Morocco backs human-centric AI governance through partnership with France in Geneva

Morocco has called for stronger international accountability frameworks for AI during the first Global Dialogue on AI Governance in Geneva, reaffirming its commitment to international cooperation on digital transformation and responsible AI. Speaking alongside French Minister Delegate for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Affairs Clara Chappaz, Morocco’s Minister Delegate for Digital Transition and Administrative Reform, Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni, argued that increasingly autonomous AI systems require stronger accountability mechanisms.

The discussions covered cooperation on AI research, innovation, talent development, startup support, digital infrastructure, governance and digital sovereignty. Morocco and France also confirmed plans to meet in Rabat later this month to deepen their bilateral partnership on AI and digital transformation.

Morocco and France also confirmed plans to hold a meeting in Rabat later this month to further strengthen their partnership on AI and digital transformation. Seghrouchni highlighted the importance of accountability in large-scale digital government, noting the challenge of tracing system failures across Morocco’s approximately 52 million annual administrative transactions.

Both countries reaffirmed their commitment to a human-centric approach to AI based on privacy protection, security by design and technologies that serve citizens.

Morocco also highlighted its contribution to UNESCO‘s AI ethics work and the Arab-African D4SD Hub, developed with the United Nations Development Programme to support regional digital innovation.

Panellists also discussed transparency, human oversight, accountability and risk management throughout the AI lifecycle, with particular attention to protecting children, women and vulnerable communities. The discussions reflected growing international efforts to ensure that rapid AI adoption is accompanied by stronger governance, public trust and responsible innovation.

Why does it matter?

The discussion reflects a broader shift in international AI governance from high-level ethical principles towards practical accountability frameworks for increasingly autonomous AI systems. As governments deploy AI more widely in public services, questions around transparency, responsibility and human oversight are becoming central to digital governance.

Morocco’s active participation also highlights how emerging digital economies are seeking to shape international AI governance rather than simply adopt standards developed elsewhere. Through regional initiatives and cooperation with partners such as France and UNESCO, the country is positioning itself as a contributor to global discussions on responsible AI.

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Canada funds AI mining innovation projects

Canada has announced CAD 6.7 million in federal funding for two AI-enabled mining innovation projects aimed at improving critical minerals extraction and ecological restoration.

The two projects, worth a combined CAD 19.8 million, are led by Novamera Inc. of Oakville, Ontario, and Koonkie Canada Inc. of Vancouver, British Columbia. Funding is being provided through Canada’s Digital Technology Cluster (DIGITAL).

Novamera will receive CAD 3.8 million for a CAD 10.9 million project to advance its Surgical Mining technology, which combines subsurface imaging, AI, robotics and conventional drilling equipment to access mineral deposits with greater precision.

The technology is designed to enable more targeted extraction of critical minerals, including copper and rare earth elements. According to the government, the project will help move the technology from development towards commercial deployment.

Koonkie will receive CAD 2.9 million for a CAD 8.9 million project to develop an AI-powered mine restoration platform. The system will combine environmental DNA analysis, soil health data, remote sensing and Indigenous ecological knowledge to monitor biodiversity and ecological recovery.

Project partners estimate the platform could shorten ecological restoration timelines by five to ten years while reducing restoration costs by up to 40% compared with conventional approaches.

The projects are expected to create up to 35 jobs and maintain a further 37. The government said the investments support Canada’s broader strategy to strengthen critical mineral supply chains, advance clean technologies and improve industrial competitiveness.

Industry Minister Mélanie Joly said the investments would help Canadian companies develop and deploy technologies that improve the precision of critical minerals extraction, support responsible resource development and strengthen mine restoration.

Why does it matter?

Critical minerals such as copper and rare earth elements are essential for AI infrastructure, semiconductors, batteries and clean energy technologies, making mining innovation an increasingly important part of national industrial strategies. AI is also expanding beyond mineral exploration into operational efficiency and environmental management, helping companies improve resource recovery while reducing environmental impacts.

The projects illustrate how governments are using AI to strengthen both the competitiveness and sustainability of critical mineral supply chains. By combining automation, environmental monitoring and Indigenous knowledge, Canada is positioning digital technologies as a key component of responsible resource development.

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UNESCO supports Tanzania judicial curriculum on AI and rule of law

UNESCO has supported the development of Tanzania’s first judicial curriculum on AI, helping judges and justice sector professionals address the technology’s growing impact on courts, human rights and the rule of law.

