US trade war escalates with new tariffs and secondary duties

US President Donald Trump announced that new automobile tariffs are imminent, though not all levies set for 2 April will be implemented immediately.

The move comes as Washington seeks to balance its aggressive trade policies with potential exemptions for certain nations. While the administration has indicated some flexibility, officials maintain that strong reciprocal tariffs will remain a key priority.

Wall Street responded positively to the prospect of a more selective approach, with US stocks climbing on optimism that the measures may be less severe than initially expected.

New tariffs will target key industries, including autos, pharmaceuticals, and semiconductors, with duties expected to reach 25%. Trump defended the tariffs, stating they are essential for national security and economic independence.

Meanwhile, the White House announced a 25% secondary tariff on any country purchasing oil or gas from Venezuela, a move that sent oil prices rising.

Countries with large trade surpluses and non-tariff barriers are expected to face the most scrutiny, with Washington focusing on a list of high-priority nations dubbed the ‘Dirty 15.’

Despite international concerns, Trump remains steadfast in his efforts to shrink the United States trade deficit, which he claims is fuelled by unfair foreign practices.

While some nations, including the United Kingdom and India, have pushed for exemptions, officials suggest that avoiding tariffs entirely will be difficult.

The administration has also signalled further investigations into other sectors, raising the likelihood of additional trade restrictions in the near future. Experts believe that while some measures may be delayed, the overall direction of US trade policy remains aggressive and unpredictable.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

EU regulators to drop Apple probe after compliance changes

EU antitrust regulators are preparing to close their year-long investigation into Apple’s web browser options on iPhones.

The inquiry, launched under the Digital Markets Act (DMA), examined whether Apple’s design restricted users from easily switching to rival browsers or search engines.

Changes implemented by the company have addressed the concerns of the European Commission, leading regulators to conclude the case.

The probe, which began in March last year, was part of the EU’s broader effort to ensure fair competition in digital markets.

Apple made modifications to its browser settings to comply with the new regulations, avoiding potential fines or further legal action. These changes align with the goal of the European Union to prevent dominant technology firms from imposing unfair restrictions on users.

Regulators are expected to officially close the investigation soon, marking a significant step in enforcing the DMA. The outcome highlights the EU’s growing influence over global tech policies, compelling major companies like Apple to adjust their practices to meet stricter competition standards.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

US-India trade negotiations intensify over tariff disputes

India is prepared to lower tariffs on over half of US imports worth $23 billion in a bid to ease trade tensions and prevent harsh reciprocal tariffs from Washington.

With US President Donald Trump set to impose new worldwide tariffs from 2 April, Indian officials fear the move could impact 87% of the country’s exports to the United States, prompting urgent negotiations between the two nations.

Trade talks are scheduled to begin this week, led by US Assistant Trade Representative Brendan Lynch.

While India is willing to make significant tariff cuts on a wide range of goods, government sources indicate that the concessions will depend on securing relief from US duties.

Sensitive items such as meat, wheat, maize, and dairy products remain off the table, but reductions may be possible for almonds, pistachios, and certain grains. India is also pushing for a phased reduction of its automobile tariffs, which currently exceed 100%.

Despite efforts by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to strengthen ties with Washington, Trump has repeatedly criticised India’s tariff policies, labelling the country a ‘tariff abuser.’

The Modi administration is weighing broader tariff reforms but faces domestic political challenges in implementing sweeping reductions. Experts suggest that while external pressure from the US might drive some changes, major across-the-board cuts remain unlikely in the short term.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

SEC lawsuit against Elon Musk sparks political debate

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) voted 4-1 to sue Elon Musk over his delayed disclosure of Twitter shares, a move that has sparked political controversy.

Republican Mark Uyeda, now the agency’s acting head, opposed the lawsuit, while the remaining commissioners, including fellow Republican Hester Peirce, supported it.

Uyeda reportedly asked enforcement staff to confirm the case was not politically motivated, but they declined, citing SEC procedures.

Musk’s failure to disclose his Twitter stake within the required timeframe allegedly saved him $150 million by allowing him to buy shares at lower prices.

The SEC attempted to settle the case in December, but Musk refused, accusing the agency of giving him an unreasonable deadline. Legal experts have questioned why the case took so long to be filed, with some suggesting the delay has undermined the SEC’s credibility.

The lawsuit is the latest in Musk’s long-running feud with the SEC, dating back to 2018 when the agency sued him over his tweets about taking Tesla private. He has until 4 April to respond to the summons.

Meanwhile, President Donald Trump has ordered a review of investigations conducted under Joe Biden, adding further political weight to the case.

Critics argue the SEC must enforce market rules consistently, while others see the timing as a potential sign of selective enforcement.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

Malaysia under scrutiny over semiconductor exports to China

Malaysia plans to tighten regulations on semiconductor shipments following US concerns over the potential transfer of high-end Nvidia chips to China.

Trade Minister Zafrul Aziz stated that the United States has urged Malaysia to closely monitor shipments, ensuring that advanced AI chips do not end up in unauthorised locations.

The move comes amid increasing global scrutiny over AI-related technology exports.

Authorities in Malaysia are also investigating whether local laws were breached in a case involving servers linked to a Singapore fraud investigation.

