Development

Pro-crypto Scott Bessent confirmed as US Treasury Secretary

The US Senate has confirmed billionaire hedge fund manager Scott Bessent as the next Treasury Secretary, marking a significant step for fiscal policy and financial regulation under Donald Trump’s administration. The confirmation, decided by a 68 to 29 vote on 27 January, saw bipartisan support, with 16 Democrats backing the nomination.

Bessent is a vocal supporter of Trump’s economic strategy, which includes renewing $4 trillion in expiring tax cuts, imposing tariffs, and boosting oil production. During his confirmation hearing, he criticised the government’s ‘out of control’ spending, aligning with Trump’s stance on fiscal responsibility. As Treasury Secretary, Bessent will influence tax collection, the $28 trillion Treasury debt market, and international financial matters.

Known for his pro-crypto views, Bessent has openly opposed the creation of a central bank digital currency (CBDC), describing it as unnecessary for the US. He emphasised that such measures are often adopted by countries with limited investment options or economic constraints. Bessent’s stance aligns with Trump’s executive order to form a governmental group on crypto policy, which will also include AI and crypto czar David Sacks and the chairs of the SEC and CFTC.

Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse praised Bessent’s appointment, expressing confidence in his ability to enact policies that support innovation in technology and crypto. With a strong pro-crypto outlook, Bessent’s leadership could shape the direction of the US financial system amidst evolving global trends.

Will DeepSeek rise strenghten open-source AI in the United States?

DeepSeek, a Chinese AI company, is rapidly transforming the global artificial intelligence landscape. The models’ standout feature is their open-source nature, which allows developers worldwide to access, modify, and build upon them. This contrasts with the closed-source strategies of most American tech firms, barring Meta, fostering an environment of transparency and innovation that challenges traditional industry norms.

This shift marks a significant realignment in technological power dynamics as DeepSeek elevates China alongside open-source models to compete with the traditionally dominant American, closed-source approaches. Such advancements have impacted stock markets, causing US tech stocks to drop and signalling a shift in competitive balance between the United States and China, as well as open- versus closed-source models.

DeepSeek’s methodologies question traditional AI training practices, expediting the race towards more efficient, lower-cost processes without sacrificing performance. They have advanced public understanding of model training through self-reflection and reasoning, democratising AI developments previously shielded by companies like OpenAI.

DeepSeek’s approach highlights the potential for cost-effectiveness in AI training, reducing reliance on extensive pretraining by utilizing reinforcement learning on open models, such as Meta’s Llama 3. This facilitates access for less-resourced research labs, enabling wider contributions to AI advancements.

The ongoing competitive landscape suggests a balance could be struck between open- and closed-source offerings, placing increasing pressure on American tech firms to reconsider their strategies. In response, the US government has initiated the Stargate Project, pledging $500 billion over the next four years to fortify AI infrastructure, underscoring the need to maintain America’s competitive edge.

In conclusion, DeepSeek’s rise endorses a trend towards open-source AI, challenging the entrenched power structures within the tech industry. By demonstrating efficient methodologies and promoting a collaborative developmental environment, DeepSeek not only illuminates open-source models’ potential to spearhead innovation but also highlights the shifting global landscape of AI research. As this competition unfolds, the dominance of traditional American firms may be reassessed, with open-source models presenting a promising and strategic path for the future of global AI ecosystems.

Australian shares hit by DeepSeek’s rise in AI

The launch of DeepSeek’s cost-efficient AI model has sent shockwaves through Australian tech markets, with shares in AI-related companies experiencing steep declines. Investors are increasingly worried that the Chinese startup’s affordable technology could undermine the dominance of established players in the sector.

Among the biggest losers were AI software firm Appen, which saw its stock drop by 3.3%, and chipmaker Brainchip, which lost 10.3%. The technology sub-index fell by 1%, with major data centre operators also taking a hit. Analysts expressed concerns that DeepSeek’s success might reduce demand for AI infrastructure, which had driven heavy investments in Australian data centres.

DeepSeek’s AI assistant, launched last week, has already outpaced US competitor ChatGPT in downloads on Apple’s App Store. This rapid rise has sent ripples through the global tech sector, contributing to Nvidia’s record $592.7 billion market loss.

As Australian investors reassess their exposure to AI stocks, market strategists predict a shift towards safer sectors such as healthcare and consumer staples, after DeepSeek’s disruptive impact.

Nvidia sees record retail investment amid stock plunge

Retail investors made a record purchase of Nvidia shares on Monday, buying a net $562.2 million worth of stock, following a sharp 17% drop in its market value. The decline came after concerns arose over a low-cost AI model from Chinese startup DeepSeek, which contributed to Nvidia losing $593 billion in market value. According to Vanda Research, this marked the largest retail investment in Nvidia since data tracking began in 2014.

Nvidia has seen steady retail investment over the past few years, with approximately $7.3 billion in shares purchased last quarter. However, this was nearly half the amount recorded in the peak quarter of September 2024.

While global tech stocks showed some recovery on Tuesday, the sector remains under pressure as investors grapple with concerns over the high valuations and dominance of AI leaders like Nvidia, amid rising competition from new players like DeepSeek.

Ripple CEO pushes for inclusive digital asset reserve

Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse has called for a more inclusive approach to digital asset reserves, advocating for a US stockpile that represents a variety of cryptocurrencies rather than favouring a single token like Bitcoin or XRP. Highlighting the importance of a multichain ecosystem, he stressed the need for a level playing field in the crypto industry, stating, ‘Maximalism remains the enemy of crypto progress.’

Recent comments from US President Donald Trump have sparked discussions about a national digital asset reserve, an idea he supported before the election. However, market predictions suggest only a 17% chance of this initiative being authorised within Trump’s first 100 days in office.