Developed with the Institute of Judicial Administration (IJA) in Lushoto, the competency-based programme is designed for judges, magistrates, judicial trainers, court administrators and other justice sector professionals. It aims to strengthen their ability to understand, assess and make informed decisions about AI while safeguarding judicial independence, due process and fundamental rights.

The initiative supports Tanzania’s broader digital transformation of the justice sector. As courts adopt more digital technologies, judicial officers are expected to face new questions surrounding AI-generated evidence, algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability and the protection of human rights.

The curriculum is designed for long-term institutional use through induction courses, executive education, continuing judicial education and train-the-trainer programmes, allowing judicial expertise to evolve alongside advances in AI.

It draws on UNESCO’s global AI governance instruments, including the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, the Global Toolkit on AI and the Rule of Law for the Judiciary, the Guidelines for the Use of AI Systems in Courts and Tribunals, the Ethical Impact Assessment methodology, and guidance on generative AI in education and research.

Adapted to the legal and institutional context of Tanzania, the curriculum combines practical instruction with case studies, judicial simulations and hands-on exercises. Participants will examine AI-generated evidence, identify algorithmic bias, assess human rights risks and practise decision-making while preserving judicial independence.

UNESCO has also produced an instructor’s guide for IJA faculty, including lesson plans, practical exercises and assessment tools to support executive education, continuing judicial training and future train-the-trainer programmes.

The initiative reflects UNESCO’s broader effort to translate global AI governance principles into practical institutional capacity. By focusing on the judiciary, it aims to ensure that AI strengthens justice systems without undermining fairness, accountability or public trust.

Why does it matter?

The initiative treats AI and the rule of law as a practical judicial capacity challenge rather than simply a technology policy issue. As AI becomes more common in legal disputes, evidence and court administration, judges will increasingly need the knowledge to assess its use while protecting due process, judicial independence and fundamental rights.

The programme also illustrates a broader shift in AI governance from developing high-level principles to building institutional capacity. Equipping judges with practical AI knowledge could become an increasingly important part of maintaining public trust in justice systems as AI adoption expands.

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Namibia launches first community media policy

With UNESCO’s support, Namibia has launched its first Community Media Policy and Implementation Plan (2026–2030), marking a major step towards strengthening media pluralism and access to information. The launch took place from 17 to 19 June 2026 in Okakarara, Otjozondjupa Region, led by the Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Honourable Emma Theofelus.

The policy is based on principles including human rights, cultural diversity and peaceful coexistence. UNESCO supported its development alongside the Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia, the Namibia Community Broadcasters Network and other stakeholders. It is accompanied by a Community Media Code of Practice to promote ethical standards and good governance across the sector.

The policy also formalises the transformation of the Namibia Community Broadcasters Network into a representative body covering community radio, print, television and digital media. A key priority is increasing the participation of young people, women, Indigenous Peoples and persons with disabilities in media production and decision-making. Stakeholders are expected to hold an Annual General Meeting in the coming months to adopt the new structure and elect its leadership.

UNESCO said the policy’s success will depend on effective implementation and sustained collaboration, particularly in strengthening capacity development, securing sustainable financing and expanding access to technology. The initiative aims to support a more inclusive information ecosystem in which communities, regardless of geography or language, can participate in public debate and contribute to national development.

Why does it matter?

The policy gives Namibia its first formal framework for supporting community media, recognising local broadcasters and publishers as important contributors to access to information, media pluralism and democratic participation. By strengthening community media, the country aims to improve access to locally relevant information, particularly for rural and underrepresented communities.

The initiative may also provide a useful reference for other countries seeking to strengthen community media through dedicated policy frameworks. Its long-term impact, however, will depend on sustained funding, institutional support and successful implementation over the coming years.

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CISA shares lessons from GitHub credential exposure

CISA has published details of an internal CISA incident response triggered after an investigative reporter alerted the agency to Amazon AWS GovCloud keys and other internal information exposed in a public GitHub repository.

The agency said the information was identified by a security researcher whose company continuously scans public code repositories. The repository was not part of CISA’s official GitHub environment but belonged to a contractor’s personal GitHub account.

According to CISA, its Office of the Chief Information Officer immediately took the repository offline and preserved it for forensic analysis. The agency also suspended its development environment, reset affected credentials and revoked the contractor’s system access.

