the UN’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) adopted a resolution: ‘Assessment of the progress made in the implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society’, through the Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD), reaffirming commitments to implement the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).

Corporate strategies have also reflected these geopolitical undercurrents. Samsung Electronics has announced a landmark $16.5 billion chip manufacturing deal with Tesla, generating optimism about Samsung’s capability to revive its semiconductor foundry business. Yet, execution risks remain substantial, prompting Samsung’s Chairman Jay Y. Lee to promptly travel to Washington to solidify bilateral trade relations and secure the company’s position amid potential trade tensions.

Similarly, Nvidia has placed a strategic order for 300,000 chipsets from Taiwanese giant TSMC, driven by robust Chinese demand and shifting US trade policies.

Meanwhile, the EU has intensified regulatory scrutiny, accusing e-commerce platform Temu of failing mandatory Digital Services Act (DSA) checks, citing serious risks related to counterfeit and unsafe goods.

In the USA, similar scrutiny arose as Senator Maggie Hassan urged Elon Musk to take decisive action against Southeast Asian criminal groups using Starlink services to defraud American citizens.

Finally, the EU’s landmark AI Act commenced its implementation phase this week, despite considerable pushback from tech firms concerned about regulatory compliance burdens.

Diplo Blog – The open-source gambit: How America plans to outpace AI rivals by democratising tech

Jovan Kurbalija

On 23 July, the US unveiled an AI Action Plan featuring 103 recommendations focused on winning the AI race against China. Key themes include promoting open-source AI to establish global standards, reducing regulations to support tech firms, and emphasising national security. The plan addresses labour displacement, AI biases, and cybersecurity threats, advocating for reskilling workers and maintaining tech leadership through private sector flexibility. Additionally, it aims to align US allies within an AI framework while expressing scepticism toward multilateral regulations. Overall, the plan positions open-source AI as a strategic asset amid geopolitical competition. Read the full blog!

For the main updates, reflections and events, consult the RADAR, the READING CORNER and the UPCOMING EVENTS section below.

Join us as we connect the dots, from daily updates to main weekly developments, to bring you a clear, engaging monthly snapshot of worldwide digital trends.

DW Team

RADAR

Highlights from the week of 25 July – 1 August 2025

Free VPN use surges in UK after online safety law

But worries rise as many free VPNs exploit users or carry hidden malware

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Australia reverses its stance and restricts YouTube for children under 16

From December, YouTube must block accounts for Australians under 16 or face massive fines.

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Aeroflot cyberattack cripples Russian flights in major breach

Belarusian and Ukrainian hackers claim responsibility for strategic cyber sabotage of Aeroflot.

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NATO highlights cyber vulnerabilities in European ports

A NATO policy brief warns that civilian ports across Europe face increasing cyber threats from state-linked actors and calls for updated maritime strategies to strengthen cybersecurity and civil–military coordination.

Italy investigates Meta over AI integration in WhatsApp

AGCM says Meta may have harmed competition by embedding AI features into WhatsApp.

Google backs EU AI Code but warns against slowing innovation

The EU AI Code could add €1.4 trillion to Europe’s economy, Google says.

US stablecoin supply jumps $4 billion after new crypto laws

Tether and Circle dominate the fiat-backed stablecoin market, now valued at over $227 billion combined.

EU clears Microsoft deal after privacy changes

Brussels updates Microsoft terms to curb risky data transfers

Teachers and students warn: AI is eroding engagement

AI use in schools is weakening the connection between students and teachers by permitting students to bypass genuine effort through shortcuts.

Employee depression rising amid AI burnout and job insecurity

Use of AI surveillance, including monitoring software, intensifies burnout, micromanagement feelings, and disengagement.

Big companies grapple with AI’s legal, security, and reputational threats

A majority of Fortune 500 companies now mention AI in their annual reports as a risk factor instead of citing its benefits.

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Crypto hacks soar in 2025 as security gaps widen

The platforms lost more than $3.1 billion in the first half of 2025, with AI-powered hacks and phishing scams leading the surge.

AI reshaping the US labour market

AI jobs now span marketing, finance, and HR—not just tech.

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AI and quantum tech reshape global business

Google and Microsoft lead investment in advanced AI and quantum infrastructure.

View all updates

READING CORNER

BLOG featured image 2025 The open source gambit

The open-source gambit: How America plans to outpace AI rivals by democratising tech – Diplo

On 23 July, the US unveiled an AI Action Plan featuring 103 recommendations focused on winning the AI race against China. Key themes include promoting open-source AI to establish global standards, reducing regulations to support tech firms, and emphasising national security.

