Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Digital Trade and Training ( Global Innovation Forum)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Mercedes Nunez

Mercedes Nunez, an independent consultant, has amassed over 10 years of experience in her field. She has demonstrated her expertise and dedication through her work, making her a trusted professional. Nunez strongly believes in empowering vulnerable communities, with a particular focus on women. This commitment aligns with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 10, which emphasise gender equality and reduced inequalities.

Nunez possesses a wealth of experience in managing programs that aim to empower women and assist vulnerable communities. Her efforts have been felt in various parts of America, where she has implemented initiatives designed to uplift women and provide support to those in need. By leveraging her skills and knowledge, Nunez has worked tirelessly to address the unique challenges faced by vulnerable communities, offering them opportunities for growth and development.

It is evident that Nunez’s work has had a positive impact on the individuals and communities she has served. Her sincere belief in the potential of women and her understanding of the struggles faced by vulnerable groups have driven her to create sustainable change. Through her efforts, Nunez has helped to foster greater gender equality and has taken meaningful steps towards reducing inequalities.

In conclusion, Mercedes Nunez stands out as an exceptional consultant with over a decade of experience. Her dedication to empowering vulnerable communities, especially women, has been demonstrated through her successful implementation of programs in America. Nunez’s work is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, and her commitment to creating positive change is commendable. Through her expertise and passion, she has made remarkable strides in promoting gender equality and reducing inequalities, leaving a lasting impact on the communities she has served.

Hua Wang

Evidence suggests that women founders generate 1.6 times better returns on average than male founders, indicating the profitability of investing in women-led start-ups. Their success can be attributed to their collaborative nature, intelligence, and realistic financial projections. However, male investors often ask more pessimistic questions to women founders, reflecting bias in their perception of female entrepreneurs.

Access to capital presents a significant challenge for women entrepreneurs, especially when their products target women. Female founders struggle to convince male investors to invest in their businesses, highlighting gender bias in funding. Creating awareness about these biases is crucial to address disparities. Female founders face subtle remarks that undermine their self-esteem, hindering their progress.

Governmental accelerator programs play a vital role in supporting entrepreneurship. In Senegal, a government-backed program has provided funding and resources for entrepreneurs like Hua Wang, driving economic growth. Wang emphasizes the need for sustainable support models and quick approval of funding for startups.

An integrated approach is essential for digitizing economies in developing countries, like India. The use of localized digital tools and affordable access to technology have enabled digitization efforts. Hua Wang stresses the importance of choosing a job based on passion for career success, particularly in a context where traditional paths are favored.

In conclusion, this analysis highlights the disparities faced by women founders and the importance of addressing biases in funding. It emphasizes the role of governmental support, sustainable funding models, and quick approval of funding for entrepreneurial success. The importance of an integrated approach to digitizing economies and following one’s passion for career success is also underscored.

Awa Caba

The analysis identifies two remarkable entrepreneurs from Senegal, namely Awa Caba. Awa Caba is actively involved in the agriculture and technology sectors, demonstrating her versatility and capacity to make a significant impact. She plays a crucial role in promoting several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 5: Gender Equality, SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, and SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

In the first argument, Awa Caba is described as an entrepreneur operating in the agriculture and tech sectors in Senegal. Her innovative contributions in these sectors demonstrate her entrepreneurial prowess and commitment to driving positive change. Though the sentiment is neutral, the supporting facts highlight her role as a key player in these fields.

The second argument highlights Awa Caba’s leadership in an e-commerce platform in Senegal, specifically focusing on empowering women and facilitating their access to the market. This effort aligns with multiple SDGs, including SDG 5, SDG 8, SDG 9, and SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities. The sentiment associated with this argument is positive, indicating the impact Awa Caba is making in enabling women to engage in economic activities and reducing inequalities.

Notably, Awa Caba’s achievements are noteworthy within the context of gender equality, economic growth, and innovation. Her endeavors reflect her determination to create opportunities for women and foster economic development in Senegal. By combining her expertise in agriculture and technology, she effectively contributes to building sustainable industry infrastructure. Awa Caba’s work exemplifies the power of entrepreneurship in driving positive change and achieving the SDGs.

Overall, Awa Caba’s multi-faceted approach to entrepreneurship, encompassing the agriculture and tech sectors, as well as her leadership in an e-commerce platform, positions her as a prominent figure in Senegal’s development landscape. Her contributions towards gender equality, economic growth, and industry innovation are truly commendable and serve as inspiration for future entrepreneurs and change-makers.

Speaker 2

Tamar Sarawat is affiliated with the US Department of Commerce and plays a role in formulating policies related to national and international trade, economic growth, and technological advancement. This highlights the significant influence of the Department of Commerce in shaping the business landscape.

Within the Department of Commerce, there is a dedicated working group focused on women’s economic empowerment. This group is instrumental in advancing gender equality and promoting economic growth, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 8. SDG 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower women and girls, while SDG 8 focuses on inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all.

The presence of a robust working group within the Department of Commerce demonstrates a commitment to addressing gender disparities and promoting equal opportunities for women in the workplace. By addressing the unique challenges faced by women, this group contributes to building a more inclusive and diverse economy.

The working group comprises women from the private sector in Central Asia, highlighting the global nature of its approach and the importance of collaborating across regions. The active engagement of private sector women from Central Asia adds diverse perspectives and reinforces the idea that economic empowerment should be a global agenda.

In summary, the presence of a women’s economic empowerment working group within the US Department of Commerce reflects a dedication to promoting gender equality and enhancing economic opportunities. By engaging private sector women from Central Asia, this group ensures a global perspective. It aligns with the SDGs and has the potential to drive positive change in the business world, contributing to a more inclusive and prosperous future for all.

Speaker 4

The speakers in the discussion provided insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa. Speaker 4’s startup, Quitty, was highlighted as a B2B marketplace for Made in Africa products. The main goal of Quitty is to facilitate the accessibility of African products in international markets. Additionally, Quitty has a brand incubation program that collaborates directly with local suppliers, particularly women. This program aims to empower and support these suppliers in overcoming barriers they face in the industry.

One of the main challenges discussed during the discussion was the barriers to entry for African products on global platforms. It was noted that production capacity is still a significant challenge for local suppliers. Moreover, many African ingredients are not represented on popular platforms like Amazon, which limits the reach of these products. This highlights the need to address these challenges and provide better opportunities for African suppliers to showcase and sell their products globally.

The importance of an ecosystem for entrepreneurship was also emphasized. The speakers noted that the ecosystem in Africa has been experiencing growth, with more entrepreneurs returning to start businesses and the emergence of incubator programmes. Government involvement and support were highlighted as contributing factors to the ecosystem’s growth. Advocates were highlighted as critical in stimulating the ecosystem by instilling a sense of belonging and capability among entrepreneurs.

Government funding and policies were discussed as potential frameworks to support entrepreneurs. The success of government funding programmes was found to be dependent on efficiency and speed of disbursement. The implementation of the Startup Act was seen as a positive step, with Tunisia and Senegal having already adopted it and Nigeria working towards its implementation. The Startup Act provides clear definitions for startups and offers tax breaks for the initial years, promoting a conducive environment for startups.

However, challenges related to taxation were also raised during the discussion. High employment taxes and other levies were considered detrimental to startups, as they posed financial burdens and limited growth opportunities. The need for tax structures that support startups and foster economic growth was emphasized.

Digitalisation of public sector systems was highlighted as necessary to facilitate startup growth. Digitalisation would ensure easier access to information, loans, and other services, streamlining processes for startups. The use of digital tools and platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and TikTok was also discussed. These tools were deemed highly useful for managing projects, team communication, and marketing strategies, particularly in global teams and emerging markets.

The speakers also touched upon the importance of regulations in the digital world. They highlighted the need for the public sector to catch up with the pace of innovations and understand and control emerging technologies, such as blockchain and cryptocurrencies. However, it was mentioned that regulations in this realm need to strike a balance between control and fostering innovation.

Another noteworthy observation was the increasing trust in digital companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple, which raised concerns about individuals relying too heavily on these private sector companies over government institutions. It was noted that this misplaced trust could lead to a societal imbalance and potentially undermine the role and influence of governments.

On a more personal level, the speakers discussed the importance of self-belief and passion in entrepreneurship. Following one’s gut instincts and having the confidence to believe in one’s ideas were stressed as key factors in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavors. The speakers also acknowledged the challenges faced by women in entrepreneurship and encouraged women to bring out their strengths and not suppress them.

In conclusion, the discussion shed light on various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa, including the challenges faced by local suppliers, the significance of an ecosystem, the role of government support, digitalisation, and the importance of self-belief and passion. It emphasized the need for increased support and resources to foster an inclusive startup ecosystem in Africa and create opportunities for African products to thrive on the international stage.

Speaker 5

Shutlers, a shared mobility platform founded by Damilola Lokeshisi (also known as Dami) in Lagos, Nigeria, aims to address the transportation challenges faced by the workforce, particularly young professionals. The public transport system in Lagos is inadequate and poses safety risks, as seen in an unfortunate incident involving Dami’s sister. Shutlers provides a solution by offering affordable and safe transportation options. The service is priced between standard ride-hailing services and traditional public transport, providing a balance between affordability and safety.

Over the past six years, Shutlers has seen remarkable growth, expanding to three cities in Nigeria and raising $5.6 million in funding. This success demonstrates the conviction in the business model and the solution it offers to the public transport challenges in Nigeria.

Government initiatives, such as an accelerator programme, have proven to be instrumental in supporting startups like Shutlers. Dami received her first grant through this programme, which helped bootstrap and build her first tech. However, there is a need for a more sustainable model to support entrepreneurs beyond the initial stages.

Before developing their own application, Shutlers utilised existing digital platforms like WhatsApp, Google, and Excel sheets to communicate bus arrivals, track vehicles, and maintain reports. This approach proved effective in the early stages of their operations until they could afford to build their own apps.

There are concerns about proposals to tax digital goods and services, with some countries suggesting taxing instances like sending a PDF to another country or downloading an app. Such taxation measures could have negative implications for startups and the digital industry.

Policymakers are beginning to realise the significant influence of the digital world and its potential impact on various aspects of society. Issues such as ownership and control of data, alongside cases of influencers causing significant events, demonstrate the need for robust policy considerations.

The appointment of a young Nigerian minister with a tech background indicates that young people entering government can bring about effective change, leveraging their understanding of the digital ecosystem.

There is an argument that the government should support citizens by staying out of their way and not making life more difficult. This sentiment reflects the desire for reduced government interference and regulation, fostering an environment that promotes decent work and reduced inequalities.

Dami, the founder of Shutlers, emphasises the daily challenges faced as an entrepreneur, highlighting the necessity to fight for success constantly. She believes in self-empowerment and achieving one’s goals, using numbers and business traction as unbiased indicators of success. Doubts and challenges fuel her motivation to succeed.

In conclusion, Shutlers is making significant strides in addressing transportation challenges in Lagos, Nigeria, through its shared mobility platform. The success of Shutlers highlights the importance of government support for startups, the effective use of existing digital platforms, the implications of taxing digital goods and services, and the growing recognition of the influence of the digital world. The founder’s journey as an entrepreneur highlights the determination and perseverance required for success in the startup ecosystem.

Speaker 7

Speaker 7, a successful entrepreneur, started her first business at the age of 17. The business focused on selling fashionable textile products to university students. It had a successful three-year run before she decided to sell it to fund her studies in textiles at the National Institute. This early venture not only provided her with valuable experience but also demonstrated her entrepreneurial spirit and determination.

After completing her studies, Speaker 7 recognized the need to connect women in the textiles and clothing value chain. To address this, she created a nonprofit organization that served as a platform for women entrepreneurs from different parts of the world. The platform not only allowed these women to reach new markets but also provided them with the opportunity to share their stories, further empowering them in their entrepreneurial journey.

Building upon this success, Speaker 7 went on to launch Inclusive Trade, an e-commerce platform that connects small businesses with customers globally. The platform has had a significant impact, supporting over 4,000 businesses so far. It provides these businesses with increased visibility and helps them prove their sustainability efforts, thus attracting more customers and opportunities. The positive sentiment surrounding Inclusive Trade is evident from its continuous influx of about ยฃ70,000 worth of business every month, which has prompted the need for external investments to support the platform’s scale-up.

Throughout her journey, Speaker 7 has been a strong advocate for comprehensive accelerator programs for women entrepreneurs. She believes that women should be given equally challenging programs as their male counterparts, rejecting the notion of “dumbing down” initiatives for women. She emphasizes the importance of having visible role models for women in the entrepreneurial sphere, encouraging their empowerment and success.

In addition, Speaker 7 highlights the significance of gender equality, which she believes can be achieved through empowering girls and educating boys. She draws from her own experience of being raised in a conservative Indian society but being encouraged to seize opportunities and gain knowledge. As a mother of two boys, she actively promotes equal responsibilities and respect for girls within her household.

The speaker also acknowledges the need for a blended approach towards digitization, involving bottom-up, top-down, and private sector involvement. She cites examples from India, where vendors on roads have embraced digital payments through platforms like Google Pay. She highlights the importance of policy changes, cheaper smartphones, and accessible data as essential factors enabling digital transformation.

Finally, Speaker 7 emphasizes the need to choose a profession based on passion, rather than merely for financial gain. She firmly believes that no profession should be viewed as superior or inferior, challenging traditional societal expectations in countries like India.

Overall, the journey and insights of Speaker 7 serve as an inspiration for aspiring entrepreneurs, particularly women, highlighting the importance of determination, empowerment, and embracing new opportunities.

Speaker 3

Macy Ogu works for the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria, and the Commission is actively working towards empowering women entrepreneurs. Macy joined the discussion with an aim to gain knowledge and understand more about the challenges faced by female founders. She expressed her belief in the need for more support for female founders as they scale their businesses.

The ecosystem in Nigeria is described as vibrant, full of energy and opportunities, but it initially posed challenges for female founders. Speaker 3, who has been on an entrepreneurial journey for seven years in Nigeria, highlighted the difficulty she faced finding other female founders and often being the only woman in meetings or when onboarding businesses or suppliers. This indicates that, despite the vibrant environment, gender disparities hinder the progress of female entrepreneurs.

However, there are positive developments in the Nigerian ecosystem, with an increasing number of initiatives focusing on women and supporting their growth. The MasterCard Foundation and IFC have introduced initiatives that specifically target women. There is also a growing representation of female general partners and investors in Nigeria. Additionally, programs that train women in coding have been initiated to address the supply issues faced by females in the tech industry. These initiatives indicate a more supportive ecosystem that is working towards gender equality and equal opportunities for female founders.

Although progress has been made, there is still a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they transition from Series A to Series B, C, D, or billion-dollar businesses. Speaker 3 noted this gap and emphasized the need for additional support in this crucial phase of scaling businesses. Ensuring ongoing support at every stage is essential for female founders to achieve their full potential and contribute to the growth of the ecosystem.

In conclusion, Macy Ogu’s involvement with the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria highlights the Commission’s efforts to empower women entrepreneurs. The ecosystem in Nigeria is making positive strides in supporting female founders through initiatives focused on women and increasing representation in the tech industry. However, there remains a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they scale their businesses, particularly in the Series A to Series B transition. Continued efforts to address these challenges will be crucial in creating a truly inclusive and thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem in Nigeria.

Speaker 1

Caitlin Satola, an official at the US Department of State, plays a crucial role in supporting the C5 plus 1 initiative for the United States and Central Asia. Despite not being an entrepreneur herself, she is dedicated to providing assistance and resources to entrepreneurs in these regions.

The C5 plus 1 initiative is a platform that aims to foster cooperation and dialogue between the United States and the five Central Asian countries โ€“ Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It focuses on five key areas of collaboration: security, economic connectivity, business and entrepreneurship, environment, and regional integration.

Satola’s primary focus lies in supporting entrepreneurs in Central Asia. By offering guidance, resources, and expertise, she works to create an enabling environment for these individuals to thrive. Satola recognises the vital role entrepreneurs play in driving economic growth, innovation, and job creation. Through capacity-building programmes, she helps equip aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed.

Satola’s efforts also to extend to facilitating partnerships and collaborations between entrepreneurs in the United States and Central Asia. By connecting entrepreneurs from both regions, she fosters knowledge exchange, technology transfer, and the sharing of best practices. These connections enable entrepreneurs to tap into new markets, access funding opportunities, and gain valuable insights from their counterparts.

While Satola’s role is not directly entrepreneurial in nature, her commitment to supporting entrepreneurs showcases the Department of State’s recognition of the importance of entrepreneurship in driving economic development and stability in Central Asia. By empowering and assisting entrepreneurs, Satola contributes to creating a thriving business environment, fostering economic connectivity between the United States and Central Asia, and promoting stronger ties between the two regions.

In conclusion, Caitlin Satola, working under the US Department of State’s C5 plus 1 initiative, plays a crucial role in supporting entrepreneurship in Central Asia. Her dedication to providing resources, guidance, and facilitating partnerships benefits entrepreneurs in the region, driving economic growth and fostering stronger ties between the United States and Central Asia.

Birame Sock

Biram Sock, a representative from Senegal, introduced himself as an advocate for E-Trade for Women, focusing on the Francophone Africa region. This demonstrates his commitment to promoting equitable economic opportunities for women in this area. “E-Trade for Women” involves using electronic trading platforms to empower women entrepreneurs and enhance their participation in the global market. By leveraging technology, barriers such as limited access to financial services and discriminatory practices can be overcome, fostering economic growth and gender equality. Biram Sock advocates for the adoption of digital trade strategies that benefit women by engaging with policymakers, organizations, and stakeholders. He specifically addresses the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Francophone Africa, including cultural norms, limited access to education and technology, and inadequate infrastructure. His advocacy efforts aim to create an enabling environment for women in the digital economy, contributing to their socio-economic development and empowerment in Francophone Africa.

Pippa McDougall.

Pippa McDougall, a senior advocacy manager at the GSMA Connected Women Programme, introduces herself and her role in initiatives aimed at reducing the gender gap in mobile technology access and usage. McDougall advocates for women’s empowerment in the digital sphere and promotes inclusivity in the technology sector.

Expressing excitement and gratitude for being present at the event, McDougall demonstrates her commitment to the cause and eagerness to share insights and experiences with the audience.

Under McDougall’s direction, the GSMA Connected Women Programme works to increase women’s access to mobile services globally and empower them to engage fully with technology. Efforts focus on overcoming barriers such as affordability, literacy, and socio-cultural constraints that hinder women’s participation and access to mobile technology.

The advocacy work McDougall is involved in emphasizes the importance of addressing the gender gap in the technology sector. Collaborating with policymakers, industry leaders, and non-governmental organizations, McDougall develops impactful strategies to bring about positive change. She aims to raise awareness about gender equality in mobile technology and drive meaningful action towards achieving this goal.

McDougall’s introduction highlights her passion for the cause, setting the stage for a discussion on challenges, opportunities, and potential solutions for increasing women’s access and empowerment in the digital era.

Alisa Sydow

Alisa Sydow, an associate professor in entrepreneurship, holds a prominent position at the ESCP Business School, one of the most esteemed European institutions. With a focus on women in entrepreneurship, she dedicates her research efforts to understanding and promoting gender equality in this field. This emphasis on supporting women aligns with SDG5 for Gender Equality, indicating her commitment to fostering an inclusive and equitable entrepreneurial landscape.

Additionally, Alisa Sydow’s practical experience is evident through her ownership of a startup. This demonstrates her deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by entrepreneurs. Her firsthand experience in running a business enhances her credibility as an educator and researcher, allowing her to provide valuable insights and guidance to aspiring entrepreneurs.