The investigation found that the contractor had uploaded copies of a CISA build and deployment repository to a personal GitHub account while attempting to build cloud infrastructure independently. The repository contained infrastructure-as-code, build scripts, administrator credentials and build credentials.

Forensic analysis found no evidence that the exposed credentials had been used outside CISA environments and no customer or mission data was compromised.

CISA subsequently rotated all credentials associated with environments where the contractor had administrator privileges, expanded repository allow and deny lists, and restricted users’ ability to upload code to public repositories before restoring the development environment.

The agency said the incident reinforced the value of taking external vulnerability reports seriously, applying Zero Trust principles to development environments and maintaining detailed logging that enabled rapid investigation.

It also identified several areas for improvement, including stricter controls over public repositories, better secrets detection, clearer GitHub and cloud incident response playbooks, simpler reporting channels for security researchers, stronger development environment guardrails and more mature cryptographic key management.

CISA also said organisations should maintain clear reporting channels for incidents affecting their own environments and publish reporting instructions in multiple locations rather than relying solely on a security.txt file.

The agency said publishing its own incident response experience is intended to help other organisations strengthen their security practices and improve preparedness for similar incidents.

Why does it matter?

The incident illustrates how easily sensitive credentials can be exposed through routine developer workflows and personal code repositories, even within organisations responsible for cybersecurity. It also highlights the importance of rapid detection, credential rotation and strong access controls when managing cloud infrastructure.

By publicly documenting both its response and the lessons learned, CISA is encouraging organisations to treat incident reporting, secrets management, Zero Trust architecture and developer governance as integral parts of software security rather than afterthoughts.

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Microsoft expands AI-powered Windows security

Microsoft is expanding its Windows security strategy by using AI to accelerate vulnerability discovery, analysis and remediation across its software development process. The company says AI is helping security teams identify potential issues faster across large codebases, shortening the time between discovering vulnerabilities and protecting customers.

The updated approach combines AI-powered security analysis tools with Microsoft’s multi-model agentic scanning systems to detect vulnerabilities, validate findings and prioritise high-confidence risks. Microsoft is also integrating AI into its engineering workflows to help developers investigate issues, recommend fixes and improve testing while maintaining human oversight throughout the process.

Microsoft said faster vulnerability detection will be matched by rigorous update validation to preserve reliability and compatibility across devices and applications. The company is also investing in automated patching, vulnerability management and deployment tools that help organisations apply security updates more efficiently.

As AI strengthens both cyber defence and offensive capabilities, Microsoft says it aims to reduce risk by combining faster vulnerability detection, responsible remediation and stronger security foundations across the Windows ecosystem.

Why does it matter?

AI is accelerating both cyberattacks and cyber defence, making speed an increasingly important factor in vulnerability management. As attackers use AI to identify and exploit weaknesses more quickly, software developers are under growing pressure to shorten the time between vulnerability discovery and remediation.

Microsoft’s approach reflects a broader shift towards continuous, AI-assisted security engineering rather than periodic security updates. By embedding AI throughout the software development lifecycle while retaining human oversight, the company is signalling how large technology providers may adapt software security to an increasingly AI-driven threat landscape.

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Quantum computing advances fusion energy research

Scientists from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Cleveland Clinic, and IBM have achieved a first-of-its-kind quantum computing milestone by using quantum-centric computing to calculate the molecular behaviour of a material linked to future fusion energy production.

The team combined quantum processors with classical supercomputers to study how FLiBe, a molten salt considered a promising material for fusion reactors, interacts with tritium at the atomic level. The work could help address one of fusion energy’s biggest challenges: producing and extracting enough tritium to support commercial-scale fusion power.

The research also demonstrates how quantum computing, AI, and high-performance computing can complement one another to solve scientific problems beyond the reach of conventional computing alone. Researchers now aim to scale the approach, improve its efficiency and support the design of advanced materials for future fusion systems.

The breakthrough forms part of the US Department of Energy’s Genesis Mission, which seeks to combine emerging computing technologies with scientific research infrastructure to accelerate discoveries in areas such as clean energy.

Why does it matter?

Fusion energy has long been viewed as a potential source of abundant, low-carbon power, but challenges such as reliable tritium production remain major obstacles to commercial deployment. Advances in modelling materials like FLiBe could help overcome one of the key technical barriers to practical fusion reactors.

The research also highlights the growing role of hybrid computing, combining quantum computing, AI and high-performance computing, in accelerating scientific discovery. As quantum hardware matures, this approach could shorten development cycles for advanced materials, energy technologies and other complex scientific applications.