The case involves transactions worth $390 million, and reports suggest that some servers may have contained Nvidia chips subject to US export controls. Singapore media have linked the matter to potential transfers to Chinese AI company DeepSeek.

The United States has been tightening restrictions on advanced semiconductor exports to China, particularly chips crucial to AI development.

Malaysia’s role as a key semiconductor hub has drawn greater attention, with US officials pushing for stricter oversight.

The government is expected to introduce measures to ensure compliance with international regulations while maintaining its position in the global chip supply chain.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

MetaAI rolls out in Europe after regulatory hurdles

MetaAI, Meta’s AI chat function, is set to launch across Europe after delays caused by regulatory scrutiny regarding the use of personal data to train its models.

The European Commission is reviewing a risk assessment from Meta to ensure that the new feature complies with the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA). However, this regulation mandates companies to submit risk assessments in advance of deploying new functions.

MetaAI was first launched in the US in September 2023, followed by India in June 2024, and the UK in October.

However, its European rollout was delayed last summer after the Irish Data Protection Commission raised concerns about using data from Facebook and Instagram users for AI training.

Meta faced criticism over Europe’s regulatory approach, with company officials, including CEO Mark Zuckerberg, expressing frustration with the delays.

Despite the regulatory hurdles, Meta is now moving forward with its plans to bring MetaAI to the EU, with the company noting that the process has taken longer than expected due to Europe’s complex regulatory landscape.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

Google and Apple risk fines under EU’s Digital Markets Act

Google has been charged with two violations of the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), while Apple has been ordered to allow greater interoperability with rival devices.

The European Commission accused Google of restricting app developers from promoting external offers outside its Play Store and favouring its own services, such as Google Flights, over competitors in search results. If found guilty, the company could face fines of up to 10% of its global annual revenue.

The Commission also directed Apple to make its iPhones and iPads more accessible to rival smartphone and accessory makers. Additionally, Apple must respond to app developers’ requests for interoperability with its systems within a set timeframe.

Both companies pushed back against the EU’s findings, with Google arguing that compliance could harm consumers and businesses, while Apple claimed the rules would slow innovation and unfairly benefit competitors.

Regulators have intensified their crackdown on Big Tech despite warnings from the United States government against targeting American firms.

Google has already been fined over €8 billion for previous antitrust violations in Europe, and failure to comply with the latest orders could lead to further penalties for both tech giants.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

Amazon considers further appeal after losing GDPR case

Amazon has lost its appeal against a €746 million fine imposed by Luxembourg’s data protection regulator for breaching EU privacy laws.

The country’s administrative court upheld the penalty in a ruling on 18 March, siding with the National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD), which found Amazon had unlawfully processed personal data under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

The fine remains the largest issued under the EU privacy rules.

The CNPD also ordered Amazon to implement corrective measures, although enforcement will be suspended during the appeal period.

Amazon criticised the decision, arguing the fine was based on subjective legal interpretations without prior guidance from regulators. The company confirmed it is considering further legal action.

Europe has taken a strict stance on data privacy violations, with GDPR setting a global benchmark for consumer protections.

The ruling against Amazon reinforces the EU’s commitment to holding major tech companies accountable for their handling of personal data.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

Google acquires Wiz in $32 billion deal

Google has finalized a $32 billion acquisition of Israeli cybersecurity firm Wiz, sealing the deal just weeks after Donald Trump’s inauguration.

The agreement, a significant increase from Google’s initial $23 billion offer, was aided by the expectation of a friendlier antitrust review under the new administration, sources familiar with the negotiations said.

Wiz had considered an IPO before returning to the negotiating table, with new Chief Financial Officer Fazal Merchant playing a key role in shaping the deal alongside CEO Assaf Rappaport.

Google’s cloud chief, Thomas Kurian, was also instrumental in the agreement, which includes an unusually high $3.2 billion breakup fee should regulatory issues derail the transaction.

With Wiz boasting 70% annual revenue growth and over $700 million in annualized revenue, Google viewed the premium price as justified.

However, concerns remain over potential antitrust scrutiny, particularly given Google’s ongoing legal battles with the US Department of Justice over its dominance in search and ad technology.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.

Shareholders’ lawsuit against Amazon rejected with prejudice

A US judge has dismissed a lawsuit accusing Amazon of misleading shareholders about its treatment of third-party sellers and its expansion plans, which ultimately led to an antitrust case by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

The ruling by Judge John Chun in Seattle was made with prejudice, meaning the lawsuit cannot be refiled. Lawyers representing the shareholders did not immediately comment on the decision.

Investors had alleged that Amazon hid an algorithm that ensured its own products were priced lower than competitors’ and failed to disclose the risks of overexpanding its fulfilment network.

However, Judge Chun found no compelling evidence that Amazon executives, including former CEO Jeff Bezos and current CEO Andy Jassy, intentionally misled investors.

The court ruled that Amazon’s actions were more likely driven by profit-focused business strategies rather than fraud.

The FTC filed an antitrust case against Amazon in September 2023, accusing the company of using its market power to suppress competition and inflate prices.

Eighteen US states and Puerto Rico have joined the lawsuit, with a nonjury trial set for October 2026. The shareholder lawsuit covered Amazon stockholders from February 2019 to April 2022.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.