By focusing on women in entrepreneurship, Alisa Sydow’s work contributes to SDG8 for Decent Work and Economic Growth. Entrepreneurship not only provides individuals with meaningful employment opportunities but also drives economic growth and development. By promoting women’s involvement in this sector, she helps create a more vibrant and inclusive economy.

Moreover, her work is also relevant to SDG9 for Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. As an associate professor and entrepreneur, Alisa Sydow is undoubtedly familiar with the importance of innovation and efficient infrastructure in entrepreneurial endeavors. By exploring and promoting innovative approaches, she facilitates the growth and sustainability of startups, contributing to overall progress in society.

In conclusion, Alisa Sydow’s contributions in education, research, and entrepreneurship have substantial implications for various Sustainable Development Goals. Her position as an associate professor at the prestigious ESCP Business School allows her to shape the mindset and skills of future entrepreneurs. Through her research on women in entrepreneurship, she actively promotes gender equality and inclusivity. Furthermore, her own experience as a startup owner adds practical knowledge to her academic expertise. Overall, Alisa Sydow’s work not only supports specific SDGs such as Gender Equality, Decent Work and Economic Growth, and Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, but also contributes to the broader goal of creating a sustainable and prosperous society.

Speaker 6

The analysis includes discussions from various speakers covering different aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations.

One of the speakers, Yasmin, is the founder of a B2B startup in Egypt that focuses on food and e-commerce delivery. She has successfully raised $10 million in funding for her business and currently achieves an average of 10,000 deliveries per day. Yasmin’s success story highlights the potential of startups in the industry and the importance of targeting specific markets, such as Whole Foods and Carrefour.

Another speaker addresses the challenges faced by startups in certain regions, like the speaker’s own country. These challenges arise from the lack of an established ecosystem to support startups. This emphasizes the importance of building a supportive environment that includes wallets, banks, and user-friendly apps. The speaker also highlights the need to explain basic concepts like working hours and productivity to the drivers associated with the startup. Furthermore, the speaker notes that investors are becoming more cautious and are requiring additional due diligence, making it harder for startups to secure investment based solely on PowerPoint presentations.

The analysis also delves into the gender dynamics of entrepreneurship. One speaker asserts that entrepreneurship should be viewed as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue. This perspective argues that entrepreneurial success is not limited to any specific gender and that investors primarily consider the profit potential of ventures, irrespective of the entrepreneur’s gender. Another speaker highlights the importance of coaching and equal opportunity for women in entrepreneurship. Both male and female entrepreneurs face competition and challenges, and reaching potential investors and delivering compelling pitches are essential for securing investment.

The topic of digital regulations and policies is also explored. A speaker argues that regulating the digital space in traditional ways is impractical and reactive. Drawing parallels with the music industry’s experience with MP3 files, the speaker suggests that existing proposed policies are somewhat backward-looking. Instead, the speaker advocates for a proactive approach that takes into account the unique nature and dynamics of the digital realm.

The analysis also emphasizes the need for instilling specific values and norms within the digital space. One speaker stresses the importance of teaching children responsible technology use and the development of digital etiquette. By raising awareness about the responsible use of technology from a young age, individuals can navigate and contribute positively to the digital space.

In terms of gender equality, one speaker shares a childhood experience where their father emphasized that being a girl should not hinder them from aspiring for success. This anecdote signifies the importance of fighting for personal aspirations, regardless of gender. Another speaker highlights the treatment discrepancy between boys and girls, particularly in post-schooling stages. Girls often feel academic pressure to succeed, while boys may assume success will come through alternative means. The speaker raises concerns over the loss of self-belief many girls experience upon entering the workplace.

Finally, one speaker encourages individuals to view perceived obstacles as advantages and shares their ambition to work in a traditionally male-dominated industry. This serves as a testament to the speaker’s determination to challenge norms and succeed in challenging locations.

In conclusion, the analysis provides valuable insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations. It underscores the potential for success in startups, the importance of an established ecosystem, the need to view entrepreneurship as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue, and the significance of coaching and equal opportunity for women. The analysis also highlights the challenges of regulating the digital space, the importance of instilling digital values and norms, and the need to fight for aspirations irrespective of gender. Ultimately, the analysis calls for a conducive environment that supports and empowers entrepreneurs, regardless of their gender or the industry they choose to pursue.

Emily Ashby

During the discussion, the idea of attending an event was raised and Emily Ashby was asked if she would like to join. She responded affirmatively and mentioned that introductions would be made during the event. Ashby introduced herself as the director for South and Central Asia, representing the US in the USTR (United States Trade Representative). This indicates that she holds a significant position within the organization. The conversation was conducted in a friendly manner, with all participants expressing a willingness to attend the event and engage in introductions. The exchange took place in the afternoon, suggesting a positive and collaborative atmosphere among the participants.

AS

Alisa Sydow

Speech speed

188 words per minute

Speech length

47 words

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15 secs

AC

Awa Caba

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166 words per minute

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40 words

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14 secs

BS

Birame Sock

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146 words per minute

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29 words

Speech time

12 secs

EA

Emily Ashby

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143 words per minute

Speech length

40 words

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17 secs

HW

Hua Wang

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194 words per minute

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3133 words

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968 secs

MN

Mercedes Nunez

Speech speed

120 words per minute

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41 words

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20 secs

PM

Pippa McDougall.

Speech speed

191 words per minute

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31 words

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10 secs

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Speaker 1

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42 words

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14 secs

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52 words

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421 words

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168 secs

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877 secs

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Speaker 7

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1178 secs

Enhancing the transition from offline to online for small businesses in the Pacific (PIFS)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Tomaz Gorisek

The European Union (EU) and Pacific states are natural allies when it comes to digital transformation and green transition. They both aim for ambitious results at international conferences, such as the Conference of Parties (COPs), and through their domestic policies. The digital transition can be of great help to Pacific islands in overcoming challenges like transaction costs, accessing large economic zones, and mitigating the impacts of climate change.

Achieving successful digital transition requires a comprehensive approach that considers various elements, including government policies, infrastructure, skills, and businesses. A single-pillar approach is not enough to address the complexities of digital transformation. By taking a holistic approach, the EU and Pacific states can effectively navigate challenges and seize opportunities.

E-commerce business toolkits are valuable resources for entrepreneurs, and efforts like the Pacific Regional Integration Support Program provide support to entrepreneurs in the Pacific region. It is important to address the digital skills gap among European SMEs, as many of them feel inadequately equipped. Implementing e-commerce business toolkits can empower entrepreneurs and contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

Trade facilitation and infrastructure projects play a crucial role in supporting e-commerce success. The EU supports various initiatives in the Pacific region aimed at improving trade facilitation and infrastructure, such as Securitas and port rehabilitation projects. These initiatives ensure efficient product delivery, even after electronic transactions have taken place.

Regional coordination is key to digital transformation and e-commerce promotion. The EU’s positive experiences with the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFs) highlight the importance of regional cooperation. Effective communication within the region is crucial for the development of successful programs and strategies. Initiatives like the Pacific e-commerce development partners subcommittee bring stakeholders together and foster collaboration.

In conclusion, the EU and Pacific states share common goals in digital transformation and green transition. By adopting comprehensive approaches and encouraging regional coordination, they can leverage digital technologies and foster sustainable economies. These initiatives aim to enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem and contribute to the achievement of SDGs.

Sven Callebaut

The panel discussion aims to increase the visibility of digital acceleration and transition for small businesses in the Pacific. The goal is to highlight the importance and benefits of embracing digital platforms and technologies for small businesses in the region. The discussion, moderated by Sven Callebaut, is provided by the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Secretariat.

To support and facilitate the online transition of Pacific small businesses, PIFS has developed business toolkits. These toolkits offer guidance on establishing an online presence, managing risks, and overcoming sector-specific challenges. PIFS has expanded the program to provide training, mentorship, and financial support to help businesses effectively transition to the online realm.

The panel discussion consists of experts from the Pacific region who will discuss the transition from offline to online for small businesses. The panel includes Candice Guavis from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Andrea Iba from the Pacific Islands Private Sector Organization (PIPSO), Olivia Pongham from the Pacific Economic Staff Association Plus (PESA Plus), and Thomas Gorisek from the European Union (EU) Delegation. Their expertise and experience will provide valuable insights and perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of embracing digital platforms.

Sven Callebaut stands as an advocate for the enhancement of visibility and support for the transition of Pacific small businesses to an online platform. In addition to the business toolkits, PIFS provides financial support, training, and mentorship to aid the transition process for these businesses.

The Pacer Plus trade agreement, a regional agreement among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand, works towards enhancing digital trade and e-commerce in the region. It offers opportunities for member states to benefit from the Pacific Business Enhancement Flow Initiative, focusing on e-commerce and digital trade issues.

Sven Callebaut is interested in understanding the type of support small entrepreneurs need from their organizations and development partners to continue their online journey. This signifies the importance of collaboration and partnership in facilitating the digitalization of small businesses.

On the topic of payment challenges, the reliance on cash in the Pacific poses difficulties in promoting mobile payment and cashless solutions. This societal reliance on cash, coupled with the absence of widespread payment solutions like PayPal or Stripe in most Pacific Island countries, makes the adoption of digital payment methods challenging. Additionally, charges on debit and credit cards present further obstacles to overcome.

Lastly, a high-level session will be conducted to explore the lessons learned from the Pacific’s experiences in financial and payment systems. This session, featuring Bram Peters from the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), aims to share best practices and insights that can benefit other countries and regions.

In conclusion, the panel discussion, business toolkits, and Pacer Plus trade agreement are all geared towards supporting and enhancing the digital transition of Pacific small businesses. Collaboration, support, and the sharing of insights and best practices are crucial in facilitating the adoption and success of online platforms and technologies. However, challenges related to payment systems and societal reliance on cash must be addressed to fully unlock the potential of digitalization in the Pacific.

Candice Guavis

The Alele Handicraft Shop in the Marshall Islands made the decision to transition to an online platform in 2011, which has proven to be highly beneficial for the business. By creating a Facebook page to market their products online, the shop was able to expand its customer base and increase its profits. The success of this transition is evident from the fact that the shop now has over 20,000 followers on its social media pages.

One of the significant advantages of the shop’s online presence is its ability to promote and share Marshallese culture through its arts and crafts. Alele Handicraft Shop takes pride in selling products that represent the unique cultural heritage of the Marshall Islands. With their online platform, they can reach a global audience and share the beauty of Marshallese culture with the world.

The success story of Alele Handicraft Shop serves as an example for other small businesses looking to transition online. Being one of the first small businesses in the handicraft sector in the Marshall Islands to embrace the digital transformation, their experience can provide guidance and inspiration to others who are considering a similar move. The transition to an online platform, when done right, has the potential to bring about growth, innovation, and economic prosperity for small businesses.

However, there are challenges that come with scaling up production to meet the demands of the online market. Handicrafts, particularly those made by Alele Handicraft Shop, require time and expertise to produce. This can pose difficulties in meeting the high demand that online platforms often generate. For instance, the shop once experienced a situation where a buyer wanted over 50 hand-woven bags, but they were unable to produce them quickly enough. This highlights the need to find solutions for efficiently scaling up production.

To address this challenge, the shop has focused on promoting the creation of faster-to-make products. By encouraging the production of earrings, necklaces, and other items that can be made more quickly, they can meet online demand more effectively. This strategy allows them to leverage their expertise while still satisfying customer needs.

Supportive measures such as toolkits, mentorship programs, and a community forum are crucial for helping small businesses successfully transition online. Alele Handicraft Shop recognizes the importance of these resources and believes that they are essential for providing guidance, knowledge, and support to businesses in the online transition process. For instance, a mentoring program where experienced individuals mentor small business owners can play a critical role in helping businesses become independent and self-sufficient. Additionally, a forum where small business owners can exchange ideas and share experiences can foster shared learning, innovation, and growth within the community.

While the transition to an online platform has brought about numerous advantages, shipping products remains a major challenge for Alele Handicraft Shop. Due to an agreement with the US Postal Services, they can only ship their products cheaply to the US, limiting their reach to other parts of the world. Shipping to the Pacific using DHL is costly, which poses a significant barrier for them. As a workaround, they sometimes rely on individuals to hand-deliver products when they are travelling to specific countries. Finding cost-effective shipping solutions that expand their reach to a broader customer base continues to be a priority for the shop.

Supplier relationships also play a crucial role in the success of the shop. Given the laid-back nature of island life in the Marshall Islands, rushing weavers to meet orders is not ideal. In instances where a requested item is not in stock, the shop recommends substitute products that are readily available instead of pressuring weavers to meet specific demands. Building strong connections and trust with suppliers allows the shop to maintain a healthy and sustainable business ecosystem.

Despite the positive outcomes of transitioning online, the process is not without its challenges. Moving from an offline to an online market presents various obstacles that need to be overcome. For Alele Handicraft Shop, some of the main issues include various types of challenges related to logistics, stock availability, and shipping. These difficulties highlight the complexities involved in fully embracing the digital transformation and adapting to the changing market landscape.

Although the Alele Handicraft Shop has been conducting online business for the past 10 years, they still consider themselves to be in the early stages of e-commerce. As with any evolving industry, understanding the intricacies of e-commerce, particularly regarding payments and charges, is an ongoing learning process. The shop remains committed to continuously improving their e-commerce expertise and leveraging it to further grow their business.

When it comes to funding their start-up, Alele Handicraft Shop prefers to avoid business loans. While bank loans may be the typical choice for funding, the shop has moved past relying on loans and instead seeks out in-country opportunities, grants, or loans. Their goal is to become self-sufficient and independent, taking advantage of existing resources and opportunities without relying heavily on loans.

In conclusion, the Alele Handicraft Shop’s transition to an online platform has proven to be a successful move, resulting in increased profits and an expanded customer base. The shop’s online presence allows them to share and promote Marshallese culture through their unique arts and crafts. Challenges in scaling up production and shipping remain, but the shop’s focus on faster-to-make products and strong supplier relationships help overcome these obstacles. The shop strongly advocates for toolkits, mentorship programs, and community forums to support other businesses in their online transition. While they continue to refine their e-commerce strategies, the shop aims to become self-sufficient and explore alternative funding options.

Olivia Phongkham

The Pacer Plus regional agreement aims to support digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand. This agreement focuses on creating a conducive environment for member countries and fostering the growth of digital trade. It strives to strengthen the legal and regulatory framework for digital trade by working on e-commerce law drafting and conducting feasibility studies on various trade aspects. Additionally, Pacer Plus has successfully implemented several e-commerce activities in different regions, such as regulatory gap analysis, launching e-commerce policies, and validating strategies through national consultation processes.

Inclusiveness is an important aspect of Pacer Plus, with a specific focus on promoting gender equality and the inclusion of marginalized groups and people with disabilities in e-commerce activities. The Development Economic Cooperation Work Program of Pacer Plus prioritises gender equality and inclusiveness, ensuring that all parties involved in trade services and investment activities in the e-commerce sector are included and have equal opportunities.

The Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative, which operates under the Pacer Plus agreement, is designed to be flexible and adaptable to the needs and requirements of PACERplus countries. This initiative provides funding on an annual and multi-year cycle, allowing for the addition of more components as needed. This flexibility enables countries to align their national priorities with the obligations of PACERplus and other trade commitments, such as those in the World Trade Organization and multilateral forums.

The expansion of PACER+ is not limited to invitation but depends on countries’ requests to join. Olivia Phongkham, a representative, stated that countries can request to join PACER+ and they would welcome such requests. The expansion of PACER+ is ultimately determined by the country’s desire to join and participate in the agreement.

In conclusion, the Pacer Plus regional agreement plays a vital role in promoting digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, fostering an enabling environment for its member countries, and driving inclusive growth in the e-commerce sector. With its successful implementation of various e-commerce initiatives, Pacer Plus has demonstrated its commitment to supporting the development and expansion of digital trade. Moreover, the flexibility of the Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative allows for customization to meet the specific needs of PACERplus countries.

Audience

The analysis includes multiple speakers discussing various topics related to international trade, cooperation, and banking. One topic of discussion is the potential expansion of PACER+, a regional trade agreement. The audience inquires about the future plans for PACER+, indicating an interest in its growth and development.

Another point emphasized by one of the speakers is the importance of learning from different parts of the world. This underlines the significance of global collaboration and international relations in achieving mutual growth and development. The speaker voices support for international cooperation, promoting a collective approach to problem-solving.

Maritime relations between Africa and the Pacific also come up in the analysis, with a speaker expressing interest in exploring the potential for passage between the two regions. This demonstrates an acknowledgement of the importance of connectivity and trade routes for economic development in both regions.

The loss of correspondent banking relationships in Pacific Island states is highlighted as a significant problem. This issue is attributed to both political and technical factors, demanding a right to be connected to the financial world. The analysis reveals that this problem is not limited to the Pacific Islands, as some banks in other regions are also facing similar challenges. The extent of this problem is evidenced by specific examples, such as the case of Vanuatu, where banks have resorted to physically transporting large sums of money in suitcases to settle transactions.

One of the speakers suggests considering banking connectivity as a public utility. They argue that the cost of servicing small markets from correspondent banking relationships is high, and compliance costs are rapidly increasing. This viewpoint implies a need for a shift from considering banking purely as a profit-driven commercial venture to viewing it as a service essential for societal development.

Furthermore, the analysis explores the idea of subsidizing banking services with public money, as the commercial viability of such services in small markets is diminishing. This perspective views banking as a critical public good, deserving of support to address the challenges faced by smaller economies.

Additionally, the speakers delve into the role of correspondent banking relationships in international payments and their impact on e-commerce. They explain that correspondent banks act as intermediaries between banks in different countries, enabling settlements of international transactions. However, this system poses difficulties for e-commerce in smaller markets, as big banks often consider such markets unprofitable and are reluctant to provide correspondent banking services. This further exacerbates the challenges faced by small businesses in these regions, as transactions can be time-consuming and expensive.

In light of the obstacles faced in sustaining e-commerce commercially in small markets, the notion of treating it as a public good for these markets is proposed. Viewing e-commerce as a public good, akin to essential utilities like water and electricity, can create an enabling environment for small businesses to thrive.

Overall, the analysis presents a diverse range of perspectives on key issues such as trade, banking, and economic development. It highlights the need for international cooperation, political solutions to banking challenges, and alternative approaches to support small markets and businesses. The suggestions put forward aim to foster inclusive growth and address the limitations faced by economies with unique circumstances.

Andrea Ibba

Small businesses in the Pacific Islands face several challenges when starting their online journey. One major obstacle is their limited capacity to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, making it difficult to allocate resources and time towards establishing an online presence. Additionally, advancements and changes in the region tend to arrive later, further hindering small businesses from embracing e-commerce.

Internet accessibility is another major challenge, with internet penetration averaging around 50% in most islands. However, the cost of internet can be quite high, reaching approximately 13% to 20% of an average salary. Limited access to affordable and reliable internet services acts as a barrier to online engagement. Furthermore, the lack of digital skills and financial literacy among entrepreneurs adds to the challenges they face.

Creating an enabling environment for online business is crucial. However, infrastructure issues limit internet penetration mainly to capital cities, leaving remote areas with inadequate access. The lack of essential infrastructure and services, such as 4G internet, further exacerbates the problem. High costs associated with internet usage also hinder accessibility and potential profits for online businesses.

Addressing the consumer side of online business is equally important. Low digital literacy and high costs of internet access result in low demand for digital products. Improving digital literacy and finding solutions to reduce internet cost are essential to overcome these barriers.

Lower-cost platforms like Facebook provide a user-friendly option for small businesses to establish an online presence. This offers an affordable alternative to the expense of starting an independent e-commerce website or platform.

The Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) recognizes the challenges faced by small businesses and has developed business toolkits to assist them in navigating the complexities of online operations. These user-friendly toolkits provide practical guidance tailored to specific challenges and are designed to save entrepreneurs’ time.

Andrea Ibba, an expert in small business development, supports the use of these toolkits as a valuable resource for entrepreneurs. They have been developed based on demand from Ministry of Trade focal points in various countries, making them highly relevant and effective.

PIF also offers additional support through workshops, coaching and mentoring schemes, and a grant scheme. These initiatives aim to strengthen the support provided to small businesses and ensure their successful transition to the digital landscape.

Furthermore, businesses in the Pacific Islands face payment challenges, including high shipping costs and difficulties in making and receiving payments. The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) is working on strategies to address these challenges through mobile payments, offering a promising solution to facilitate transactions.

When considering e-commerce, businesses need to evaluate the costs associated with data usage and digital infrastructure. Careful consideration of these costs is necessary to ensure financial viability.

Overall, small businesses in the Pacific Islands face challenges such as limited capacity, high internet costs, and low digital literacy. However, by creating an enabling environment, utilizing lower-cost platforms, providing business toolkits, and offering additional support, these challenges can be overcome, facilitating successful online expansion. Addressing payment issues and exploring mobile payment solutions are also crucial steps in promoting e-commerce growth in the region.

AI

Andrea Ibba

Speech speed

174 words per minute

Speech length

3338 words

Speech time

1150 secs

A

Audience

Speech speed

142 words per minute

Speech length

1229 words

Speech time

519 secs

CG

Candice Guavis

Speech speed

142 words per minute

Speech length

1051 words

Speech time

445 secs

OP

Olivia Phongkham

Speech speed

140 words per minute

Speech length

1142 words

Speech time

491 secs

SC

Sven Callebaut

Speech speed

150 words per minute

Speech length

4495 words

Speech time

1801 secs

TG

Tomaz Gorisek

Speech speed

191 words per minute

Speech length

1537 words

Speech time

482 secs

Enabling trade inclusion for MSMEs, women and underrepresented communities through the postal network (UPU)- UPU TradePost Forum

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Tadhim Uwizeye

The analysis delves into the challenges faced by MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in effectively trading their products on the global marketplace. One significant hurdle is the prohibitively high cost of shipping products from Africa to global markets, often exceeding the cost of the product itself. This acts as a major deterrent for MSMEs, limiting their ability to compete and sell their products effectively on a global scale. The sentiment towards this issue is negative.

To facilitate easier trade for MSMEs, there is a need for the postal sector to fully digitise its operations and integrate with MSME systems. By doing so, trading processes can be streamlined and made more efficient. The analysis highlights the positive impact of digitisation on MSMEs and emphasises the importance of integrating postal systems with MSME systems. This step promotes smoother trade operations and creates a more favourable trading environment. The sentiment towards this potential solution is positive.

Access to training and capacity-building resources is another crucial aspect in helping entrepreneurs overcome challenges associated with global trade. The availability of such resources enables entrepreneurs to address issues related to shipment and trade effectively. The analysis showcases a positive sentiment towards the importance of these resources, drawing on personal experiences of entrepreneurs who have benefited from training and capacity-building initiatives.

In order to support rural MSMEs, particularly cooperatives of young generations and women from vulnerable families, there is a need for concerted efforts. By focusing on this group, the analysis addresses the issue of inequality and aims to provide opportunities for those in rural areas to compete on a global level. The sentiment towards this aspect is positive, acknowledging the significance of supporting rural MSMEs.

National posts play a vital role in connecting MSMEs to national and international markets. However, their traditional reliance on paperwork can undermine the confidence of MSMEs in their services. To enhance efficiency and connectivity, national posts need to adopt technology systems. The analysis highlights the potential improvements that technology, including tracking systems, digital payment systems, and e-commerce platform integration, can bring to the services provided by national posts. The sentiment towards this argument is positive.

Simplified customs and documentation procedures are necessary for MSMEs to easily ship their products. Complex procedures often hinder their ability to trade effectively on the global market. The sentiment towards this argument is positive, asserting the need for national posts to simplify customs and documentation procedures to promote smoother trade operations.

National posts can also play a pivotal role in promoting local products on international markets. The analysis emphasises the resources available to national posts and the potential partnerships with e-commerce platforms to boost the visibility of local products. By promoting these products, national posts can help MSMEs improve their competitiveness and gain recognition on a global scale.

The National Post of Rwanda serves as a positive example for other countries to follow. By introducing tracking systems and collaborating with e-commerce marketplaces, they have successfully facilitated last-mile delivery and provided good rates for e-commerce platforms. Their efforts demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating technology and services to enhance efficiency and connectivity. The sentiment towards the National Post of Rwanda is highly positive.

Overall, the analysis critically examines the various challenges faced by MSMEs in trading their products globally and proposes potential solutions. These solutions include digitising the postal sector, providing training and capacity-building resources, supporting rural MSMEs, adopting technology systems, simplifying customs and documentation procedures, promoting local products, and learning from positive examples. By addressing these issues, the aim is to create a more equitable and conducive trading environment for MSMEs on the global stage.

Phlippe Isler (Moderator)

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and driving innovation. They account for almost 90% of all businesses and over 50% of jobs worldwide. In least developed countries and small island development states, they represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem. Investing in small businesses can lead to steady and transformational economic change through trade.

However, there is a significant gender disparity in ownership and management of MSMEs. Globally, only one in five businesses has a woman as their top manager, and only one in three businesses has a woman among their principal owners. Women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. This disparity highlights the need for increased gender equality in entrepreneurship and access to resources and opportunities for women.

Access to information and know-how is a critical challenge for MSMEs. Many entrepreneurs lack the necessary information on how to trade and where to trade. To address this, the Trade for MSMEs website serves as a one-stop shop, providing crucial information on trading. Additionally, the world’s first game allows individuals to simulate the experience of being an exporter or entrepreneur, offering valuable insights for MSMEs.

The global growth in e-commerce during the pandemic did not significantly benefit MSMEs and traditional postal services. Despite the number of packages delivered more than doubling, this growth was mainly driven by big e-commerce services and retailers. The Universal Postal Union (UPU) reported an initial drop of over 20% in postal volumes. This indicates that MSMEs faced challenges in leveraging the e-commerce boom, highlighting the need for strategic support.

However, the e-commerce revolution also presents opportunities for MSMEs. It provides a lifetime opportunity to expand their market and benefit from the global reach. Platforms like Correios Market in Spain and Portugal have been established to serve small producers and businesses, enabling access to a larger market. With over 1,700 e-sellers and selling over 190,000 products, Correios Market demonstrates the potential for MSMEs to thrive in the e-commerce landscape.

Postal systems have the potential to boost e-commerce, and some countries have implemented innovative solutions. For instance, the Spanish and Swiss postal systems have come up with great innovations in this regard. In Rwanda, the national postal services are making efforts to be closer to MSMEs and e-commerce services. These examples demonstrate that postal systems can play a crucial role in supporting MSMEs and fostering e-commerce growth.

Despite the potential, improving postal systems worldwide poses challenges. Some regions and countries face difficulties in enhancing their postal services, inhibiting their ability to support MSMEs effectively.

To improve the global postal system, the Universal Postal Union (UPU) needs to play an active role. By collaborating with member countries and stakeholders, UPU can address the challenges and drive meaningful improvements in postal services for the benefit of MSMEs and global trade.

In attracting donor funding for trade facilitation, it is essential to create well-packaged and precise project plans. Donors seek projects that are practical, result-oriented, and have a clear impact. Advocating for these well-crafted project plans can increase the chances of securing donor funding and support for MSMEs.

There is also a willingness to experiment with funding packages for specific government projects. This approach involves exploring different funding opportunities and tailoring them to meet the needs of particular government initiatives. The government of Barbados is cited as a potential candidate for such a funding experiment.

In conclusion, MSMEs are vital for achieving SDGs, driving innovation, and promoting economic growth. However, there are challenges such as gender disparity, limited access to information, and the need to leverage the e-commerce revolution effectively. Platforms like Correios Market and innovative postal systems offer opportunities for MSMEs, while the UPU plays a crucial role in improving the global postal system. Creating well-packaged project plans and experimenting with funding packages can further support MSMEs and drive economic development.

Matthew Wilson

Investing in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is crucial for achieving steady but transformational economic change and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). MSMEs play a significant role in the global economy, accounting for almost 90% of all businesses worldwide and over 50% of jobs. In least developed countries and small island development states, MSMEs represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem.

However, women’s representation and empowerment in MSMEs are still limited. Currently, women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. There is also a global gender gap in managerial representation in MSMEs. Investing in MSMEs can be a pathway to women’s economic empowerment and bridge this gap.

MSMEs, especially women-owned ones, face challenges in accessing credit, finance, and trade know-how when trying to enter regional and global markets. Social pressures and prejudices further hinder their progress. Efforts are needed to address these challenges and create an enabling environment for MSMEs to participate in global trade.

While the postal service has the potential to drive small business growth, there are issues that need to be addressed. One in three small businesses lacks faith in the postal service due to experiences of lost mail and damaged packages. Moreover, the cost of sending goods is often higher than the cost of making them, posing a burden on small businesses. These challenges need to be overcome to transform the postal service into a hub for small business growth.

The accessibility and competitiveness of postal services also need improvement, especially for small businesses in rural areas and developing countries. Many small businesses in rural areas lack constant and consistent access to the internet, hampering their ability to utilize postal services effectively. Additionally, regional post offices in some countries, like Barbados, are closing down due to a lack of modernization.

To enhance postal services, effective measurement and evaluation techniques are necessary to ensure optimal service provision. SMEs are seeking partners with integrated end-to-end digital platforms. By implementing effective measurement and evaluation practices, the postal service can meet the evolving needs of SMEs.

Modern trade facilitation hubs are essential for the transformation of postal services. Examples such as Swiss Post’s E-Post Smart Send and Irish Postal Operator Anpost’s e-commerce advice hub demonstrate how postal services can adopt modern technologies and provide services that facilitate global trade.

Partnerships between postal services and various stakeholders, including border agencies, standards agencies, certification labs, financial institutions, and development partners, can bolster capacity-building and provide technical assistance. These partnerships can make trade easier and more accessible for small players.

The Barbados government recognizes the importance of postal services as an economic growth facilitator and is actively working to modernize and digitalize them. Efforts such as opening a regional UPU office and conducting training courses with UPU support signify the commitment to improving postal services.

However, financial constraints and prioritization of other pressing issues like debt and climate change may slow down the progress of modernizing postal services. Small countries like Barbados face challenges in allocating resources and may prioritize other issues over postal service transformation.

In conclusion, investing in MSMEs can lead to steady economic change and contribute to the achievement of SDGs. Addressing challenges such as limited women’s representation, access to credit and trade know-how, and the image and accessibility of the postal service is crucial for fostering small business growth. Improving service measurement, creating modern trade facilitation hubs, and forming partnerships can elevate the capabilities of postal services. The efforts of the Barbados government highlight the recognition of the importance of postal services in facilitating economic growth. However, financial constraints and competing priorities may impact the pace of progress.

Siva Somasundram

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators, particularly in developing countries, through various initiatives. A notable effort is the Connect.Post project, a collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which aims to connect post offices to the internet. This initiative is crucial for enabling postal services to adopt digital technologies and improve their efficiency and convenience for customers.

However, challenges in implementation and funding remain major roadblocks to the success of these digital transformation initiatives. Adequate resources and financial support are essential for postal operators to invest in the necessary infrastructure, technologies, and training programs. Insufficient funding can hinder the expansion of internet access in post offices, limiting their potential to offer improved services.

Additionally, the ownership structure of postal operators, often government-owned in developing countries, highlights the importance of government investment and commitment to service quality. Government support determines the allocation of funds and resources required for growth and innovation. Therefore, government investment and commitment play a vital role in enhancing overall service quality, efficiency, and accessibility of postal services.

In conclusion, the UPU actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators through initiatives like Connect.Post. However, challenges in implementation and funding pose obstacles to the success of these initiatives. Government investment and commitment are crucial, particularly in developing countries where postal operators are often government-owned. Overcoming these challenges and securing the necessary funding and support will enable postal operators to embark on their digital transformation journey, improving services and meeting evolving customer needs.

Susan Alexander

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is an intergovernmental organization and a United Nations agency with 192 member countries. It supports its member countries in achieving the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs). The UPU works towards fulfilling these goals by aligning its activities with them.

Gender equality is a key area of focus for the UPU. The organization has specific policies to promote gender equality and is actively expanding its capacity to achieve SDG 5, which focuses on gender equality. It aims to promote gender equality throughout the entire UPU organization and ensure equal representation of women in leadership and decision-making processes. The UPU recognizes the importance of gender equality for sustainable development and is committed to integrating gender equality principles into all of its programs.

In addition to gender equality, the UPU emphasizes the importance of government involvement in creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services. This entails engaging with ministries responsible for postal services, communications, commerce, and digitalization. The UPU acknowledges that collaboration between governments and postal operators is crucial for shaping policies that can effectively address the needs of underrepresented communities and ensure the inclusivity of postal services.

Postal services worldwide are increasingly focusing on the specific needs of women, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and rural businesses. They offer services such as postal financial services, e-commerce platforms, and facilitation of import and export customs procedures that cater to the needs of these groups. By targeting rural areas and smaller customers, including women-led businesses, postal services contribute to the achievement of SDG 5 (gender equality) and SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure).

The UPU recognizes the importance of international trade and digitalization and aims to simplify and enhance these areas. It actively engages in discussions with major players, such as the World Bank, World Trade Organization (WTO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), and United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UNCFACT), to explore ways to improve international trade in the digital era. The UPU has existing programs, such as Trade Post and Connect the Post, which seek to digitalize postal services. It emphasizes the need to include perspectives from smaller retailers and entrepreneurs in these discussions to effectively address their needs and challenges.

In conclusion, the UPU plays a vital role in supporting its member countries in achieving the SDGs, with a particular focus on gender equality and creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services. Postal services worldwide are implementing measures to cater to the needs of underrepresented communities, and the UPU actively participates in discussions to enhance international trade in the digital age. By closely collaborating with governments and involving underrepresented communities in policy discussions, the UPU seeks to empower these groups and ensure their active participation in shaping policies and strategies.

Elena Fernรกndez Rodrรญguez

During the discussion, the speakers covered various interconnected topics related to postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). They emphasized the importance of supporting postal infrastructure as essential for trade and growth, especially for MSMEs. MSMEs make up over 90% of businesses in Spain and contribute 65% to the country’s GDP. Furthermore, it was noted that 42.4% of these MSMEs are owned by women. To address this, the speakers argued that investment in women-led businesses should be increased. They highlighted the significant investment gap between male-led and female-led businesses, amounting to a staggering ยฃ285 billion. It was also mentioned that data on investment in women-led businesses is crucial. Notably, female-led businesses have shown a better social and environmental impact, supporting the case for increased investment.

The speakers also discussed the challenges posed by digitization, training, and connectivity in the context of green and digital transformation. They expressed concern that these challenges could leave certain groups of people behind in the transformation process. Similarly, the negative impact of red tape and customs and trade barriers was highlighted, particularly for smaller companies. It was mentioned that 0.33% of Spanish GDP is lost due to red tape, and reducing trade barriers could have a significant positive impact on international GDP.

The establishment of a food delivery platform in 2020 was mentioned during the discussion. However, it was noted that currently, the platform is limited to operating in Spain and Portugal due to challenges with customs. This observation aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing inequalities (SDG 10), as the platform is not accessible to consumers outside these two countries.

The speakers underscored the significance of global cooperation through platforms like the Universal Postal Union (UPU). They highlighted the planned expansion of the Correos market, a platform that enables MSMEs to access markets, to include the entire Latin American region. This illustrates how UPU and similar institutions can provide a framework for geographically based engagements, fostering collaboration on a global scale.

Moreover, the vital role played by post offices as critical infrastructure was emphasized. Post offices have proven to be critical in delivering medications and other essential supplies, especially during challenging times. It was also mentioned that many postal operators, like Correos, are state-owned and are currently undergoing transformation, which requires adequate investment.

The discussion highlighted the importance of understanding the value chain and working in partnerships with governments, regulators, companies, and customs. Post offices, which are subject to the standards and trade barriers set by others, including customs and regulations, sometimes face challenges as they are not the ones determining these standards.

In conclusion, the speakers’ discussion covered various aspects of postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and MSMEs. They emphasized the need to support postal infrastructure for trade and growth, increase investment in women-led businesses, tackle challenges related to digitization, training, and connectivity, address red tape and trade barriers, and recognize the critical role of post offices as infrastructure. Their arguments were supported by various facts and examples, highlighting the importance of collaboration and partnerships in achieving sustainable and inclusive development.

Audience

The Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is offering its assistance in developing comprehensive project plans to expand postal systems. This initiative aims to attract more funding from donors, supporting the growth and improvement of postal services. The Director of the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation, who is the speaker in this context, has vast experience in dealing with donors regularly. This demonstrates their expertise and ability to effectively package project proposals that can secure financial support from donors.

In addition to the Global Alliance’s support, the audience at the event also expressed agreement regarding the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development. They emphasized that postal services play a significant role not only in trade facilitation but also in other sectors such as agriculture. For instance, a member of the audience from Cรดte d’Ivoire, a primarily agricultural country, highlighted the use of the postal system to promote local products. This illustrates the multifaceted impact and potential of postal systems in supporting economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals related to decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) and zero hunger (SDG 2).

Furthermore, the ambassador present at the event expressed their support for the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and its efforts in developing projects. They also expressed their desire to serve as a bridge between the UPU and their respective capitals. The representative of Rwanda, a country recognised for its accomplishments in postal system development, showcases a commitment to international collaboration and partnerships for the advancement of postal services. This aligns with SDG 9, which focuses on industry, innovation, and infrastructure, as well as SDG 17, which emphasises partnerships for the goals.

To summarise, the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is ready to provide invaluable support in the form of well-packaged project plans to expand postal systems, aiming to attract financial support from donors. The consensus among the audience further emphasises the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development, with notable contributions in sectors such as agriculture. Lastly, the ambassador’s support for the UPU and their intention to facilitate collaboration between the UPU and their capitals exemplify the dedication to international partnerships for the betterment of postal services worldwide.

A

Audience

Speech speed

147 words per minute

Speech length

628 words

Speech time

257 secs

EF

Elena Fernรกndez Rodrรญguez

Speech speed

124 words per minute

Speech length

1399 words

Speech time

678 secs

MW

Matthew Wilson

Speech speed

188 words per minute

Speech length

3039 words

Speech time

968 secs

PI

Phlippe Isler (Moderator)

Speech speed

168 words per minute

Speech length

2231 words

Speech time

796 secs

SS

Siva Somasundram

Speech speed

179 words per minute

Speech length

331 words

Speech time

111 secs

SA

Susan Alexander

Speech speed

159 words per minute

Speech length

1389 words

Speech time

524 secs

TU

Tadhim Uwizeye

Speech speed

154 words per minute

Speech length

2418 words

Speech time

940 secs

Employing AI for consumer grievance redressal mechanisms in e-commerce (CUTS)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Marilia Maciel

The analysis explores different perspectives on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on consumer service and rights. One argument put forth is that AI can significantly improve resolution time and consumer service. It is highlighted that AI has no downtime or learning curve, making it an efficient tool for handling consumer complaints. Moreover, AI has the capability to analyse large volumes of complaints, enabling companies to allocate resources more effectively. Additionally, AI allows for predictive analysis, enabling problems to be solved before they reach the consumers. These points suggest that AI has the potential to enhance the overall consumer experience in terms of quick and effective issue resolution.