ChatGPT Image Jul 28 2025 at 10 13 23 PM

How are we being tracked online?

Tracking technologies shape our online experience in often invisible ways, yet profoundly impactful, raising important questions about transparency, control, and accountability in the digital age.

Concerns grow over children’s use of AI chatbots

The growing use of AI chatbots and companions among children has raised safety concerns, with experts warning of inadequate protections and potential emotional risks.

Often not designed for young users, these apps lack sufficient age verification and moderation features, making them vulnerable spaces for children. The eSafety Commissioner noted that many children are spending hours daily with AI companions, sometimes discussing topics like mental health and sex.

Studies in Australia and the UK show high engagement, with many young users viewing the chatbots as real friends and sources of emotional advice.

Experts, including Professor Tama Leaver, warn that these systems are manipulative by design, built to keep users engaged without guaranteeing appropriate or truthful responses.

Despite the concerns, initiatives like Day of AI Australia promote digital literacy to help young people understand and navigate such technologies critically.

Organisations like UNICEF say AI could offer significant educational benefits if applied safely. However, they stress that Australia must take childhood digital safety more seriously as AI rapidly reshapes how young people interact, learn and socialise.

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NHS trial shows AI app halves treatment delays

An AI-powered physiotherapy app has significantly reduced NHS back pain treatment waiting lists in Cambridgeshire and Peterborough by 55%.

The trial, run by Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust, diverted 2,500 clinician hours to more complex cases while offering digital care to routine patients.

The app assesses musculoskeletal (MSK) pain through questions and provides personalised video-guided exercises. It became the first AI physiotherapy tool regulated by the Care Quality Commission and is credited with cutting average MSK wait times from 18 to under 10 weeks.

Patients like Annys Bossom, who initially doubted its effectiveness, found the tool more engaging and valuable than traditional paper instructions.

Data showed that 98% of participants were treated and discharged digitally, while only 2% needed a face-to-face referral.

With growing demand and staff shortages in NHS MSK services, physiotherapists and developers say the technology offers scalable support.

Experts emphasise the need for human oversight and public trust as AI continues to play a larger role in UK healthcare.

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OpenAI annual revenue doubles to 12 billion

OpenAI has doubled its revenue in the first seven months of 2025, reaching an annualised run rate of about $12 billion.

Surging demand for both consumer ChatGPT products and enterprise-level AI services is the main driver for this rapid growth.

Weekly active users of ChatGPT have soared to approximately 700 million, reflecting the platform’s expanding global reach and wide penetration.

At the same time, costs have risen sharply, with cash burn projected around $8 billion in 2025, up from previous estimates.

OpenAI is preparing to release its next-generation AI model GPT‑5 in early August, underscoring its focus on innovation to maintain leadership in the AI market.

Despite growing competition from rival firms like DeepSeek, OpenAI remains confident that its technological edge and expanding product portfolio will sustain momentum.

Financial projections suggest potential revenue of $11 billion this year, with continued expansion into enterprise services.

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AI cloaking helps hackers dodge browser defences

Cybercriminals increasingly use AI-powered cloaking tools to bypass browser security systems and trick users into visiting scam websites.

These tools conceal malicious content from automated scanners, showing it only to human visitors, making it harder to detect phishing attacks and malware delivery.

Platforms such as Hoax Tech and JS Click Cloaker are being used to filter web traffic and serve fake pages to victims while hiding them from security systems.

The AI behind these services analyses a visitor’s browser, location, and behaviour before deciding which version of a site to display.

Known as white page and black page cloaking, the technique shows harmless content to detection tools and harmful pages to real users. However, this allows fraudulent sites to live longer, boosting the effectiveness and lifespan of cyberattacks.

Experts warn that cloaking is no longer a fringe method but a core part of cybercrime, now available as a commercial service. As these tactics grow more sophisticated, the pressure increases on browser developers to improve detection and protect users more effectively.

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Google rolls out AI age detection to protect teen users

In a move aimed at enhancing online protections for minors, Google has started rolling out a machine learning-based age estimation system for signed-in users in the United States.

The new system uses AI to identify users who are likely under the age of 18, with the goal of providing age-appropriate digital experiences and strengthening privacy safeguards.