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Greece begins parliamentary debate on EU AI Act implementation

Greece has introduced a draft law to implement the EU AI Act, becoming one of the first EU member states to establish a comprehensive national governance framework for enforcing the regulation.

The legislation aims to promote the safe, trustworthy and human-centred use of AI while protecting fundamental rights and supporting innovation, entrepreneurship and economic competitiveness.

The draft law designates the Hellenic Data Protection Authority as the national market surveillance authority and national contact point under the AI Act, while assigning the Hellenic Telecommunications and Post Commission as the notifying authority.

It also establishes an Artificial Intelligence Coordination and Know-how Centre to provide technical expertise to regulators, alongside a unified complaints mechanism and an administrative sanctions framework to support enforcement.

To encourage responsible innovation, the proposal introduces an AI regulatory sandbox, allowing startups and small and medium-sized enterprises to test AI applications under regulatory supervision.

The legislation also creates a Unified Registry of Public Artificial Intelligence Systems to strengthen transparency and accountability, while expanding the role of Greece’s AI Observatory in monitoring implementation of the National AI Strategy.

According to the Ministry of Digital Governance, the framework follows the AI Act’s risk-based approach by applying oversight measures proportionate to the risks posed by different AI systems.

The proposal builds on Greece’s broader AI strategy, including the creation of the Special Secretariat for Artificial Intelligence and Data Governance, with the aim of balancing innovation, economic development and the protection of fundamental rights.

Why does it matter?

Greece is positioning itself among the first EU member states to translate the AI Act into operational national institutions and enforcement mechanisms. By establishing supervisory authorities, a regulatory sandbox and governance structures ahead of key implementation deadlines, the country aims to provide greater legal certainty for businesses while supporting responsible AI innovation.

The legislation also illustrates how the AI Act will increasingly be implemented through national institutions rather than EU bodies alone. As other member states develop their own enforcement frameworks, differences in implementation could shape how consistently the regulation is applied across the European Union.

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UN leaders at WSIS Forum 2026 showcase coordinated push for inclusive and trusted digital transformation

WSIS+20 mandate puts cooperation at the centre

Leaders from across the United Nations system used the WSIS Forum 2026 to demonstrate how digital technologies and AI are already supporting sustainable development, while stressing that stronger cooperation will be essential to deliver on the renewed WSIS+20 mandate through 2035. The dialogue brought together heads and senior officials from more than a dozen UN agencies, highlighting a shared commitment to building inclusive, trusted, and people-centred digital transformation.

Opening the session, ITU Secretary-General Doreen Bogdan-Martin reminded participants that, despite two decades of progress, 2.2 billion people remain offline, underscoring the importance of continued cooperation across the UN system.

‘The past 20 years have proven that multistakeholder cooperation works,’ she said, describing the WSIS framework as a platform that continues to unite governments, civil society, academia, the private sector and international organisations around common digital goals.

She challenged the UN system to use technology not only to better serve member states but also to strengthen the organisation itself, arguing that digital transformation should support wider UN reform efforts.

Beyond connectivity: Trust, capacity and governance

A recurring theme throughout the first panel was that digital transformation extends far beyond expanding internet access.

Masahiko Metoki, Director General of the Universal Postal Union (UPU), argued that post offices remain essential digital access points, particularly in rural communities. While postal operators increasingly provide e-commerce, digital financial and government services, he noted that around 100,000 post offices worldwide still lack meaningful internet connectivity, limiting their ability to support local communities.

For WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, digital inclusion is inseparable from public health.

‘The digital divide is a health divide,’ he warned, arguing that countries lacking connectivity, digital skills and governance risk seeing inequalities widen as healthcare becomes increasingly digital.

He highlighted WHO initiatives, including the Global Digital Health Certification Network, which now supports more than 80 countries representing over two billion people, alongside efforts to develop ethical and trustworthy AI for health.

The importance of trustworthy data was echoed by Celeste Saulo, Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), who argued that AI systems are only as reliable as the data underpinning them.

Pointing to WMO’s WIS2 open data platform, now connecting more than 90 countries, Saulo said international cooperation on data sharing remains the foundation for trustworthy AI applications, particularly in weather forecasting and disaster resilience.

‘Weather data is a global public good,’ she said, adding that ‘trustworthy AI does not begin with algorithms but with open data.’