However, there have been instances where companies have chosen to rely solely on AI for customer service, refusing to switch to human interaction. This is seen as a negative trend, as it can lead to unsatisfactory consumer experiences. An example is mentioned of a personal experience with a car hailing and food delivery company, where the automated customer service system was the only means of communication and failed to resolve the problem.

The analysis also raises the issue of digital literacy and inequalities in different countries. It is stated that even in large countries like Brazil and India, there are varied levels of digital literacy. Many people are not aware of their rights to seek remedies, which suggests the need for international organisations to focus on smaller, less resourceful countries to address these digital disparities.

Furthermore, it is argued that AI needs to be tailored to cater to different needs and levels of digital literacy. This includes incorporating different forms of input like voice and typing and providing options to seek human help when required. Such adaptations are crucial to ensure that AI solutions are accessible and beneficial for users with varying levels of digital literacy.

In addition, the analysis highlights the importance of ensuring that AI solutions work efficiently on mobile devices, given that a majority of people in developing countries access the internet through mobiles. This underscores the need for AI to be compatible with mobile technology to reach a wider audience and effectively deliver its benefits.

Another key point raised is the need for localised content and personalised solutions. It is emphasised that tailored content is critical in understanding and solving problems. This highlights the importance of considering cultural and regional contexts when implementing AI solutions to address consumer issues.

Lastly, the analysis acknowledges that offline options and human-entity interaction should be provided as part of the consumer redress mechanism. It is noted that many people in developing countries may not be comfortable with solving issues online, and trust can be enhanced through face-to-face interaction. This suggests the need for a balanced approach that combines AI with traditional offline methods to accommodate diverse consumer preferences.

Overall, the analysis presents a comprehensive examination of the impact of AI on consumer service and rights. It highlights the potential benefits of AI in improving resolution time and service quality, while also addressing concerns related to the lack of human interaction, digital literacy inequalities, and the need for personalised solutions. By considering these different perspectives, stakeholders can make informed decisions on how to effectively integrate AI into consumer service and ensure fair and accessible assistance for all.

Teresa Moreira

During the discussion on consumer protection and technology, several key topics were explored. One of the main points raised was the importance of online dispute resolution platforms. The speakers highlighted that businesses should make available complaints handling mechanisms to address consumer grievances effectively. By subscribing to domestic and international standards in this area, businesses can ensure fair resolutions and maintain consumer trust.

Cooperation agreements in the field of dispute resolution were also emphasized as promising. The speakers noted that out of the 108 countries that responded to the questionnaire, 34 countries have already established cooperation agreements. Furthermore, 78 countries have specific consumer law provisions on dispute resolution. These figures illustrate the increasing recognition of the need for cooperation and collaboration in resolving cross-border consumer disputes.

Concerns and challenges surrounding the use of technology in consumer protection were also discussed. It was noted that consumers tend to mistrust the online environment, which presents a barrier to the effective implementation of digital solutions. Additionally, businesses, especially smaller ones, need to overcome their hesitancy towards using technology and become more comfortable with its capabilities. Building trust among users and addressing technological concerns are crucial for advancing consumer protection measures in the digital era.

The regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) was another focal point of the discussion. The speakers acknowledged the potential of AI while highlighting the need to regulate associated risks. Initiatives such as the US executive order and the EU’s efforts to classify AI according to risk levels demonstrate ongoing efforts to strike a balance between leveraging AI’s potential and ensuring it is used responsibly to safeguard consumer rights.

The lack of standardization in AI applications was raised as a concern. It was noted that there is currently no standardized format for AI applications, which may hamper its future effectiveness. Establishing common guidelines and standards for AI can contribute to its responsible and ethical development, ensuring that it benefits consumers and society as a whole.

The speakers also stressed the importance of regional and international cooperation in consumer protection. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was highlighted as the focal point for consumer protection within the United Nations. The promotion of knowledge and experience exchanges, particularly with advanced countries supporting resource-constrained ones, can foster effective consumer protection measures globally.

Lastly, the significance of multi-stakeholder focus groups in technological development was emphasized. This approach, which involves including consumers, businesses, and member states, ensures that the interests of all relevant stakeholders are considered. By engaging multiple perspectives, innovative solutions can be developed to address the evolving challenges in consumer protection.

In conclusion, the discussion on consumer protection and technology highlighted the need for effective measures in the digital age. Online dispute resolution platforms, cooperation agreements, regulation of AI, trust-building through technology, international cooperation, and multi-stakeholder engagement were all identified as key components in advancing consumer protection. By addressing these areas, policymakers and businesses can work towards creating a secure and trustworthy digital environment for consumers while promoting innovation and economic growth.

Kritika Sethi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a transformative impact on the dispute resolution landscape in India. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, technology played a minimal role in the Indian legal system. However, since the onset of the pandemic, various stakeholders, including the judiciary, governments, and lawyers, have embraced technology and incorporated AI into the resolution of disputes.

One significant development is the emergence of online dispute resolution (ODR) mechanisms that leverage AI. ODR, facilitated by AI, offers a significantly shorter timeline for resolving disputes compared to traditional methods. While court proceedings and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods could take years to reach a resolution, ODR aims to resolve disputes within 90 days. AI technology automates multiple steps in the process, such as serving notices and recording proceedings, enabling such efficiency. This expedited resolution of disputes benefits all parties involved, saving them time, resources, and unnecessary prolonged conflicts.

Furthermore, the integration of digital public infrastructure with grievance redressal mechanisms holds significant potential for the Indian market. A prime example of this is the United Payments Interface (UPI), which has revolutionized the Indian digital payments landscape. Similarly, the integration of digital public infrastructure could be transformative in streamlining the grievance redressal process. By creating an effective, accessible platform for resolving consumer disputes, similar to UPI, individuals will be empowered to seek redress for their grievances efficiently, leading to greater consumer satisfaction and trust in the market.

It is crucial to note that an efficient consumer grievance redressal mechanism plays a vital role in preventing conflicts from escalating into formal disputes. By addressing conflicts at their early stages, before they escalate, an effective mechanism can save time, effort, and costs for all parties involved while promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions. However, to achieve this, a robust consumer grievance redressal mechanism is necessary. This mechanism should be designed to address conflicts promptly and provide timely resolutions, utilizing technology and AI to enhance efficiency and effectiveness.

In conclusion, AI has brought about a paradigm shift in the Indian dispute resolution landscape. With the adoption of ODR and the integration of digital public infrastructure, India has the potential to enhance its legal system, ensuring swift and accessible resolution of disputes. By leveraging technology and AI, stakeholders can benefit from faster and more efficient resolutions, ultimately promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions in the country’s legal landscape.

Ujjwal Kumar

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool with the potential to revolutionise consumer governance. It offers several benefits, including improved efficiency, scalability, response times, and the delivery of justice. By leveraging AI, consumer governance mechanisms can be enhanced, making them more effective in resolving disputes and ensuring fair outcomes for consumers. Furthermore, AI can also facilitate the adoption of proper online dispute resolution (ODR) systems, enabling consumers to access mechanisms for resolving conflicts in a timely and effective manner.

However, alongside these advancements, it is crucial to acknowledge the risks associated with the use of AI in consumer governance. Concerns have been raised regarding data privacy, as AI systems rely heavily on consumer data, which may be susceptible to breaches or unauthorised access. Additionally, biases in AI decision-making processes, stemming from biased training data or algorithmic flaws, can have detrimental consequences. Over-reliance on technology may also result in a lack of human intervention or oversight, potentially undermining the overall fairness and ethicality of consumer governance. Furthermore, the possibility of cyber security threats presents a significant risk, as malicious actors could exploit vulnerabilities within AI systems, potentially crippling the entire consumer governance infrastructure.

Moreover, there has been a decline in priority given to consumer-driven businesses in some countries, particularly in India and Europe. This decrease in emphasis has been observed within the G20 discourse, particularly with the discontinuation of the G20 Consumer Summit. However, Ujjwal Kumar, an advocate for reviving the consumer-driven business mechanism, argues for its revitalisation within the G20 discourse. Kumar highlights the importance of consumer-driven businesses in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). To pursue this idea, Kumar has partnered with Brazilian authorities to garner support and attention towards this cause.

Additionally, the existence of a digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa poses challenges to the implementation of AI in consumer governance. Teresa Moreira points out the difficulties faced by sub-Saharan African countries, as well as small developing island states in the Caribbean and the Pacific, in bridging the digital divide. This digital divide underscores the importance of addressing infrastructural gaps and providing access to AI technologies to ensure inclusivity and equitable use of AI in consumer governance.

In response to the need for a comprehensive approach, India is promoting the concept of digital public infrastructure. This initiative aims to establish a robust foundation for digital services, including consumer-driven modules. One proposal is to incorporate a consumer rights literacy module in the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), which could enhance consumer awareness and protection. However, it is important to consider the possibility of a cultural divide arising from biases in AI training data, as this could perpetuate and amplify existing inequalities.

In conclusion, while AI holds immense potential for transforming consumer governance, it is crucial to address the associated risks and challenges. The decline in priority given to consumer-driven businesses highlights the need for renewed attention to this aspect within international forums such as the G20. Moreover, bridging the digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa and incorporating consumer-driven modules in digital public infrastructure initiatives, like the ONDC, are essential steps towards ensuring inclusive and effective implementation of AI in consumer governance. By striking the right balance, AI can be harnessed as a powerful tool to drive positive change and protect consumer rights in the modern digital era.

Rashika Narain

The analysis reveals several key findings regarding the capabilities of large language models and the challenges of integrating AI technology for consumer protection.

Large language models have evolved and can now perform various functions, such as calling APIs, recognizing images, and dealing with multiple languages. OpenAI has been working on these models, which have the potential to facilitate communication between sellers and buyers who speak different languages. This highlights their importance in enhancing global commerce.

However, integrating AI technology for consumer protection faces challenges due to the absence of standardized solutions. While open networks for digital commerce exist, they often lack consumer protection measures. To address this, state or regulatory bodies should encourage the development of standardized solutions and their integration with AI technology. This will enable effective scaling up of consumer grievances and resolution.

The use of AI in resolving consumer disputes can increase efficiency and provide contextual resolution. Different types of AI solutions are needed based on the nature of the dispute. Therefore, the availability of robust open data sets that contain contextual information becomes crucial for training or fine-tuning AI models.

Furthermore, the integration of AI alongside human escalation is recommended. Depending on the nature of the dispute, some cases may require AI assistance in forming case files and escalating quickly, while others could benefit from AI-assisted negotiation. This combination of AI and human intervention ensures a comprehensive approach to resolving consumer grievances.

Finally, technology should be considered the fifth layer in grievance redress, and mediators and arbitrators should receive training in utilizing it effectively. Online alternative dispute resolution requires a deep understanding of technology, with technology being referred to as the “fourth intermediary” in this context. By incorporating technology into the dispute resolution process, consumer grievances can be addressed more effectively.

In summary, the analysis highlights the advancements in large language models and their potential to perform various functions. However, integrating AI technology for consumer protection presents challenges that require standardized solutions. The use of AI can enhance efficiency in resolving consumer disputes, but different AI solutions are needed for different types of disputes. The integration of AI with human escalation and considering technology as the fifth layer in grievance redress are recommended approaches.

KS

Kritika Sethi

Speech speed

136 words per minute

Speech length

1077 words

Speech time

475 secs

MM

Marilia Maciel

Speech speed

185 words per minute

Speech length

2015 words

Speech time

653 secs

RN

Rashika Narain

Speech speed

176 words per minute

Speech length

912 words

Speech time

310 secs

TM

Teresa Moreira

Speech speed

131 words per minute

Speech length

2014 words

Speech time

925 secs

UK

Ujjwal Kumar

Speech speed

135 words per minute

Speech length

2144 words

Speech time

955 secs

Empowering education through connectivity ( Giga – UNICEF and ITU joint initiative)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Carolina Desmeules

IHS Towers, a company operating in emerging markets, has expressed its support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative. The company shares a mission with the initiative, as they both aim to connect remote areas to the internet. IHS Towers believes that connectivity is crucial for education and economic development.

To support their mission, IHS Towers has sponsored STEM and IT labs in emerging markets and shared tower data to connect schools in remote regions. They are also committed to sustainable development and maximizing the use of their towers. This includes powering remote rural areas with solar and battery power systems, and exploring innovative ideas like adding IT services in recycled shipping containers at tower sites.

IHS Towers emphasizes the importance of corporations sharing data to support government efforts in connecting schools. They have already shared tower data with the Giga team in six countries, contributing to the connectivity of schools in underserved areas.

In addition, IHS Towers prioritizes corporate social responsibility and community development. They have partnered with local universities and technical institutions to establish internship programs, which benefit both the corporations and the local communities. This approach strengthens the corporation’s social license to operate.

The company recognizes the long-term impact of partnerships with tower companies for sustained connectivity. Once towers are built, they remain in place, making partnerships crucial.

Private sector investment in connectivity is influenced by usage rates. IHS Towers acknowledges that operators are more likely to invest in areas where customers are willing to buy data packages.

The company is dedicated to connecting remote villages, as they understand the challenges involved in bridging the digital divide.

Digital literacy is another aspect emphasized by IHS Towers. They emphasize the importance of having the necessary skills to fully utilize internet access.

Continued investment in emerging markets is vital for community growth. IHS Towers encourages thinking creatively and finding innovative ways to invest in these markets, including upskilling local labor forces and encouraging established institutions to establish affiliated universities.

In summary, IHS Towers actively promotes connectivity and digital literacy in emerging markets through their support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative, sponsorship of STEM and IT labs, data sharing, and sustainable solutions. They prioritize corporate social responsibility, community development, and the nurturing of local talent. Their commitment to these principles contributes to their goal of connecting the unconnected and making a positive impact in these regions.

Dawit Bekele

The Internet Society, a non-profit organisation, advocates for partnerships to improve internet connectivity. They collaborate with technology experts, policy-makers, and organisations involved in capacity building to promote connectivity globally. Their goal is to provide internet access to remote areas using community networks, recognising the self-sufficiency of these communities in solving their own connectivity challenges. However, they also highlight the policy and regulatory obstacles that hinder internet connectivity, particularly in remote regions where both technological and regulatory issues need to be addressed.

Quality education is a major challenge in developing countries like Ethiopia, leading to social instability and limited access to textbooks. With approximately 30 million students in Ethiopia, the lack of quality education results in a large number of unskilled job seekers. Furthermore, students from rural areas often migrate to cities and can be easily influenced by extremist groups, exacerbating social instability. The Internet Society emphasises the significance of enhancing the quality of education for the overall development of these countries.

The distribution of education resources in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia, is inefficient and challenging. Distributing books to the 30 million students in Ethiopia is a daunting task, especially in rural areas with poor road connectivity. Even after curriculum changes, students still lack access to textbooks, negatively impacting the quality of education. Recent data shows that less than four percent of students in Ethiopia have passed their exams in the last two years, highlighting the inadequacy of education quality.

To address these challenges, the Internet Society proposes leveraging technological advancements in education and providing internet connectivity to remote schools. They argue that connectivity is crucial for ensuring the availability of quality books, which can be made accessible digitally and in a timely manner. However, despite the potential benefits, many schools in developing countries, particularly in remote regions, continue to lack internet connectivity, posing a significant obstacle to achieving quality education.

It is crucial to recognise that internet connectivity for schools should be viewed as a necessity rather than a luxury. Many connectivity projects are often completed without adequate follow-up due to resource limitations or a lack of prioritisation. Internet connectivity should be considered an integral part of a school’s mission. However, many schools cannot afford the operational costs associated with internet connectivity. Therefore, initiatives should come from the community and businesses that can support the necessary infrastructure financially.

The Internet Society emphasises the importance of sustainability, highlighting that countries and communities themselves play a vital role in maintaining connectivity. While efforts like GIGA can provide technological support and create awareness, the initiative to connect schools to the internet should originate from the local communities. Sustainability requires commitment at both the political and community levels, including financial contributions from the communities for connectivity.

The private sector is also encouraged to view supporting connectivity as a corporate social responsibility, as schools produce the human resources that businesses will eventually need. Furthermore, universal service funds, which are often underutilised, can be effectively utilised to connect schools and improve access to education.

Overall, improving the quality of education remains an ongoing challenge, and internet connectivity holds the promise of bridging the educational gap in developing countries. While developing nations may not have the resources to build large physical libraries, the internet provides access to the largest electronic libraries available. Through partnerships, policy reforms, community involvement, and technological advancements, the Internet Society aims to address these challenges and unlock the potential of quality education for all.

H.E. Aurora Dรญaz-Rato

Spain has shown a keen interest in the Giga Initiative due to its strong alignment with SDG4, which focuses on quality education. They firmly believe that digital transformation is a crucial tool for achieving inclusive and sustainable development. Spain recognises the value of the Giga Initiative in working towards SDG4 and views digital transformation as a transformative tool in achieving their development goals. This showcases Spain’s proactive attitude and dedication to advancing digitalization for the betterment of society.

Furthermore, Spain greatly appreciates the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of the Giga Initiative. In addition to participating in multilateral efforts at the United Nations and Europe, Spain is actively engaging different actors within their own country. They believe that the involvement of various stakeholders, including the private sector, local communities, and national governments, is essential for successful development. By integrating these actors, Spain aims to foster collaboration and create a comprehensive approach that addresses the needs of all parties involved.

Recognizing the need to bridge the gap in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Spain sees digital tools as an opportunity to leapfrog development. They emphasize the transformative potential of digitalization in accelerating progress towards the SDGs. Spain acknowledges that the current pace of development is insufficient and believes that digitalization can play a vital role in closing this gap.

The choice of Barcelona as the location for the Giga Initiative is considered highly beneficial. Spain highlights the city’s abundance of human capital and vibrant environment as significant advantages. Barcelona’s scientific and private sectors provide ideal conditions for collaboration and innovation, making it an attractive hub for the Giga Initiative.

Spain is also excited about the opportunity for future collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the Giga project, particularly in relation to the Global Refugee Forum. Spain hopes to bring an interesting addition to the Giga project by collaborating with the ITU at this forum. This demonstrates Spain’s enthusiasm for expanding partnerships and exploring new avenues for collaboration within the Giga Initiative.

In conclusion, Spain’s strong interest in the Giga Initiative is driven by its alignment with SDG4 and the belief in digital transformation as a transformative tool for inclusive and sustainable development. Spain’s appreciation for the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of Giga, their recognition of digital tools as a means to leapfrog development, and the benefits of Barcelona as the chosen location, further underline their commitment to achieving their development goals. Spain’s excitement for future collaboration with the ITU in the Giga project reinforces their dedication to innovative partnerships within this initiative.

Saloni Korlimarla

In the last decade, there has been a significant evolution in the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools. It is now widely recognised that internet connectivity plays an essential role in education. This shift in perception has been further highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has necessitated the adoption of remote learning and exposed the digital divide that exists in access to connectivity.

Efforts by organisations such as GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF have been instrumental in connecting schools by collaborating with governments. These partnerships aim to address the connectivity gap by placing it at the top of educational agendas. The success of these partnerships relies on the importance of having a shared vision and a mutual understanding of each other’s strengths and expertise. One notable example is the collaboration between GIGA and IHS Towers, which has resulted in the development of an app that not only provides funding but also offers technical assistance and data. The data provided by IHS Towers is used to calculate the distance of a school from the nearest cell tower and estimate the cost of connecting a school using different technologies.

A key element in ensuring connectivity for schools is the collaboration between the public and private sectors. The approach needs to be multi-sectoral, with both sectors coming together to address the connectivity challenges that cannot be resolved within the classroom itself. GIGA operates as a tech startup within the UN system and leverages technical expertise from ITU and UNICEF. Its existing relationships with governments in various countries enable the quick implementation of innovations.