Initially deployed to a small number of users, the system is part of Google’s broader initiative to align its platforms with the evolving needs of children and teenagers growing up in a digitally saturated world.

‘Children today are growing up with technology, not growing into it like previous generations. So we’re working directly with experts and educators to help you set boundaries and use technology in a way that’s right for your family,’ the company explained in a statement.

The system builds on changes first previewed earlier this year and reflects Google’s ongoing efforts to comply with regulatory expectations and public demand for better youth safety online.

Once a user is flagged by the AI as likely underage, Google will introduce a range of restrictions—most notably in advertising, content recommendation, and data usage.

According to the company, users identified as minors will have personalised advertising disabled and will be shielded from ad categories deemed sensitive. These protections will be enforced across Google’s entire advertising ecosystem, including AdSense, AdMob, and Ad Manager.

The company’s publishing partners were informed via email this week that no action will be required on their part, as the changes will be implemented automatically.

Google’s blog post titled ‘Ensuring a safer online experience for US kids and teens’ explains that its machine learning model estimates age based on behavioural signals, such as search history and video viewing patterns.

If a user is mistakenly flagged or wishes to confirm their age, Google will offer verification tools, including the option to upload a government-issued ID or submit a selfie.

The company stressed that the system is designed to respect user privacy and does not involve collecting new types of data. Instead, it aims to build a privacy-preserving infrastructure that supports responsible content delivery while minimising third-party data sharing.

Beyond advertising, the new protections extend into other parts of the user experience. For those flagged as minors, Google will disable Timeline location tracking in Google Maps and also add digital well-being features on YouTube, such as break reminders and bedtime prompts.

Google will also tweak recommendation algorithms to avoid promoting repetitive content on YouTube, and restrict access to adult-rated applications in the Play Store for flagged minors.

The initiative is not Google’s first foray into child safety technology. The company already offers Family Link for parental controls and YouTube Kids as a tailored platform for younger audiences.

However, the deployment of automated age estimation reflects a more systemic approach, using AI to enforce real-time, scalable safety measures. Google maintains that these updates are part of a long-term investment in user safety, digital literacy, and curating age-appropriate content.

Similar initiatives have already been tested in international markets, and the company announces it will closely monitor the US rollout before considering broader implementation.

‘This is just one part of our broader commitment to online safety for young users and families,’ the blog post reads. ‘We’ve continually invested in technology, policies, and literacy resources to better protect kids and teens across our platforms.’

Nonetheless, the programme is likely to attract scrutiny. Critics may question the accuracy of AI-powered age detection and whether the measures strike the right balance between safety, privacy, and personal autonomy — or risk overstepping.

Some parents and privacy advocates may also raise concerns about the level of visibility and control families will have over how children are identified and managed by the system.

As public pressure grows for tech firms to take greater responsibility in protecting vulnerable users, Google’s rollout may signal the beginning of a new industry standard.

The shift towards AI-based age assurance reflects a growing consensus that digital platforms must proactively mitigate risks for young users through smarter, more adaptive technologies.

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Microsoft’s Cloud and AI strategy lifts revenue beyond expectations

Microsoft has reported better-than-expected results for the fourth quarter of its 2025 fiscal year, attributing much of its success to the continued expansion of its cloud services and the integration of AI.

‘Cloud and AI are the driving force of business transformation across every industry and sector,’ said Satya Nadella, Microsoft’s chairman and chief executive, in a statement on Wednesday.

For the first time, Nadella disclosed annual revenue figures for Microsoft Azure, the company’s cloud computing platform. Azure generated more than $75 billion in the fiscal year ending 30 June, representing a 34 percent increase compared to the previous year.

Nadella noted that this growth was ‘driven by growth across all workloads’, including those powered by AI. On average, Azure contributed approximately $19 billion in revenue per quarter.

While this trails Amazon Web Services (AWS), which posted net sales of $29 billion in the first quarter alone, Azure remains a strong second in the cloud market. Google Cloud, by comparison, has an annual run rate of $50 billion, according to parent company Alphabet’s Q2 2025 earnings report.

‘We continue to lead the AI infrastructure wave and took share each quarter this year,’ Nadella told investors during the company’s earnings call.

However, he did not provide specific figures showing how AI factored into the results, a point of interest for financial analysts given Microsoft’s projected $80 billion in capital expenditures this fiscal year to support AI-related data centre expansion.

During the call, Bernstein Research senior analyst Mark Moerdler asked how businesses might ultimately monetise AI as a software service.