Making digital transformation meaningful

Several speakers argued that connectivity alone is no longer sufficient.

Pedro Manuel Moreno, Acting Secretary-General of UNCTAD, said the real question is whether digital technologies create economic opportunity.

‘The phone in your pocket can either entertain or employ,’ he observed, noting that many people in developing countries primarily use digital devices for social media rather than productive economic activities.

He pointed to UNCTAD’s eTrade for All initiative, which now includes 35 partner organisations, helping developing countries strengthen payments, logistics, legal frameworks and digital entrepreneurship.

Meanwhile, Michelle Gyles-McDonnough, Executive Director of UNITAR, introduced the concept of a growing ‘capacity divide’, arguing that countries increasingly need leadership, institutions and policy expertise, not just technology, to benefit from digital transformation.

UNITAR now reaches nearly 600,000 learners across 105 countries annually through executive education, AI governance training and digital capacity-building programmes.

Adding a social perspective, Magdalena Sepúlveda of the UN Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) argued that AI should ultimately be judged by its contribution to society rather than its technical capabilities.

‘Social justice cannot be an afterthought,’ she said, insisting that questions of who benefits, and who risks being left behind, must remain central to AI governance.

From strategy to implementation

The second panel shifted from high-level principles to practical implementation across the UN system.

UNESCO Assistant Director-General Mariya Gabriel highlighted the organisation’s work on AI governance and public-sector capacity-building, noting that more than 35,000 civil servants have completed UNESCO’s AI and Digital Transformation in Government programme.

UNICEF Chief Information Officer Kaan Cetinturk presented Ahead of the Storm, an AI-powered initiative that combines climate forecasts with vulnerability data to help governments better protect the 1.1 billion children exposed to climate hazards by enabling earlier humanitarian action.

Child protection also featured prominently in UNICRI’s presentation. Irakli Beridze, Head of the Centre for AI and Robotics, described the AI for Safer Children initiative, which has trained more than 3,500 law enforcement officers from 60 countries and contributed to rescuing over 100 children and arresting more than 250 offenders involved in online child exploitation.

Other agencies highlighted practical digital innovations already being deployed across the UN system.

The UN Joint Staff Pension Fund presented its digital identity solution, which enables more than 80,000 pensioners across 192 countries to verify their identities remotely, while UNICC showcased shared AI infrastructure designed to help UN agencies safely deploy AI applications in line with common governance standards.

UNOPS demonstrated shared procurement and grant management platforms used across multiple UN agencies, while UNDP outlined how digital transformation has been embedded across its new strategic plan as a cross-cutting accelerator for development.

A shared agenda for the next decade

Despite representing organisations with different mandates, speakers consistently converged around several common priorities.

Trustworthy AI, high-quality data, digital skills, human rights, and stronger institutional cooperation were repeatedly identified as prerequisites for responsible digital transformation. Capacity building emerged as equally important as connectivity, while many participants stressed that digital inclusion must ultimately be measured by improvements in people’s lives rather than technology deployment alone.

Closing the dialogue, Bogdan-Martin said trust had become the common thread linking all contributions, from health and climate to trade, education and public services.

‘The UN system succeeds when we work together,’ she said, describing the WSIS process as proof that coordinated multistakeholder cooperation remains one of the strongest foundations for advancing digital development worldwide.

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From landlocked to digitally connected: WSIS Forum 2026 explores pathways for LLDCs

Connectivity as a development imperative

Digital connectivity must become a central pillar of development strategies for landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), speakers at a high-level dialogue at WSIS Forum 2026 on the Awaza Programme of Action 2024–2034 agreed, arguing that digital transformation can help overcome many of the structural disadvantages associated with geography.

Moderated by Amanda Khozi Mukwashi, UN Resident Coordinator in Angola, the discussion brought together government ministers, international organisations, development banks, and private sector representatives to examine how connectivity can accelerate sustainable development in the 32 LLDCs, home to more than 620 million people. Mukwashi noted that while distance from seaports has historically translated into higher trade costs and infrastructure deficits, the digital era offers an opportunity to ‘redefine what it means to be landlocked.’

Delivering the keynote address, Dr Cosmas Luckyson Zavazava, Director of ITU Telecommunication Development Bureau, argued that connectivity should be viewed as a moral imperative rather than simply a technical challenge.

‘Digital transformation is not about replacing human judgement with algorithms,’ he said. ‘It is about amplifying human capacity through data, speed, and reach.’