GIGA has developed an app that provides real-time connectivity updates and can be installed on user devices in schools. This app has been successfully deployed in 5,000 schools in Kazakhstan, covering around 70% of all schools in the country. Additionally, GIGA is actively exploring the development of new products, such as “connectivity credits,” which link government incentives to service provision by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). These incentives can encourage telecom companies to invest in remote connectivity, even if they may be hesitant to do so due to financial concerns.

To further stimulate connectivity provision, GIGA is considering the implementation of an investment fund. This fund would aim to provide the necessary financial resources to support connectivity initiatives. The ultimate goal is to incentivise telecom companies and other stakeholders to contribute to the mission of connecting more students and schools to the internet, thus contributing to the achievement of SDG 4 (Quality Education).

In conclusion, the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools has significantly evolved. Efforts by organisations like GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF, in collaboration with governments, have played a crucial role in addressing the digital divide. Successful partnerships, a multi-sectoral approach, and the development of innovative solutions, such as the app developed by GIGA, have shown promising results in connecting schools and improving educational opportunities. However, there is still a long way to go, with 1.3 billion children remaining offline. By incentivising telecom companies and fostering increased partnerships, GIGA aims to connect more students and schools to the internet, making a significant contribution to achieving SDG 4 and ensuring quality education for all.

Alex Wong

The Giga Initiative is a connectivity project that aims to provide universal internet access to schools around the world. It addresses the critical issue of millions of schools lacking internet connectivity, with approximately six million schools in need of being connected. This lack of connectivity affects 500 million students who do not have access to the internet. Furthermore, a staggering 2.6 billion people worldwide are still without any form of internet connection.

The initiative operates by mapping the locations of schools to identify areas that require connectivity. By doing so, Giga can determine the best technology to connect these schools. Through its efforts, Giga helps countries finance and contract for the required connectivity, ensuring that schools have the necessary resources to deliver internet access to their students. This approach enables Giga to make significant progress in bridging the digital divide.

Several examples highlight the successful implementation of Giga’s initiative. In Sierra Leone, Giga has undertaken the mapping of schools to identify areas that lack connectivity. This mapping enables targeted efforts to provide internet access where it is most needed. In Zimbabwe, Giga has employed modeling techniques to assess and determine the most effective technology to deliver connectivity. This approach ensures that the connectivity solutions adopted are the most suitable for each school. In Rwanda, Giga’s involvement has been instrumental in reducing the price of connectivity, thereby making it more accessible to schools and students. By providing pricing information, Giga has helped the government make informed decisions and take actions that positively impact connectivity costs.

To expand its reach and impact, Giga has strategic plans in place. It intends to leverage its Technology Centre in Barcelona and its Geneva headquarters. The Technology Centre in Barcelona will focus on developing open-source products and technologies that facilitate connectivity. This will contribute to the continuous enhancement and improvement of connectivity solutions. The Geneva headquarters will serve as a hub for learning, finance, blockchain, and procurement expertise. These areas of focus highlight Giga’s commitment to the comprehensive approach required to address connectivity challenges.

Overall, the sentiment towards Giga and its initiative is positive. The project’s aim to provide universal internet access through schools demonstrates a commendable commitment to advancing education and bridging the digital divide. Through its mapping and modeling efforts, Giga ensures that connectivity is targeted and effective. By helping countries finance and contract for connectivity, Giga brings tangible solutions to the table. The planned expansion through the Technology Centre in Barcelona and the Geneva headquarters indicates a strategic approach toward scaling up the initiative. Giga’s work holds significant potential for creating a more connected and inclusive world.

Christine Sund

Connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring significant benefits to the wider community. The internet is a powerful tool that can overcome barriers and challenges that prevent the larger community from accessing online resources. Christine Sund, an advocate for connectivity in schools, believes that this connection allows not only schools but also health centers and community centers to have internet access. By providing these institutions with internet access, they can provide better services to the community and access a wider range of resources that benefit the community as a whole.

Data sharing is also crucial for the growth and development of both corporations and communities. Carolina, for example, has shared over 30,000 tower locations with the Giga team in the past two years, with plans for expansion in South Africa and Brazil. This data sharing not only facilitates the expansion of internet infrastructure but also promotes collaboration and innovation. By sharing valuable information, corporations and communities can work together to achieve common goals and drive progress.

Internship programs play a vital role in helping local communities grow. Carolina, for instance, has implemented operational internship programs in all the countries they work in. These programs have proven effective in hiring and training local talent, ultimately contributing to the economic growth and development of these communities. Christine Sund herself acknowledges the value of internships, particularly for individuals trying to secure their first jobs. She highlights the challenges faced by young people in Africa when it comes to getting their foot in the door, emphasizing the positive impact that internships can have in addressing this issue.

While connecting schools to the internet is essential, sustaining this connectivity after the initial project ends can be challenging. Many connectivity projects fail to be sustained once the initial funding runs out, as school budgets often cannot cover the operational costs of maintaining connectivity. This is where community involvement becomes crucial. Carolina promotes the idea of communities taking the initiative in connectivity with external help. They argue that businesses within these communities are better equipped to sustain the network, ensuring that the benefits of internet connectivity continue to reach schools and the wider community.

In conclusion, connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring numerous benefits to the wider community. It breaks down barriers to online access and enables other institutions, such as health centers and community centers, to join the digital age. Data sharing fosters growth and collaboration, while internship programs help local communities develop by nurturing local talent. However, community involvement is crucial in sustaining school connectivity beyond the initial project. By working together and taking the initiative, businesses within communities can ensure that the benefits of internet connectivity are enjoyed by all.

Audience

The discussions revolved around the potential of connecting schools as a means to transform the education system and drive economic development. This initiative, known as the Giga initiative, has implemented real-time connectivity monitoring, allowing for immediate follow-ups when schools go offline. This was seen as a positive development that could have a significant impact.

However, it was also noted that the sustainability of connectivity models is crucial for maintaining and maximizing the transformative potential of school connectivity. Further details or evidence to support this stance were not provided, so it remains to be explored how this sustainability can be achieved effectively.

Private sector collaboration was identified as a key factor in successful public-private partnership projects. Specifically, the need for collaboration through procurement or partnerships was highlighted. It was argued that the private sector’s involvement is necessary to drive these projects forward, indicating a positive sentiment towards such collaborations.

The importance of finding innovative solutions and establishing strategic partnerships within the UN system was stressed. There was interest in exploring the potential for long-term projects and partnerships, as well as understanding supply chain levels. This highlights a positive sentiment towards innovation and the need for strategic partnerships.

Cooperation and partnerships between international organizations were commended, with one speaker referring to a project as a “shining example” of such collaboration. This indicates a positive sentiment towards such cooperation and recognizes its value in achieving goals.

Digital literacy was identified as a crucial aspect that needs to be prioritized before connectivity for proper awareness. The relevance and importance of this point were stated, without further elaboration or evidence provided.

Financial literacy was also recognized as an important aspect, although no specific details or evidence were mentioned to support this argument.

The challenges of improving education, especially in Africa, were highlighted. One speaker referenced a significant failure rate in their country’s exam, emphasizing the need for attention and improvement in this area. This reflects a negative sentiment towards the current state of education in Africa.

The need to make those involved in the education system aware of the benefits and their role in its success was stressed. It was noted that keeping the individuals involved aware could address root causes and contribute to a solution. This highlights a positive sentiment towards creating awareness and promoting self-dependency.

Lastly, the roles of the international community, government, and private sector in maintaining the system were emphasized. It was suggested that when certain individuals or entities are absent, there can be negative consequences for the system. This indicates a neutral sentiment, without assigning blame but acknowledging the importance of all stakeholders in maintaining education systems.

In conclusion, the discussions highlighted the potential of connecting schools to transform education and promote economic development. The sustainability of connectivity models, private sector collaboration, strategic partnerships, and innovative solutions were recognized as important factors in achieving these goals. The need for digital and financial literacy, as well as addressing the challenges in education, particularly in Africa, were highlighted. Creating awareness and fostering cooperation between international organizations, the government, and the private sector were also seen as crucial in maintaining the education system.

It is important to note that while some arguments were supported by evidence or specific examples, others lacked further details or evidence. This indicates potential areas for future research or exploration to fully understand the impact and effectiveness of certain initiatives and approaches discussed.

AW

Alex Wong

Speech speed

188 words per minute

Speech length

1985 words

Speech time

632 secs

A

Audience

Speech speed

138 words per minute

Speech length

681 words

Speech time

295 secs

CD

Carolina Desmeules

Speech speed

175 words per minute

Speech length

2183 words

Speech time

747 secs

CS

Christine Sund

Speech speed

166 words per minute

Speech length

2575 words

Speech time

931 secs

DB

Dawit Bekele

Speech speed

136 words per minute

Speech length

2503 words

Speech time

1101 secs

HA

H.E. Aurora Dรญaz-Rato

Speech speed

163 words per minute

Speech length

621 words

Speech time

228 secs

SK

Saloni Korlimarla

Speech speed

181 words per minute

Speech length

1650 words

Speech time

548 secs

Empowering pacific e-commerce through data-driven decision-making (PIFS)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

James Rueda

The analysis explores the positive impact of digital trade on global supply chains and the overall economy. It highlights that digital trade offers transformative opportunities for economic recovery and inclusive development. COVID-19 has heightened the significance of technology in global supply chains and the global economy, thereby demonstrating the importance of digital trade. Furthermore, digital trade opens up enormous opportunities to accelerate economic recovery and promote inclusive development.

Access to and sharing of data play a crucial role in the digital economy. Quality and accessible data are essential for setting benchmarks, monitoring progress, and inspiring innovation. This emphasizes the need for policies that facilitate data accessibility and sharing. Such policies enable businesses to pick up new opportunities and drive economic growth.

Support for the Pacific e-commerce portal is viewed positively, as it provides a collaborative platform to enhance economic opportunities in the Pacific region. Australia is actively supporting this initiative, recognizing its potential to foster economic development and cooperation.

The Joint Statement Initiative (JSI) aims to develop a global set of rules on digital trade adapted to the unique challenges and opportunities of the digital economy. The JSI brings together 90 World Trade Organization (WTO) members, representing 90% of global trade. This collaborative effort intends to facilitate the growth of digital trade by creating a conducive regulatory environment.

Promoting paperless trading rules is seen as a beneficial step, as digitizing key trade documents can lead to significant cost and time savings. Additionally, the trade facilitation digital trade rule guarantees the creation of data, which is valuable for various purposes.

The analysis also underscores the importance of open government data trading rules. Implementing such rules would enhance public access and use of government data, fostering economic and social development, competitiveness, and innovation. For instance, Spain’s open data trial has not only created jobs but has also proven economically beneficial.

Consumer protection measures and trust-building initiatives are essential for building trust in online trade. This highlights the influential role that an article on consumer protection can play in creating a secure and reliable online trading environment.

Digital trade rules are recognized as providing opportunities for businesses of all sizes. Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) face significant regulatory barriers, compliance costs, and difficulties in participating in supply chains. The JSI aims to address these hurdles and provide solutions, thus promoting inclusive economic growth and reducing income inequalities among countries.

It is essential for developing countries to be a part of discussions regarding digital trade rules. The JSI takes into account different levels of development and endeavors to involve developing countries in shaping these rules. By ensuring inclusivity, the JSI supports sustainable consumption and production patterns and strengthens the means of implementation for sustainable development.

Finally, Australia’s commitment to developing an inclusive agreement demonstrates its dedication to promoting peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development and reducing income inequality. This commitment aligns with the broader goal of achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

In conclusion, the analysis highlights the positive effects of digital trade on global supply chains and the economy. It emphasizes the transformative opportunities it offers for economic recovery and inclusive development. Access to data, support for regional e-commerce portals, the JSI’s efforts to develop global digital trade rules, paperless trading, open government data trading rules, consumer protection measures, and inclusion of developing countries in discussions are all crucial steps towards maximizing the benefits of digital trade. Australia’s commitment to an inclusive agreement further demonstrates the importance of collaboration and inclusivity in shaping the future of digital trade.

Evelyn Wareham

The Pacific e-commerce project is aligned with the goal of sustainable Pacific development through science, knowledge, and information. However, challenges in collecting e-commerce data include issues with data availability, licensing, and accessibility, which hinder accurate measurement of e-commerce activities in the region. Additionally, capacity limitations in Pacific data collection due to the small size of countries and their National Statistics Offices limit their ability to produce timely and comprehensive economic statistics.

To address these challenges, the Pacific Community (SPC) provides hands-on assistance and capacity development to small countries, including running censuses, data processing and analysis, and generating reports. The World Bank and IMF also offer assistance. Regular updates of e-commerce indicators are necessary, and the project aims to improve data availability by automating international reporting requirements.

Business surveys are seen as valuable for detailed economic statistics, but few Pacific countries conduct them and require help with design and execution. There is also interest in leveraging big data sources for a richer understanding of e-commerce transactions, following successful examples in Asia and Latin America.

Additional funding, staff, and technical capacity are needed to achieve future milestones. Technology is seen as a tool to automate and enhance data collection and presentation, including interactive visualizations and dashboards for easy access. Combining data with analysis, reports, and research provides a comprehensive understanding of the situation.

In conclusion, the Pacific e-commerce project supports sustainable development through science, knowledge, and information. Despite challenges in data collection and capacity limitations, the SPC provides valuable support. Regular updates, business surveys, and exploring big data sources are key areas of focus. Additional funding and technology leverage are necessary for future milestones. The combination of data, analysis, and research informs decision-making.

Scarlett Fondeur Gil

The collection of e-commerce statistics in developing countries, including the Pacific, presents various challenges. These challenges arise due to competing priorities, limited resources, and coverage constraints. Furthermore, the concept and definitions of e-commerce are still evolving and being agreed upon between countries. As a result, there is a lack of comprehensive e-commerce data in these regions.

However, efforts are being made by organizations such as the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and regional counterparts like the Pacific Community (SPC) to address these challenges. UNCTAD has established a working group that focuses on measuring e-commerce and the digital economy. They are actively involved in developing methodologies, providing resources, and offering capacity-building initiatives to enhance the collection of e-commerce statistics. Additionally, UNCTAD offers online training courses on indicators of e-commerce and the use of information and communication technology (ICT) by businesses.

Regional counterparts like SPC play a crucial role in supporting the collection and utilization of e-commerce data. SPC, being situated in the same region as national statistical offices, understands the unique challenges these offices face and can provide tailored support in data collection. They have also played a significant role in delivering online training courses in the Pacific.

It is essential for policymakers to push for e-commerce data collection, as the limited resources of national statistical offices will not be allocated to this task without demand. The collected data should be of value and usefulness to policymakers to justify the efforts put into data collection.

UNCTAD’s data collection efforts primarily focus on compiling national trade data. While this provides valuable insights, it may not address specific e-commerce activities such as the use of the internet by enterprises for e-commerce or the values of transactions. Indicators of interest include whether businesses are using the internet for e-commerce, whether they engage in online ordering or selling, and the value of these transactions.

UNCTAD takes a proactive approach in addressing challenges in data collection. They have a manual for methodological development, revised in 2020, and convene a working group annually to explore alternative data sources when traditional survey-based data may not be sufficient. This demonstrates their commitment to revisiting statistical definitions and seeking innovative solutions.

The integration of insights on measuring the value of e-commerce and specifically cross-border e-commerce into existing training courses is a focus for UNCTAD. Ongoing capacity-building workshops, co-organized with international institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and World Trade Organization (WTO), aim to update the data collection process in line with developments in understanding the value of e-commerce.

UNCTAD provides technical assistance and capacity-building initiatives based on formal requests from countries. They also facilitate contact with other players through the E-Trade for All initiative. Additionally, funding for specific needs can be addressed through formal requests, which can then be relayed to the donor community by UNCTAD.

During discussions, Scarlett Fondeur Gil expressed a desire for more in-person participation from the Pacific. However, technical limitations hindered online participation and interaction. Despite these challenges, Scarlett Fondeur Gil intends to improve and increase participation from the Pacific in the future.

Qualitative indicators, which complement quantitative indicators, are often collected through the same survey vehicles. This highlights the importance of capturing both types of indicators to gain a comprehensive understanding of e-commerce.

Pacific Island states require support to implement business surveys, which can provide valuable insights into the digital economy landscape. The ANTA Digital Economy Report for the Pacific offers context to the obstacles present in the enabling environment.

In conclusion, while e-commerce data collection faces challenges in developing countries, initiatives led by UNCTAD, SPC, and other regional counterparts aim to overcome these obstacles. The active involvement of policymakers, capacity-building efforts, and the inclusion of qualitative indicators are crucial for obtaining comprehensive and meaningful e-commerce statistics. With ongoing improvements and collaborations, the availability and quality of e-commerce data in these regions can be enhanced.

Audience

The analysis covers various topics, including data collection, trade rules, internet access, and promoting niche products in international markets.

One perspective highlighted is that of an audience member who questions the usefulness of purely quantitative data without qualitative and contextual understanding. The audience member emphasises that social, cultural, and logistical factors cannot be captured solely through quantitative approaches. They stress the importance of understanding the realities on the ground when formulating policies. This viewpoint is presented with a negative sentiment.

Another argument put forward is that the trade rules presented are not applicable or useful to the Pacific Islands. It is claimed that trade officials and other relevant officials in the Pacific Islands find these rules irrelevant and unworkable. The speaker argues that there might be alternative ways to achieve digital development strategies rather than adhering to these rules. The sentiment associated with this argument is negative.

In terms of internet access, it is highlighted that many businesses and industries in the Pacific regions face challenges in this area. The analysis suggests that the portal should increase its outreach to disadvantaged Pacific businesses and consumers to effectively address these challenges. The sentiment regarding this issue is neutral.

Additionally, it is suggested that the portal should support the promotion of niche products from the Pacific in the European market, specifically in Europe. The analysis indicates that the portal can leverage e-commerce to assist in the development of niche products. It is stated that the Pacific region aims to enhance its presence of niche products in the European market. This perspective is presented with a positive sentiment.

Overall, the analysis provides insights into the importance of qualitative understanding in data collection, the relevance of trade rules to the Pacific Islands, the need for improved internet access outreach, and the potential for promoting niche products in international markets.

Moderator – Andrea Giacomelli

The Pacific e-commerce portal functions as a comprehensive knowledge repository, gathering information on e-commerce and the digital economy. It supports policymakers in making evidence-based decisions by providing easy access to relevant data that can be quickly downloaded, compared, and visualized. The portal was developed through a partnership between UNCTAD and SPC, leveraging their expertise in statistical data and e-commerce.

The SPC plays a crucial role in providing regional services to small governments and organizations, helping them build their statistical capacity. They assist with census data collection, analysis, and report generation, with additional support from partners like the IMF.

However, there is a concern about the lack of data on e-commerce transactions in the portal. The focus has been on elements that enhance e-commerce and digital trade, rather than on the transactions themselves. This raises questions about UNCTAD’s initiatives in establishing data on economic transactions in developing countries. It is suggested that regional partnerships between UNCTAD and SPC could help address this issue.

In addition to the portal, efforts are underway to develop a data visualization platform for the digital economy. This platform aims to make data easily accessible and understandable through visualization techniques and interactive dashboards.

Andrea Giacomelli expresses support for data visualization and emphasizes the importance of providing assistance to countries in implementing it. He also seeks information on UNCTAD’s strategy for data collection in the digital economy and suggests the need for a Pacific representative in the UNCTAD working group to ensure knowledge sharing and stay up to date.

Furthermore, Andrea promotes the involvement of the Pacific region in policy and decision-making processes. He acknowledges the challenges faced by representatives from the Pacific due to the physical distance and highlights the need to address technological limitations for more effective participation.