Ripple’s XRP, used primarily for cross-border payments and remittances, remains integral to the company’s operations despite fluctuating values. On Monday, XRP traded at $2.65 following a brief spike to $3.09, reflecting the volatile nature of the cryptocurrency market.

Limited appeal of retail CBDCs in global adoption

Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) face significant challenges in gaining consumer acceptance, according to a new survey by GlobalData. The findings reveal that users in countries with active CBDC programmes, such as the Bahamas, Jamaica, and Nigeria, are hesitant to switch from traditional payment methods due to a lack of incentives, privacy concerns, and technical complexities.

Blandina Szalay, an analyst at GlobalData, highlighted the slow adoption rates, explaining that CBDCs often complicate payments without offering clear benefits. Convenience and established habits remain strong drivers for consumers, making it difficult for CBDCs to gain traction.

Despite these hurdles, the global push for CBDCs continues, with 134 countries representing 98% of the world’s economy actively exploring the technology. Over 65 countries, including India and Brazil, are advancing their projects, with many in pilot phases. Central banks hope CBDCs can improve cross-border payments, promote financial inclusion, and enhance monetary stability, but achieving widespread adoption remains a formidable task.

Leonardo and Airbus join forces for satellite advancements

Leonardo CEO Roberto Cingolani held talks with Airbus to strengthen European collaboration in the satellite industry. Discussions with Airbus and Thales aim to create alliances to better compete globally with major players like the US and China. Cingolani emphasised the need for robust European partnerships to address increasing global competition in this sector.

Leonardo already has strong ties with Thales, sharing two joint ventures: Thales Alenia Space and Telespazio, which specialise in satellite manufacturing and services. Airbus and Thales Alenia Space are recognised as Europe’s leading producers of satellites for various applications, including telecommunications, navigation, and surveillance.

Meanwhile, Italy is considering Elon Musk’s Starlink system to meet immediate satellite needs for secure government communications. Opposition parties have criticised this potential reliance on Musk’s technology, though Cingolani stressed that Leonardo could ensure the protection of transmitted data, aligning with government priorities for security.

Italy suspends DeepSeek AI app amid data protection concerns

The Chinese AI app DeepSeek was removed from Apple and Google app stores in Italy on Wednesday, following a request by the country’s data protection authority for information on its handling of personal data. Italy’s Garante regulator gave DeepSeek 20 days to clarify what data it collects, its sources, purposes, and whether it is stored in China. Concerns over safeguarding underage users, potential bias, and risks of electoral interference were also highlighted by Garante chief Pasquale Stanzione.

The app, which recently surpassed ChatGPT in downloads from Apple’s App Store, remains functional for Italian users who had already installed it. It is also still available in other European Union countries and the UK. Ireland‘s Data Protection Commission has also sought details about DeepSeek’s data processing practices for Irish users, while Germany‘s government has voiced concerns about potential AI-driven election interference ahead of its February vote.

Italy’s Garante is known for its proactive stance on AI regulations, having temporarily banned ChatGPT in 2023 over alleged breaches of EU privacy laws. DeepSeek, which touts itself as a cost-efficient alternative to U.S. AI services, has faced mounting scrutiny as it gains popularity. Meanwhile, Irish regulators noted that DeepSeek has not designated Ireland as its EU headquarters, complicating oversight under EU data protection rules.

Google appeals EU’s record antitrust fine

Google has appealed to the EU’s top court to overturn a record 4.3-billion-euro antitrust fine imposed seven years ago, arguing that the penalty punished the company for its innovation. The fine was originally levied by the European Commission, which accused Google of using its Android operating system to suppress competition by forcing manufacturers to pre-install Google Search, Chrome, and the Google Play store on devices. While the fine was later reduced to 4.1 billion euros by a lower court, Google maintains that its actions fostered competition, not hindered it.

During Tuesday’s hearing, Google lawyer Alfonso Lamadrid stated that the Commission failed to meet its legal obligations and relied on errors in law. Lamadrid defended Google’s agreements with phone manufacturers, insisting they were not anti-competitive, but rather beneficial to the market. The case centres on whether the European Commission acted appropriately in its investigation and decision to reshape markets through such penalties.

The judges of the Luxembourg-based Court of Justice of the European Union will make a final ruling in the coming months, with no further opportunity for appeal. In addition to this case, Google remains under scrutiny by EU regulators for its advertising business, with another major decision expected later this year.

DeepSeek challenges US AI dominance with low-cost innovation

Chinese AI startup DeepSeek has shaken the global AI industry with its low-cost, high-performance models, sparking mixed reactions among leading US developers. Its flagship AI assistant recently surpassed OpenAI’s ChatGPT as the most downloaded app on Apple’s US App Store. DeepSeek achieved this using Nvidia’s H800 chips, training its model for under $6 million—an astonishing contrast to the billions spent annually by US tech giants.

While some American AI experts acknowledged DeepSeek’s achievements, many remain unconvinced. OpenAI’s CEO, Sam Altman, praised the R1 model for its cost-effectiveness, but analysts noted that the $6 million figure only reflects the final training phase, with total development costs likely exceeding $1 billion. Nvidia viewed DeepSeek’s success as evidence of growing demand for its AI chips, despite US export controls aimed at slowing China’s progress.

US-based firms like Snowflake have already added DeepSeek models to their AI offerings, citing overwhelming customer interest. However, concerns about China‘s involvement in AI technology persist. DeepSeek’s decision to release its models as open source has drawn applause from industry leaders, highlighting a shift toward more accessible AI development.

With China’s advancements narrowing the gap in AI innovation, competition between US and Chinese firms intensifies. DeepSeek’s rapid rise is forcing industry players to rethink their strategies, while questions about scalability and long-term sustainability remain unanswered.