Nadella responded with a broad comparison to the cloud business, suggesting the two were now deeply connected. It was left to CFO Amy Hood to offer a more structured explanation.

‘There’s a per-user logic,’ Hood explained. ‘There are tiers of per-user. Sometimes those tiers relate to consumption. Sometimes there are pure consumption models. I think you’ll continue to see a blending of these, especially as the AI model capability grows.’

In essence, Microsoft intends to monetise AI in a manner similar to its traditional software offerings—charging either per user, by usage tier, or based on consumption.

With AI now embedded across Microsoft’s portfolio of products and services, the company appears to be positioning itself to keep attributing more of its revenue to AI-powered innovation.

The numbers suggest there is plenty of revenue to go around. Microsoft posted $76.4 billion in revenue for the quarter, up 18 percent compared to the same period last year.

Operating income stood at $34.3 billion (up 23 percent), with net income reaching $27.2 billion (up 24 percent). Earnings per share climbed 24 percent to $3.65.

For the full fiscal year, Microsoft reported $281.7 billion in revenue—an increase of 15 percent. Operating income rose to $128.5 billion (up 17 percent), while net income hit $101.8 billion (up 16 percent). Annual earnings per share reached $13.64, also up by 16 percent.

Azure forms part of Microsoft’s Intelligent Cloud division, which generated $29.9 billion in quarterly revenue, a 26 percent year-on-year increase.

The Productivity and Business Processes group, which includes Microsoft 365, LinkedIn, and Dynamics, managed to earn $33.1 billion, upping its revenue by 16 percent. Meanwhile, the More Personal Computing segment, covering Windows, Xbox, and advertising, grew nine percent to $13.5 billion.

Despite some concerns among analysts regarding Microsoft’s significant capital spending and the ambiguous short-term returns on AI investments, investor confidence remains strong.

Microsoft’s share price jumped roughly eight percent after the earnings announcement, pushing its market capitalisation above $4 trillion in after-hours trading. It became only the second company, after Nvidia, to cross that symbolic threshold.

Market observers noted that while questions remain over the precise monetisation of AI, Microsoft’s aggressive positioning in cloud infrastructure and AI services has clearly resonated with shareholders.

With AI now woven into the company’s strategic fabric, Microsoft appears determined to maintain its lead in the next phase of enterprise computing.

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Taiwan university launches smart farming lab

A new AI-powered agriculture lab in southern Taiwan has opened at the National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. The facility has cutting-edge sensors and automation systems to boost innovative farming capabilities.

Funded by a donation from Taiwan Hipoint, the lab enables real-time monitoring of crop conditions and automated adjustments to growing environments. The AI system analyses sensor and image data to optimise greenhouse conditions and detect early signs of pests or diseases.

Specialised chambers inside the lab simulate various environmental conditions, helping researchers identify ideal settings for plant growth. University staff say the technology is expected to play a crucial role in making agriculture more precise and resource-efficient.

The university also hosted a hands-on greenhouse training camp and showcased its innovations at a major food expo. Located near key research centres, the university aims to become Taiwan’s leading hub for agricultural technology and innovation.

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Australian companies unite cybersecurity defences to combat AI threats

Australian companies are increasingly adopting unified, cloud-based cybersecurity systems as AI reshapes both threats and defences.

A new report from global research firm ISG reveals that many enterprises are shifting away from fragmented, uncoordinated tools and instead opting for centralised platforms that can better detect and counter sophisticated AI-driven attacks.

The rapid rise of generative AI has introduced new risks, including deepfakes, voice cloning and misinformation campaigns targeting elections and public health.

In response, organisations are reinforcing identity protections and integrating AI into their security operations to improve both speed and efficiency. These tools also help offset a growing shortage of cybersecurity professionals.

After a rushed move to the cloud during the pandemic, many businesses retained outdated perimeter-focused security systems. Now, firms are switching to cloud-first strategies that target vulnerabilities at endpoints and prevent misconfigurations instead of relying on legacy solutions.

By reducing overlap in systems like identity management and threat detection, businesses are streamlining defences for better resilience.

ISG also notes a shift in how companies choose cybersecurity providers. Firms like IBM, PwC, Deloitte and Accenture are seen as leaders in the Australian market, while companies such as TCS and AC3 have been flagged as rising stars.

The report further highlights growing demands for compliance and data retention, signalling a broader national effort to enhance cyber readiness across industries.

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