The representation of Pacific countries’ data within the WTO is inadequate, with 80% of non-WTO members located in the region. This highlights the importance of improving data availability within the WTO Joint Statement Initiative on e-commerce.

Overall, the Pacific e-commerce portal serves as a valuable tool for policymakers, providing them with access to data for informed decision making in the digital economy sector. Efforts are being made to address the lack of transactional data, enhance data visualization capabilities, and increase the involvement of the Pacific region in policy discussions. Improving data representation within the WTO is also a key area of focus.

Andrea Ibba

The Pacific E-commerce portal is a valuable resource that has been developed to provide comprehensive e-commerce-related data for Pacific Island countries. It serves as a knowledge repository, offering four sections dedicated to development, resources, news, and statistics. Within this portal, there is a specific focus on ICT infrastructure and services, with over 40 indicators being provided in the Pacific E-commerce database. This database acts as a valuable source of information for policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders interested in e-commerce in the Pacific region.

One of the key objectives of the portal is to facilitate evidence-based policymaking in the field of e-commerce. By providing quick access to data that can be easily downloaded and analyzed, policymakers are able to make informed decisions. For example, data on internet coverage, usage, and data costs can be compared to guide policy interventions. This emphasis on data-driven decision-making is crucial in promoting the sustainable development of e-commerce in the Pacific Island countries.

Furthermore, the portal acknowledges that while data availability itself may not be a problem, the challenge lies in the fact that the data is often scattered and difficult to access. Therefore, the Pacific E-commerce portal aims to centralise and consolidate the relevant data and make it easily accessible to all interested parties. This improves efficiency and effectiveness in policymaking processes.

The importance of regional collaboration is also highlighted in the context of e-commerce development. The Pacific e-commerce initiative is a result of multi-stakeholder collaboration, with a regional strategy being formulated in partnership with various organisations and partners. By harnessing resources and creating harmonisation and standardisation in digital trade negotiations, regionalism can serve all Pacific members simultaneously, benefiting the entire region as a whole.

Another aspect of the portal worth noting is the inclusion of Business Toolkits. These toolkits are specifically designed to benefit micro and small businesses, particularly those in remote areas. The toolkits go beyond providing guidelines by creating meaningful interactions for businesses. They can be tailored to specific needs and are intended to support the growth and development of micro and small businesses in the e-commerce sector.

In addition to quantitative data, the portal also houses a library repository of strategies, assessments, and reports that focus on qualitative aspects of e-commerce. These resources have been developed by national and international experts and provide in-depth information beyond just raw data. This ensures a holistic approach to e-commerce development, taking into consideration both quantitative and qualitative factors.

Lastly, the portal recognises the importance of protecting creative industries and copyrights, which represents a new topic on the Pacific agenda. The Pacific Policy Makers course, updated annually, covers this topic and underscores the significance of safeguarding these industries in the region.

In conclusion, the Pacific E-commerce portal serves as a valuable resource for Pacific Island countries, providing comprehensive e-commerce-related data and knowledge. By facilitating evidence-based policymaking, promoting regional collaboration, supporting micro and small businesses, providing qualitative resources, and emphasising the protection of creative industries, the portal plays a crucial role in fostering the development of e-commerce in the Pacific region.

AI

Andrea Ibba

Speech speed

176 words per minute

Speech length

2792 words

Speech time

954 secs

A

Audience

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134 words per minute

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460 words

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207 secs

EW

Evelyn Wareham

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938 secs

JR

James Rueda

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172 words per minute

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791 secs

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Moderator – Andrea Giacomelli

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143 words per minute

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Scarlett Fondeur Gil

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140 words per minute

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2209 words

Speech time

946 secs

Empowering the Ethical Supply Chain: steps to responsible sourcing and circular economy (Lenovo)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Speaker 2

The analysis provides a comprehensive overview of several key aspects related to the circular economy and sustainability. It highlights that the circular economy encompasses more than just waste management; it also involves capacity building and partnerships. This suggests that a holistic approach is necessary to fully embrace the circular economy concept.

In terms of data collection in global value chains, the analysis points out the need for effective data collection, integration, and communication to track and measure results. It highlights a specific instance where a blockchain project was halted due to a company refusing to share data along the supply chain. This underscores the importance of transparency and collaboration in achieving sustainable practices within global value chains.

The analysis also delves into the challenges of transitioning from linear to circular production processes. It acknowledges that this shift is not solely about changing the end product but also requires a fundamental change in mindset and operational processes. The analysis emphasizes the difficulty of breaking free from traditional siloed and vertical thinking that often impedes circular economy implementation. This insight highlights the need for a systemic and integrated approach to successfully transition to circular production.

Notably, the analysis sheds light on the priorities of CEOs in private companies, indicating that they tend to focus more on investments, costs, and revenues rather than the environment. The inclusion of environmental considerations in business models can be met with resistance, with many CEOs raising concerns about the financial implications. This observation suggests the importance of addressing the perception that environmental sustainability comes at the expense of financial gains. Bridging this gap and encouraging CEOs to embrace sustainable practices is crucial for achieving climate action goals.

Furthermore, the analysis explores the value of monetizing sustainability and the potential role of a circularity index developed in terms of Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG). It highlights that assigning a monetary value to sustainability can be instrumental in driving sustainable transformations. Additionally, it suggests that the cost of borrowing from financial banks can impact sustainability, further emphasizing the economic aspect of sustainability initiatives.

Finally, the analysis underscores the role of ESG in facilitating the transformation towards sustainability. It mentions the indirect reference to the use of ESG in developing a sustainability transformation mechanism. This indicates that ESG principles, which encompass environmental, social, and corporate governance factors, can play a pivotal role in driving sustainable practices across industries.

In conclusion, the analysis provides a detailed understanding of various components of the circular economy, ranging from capacity building and partnerships to data collection and circular production. It highlights the challenges and potential resistance faced in embracing sustainability within private companies. Additionally, it underscores the significance of monetizing sustainability and the role of ESG in driving sustainable transformations. This analysis offers valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders working towards achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Virginie Le Barbu

The digitalisation of supply chains is considered unavoidable and forms the core of Lenovo’s business model. This digitalisation brings several benefits to supply chains, including improved efficiency, enhanced data accessibility, and accelerated decision-making processes. Lenovo recognises the importance of digitalisation and its impact on supply chain management.

One of the key advantages of digitalisation in supply chains is its ability to manage emissions and promote sustainability. Lenovo estimates that 99% of its scope’s emissions are linked to their downstream and upstream ecosystem. By embracing digitalisation, Lenovo can effectively manage past and future emissions, gain better visibility of the carbon footprint of its products, and adopt responsible procurement practices. This exemplifies Lenovo’s commitment to SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production.

However, it is essential to acknowledge the downside of digitalisation, which is its high energy consumption. This connection between digitalisation and energy consumption is a major concern that companies like Lenovo have to address. Balancing the benefits of digitalisation with the need for energy efficiency and sustainability remains a challenge.

Another challenge faced by Lenovo in their sustainability journey is the need for supplier engagement and support. Suppliers operate at different levels of sustainability maturity. Lenovo recognises the importance of engaging suppliers and assisting them on their sustainability journey to create a more sustainable supply chain.

ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting and regulation also pose obstacles to sustainability efforts. The lack of standardisation in ESG reporting and regulatory frameworks globally creates discrepancies in ESG data. Lenovo faces the challenge of navigating these differing standards to ensure accurate and comparable reporting.

Lenovo also emphasises the importance of sustainable sourcing and end-of-life product management. They acknowledge their responsibility in managing the end-of-life phase of their products, as 48% of their scope 3 emissions are attributed to product use and end-of-life management. By aligning with international standards, like the United Nations Global Compact, Lenovo demonstrates its commitment to responsible production and consumption (SDG 12).

Furthermore, Lenovo recognises the importance of education and raising awareness about the environmental impact of digital transformation. They view it as a corporate responsibility to educate individuals about sustainability in the ICT industry. Lenovo is undertaking a significant education programme to provide insights into their sustainability actions and solutions.

Transparency and data sharing are crucial for the advancement of a circular economy. Lenovo initially faced resistance in transparent data sharing projects but now observes market pressure encouraging transparency. The company believes that transparency and data sharing play a central role in achieving a circular economy.

Market pressure is increasingly driving sustainability expectations, and companies need to be competitive in this regard. RFPs (Request for Proposals) now place greater emphasis on sustainability, with sustainability accounting for 30% to 40% of the evaluation criteria. Lenovo recognises the need to adapt and incorporate sustainability practices to remain competitive.

Rapid digitalisation can provide a competitive advantage in sustainability. Companies that embrace digitalisation in their operations can accelerate their transformation towards sustainability. Lenovo understands the potential of digitalisation to create a positive impact on their sustainability goals.

Collaboration and partnerships also play a vital role in driving sustainability initiatives. Lenovo acknowledges that companies cannot achieve sustainability goals alone. More consortiums and groups of companies are coming together to collaborate and collectively address sustainability challenges.

While large corporations primarily influence Lenovo’s sustainability actions, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) often lag in terms of awareness and education regarding sustainability practices. Lenovo is actively working on a sustainability procurement guide and aims to educate its customers on sustainability aspects.

In conclusion, Lenovo recognises the unavoidable and vital role of digitalisation in supply chains and their business model. They embrace digitalisation to improve efficiency, decision-making, and sustainability practices. However, challenges such as high energy consumption, supplier engagement, standardisation in ESG reporting and regulations, and the need for education and awareness remain. Lenovo is committed to addressing these challenges, aligning with international standards, and collaborating with others to create a more sustainable future.

Carolien Van Brunschot

The Circular Electronics Partnership (CEP) is a collaboration platform that brings together six influential global NGOs, including the Global Electronics Council and the Responsible Business Alliance, as well as the UN agency ITU. The aim of CEP is to drive sustainability in the electronics industry by addressing various issues related to circularity, material scarcity, and emissions reduction.

CEP recognizes that a transition to a circular economy requires collaboration and coordination among its members. The partnership works on a roadmap developed by industry members, outlining 40 actions dedicated to overcoming common barriers encountered in the industry. However, the need for collaboration and coordination is often underestimated and challenging. CEP acknowledges that everyone is locked into their own tasks, and sharing information becomes time-consuming. Coordination, therefore, becomes crucial, and a small group ends up shouldering most of the coordination responsibilities.

Education on the necessary changes is increasing, with more people becoming aware of the need for a circular economy. This understanding is seen as a positive step towards achieving sustainability goals. However, the industry acknowledges that the system required for the material and products to circulate is not yet in place. CEP has developed 12 enablers to assist companies in understanding their role in the future circular economy, but substantial transformation is still needed. The current movements towards circularity are considered small-scale and targeted.

CEP is actively working on a global circularity protocol, a project supported by Carolien Van Brunschot. This protocol aims to establish guidelines and standards for achieving circularity on a global scale. Van Brunschot emphasizes the importance of credibility and backing for the effective implementation of the protocol. As part of this effort, the partnership is including the right stakeholders to ensure its success.

One of the main challenges faced by the electronics industry in transitioning to a circular economy is the prevailing reliance on scarce materials. CEP recognizes the need to address this issue and promotes sustainable production that reduces material scarcity. Additionally, CEP sees an opportunity to reduce emissions by eliminating certain steps in the production process. By doing so, the industry can contribute to SDG 13: Climate Action.

The circular economy, according to CEP, offers significant benefits to the environment and supply chain workers. It involves a much more intentional and sustainable approach to designing products and managing resources. However, the current linear economy presents challenges to implementing circular initiatives, as systemic transformation is necessary for the successful operation of smaller pilot projects.

In conclusion, CEP brings together NGOs, industry experts, and the UN agency ITU to drive sustainability in the electronics industry. The partnership prioritizes collaboration, coordination, and education to achieve a shift towards a circular economy. While there are challenges, such as the lack of a systemic system and the reliance on scarce materials, CEP is taking steps to address these issues through its enablers, a global circularity protocol, and the involvement of the right stakeholders.

Harikrishnan Tulsidas

Harikrishnan Tulsidas is a technical advisor for UNEC and plays a significant role in sustainable resource management. He is involved in two frameworks on sustainable resource management and believes in the integration of social and economic factors. This integration is crucial for achieving SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth and SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

The argument proposes switching to a circular or ethical value chain as a way to reduce the use of fresh materials and energy. However, the cost savings alone may not be the most compelling factor. It is suggested that opportunities from new businesses, technologies, and markets due to the shift to a circular value chain could be much larger and more attractive.

To achieve a circular value chain, the existing commodity-based value chain needs to transform into more of a resource-as-a-service model. This transition aims to enhance sustainability and responsible consumption and production. The potential benefits of this transformation are not only limited to resource savings but also include economic gains and the creation of new revenue streams.

There is a growing demand for solid materials and minerals as the world transitions from a fossil fuel-generated economy to a material-based economy. With the global population growing and urbanization increasing, the demand for gadgets and consumer products is expected to rise significantly by 2050. This will put immense pressure on resources and emphasize the need for responsible and sustainable resource management.

The existing initiatives on responsible consumption and production are viewed as fragmented and numerous, causing confusion rather than providing clear guidance. The argument suggests the need for an overarching set of principles to guide these initiatives and ensure a coordinated and effective approach.

Conflicts are expected to increase globally as resources become scarcer. UN reports predict a severe water crisis, and conflicts such as those in Ukraine and the Middle East are expected to become more prevalent if business continues as usual. These challenges highlight the urgency of sustainable resource management and the transition to a circular economy.

The pace of transitioning to a circular economy is considered too slow, and legislative processes are often time-consuming. This slow progress hinders the implementation of necessary policies and incentives to support sustainable practices. It is argued that policy-making and legislation need to be expedited to accelerate the transition process.

To effectively communicate the importance of sustainable resource management and the circular economy, it is suggested to present global issues in relatable monetary terms. The argument emphasizes that talking in terms of dollars can help convince people of the environmental and economic benefits associated with responsible resource management.

Fast action and the setting of aspirational goals are deemed crucial for achieving a better circular economy. The suggested approach involves key players from the UN, the investor community, and corporations signing into a set of overarching principles that prioritize speed and implementation.

A global agreement involving key players and setting loose principles is proposed as a means to achieve a better circular economy. The argument highlights the importance of collaboration between corporations, the investor community, and the UN in achieving sustainable resource management goals.

Partnerships with UN institutions like UNEP and the inclusion of financial institutions such as the EBRD and the World Bank, along with government and industry involvement, are crucial for achieving sustainable resource management. This multi-stakeholder approach ensures a comprehensive and systemic response to the challenges at hand.

Harikrishnan Tulsidas views the circular economy not only from a compliance perspective but also as an opportunity for industry profitability. He emphasizes collaboration between governments, industry, and financiers and suggests establishing a global protocol or set of principles to avoid conflicts of interest.

In conclusion, Harikrishnan Tulsidas advocates for sustainable resource management and the transition to a circular economy. He believes that the integration of social and economic factors is essential for achieving sustainable development goals. The arguments put forth highlight the potential benefits of a circular value chain, the challenges posed by resource scarcity, the need for coordinated initiatives and principles, the importance of expedited legislative processes, and the role of partnerships and collaboration in achieving a sustainable future.

Alessandra Antolini

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has implemented a supply chain financing product to support its clients, particularly small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) suppliers. This initiative demonstrates EBRD’s commitment to promoting economic growth and decent work (SDG 8) as well as responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).

In addition to supply chain financing, EBRD also focuses on firms that have sustainability Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to help SMEs improve their sustainability operations. This supports the goals of climate action (SDG 13) and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).

An ongoing challenge for SME suppliers is liquidity and cash flow. EBRD recognizes this issue and provides institutional support to alleviate the problem. Through their supply chain financing product, EBRD offers early invoice payment, which improves cash flow and relieves financial pressure on SME suppliers.

Financial stability within the supply chain also paves the way for sustainability. Reduced cash flow constraints enable SME suppliers to prioritize sustainability and enhance their production practices. When SME suppliers are economically stable, they can better comply with sustainability policies and contribute to responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).

Advocate Alessandra Antolini emphasizes the need for individuals to break their overconsumption habits. Antolini believes that changing consumer behavior is essential for sustainable development. Increased consumer honesty would be beneficial in advancing the sustainability agenda.

EBRD recognizes the importance of commercializing sustainability. They regularly discuss sustainability and gender policies from a commercial standpoint. Furthermore, EBRD explores various financial mechanisms, including outcome-based loans, green bonds, and social impact bonds. They understand that commercializing sustainability is crucial for responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) as well as climate action (SDG 13).

The significance of sustainability factors is increasingly hard to ignore. EBRD involves senior sustainability figures in their interactions, acknowledging the risks associated with a linear economy and unsustainable practices. This emphasizes the urgency of embracing sustainability practices.

To summarize, EBRD’s supply chain financing product addresses cash flow challenges for SME suppliers, promoting financial stability within the supply chain. The bank also prioritizes sustainability KPIs to enhance sustainability operations within SMEs. Changing consumer habits and increased consumer honesty are crucial for promoting sustainability. EBRD recognizes the importance of commercializing sustainability and the growing significance of sustainability factors in today’s business landscape.

Speaker 1

Sofia and Federico form part of the consulting team at DSS Plus, specializing in providing guidance and expertise to corporate clients and organizations operating within the electronics and circular economy sector. Their role involves helping companies navigate the complex landscape of sustainability and environmental practices.

At DSS Plus, Sofia and Federico offer a variety of services to their clients. They assist organizations in implementing sustainable practices throughout the product lifecycle, from design and production to disposal and recycling. Their goal is to minimize the environmental impact of electronics and promote a circular economy model, which aims to conserve resources, reduce waste, and promote recycling and repurposing of products.

The consulting team at DSS Plus stays informed about the latest trends and regulations in the electronics and circular economy field. They ensure they are up-to-date with emerging technologies and innovative solutions that can drive sustainable growth and give their clients a competitive advantage. With their deep understanding of the sector, they provide customized advice and actionable strategies that align with each client’s unique goals and circumstances.

One of Sofia and Federico’s key strengths is their ability to establish strong connections with corporate clients and organizations. They take the time to listen and understand their clients’ needs, challenges, and aspirations. By building solid relationships and trust, they effectively collaborate and deliver practical, real-world solutions that meet and surpass expectations.

In conclusion, Sofia and Federico’s expertise in electronics and circular economy consulting makes them valuable resources for companies seeking to make a positive environmental impact and transform their business practices. Through their guidance, they aim to create a sustainable future where electronics are produced responsibly, waste is minimized, and resources are efficiently utilized.

Franziska Kaiser

Franziska Kaiser, a researcher from the University of Lausanne, attended a discussion on the circular economy and provided an overview of its current state. Although not an expert in the field, Kaiser emphasized the significance of the circular economy and its potential benefits.

During the discussion, Kaiser presented the main points and arguments surrounding the concept of the circular economy. She discussed how the circular economy aims to replace the traditional linear model of production and consumption with a more sustainable approach. By promoting the reuse, recycling, and regeneration of resources, the circular economy seeks to minimize waste and reduce negative environmental impacts.

Kaiser supported her points with evidence from various studies and real-world examples. She highlighted successful initiatives that have implemented circular economy principles and have yielded positive results, such as reduced resource consumption, decreased waste generation, and increased economic benefits. Kaiser emphasized that these examples serve as proof of the potential benefits of embracing circular economy practices.

Furthermore, Kaiser noted that the circular economy is gaining traction globally, with many governments, businesses, and organizations recognizing its importance and adopting strategies to implement it. She referred to ongoing research and policy developments in the field, underscoring the growing interest and commitment to transitioning to a circular economy model.