He outlined three pillars for successful digital transformation: resilient digital infrastructure, digital skills and capacity development, and trusted governance frameworks covering cybersecurity, privacy, and inclusive digital services. ‘Connectivity is not a luxury, it is a utility,’ Zavazava stressed, adding that digital transformation must leave no one behind “not by accident, but by design.”

Closing the digital divide

A video message from Rabab Fatima, UN Under-Secretary-General and High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States, highlighted the scale of the challenge. Only 39% of people in LLDCs used the internet in 2024, compared with the global average of 68%, leaving around 359 million people offline.

Fatima described digital exclusion as a ‘new dimension of landlockedness’, arguing that inadequate connectivity increasingly limits access to economic opportunities, public services, and innovation. She called for stronger regulatory frameworks, increased blended finance, and the proposed Infrastructure Investment Financing Facility (IIFF) under the Awaza Programme to mobilise investment in broadband, digital public infrastructure, data centres, and digital skills.

Representing the group of LLDCs, Mirzo Khurshed of Tajikistan emphasised that digital connectivity affects far more than technology.

‘Connectivity is not only about technology, it is also about trade, jobs, education, health, and economic growth,’ he said. While digital technologies cannot change geography, they can reduce many of its disadvantages by improving access to services and enabling participation in regional and global digital markets.

Regional cooperation and financing

Several ministers highlighted the practical barriers faced by landlocked countries.

Zimbabwe’s Minister of ICT, Tatenda Anastacia Mavetera, identified financing as the primary obstacle to implementing national AI and digital transformation strategies. She called for greater regional cooperation, including shared computing infrastructure and collective investment in digital resources.

Botswana’s Minister David Tshere noted that all of the country’s internet bandwidth must transit through neighbouring states, resulting in costs almost four times higher than those faced by coastal countries. He argued that governments must continue investing in ICT infrastructure while strengthening partnerships with the private sector.

Namibia’s Minister Emma Inamutila Theofelus positioned her country as a potential regional digital hub, highlighting its submarine cable landings, port infrastructure, and bilateral cooperation with Botswana, including passport-free travel and the elimination of roaming charges. She invited neighbouring countries to invest in data centres and digital infrastructure, presenting Namibia as ‘a regional digital corridor’ for Southern Africa.

Regional cooperation was also a priority for Paraguay. Ambassador Raúl Cano Ricciardi explained that Paraguay depends entirely on fibre connections through neighbouring countries to access international submarine cables, making cross-border infrastructure and diversified connectivity routes essential for resilience and affordability.

Public-private partnerships

Development partners and industry representatives argued that achieving universal connectivity will require much greater private investment, supported by public financing and regulatory reforms.

EU Ambassador Deike Potzel outlined how the Global Gateway initiative is supporting satellite connectivity, cross-border fibre infrastructure, and investment guarantees designed to reduce project risks and attract private capital. She stressed the importance of regional cooperation, combining physical infrastructure with regulatory reforms and building pipelines of bankable digital projects.

The World Bank’s Sangbu Kim announced the creation of a new Digital Access Fund, combining concessional finance and public-private partnership mechanisms to encourage investment in underserved markets. He argued that infrastructure investments must be accompanied by policies that stimulate demand for digital services in sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and education.

Private sector speakers echoed these priorities. Ahmed Riad Ismail, Vice President of Global Standardisation at Huawei, said the company’s rural connectivity initiatives had connected more than 170 million people across 80 countries, exceeding its original Partner2Connect commitment. He stressed that governments, operators, technology providers, and international organisations all have complementary roles in expanding connectivity.

Representing MTN, Lele Modise argued that digital infrastructure should now be viewed as essential economic infrastructure, alongside roads, ports, and power networks. She warned that the greatest barrier is not a lack of opportunity but insufficient risk-adjusted capital to move projects from concept to implementation. Predictable regulatory frameworks, transparent licensing, and investment de-risking would be critical to attracting long-term private investment, she said.

Turning ambition into implementation

Throughout the dialogue, speakers repeatedly returned to a common message that the Awaza Programme provides a shared roadmap, but success will depend on implementation rather than commitments alone.

Closing the session, Zavazava reaffirmed that connectivity is ‘not only a technical goal, but a catalyst for economic transformation, regional integration, and sustainable development.’ Delivering on that vision, he said, will require political leadership, innovative financing, strong partnerships, and coordinated action across governments, international organisations, civil society, and the private sector.

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