In conclusion, Franziska Kaiser, despite not being an expert, provided a detailed overview of the current state of the circular economy. She highlighted its significance in addressing environmental concerns and promoting sustainable practices. Kaiser’s presentation, supported by evidence and examples, conveyed the potential benefits of embracing circular economy principles and the increasing global interest in its implementation. Her contribution to the discussion shed light on the importance of this topic for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike.

Federico Magalini

The analysis of the various speakers reveals several significant points regarding sustainability and responsible consumption. Federico envisions a world where decarbonisation is supported by accessible electronic products. This indicates that the increasing accessibility of products is aiding new economies and consumers. Moreover, Federico recognises the essential role that modern technology plays in decarbonising operations.

Another important perspective shared by Federico is the need to improve the environmental and socio-economic aspects of electronic product extraction, refinery, and use. This signifies the importance of avoiding wasteful application and design while increasing recovery and keeping materials in the economic cycle. By focusing on better environmental and social practices in the electronic product lifecycle, Federico aims to reduce the negative impact on the planet.

In addition to this, Federico identifies the potential of digitalisation, especially in traceability, to contribute to sustainability efforts. By leveraging technology, it is possible to keep the benefits of extraction and manufacturing within the loop. This highlights the role of digitalisation in ensuring transparency and accountability throughout the supply chain.

The importance of consumers in the circular economy is also emphasised. Federico acknowledges the crucial role that consumers play when they make conscious decisions to buy certain products and solutions. Furthermore, consumers also have a key role in the responsible disposal and return of materials back to the value chain. This aligns with the idea that consumers have the power to drive change through their purchasing decisions and responsible practices.

Collaboration between companies is seen as vital in achieving ambitious environmental targets. The majority of environmental impacts are attributed to Scope 3 emissions, which highlights the importance of addressing the entire supply chain. By working together, companies can collectively take responsibility for their environmental impact and work towards more sustainable solutions.

It is evident that education and awareness are crucial for sustainability. Anecdotes shared by the speakers demonstrate the positive impact of education programmes that focus on understanding sustainability and its implications in various industries. With proper education and awareness, employees and organisations can develop a mindset that values sustainability and actively works towards implementing responsible practices.

However, there are challenges that hinder progress towards sustainability. The analysis identifies knowledge gaps in sustainability topics, which slows down discussions and decision-making. This implies that counterparts involved in sustainability discussions may not have sufficient knowledge, leading to sub-optimal decisions. Additionally, the analysis suggests that the current speed of implementing sustainability measures is too slow, indicating the need for greater commitment and urgency in addressing sustainability challenges.

Transitioning to a circular economy is highlighted as a challenging task for companies. This is due to the revolutionary shift required, encompassing both products and processes. The complexity of implementing circular economies requires substantial effort and change.

Notably, the analysis indicates that many private companies do not prioritise the environment. CEOs often focus on investment, cost, and revenue, neglecting the importance of environmental issues. This suggests that a more comprehensive and inclusive approach is needed to engage private companies on environmental considerations.

The urgency to address climate change and environmental issues is emphasised throughout the analysis. It is clear that time is running out, and immediate action is required to mitigate the impact of climate change.

Finally, fostering a culture that prioritises collective interests over personal ones is seen as crucial. The analysis highlights the importance of championing a ‘we before I’ concept, which values teamwork and collective achievements. By nurturing this culture, companies can work together towards common goals and overcome challenges more effectively.

In conclusion, the analysis of the speakers’ perspectives on sustainability and responsible consumption reveals important insights. It highlights the role of accessible electronic products in supporting decarbonisation and emphasises the need for improved environmental and socio-economic practices in their lifecycle. Collaboration, education, and awareness are identified as crucial factors in driving sustainability efforts. However, challenges such as knowledge gaps, the slow speed of implementation, and the lack of prioritisation of the environment by private companies need to be addressed. Urgent action is required to address climate change and foster a culture that values collective interests. Overall, the analysis emphasises the importance of sustainability in creating a better future for all.

AA

Alessandra Antolini

Speech speed

150 words per minute

Speech length

1015 words

Speech time

405 secs

CV

Carolien Van Brunschot

Speech speed

160 words per minute

Speech length

1778 words

Speech time

666 secs

FM

Federico Magalini

Speech speed

156 words per minute

Speech length

4060 words

Speech time

1564 secs

FK

Franziska Kaiser

Speech speed

195 words per minute

Speech length

66 words

Speech time

20 secs

HT

Harikrishnan Tulsidas

Speech speed

134 words per minute

Speech length

2364 words

Speech time

1055 secs

S1

Speaker 1

Speech speed

132 words per minute

Speech length

31 words

Speech time

14 secs

S2

Speaker 2

Speech speed

153 words per minute

Speech length

571 words

Speech time

224 secs

VL

Virginie Le Barbu

Speech speed

163 words per minute

Speech length

1757 words

Speech time

646 secs

Embracing the future of e-commerce and AI now (WEF)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Sopheakdey Moeun

The implementation of advanced technology, specifically Artificial Intelligence (AI), in Cambodia’s customs system is highly beneficial. AI has the capability to predict potential Harmonised System (HS) codes for declared items, making the processing and release of goods more efficient. Additionally, AI can assist in detecting fraudulent activities, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of customs operations.

To ensure seamless system integration, strong collaboration and cooperation between the customs and postal units are crucial. This collaboration is achieved through the creation of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between customs and post for electronic data exchange. This electronic data exchange enables efficient information sharing, leading to faster and more accurate customs procedures.

In the context of cross-border e-commerce transactions, AI proves to be invaluable. It can significantly simplify the customs clearance process by predicting HS codes for products, reducing complexity and the time taken for clearance. Furthermore, AI can analyse captured images of products, providing clarity on formalities and preparations needed before clearance. Sopheakdey Moeun, an advocate of AI implementation, highlights the importance of using AI to facilitate and simplify customs processes for cross-border e-commerce transactions. This benefits businesses and contributes to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (SDG 9) and Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8).

Another key argument is the need for fair competition in the market and the importance of keeping administrative costs for customs clearance reasonable. Logistic costs sometimes surpass product costs, posing challenges for market competition. Hiring third-party individuals for customs clearance adds to the total cost, making it difficult for businesses to compete. By utilising AI in customs procedures, administrative costs can be reduced, promoting fair competition and reducing inequalities (SDG 10) while facilitating economic growth (SDG 8).

However, it is important to consider the limitations of AI. Concerns arise regarding the accuracy and cost of implementing AI systems. Lucas mentions that it is not possible to rely entirely on AI, highlighting the need for human supervision to improve the process and accuracy of AI. Some AI solutions may also be costly, and the return on investment must be carefully evaluated.

In conclusion, the implementation of advanced technology, particularly AI, in Cambodia’s customs system brings numerous benefits. It simplifies customs procedures, improves efficiency, detects fraud, reduces administrative costs, promotes fair competition, and contributes to achieving SDGs. However, concerns regarding the accuracy and cost of AI should be addressed, recognizing the need for ongoing development and human supervision to ensure optimal results.

Birame Sock

The speakers engaged in a comprehensive discussion on the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and e-commerce, with a particular focus on the need for AI to adapt to local languages and the importance of data accessibility in the public sector. They argued that for AI to be truly inclusive and accessible to all users, it should support local languages rather than expecting local users to learn new languages or adapt to AI technologies designed for other regions. As an example, it was observed that in African nations like Senegal, most applications are in French or English, rather than in local languages like Wolof. This presents a major barrier for citizens who do not understand or have access to AI technologies due to the language barrier. Therefore, the consensus was that AI technology should be more inclusive of local languages, facilitating greater accessibility and adoption among local users.

The discussion also underscored the critical role of data accessibility for successful AI implementation, with the public sector identified as a key source of valuable data. Lack of data was acknowledged as a major challenge in AI implementations, and it was argued that the public sector possesses abundant data that can be effectively harnessed for AI. Thus, it was posited that the public sector should make their data available for AI purposes, as access to relevant and diverse data sets is crucial for AI systems to deliver accurate and insightful outcomes.

Furthermore, the speakers emphasized the responsibility of both technology providers and the public sector in using AI responsibly. Technology providers were viewed as having the responsibility to implement AI in ways that are relevant, sensible, and beneficial to e-commerce environments. Meanwhile, the public sector was tasked with ensuring that the use of AI in e-commerce has a broad reach, providing accessibility to previously underserved stakeholders such as MSMEs (micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises). It was argued that MSMEs do not necessarily need to comprehend artificial intelligence or technology intricacies, as AI is seen as a tool that technology providers can leverage to find better solutions for these businesses.

Regarding e-commerce, it was noted that the traditional definition needs to be broadened beyond website-based shopping. E-commerce was described as encompassing various technologies and associated services, including logistics, payments, and mechanisms such as product discovery on platforms like TikTok, communication via WhatsApp, and payments through mobile money. It was suggested that the future of e-commerce would involve the integrated use of multiple technologies and services to enhance consumer experiences and meet evolving demands.

The importance of the DEAR concept (Digital, Efficiency, Affordability & Accessibility, and Rewarding) in AI implementation for e-commerce was emphasized. This concept seeks to ensure that AI technologies used in e-commerce are characterized by digital and discovery, efficiency, affordability, and rewarding outcomes for both businesses and consumers. By adhering to the DEAR principles, AI can help drive hyper-personalization of the shopping experience, tailoring it to individual consumers’ preferences and needs.

Furthermore, the discussion highlighted challenges with data relevancy on existing e-commerce platforms, as data often fails to reflect local needs or addresses. It was revealed that African manufacturing countries were not listed in drop-down menus on certain platforms, which limited their ability to engage in global e-commerce. To address this issue, collaborative efforts with government entities, such as working directly with the Ministry of Commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic, were presented as a strategy to build local e-commerce platforms that cater to local demands and preferences.

Additionally, the speakers acknowledged the need to facilitate the development of text-to-speech and speech-to-text solutions, particularly within local languages and dialects. Currently, there exists a gap in the development of dictionaries within these solutions, hindering technology accessibility for individuals who do not speak widely used languages. By investing in the development of these solutions, technology can become more accessible to a broader population, thereby reducing inequalities and promoting inclusivity.

In conclusion, the discussion highlighted the importance of adapting AI to local languages to ensure accessibility for all users. It stressed the significance of data accessibility in the public sector and called for a responsible approach to AI implementation by technology providers and government entities. Furthermore, the need to redefine e-commerce beyond traditional models and embrace the integrated use of various technologies and services was emphasized. The DEAR concept was presented as a framework for guiding AI implementation in e-commerce, focusing on digitalization, efficiency, affordability, accessibility, and rewarding outcomes. Challenges with data relevancy on existing e-commerce platforms were identified, underscoring the need for tailored solutions that address local needs and preferences. Ultimately, the speakers emphasized the importance of inclusivity, accessibility, and responsible use of AI in shaping the future of e-commerce.

Ines Knรคpper

The analysis highlights the transformative impact of emerging technologies on global trade. Specifically, blockchain, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and the Internet of Things are identified as key drivers of significant disruption in the industry. These technologies are reshaping the flow of trade at an unprecedented pace.

The speakers argue that international trade needs to become more efficient, inclusive, and equal in order to benefit all stakeholders. While multinational companies have traditionally dominated global trade, the speakers advocate for empowering micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). They believe that innovations should enable SMEs to harness the potential of emerging technologies and compete on a level playing field with larger companies. Furthermore, it is emphasised that developing countries should have access to the opportunities presented by these technologies, ensuring that they are not left behind.

The integration of AI-based business models is viewed as vital for SMEs’ integration into the global digital economy. AI is seen as playing a significant role in advancing e-commerce, from chatbots and customer relations to smart logistics. Highlighting the potential of AI to streamline operations and enhance productivity, the speakers emphasise the need for SMEs to adapt and adopt AI-driven strategies to remain competitive in the global marketplace.

Public-private collaboration is recognised as crucial in preparing for a future dominated by technology in trade. The speakers argue that close cooperation between the public and private sectors is necessary to navigate the challenges and leverage the opportunities presented by emerging technologies. By working together, governments and businesses can create an enabling environment and establish policies that foster innovation, encourage investment, and support the adoption of emerging technologies in trade.

In conclusion, the analysis emphasises the transformative power of emerging technologies in shaping global trade. The speakers call for international trade to become more efficient, inclusive, and equal, benefiting both multinational companies and SMEs in developing countries. The integration of AI-based business models into the global digital economy is seen as crucial for SMEs’ integration and competitiveness. Additionally, public-private collaboration is recognised as vital in preparing for a technology-dominated future in trade. Through collaboration and strategic planning, stakeholders can navigate the challenges and seize the opportunities presented by emerging technologies in the realm of global trade.

Khushi Jaiswal

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the field of e-commerce has created opportunities for both local sellers and big players in the market. AI can assist in logistical support, customer reviews management, pricing models, and inventory management, streamlining operations and improving customer experience. The use of translation services breaks language barriers, enabling businesses to sell products to different parts of the country and tap into new markets.

AI provides personalised product recommendations, optimises order processing and fulfillment, and assists in supply chain optimisation and demand forecasting. However, MSMEs face challenges in fully harnessing the potential of e-commerce and AI implementation. These challenges include data-related issues, a scarcity of technical expertise, high implementation and maintenance costs, and data security and compliance concerns.

For effective AI implementation, MSMEs need to address the challenges they face. This involves improving data quality, upskilling and training in AI, finding ways to make AI more affordable, and ensuring data security and compliance. Embracing AI and adapting to its emergence is necessary for businesses to remain competitive.

Overall, the integration of AI and e-commerce offers promising opportunities for businesses. AI can enhance various aspects of e-commerce, expand market reach, improve customer experience, and increase operational efficiency. Overcoming challenges, embracing AI, and adapting to its emergence is crucial for businesses to thrive in the digital era.

Audience

During the analysis, several related topics in the context of AI adoption and its impact on various sectors were discussed.

The first speaker, Sokka from Cambodia, expressed a strong interest in adopting more AI in the customs department. He has been working closely with customs for the past four or five years and leads a global infrastructure facilitation project. This indicates that Sokka has substantial knowledge and experience in the field, making his opinion valuable.

The second speaker highlighted the importance of public sectors being mindful whilst adopting AI. Sokka sought advice for public sectors in Cambodia regarding AI adoption and inquired about the precautions they should take. This suggests that Sokka recognises the potential risks and challenges associated with AI implementation in the public sector and wishes to ensure a smooth and successful adoption process.

Moving on to the third speaker, they focused on how AI will become a new trend and transform the business environment. It was emphasised that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to adapt in order to remain competitive. This implies that the speaker believes AI adoption to be a critical factor for SMEs in maintaining their relevance in the evolving business landscape.

The fourth speaker provided a practical approach for SMEs to get started with AI. They suggested that SMEs should consider using existing tools, as developing their own AI systems can be costly. This implies that the adoption of AI is not limited to large corporations and that even smaller businesses can take advantage of AI technologies through accessible and cost-effective options.

Finally, there was a discussion about the need for examples of effective and cost-effective AI tool utilisation specifically for SMEs. It was emphasised that cost is a critical factor for SMEs in adopting AI, and utilising existing tools can increase their competitiveness. This indicates that a practical and financially viable approach to AI adoption is crucial for SMEs to fully embrace this transformative technology.

In conclusion, the analysis highlighted the interest in adopting more AI in the customs department, the precautions public sectors should take while implementing AI, the importance of SMEs adapting to the new AI trend, the use of existing tools for SMEs to begin their AI journey, and the significance of cost-effective AI tool utilisation for SMEs. It is evident that AI adoption is becoming increasingly crucial across sectors and that careful planning and consideration are necessary to ensure successful and beneficial implementation.

Luca Graf

This analysis covers a range of topics related to AI, logistics, and e-commerce. Luca Graf, a key figure in the discussion, believes that AI has the potential to enhance logistics in the e-commerce industry, leading to improvements in productivity and speed. One of the notable achievements mentioned is the implementation of an application that translates HS codes from one country to another using an AI model. This application has proven effective, with 95% of articles automatically translated by the system, while only 5% require manual intervention. The successful implementation of the application demonstrates the practicality and benefits of incorporating AI into logistics processes.

However, not all attempts to use AI in logistics have been successful. Graf’s company attempted to leverage AI for return logistics, with the aim of automating the process of checking returned items. The AI was intended to categorise items based on their condition (A for resale, B for refurbishment). However, this initiative did not yield the desired results, leading to the realisation that AI should handle normal decisions while humans handle the edge cases. This experience highlights the need for careful consideration and evaluation when implementing AI in specific logistical tasks.

The analysis also emphasizes the crucial success factors for e-commerce, namely product market fit, reaching the market, and fulfilling delivery. Graf highlights the importance of having the right product available and connecting with consumers through proper marketing. Additionally, fulfilling promised delivery plays a significant role in ensuring customer satisfaction. These factors collectively contribute to the overall success and growth of an e-commerce venture.

Regarding the adoption of AI in logistics and e-commerce, it is suggested that small and medium-sized enterprises look for available AI solutions on the market rather than attempting to develop the technology independently. It is noted that building technology independently requires substantial financial investment and specialised knowledge. Instead, SMEs can benefit from the wide array of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and open-source applications already available.

The importance of logistics in e-commerce is underscored, with successful e-commerce players heavily investing in this aspect of their operations. Delays in delivery are highlighted as potential deterrents to customer satisfaction and retention. In the context of cross-border e-commerce, the analysis suggests that the big opportunity lies in developing a robust fulfilment network for warehousing and distribution. This concept aligns with the need to deliver goods in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost, thereby enhancing the overall customer experience.

Various sectors within e-commerce and logistics can benefit from AI systems, as demonstrated by the examples provided. Marketplaces can leverage AI for product recommendations, while logistics companies can utilise AI for planning, forecasting, optimising loads, and implementing steered robots, among other applications. The ability of AI to enhance work efficiency and perform tasks that are challenging or impossible for humans, such as complex calculations or working in extreme temperatures, further underscores its value in these sectors. This analysis suggests that AI is a more suitable solution than humans for certain tasks, particularly those that are repetitive and require speed, reliability, and efficiency.

The adoption of AI is also seen as a means to improve processes, increase service productivity, and expedite decision-making. AI can aid in automation and enable better decision-making, resulting in increased efficiency and streamlined operations. It is important to assess different AI applications to ensure their suitability and effectiveness in addressing specific needs and challenges. Testing should be conducted to evaluate the potential of AI to improve existing situations.

AI is regarded as a disruptive technology that offers opportunities for efficiencies, better customer experiences, and sustainability. It is emphasised that AI should be made accessible to users, enabling them to benefit from its capabilities and potential. The analysis further mentions the importance of incorporating AI into different aspects of business operations, such as marketing, customer service, and product planning. AI technology can facilitate content creation, translation, and numerous other services, with platforms like Shopify providing AI-based solutions through their app shops.

In addition to the main points discussed, some notable observations and insights can be gleaned from the analysis. For instance, the potential of AI in supporting customs processes is mentioned, with suggestions to reduce complexity in customs codes and employ technology to simplify tariff understanding for consumers. Harmonising customs practices globally is also proposed as a strategy to enhance global trade. These insights shed light on the broader implications and opportunities associated with integrating AI into various sectors and industries.

In conclusion, this analysis highlights the significant role that AI can play in enhancing logistics, e-commerce, and related processes. The potential benefits include improvements in productivity, speed, and customer satisfaction. However, successful AI implementation requires careful consideration, evaluation, and alignment with specific needs and challenges. Overall, AI is viewed as a transformative technology that can drive efficiencies, improve customer experiences, and support sustainable growth in the logistics and e-commerce industries.

A

Audience

Speech speed

160 words per minute

Speech length

495 words

Speech time

186 secs

BS

Birame Sock

Speech speed

175 words per minute

Speech length

2516 words

Speech time

860 secs

IK

Ines Knรคpper

Speech speed

147 words per minute

Speech length

1658 words

Speech time

678 secs

KJ

Khushi Jaiswal

Speech speed

155 words per minute

Speech length

3064 words

Speech time

1186 secs

LG

Luca Graf

Speech speed

149 words per minute

Speech length

2758 words

Speech time

1113 secs

SM

Sopheakdey Moeun

Speech speed

175 words per minute

Speech length

2766 words

Speech time

950 secs

E-commerce and Sustainability: an overlooked nexus (Brazilian Center for International Relation – CEBRI)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

H.E. Matthew Wilson

Going digital and embracing e-commerce is considered crucial for economic growth in developing countries. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and micro enterprises make up about 95% of e-commerce usage in developing countries, underscoring the importance of digital transformation at the grassroots level.

In light of the current environmental crisis, trade and economic policies must prioritize sustainability. The impact of climate change, such as flooding, freezing, drying up, and burning, reported at COP meetings, emphasizes the need for sustainable policies. Therefore, new policies should align with sustainable development goals and address climate change and other sustainability challenges.

Discussions regarding e-commerce and sustainability are crucial for shaping our future. The development of a paper on this subject and the increasing incidents of climate crises support the importance of these discussions. Integrating sustainability concerns into e-commerce practices is believed to have positive outcomes for economic and environmental aspects.

Smart regulation of e-commerce is necessary to address potential negative impacts and ensure sustainability. The lack of regulation can result in global damage, as seen in the 2008 financial crisis. Therefore, breaking the silos within the World Trade Organization (WTO) and establishing comprehensive regulations for e-commerce is crucial.

E-commerce and sustainability should be global concerns, demanding immediate action. The rapid development and widespread adoption of e-commerce call for measures to control and mitigate its impact. The convening power of the WTO should be utilized to prioritize e-commerce sustainability on the global agenda.

Additionally, there are often overlooked sustainability dimensions in e-commerce. Despite being considered efficient, e-commerce has environmental impacts through data usage and electricity consumption. The human dimension, including labor and working conditions, as well as the environmental footprint of packaging in e-commerce, contribute significantly to its sustainability.

While there has been significant progress in WTO negotiations on e-commerce, there has been no explicit focus on sustainability. Incorporating sustainability discussions explicitly into these negotiations is necessary to fully realize the potential of digitalization in reducing environmental impact.

The private sector, especially from developing countries facing market access and standards compliance issues, should consider sustainability in relation to e-commerce and trade. Adopting sustainable practices ensures environmental responsibility and contributes to decent work and economic growth.

Sustainability encompasses social, economic, and environmental aspects and must be understood holistically for balanced and truly sustainable development. This approach is vital for climate action and conserving life on land.

When making decisions, reliance on evidence and thorough analysis is crucial, rather than opinions. Evidence-based practices and analysis inform policies and actions related to industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

Addressing the digital divide and sustainability divide is pressing to prevent the replication of 20th-century inequalities. Attention should be given to these issues to ensure that digital and sustainability benefits are accessible to all and do not exacerbate existing inequalities.

In conclusion, embracing digitalization and e-commerce is crucial for economic growth in developing countries. However, this must be done sustainably, considering environmental, social, and economic aspects. Integrating sustainability discussions into WTO negotiations and implementing smart regulation are essential for prosperous and environmentally responsible e-commerce practices. Collaboration between the private sector, governments, and international organizations is necessary to ensure a holistic and equitable approach to e-commerce and sustainability, creating a better future for all.

Wei Guo Tang

The analysis of the speaker’s statements reveals several important points regarding the ongoing JSI negotiations and their implications for various topics, including privacy, sustainability, indigenous rights, and worker protection. The JSI negotiations discuss the protection of personal data, highlighting the importance of addressing privacy concerns in digital trade.

However, the analysis also points out that indigenous rights and the interests of minority communities are not adequately discussed in these negotiations. This raises concerns about the inclusivity and equity of the discussions, as it is crucial to ensure the voices and rights of marginalized groups are taken into account.

On the topic of sustainability, the analysis highlights that provisions in e-commerce rules can have tangible impacts on sustainability. Measures to tackle spam, for example, contribute to reducing the environmental impact of digital activities. Additionally, provisions such as e-invoicing, e-contracts, and single windows facilitate digitization, reducing environmental damage. This demonstrates the potential of e-commerce regulations to promote more sustainable practices.

The analysis also emphasizes the importance of considering sustainability in the policy-making process when setting up data centres. It mentions that Singapore, due to limited land availability, ruled out hosting data centres, indicating a consideration for long-term sustainability. Furthermore, the analysis notes that cold climates are more conducive to data centres as they require lower energy consumption to maintain low temperatures. This highlights the need to factor in sustainability considerations when making decisions about the location and operation of data centres.

Furthermore, the analysis highlights the positive contribution of e-commerce to development-centric objectives and job creation. It mentions that South Asians are using platforms like Fiverr and digital labour platforms to provide services, creating economic opportunities, particularly in places like the US. This underscores the potential of e-commerce to contribute to decent work and economic growth.

Another important observation from the analysis is the need for more work in socialising stakeholders about the benefits of digital transformation. It suggests that there is a lack of awareness and understanding among stakeholders about how digital transformation can assist in job creation and the provision of services online. This emphasises the importance of engaging and educating stakeholders about the potential advantages of digital transformation.

Additionally, the analysis highlights the significance of collaboration and partnership among stakeholders, including governments, companies and individuals, to address the complexities of e-commerce and sustainability. It stresses the need to bring these stakeholders together to align their interests and extract common value.

Moreover, the analysis emphasises the importance of basing the discourse around digital transformation and sustainability on data and facts. It suggests that a fact-based discussion is essential for understanding the true impacts and potential benefits of digital transformation for sustainability.

The analysis also underscores the need for worker protection, particularly in the gig economy. It mentions the importance of providing adequate protection for workers, considering factors such as job security and fair working conditions.

In conclusion, the analysis reveals several noteworthy insights. It highlights the key aspects of the JSI negotiations, such as the discussion on the protection of personal data. It also points out the need to address indigenous rights and the interests of minority communities in these discussions. Additionally, the analysis emphasizes the impacts of e-commerce regulations on sustainability and the importance of considering sustainability in the policymaking process for data centres. The analysis also underscores the positive contributions of e-commerce to development objectives and job creation, as well as the need for increased stakeholder engagement and awareness about digital transformation. Finally, it stresses the importance of worker protection and the establishment of reliable and concrete rules around sustainability and digital transformation by countries and international entities like the WTO.

Valerie Picard

The analysis reveals several key points regarding the priorities and challenges faced by businesses in relation to digitalization and sustainability. It is observed that businesses are increasingly focusing on integrating digitalization and sustainability into their business models as strategic imperatives. This highlights a shift towards becoming data and services companies built around the internet and data. The sentiment towards this trend is largely positive, recognizing the benefits and opportunities associated with embedding digital and sustainability practices.

However, while businesses prioritize sustainability, there is a significant gap when it comes to reporting their environmental impact. The analysis highlights that only 8% of businesses currently report their impact, despite 83% prioritizing sustainability. This discrepancy raises concerns as reporting is important for transparency and accountability in sustainable business practices. Consequently, there is a call for businesses to improve their reporting efforts to ensure that their sustainability initiatives are effectively communicated to stakeholders.

Another challenge identified is the complexity of environmental and sustainability regulations, which can exclude businesses from international trade. This is particularly evident for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), especially in developing countries. The proliferation of regulations can disproportionately impact these businesses, hindering their participation in global trade. The sentiment regarding this issue is neutral, acknowledging the complexity of balancing environmental regulations with trade facilitation for businesses.

To address these challenges, there is a need for reform within the World Trade Organization (WTO). Specifically, there is a call for the WTO to take concrete actions, such as agreeing on digital rules, renewing and making permanent the moratorium, reviving negotiations on environmental goods and services, and collaborating on the trade facilitation agreement. The analysis highlights the absence of digital rules within the WTO, particularly in relation to the free flow of data and data localization requirements. Renewing and permanently enforcing the moratorium is seen as a way to prevent excessive bureaucracy that could hinder businesses. Additionally, negotiations on environmental goods and services are deemed essential for promoting circular economy practices and sustainable trade. Collaboration with businesses on the trade facilitation agreement is emphasized as a means to optimize border procedures through multilateral and multi-stakeholder policy coordination. Overall, the sentiment towards these proposed actions is positive, recognizing the potential benefits of WTO reform in addressing contemporary trade-environment and trade-digital issues.

Moreover, the analysis underscores the importance of WTO principles, such as transparency, non-discrimination, and Most-Favored Nation treatment, in implementing environmental regulations. It also highlights the need for stronger multilateralism to effectively handle the increasing complexity of trade and environmental issues. This reiterates the significance of collaboration and cooperation among nations to address global challenges.

The analysis also discusses the potential of the circular economy, with only 7.2% of the global economy currently operating in a circular manner. It is emphasized that 90% of materials ending up in landfills could be reused, recovered, repaired, repurposed, or refurbished. Therefore, there is a need for new rules and practices to support the transition to a circular economy. Developing economies are identified as having the most to gain from embracing circular practices, as they often bear the burden of waste disposal.

In terms of digitalization and sustainability, there is a call to support micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in their transition towards digital technologies and sustainability. The analysis highlights that digitalization enabled millions of small businesses to stay afloat during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it is noted that MSMEs in rural areas should have access to the internet to unlock their full potential and enable global market participation. The sentiment is positive towards supporting MSMEs in their digital transition and sustainability efforts as it is seen as crucial for their basic competitiveness and business viability.

Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in addressing contemporary challenges. There is an emphasis on bringing together various stakeholders to have comprehensive conversations and develop effective solutions.

Lastly, the analysis touches upon the examination of competition laws relating to the green transition. It is argued that proper examination of these laws is needed to ensure they do not hinder the application of the best solutions for sustainability. The sentiment towards this issue is negative, suggesting a concern that current competition laws may not fully support the transition towards green practices.

In conclusion, the analysis highlights the increasing focus on digitalization and sustainability as key priorities for businesses. It identifies challenges such as the low reporting of environmental impact and the complexity of environmental regulations. The need for WTO reform to address trade-environment and trade-digital issues is emphasized, along with the potential of the circular economy and the importance of supporting MSMEs in their digital transition and sustainability efforts. The significance of multi-stakeholder collaboration, examination of competition laws, and the negative impact of unfair subsidies are also noted. Overall, the analysis underscores the importance of integrating digital and sustainable practices into business models and calls for collaborative efforts to drive positive change.

Yasmin Ismail

The analysis examines various aspects of e-commerce and its impact on sustainability and development. One of the main points highlighted is the potential of e-commerce to promote green and sustainable supply chains, offering a real opportunity for the future of trade. However, concerns are raised regarding the work conditions in least developed countries where e-commerce is prevalent, emphasizing the need for better consideration and improvement.

To address environmental issues, the analysis suggests cross-disciplinary dialogue and the establishment of task forces, bringing together ministries to develop projects that aid countries in implementing sustainable practices. Ongoing dialogue is also necessary to address the evolving technologies related to e-commerce.

The analysis emphasizes the knowledge and data gaps in developing countries and suggests task forces as a solution to bridge these gaps and gain a better understanding of e-commerce in these nations. Additionally, a developmental and sustainable approach to e-commerce is advocated, particularly for bridging the digital divide in developing countries.

The growing problem of e-waste associated with e-commerce is also discussed, highlighting the need for trade agreements to consider this issue and promote circular trade and sustainability.

Collective action and dialogue are deemed imperative for incremental changes towards sustainability, with stakeholders from all sectors, including the private sector and consumers, playing a crucial role. Moreover, the analysis stresses the importance of cultural shifts among consumers for a sustainable e-commerce sector.

In summary, the analysis underscores the opportunities and challenges of e-commerce in terms of sustainability and development. It highlights the need for a comprehensive and collaborative approach involving task forces, cross-disciplinary dialogue, and a focus on work conditions, social protections, and e-waste in trade agreements. Ongoing dialogue and collective action are essential for driving positive change in the sector.

Victor do Prado

The analysis indicates a strong interconnection between e-commerce and sustainability. It highlights the rising use of e-commerce and artificial intelligence, resulting in increased energy consumption. E-commerce, growing in all formats and relying on data flows, consumes a significant amount of energy. This underlines the need to address the environmental impacts of e-commerce and pursue a more sustainable approach.

The analysis also highlights the importance of regulation in ensuring the sustainability of e-commerce. It refers to the 2008 financial crisis as an example of the consequences of a lack of regulation, emphasising the necessity for regulation in e-commerce. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is identified as the primary forum for regulating e-commerce. The argument is made that the WTO should implement smart regulations on e-commerce to encourage innovation and development in developing countries.

Additionally, there is a need for interconnected discussions that break the existing silos within the WTO. Currently, separate discussions on trading goods, services, and intellectual property hinder the integration of environmental considerations. Therefore, it is recommended that discussions within the WTO integrate with the environmental committee to effectively address the sustainability aspects of e-commerce.

The analysis also highlights the urgency of controlling the detrimental environmental impacts of e-commerce due to its rapid growth. The WTO is urged to prioritize e-commerce sustainability in its discussions. The positive aspects of e-commerce are acknowledged, including paperless trade, e-contracts, and transit rules that have positive environmental impacts and reduce pollution. These positive aspects should be considered alongside the electricity consumption associated with e-commerce.

Furthermore, the analysis suggests reframing the moratorium in terms of sustainability to address environmental concerns. The moratorium, extended every two years, could be seen as an environmental incentive to foster sustainable practices in the e-commerce sector.

The developmental aspects of e-commerce are also emphasized, including the need for technical assistance and the operationalization of technology transfer. The analysis points out that having both hardware and software is crucial, but high import duties on hardware in many countries pose a challenge.

The environmental impact of e-commerce is not limited to a particular region; it affects everyone, especially those in the global south. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the environmental repercussions when discussing and regulating e-commerce.

To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the costs and benefits of e-commerce, accurate measurements are essential. The analysis suggests that an accurate cost-benefit analysis requires the right measurements and highlights the complexity in measuring trade due to online purchases.

To explore further the positive aspects of e-commerce on sustainability, the analysis recommends creating an interagency task force. This task force should include not only governments and international organizations but also think tanks, scientists, and businesses. It is important to consider multiple perspectives to ensure a comprehensive and inclusive approach.

The analysis also observes the need for coordination within international organizations and emphasizes the importance of breaking silos. It highlights the lack of coordination in international organizations and calls for a greater effort to address this issue.

In conclusion, the analysis emphasizes the interconnection between e-commerce and sustainability, while stressing the need for regulation and integrated discussions within the WTO. It underscores the urgency of addressing the environmental impacts of e-commerce and promoting its positive aspects. Additionally, the analysis highlights the importance of considering the developmental and environmental aspects of e-commerce, accurately measuring its impacts, and establishing coordination within international organizations

Audience

Multiple speakers in the discussion emphasise the importance of sustainability in the context of e-commerce, particularly regarding regulations surrounding data centres. They highlight the potential for data centres to become more environmentally friendly by utilising artificial intelligence to improve efficiency. However, there is concern about the possibility of restrictive regulations inhibiting sustainable practices in this sector.

The significance of policy space is stressed to effectively regulate sustainability in e-commerce. The speakers argue that current regulations may hinder efforts to determine the terms of data storage, which could impede sustainability goals. They emphasise the need to consider the developmental aspect of sustainability, including job creation and poverty reduction, especially in developing nations.

While acknowledging that e-commerce has both positive and negative impacts, the speakers suggest conducting a cost-benefit analysis to better understand its necessity and benefits. They caution against excessive regulation, as it may stifle innovation and economic progress, particularly in developing countries where policymakers may not fully understand the complexities of implementing effective regulations.

The need for policy coherence and discussions across different sectors is highlighted as vital for global progress. The speakers note that silos exist in all governments, leading to policy incoherence, and advocate for improved coordination and collaboration among stakeholders.

They argue that sustainability should not be limited to environmental considerations alone, but should be approached holistically, encompassing broader developmental, economic, and social dimensions. They stress the importance of promoting multi-stakeholder engagement to challenge and change the prevailing view on sustainability held by big tech companies.

To promote sustainable cross-border e-commerce, better coordination between postal operators and customs administrations at a global level is deemed necessary. The speakers provide an example of a successful project in Cambodia that brought together these two key players for enhanced operational efficiency, highlighting the positive impact of collaboration.

The fate of digital gadgets after their lifespan ends is a pressing concern, as rapid technological advancements render them obsolete. While e-commerce has created jobs, the speakers express concern that individuals lacking skills in using digital gadgets may be left behind, exacerbating social inequalities.

The impact of artificial intelligence on the job market is another area of concern. AI now performs tasks such as transcription and translation, potentially making certain jobs redundant. The concentration of data control in the hands of a few powerful companies in the e-commerce sector is also noted as a significant issue.

The speakers advocate for proactive measures to promote sustainability, including greater multi-stakeholder engagement and improved coordination among international organizations. They underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to e-commerce that takes into account its environmental, sustainability, and developmental aspects.

It is concluded that the term “development” should not be separated from “sustainability” but should be understood as an integral part of the broader concept. The speakers call for greater attention to be given to the interplay between sustainability and development in e-commerce discussions and initiatives.

Moderator

During the conversation, the sound technician confirmed his role in the meeting as the audio recording specialist. He mentioned that he was available to assist with any technical issues, providing his contact details for reference. The participants noted that they did not require any high-tech equipment, such as microphones, as the recording could be executed without them in a room of that size. They expressed their satisfaction with the low-tech nature of the meeting, stating that they did not have any presentations or PowerPoint slides.

The conversation then shifted to the topic of room allocation, with participants mentioning the difficulty in finding the right rooms. They highlighted the confusion caused by unclear instructions regarding room locations, mentioning instances where room details were not provided or where doubts arose regarding which room to go to. They described the building as a labyrinth and expressed their struggle to navigate it, noting that even after spending days and nights there, they still did not fully comprehend its layout. They jokingly referred to some rooms as “secret” and agreed that the building’s configuration made finding rooms a challenging task.

The participants briefly discussed their professions and connections to the ministry. One participant mentioned being a teacher based in Paris and being a part of a Brazilian film team, while another participant mentioned being a former peace engineer with a longstanding connection to the ministry.

Towards the end of the conversation, the participants discussed photography and the upcoming reception. One participant mentioned providing their information to the photographer and confirmed arrangements for being picked up in front of their colleagues. The conversation concluded with some lighthearted remarks and compliments exchanged among the participants.

Overall, the conversation mainly revolved around technical matters related to audio recording, challenges faced with room allocation, and casual discussions about the participants’ professions and connections. The participants exhibited a sense of humour and camaraderie throughout the conversation, highlighting their willingness to engage in small talk and make light of the difficulties they experienced.

A

Audience

Speech speed

184 words per minute

Speech length

2105 words

Speech time

687 secs

HM

H.E. Matthew Wilson

Speech speed

191 words per minute

Speech length

2745 words

Speech time

862 secs

M

Moderator

Speech speed

175 words per minute

Speech length

1089 words

Speech time

374 secs

VP

Valerie Picard

Speech speed

170 words per minute

Speech length

3038 words

Speech time

1070 secs

VD

Victor do Prado

Speech speed

145 words per minute

Speech length

3152 words

Speech time

1300 secs

WG

Wei Guo Tang

Speech speed

190 words per minute

Speech length

1997 words

Speech time

629 secs

YI

Yasmin Ismail

Speech speed

126 words per minute

Speech length

2399 words

Speech time

1143 secs