eTrade for all leadership roundtable: The role of partnership for a more inclusive and sustainable digital future

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Carlos María Correa

The South Centre is actively addressing development challenges presented by the digital economy. They operate in areas such as international trade, investment and intellectual property. To adapt to the changing digital landscape, the South Centre has incorporated digital transformation into their future programs. They are committed to producing policy-oriented research, supporting developing countries in international negotiations, and providing technical assistance and training.

The digital economy has the potential to contribute to various sectors like health, education and productivity. However, it also presents challenges such as job creation, inequality, and marginalisation. The South Centre recognises these concerns and is taking action. They have published recent works on digital education and digital health, highlighting the importance of these areas in the digital era. As part of their efforts, the South Centre is organising sessions during ‘e-week’ to address these critical issues.

Partnerships are crucial to the South Centre’s approach. They place a strong emphasis on collaborating with other organisations. For instance, the South Centre has partnered with other entities for publications on digital education and digital health. By working together, they can leverage expertise and resources to effectively address the complex challenges arising from the digital economy.

One significant issue the South Centre tackles is the lack of taxation by companies conducting business in developing countries through digital tools. This situation raises concerns about fairness and equality. Negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to tackle this problem. The South Centre advocates for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation, considering the diverse interests and different stages of development in each country. In this regard, they provide guidance to developing countries during the OECD negotiation process, helping them choose the most suitable taxation options.

The South Centre has also analysed alternatives to the OECD’s approach to digital taxation. One such alternative is developed by the United Nations (UN) Tax Committee. The South Centre has estimated the potential benefits that developing countries can obtain from both the OECD and UN Tax Committee alternatives. This analysis contributes to a more informed discussion and decision-making process regarding digital taxation.

Carlos Correa, associated with the South Centre, supports the creation of a United Nations Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The second committee of the UN General Assembly adopted a historic resolution, calling for the establishment of an ad hoc intergovernmental committee. This committee aims to draft the terms of reference for the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The support for this convention demonstrates the commitment to addressing tax cooperation at an international level, particularly in regards to reducing inequalities and fostering partnerships.

In conclusion, the South Centre plays a vital role in addressing the development challenges posed by the digital economy. Through research, support in negotiations and technical assistance, they strive for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation. Moreover, their emphasis on partnerships and collaboration with other organisations strengthens their impact in promoting inclusive economic growth and reducing inequalities. The South Centre’s efforts align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities).

Jovan Kurbalija

The analysis explores various perspectives on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its relationship to sustainable development goals (SDGs). One viewpoint suggests that AI should be developed in a bottom-up approach to ensure that knowledge generated belongs to individuals and is not concentrated in large systems, thus avoiding the risk of “knowledge slavery.”

Another important point raised is the need for the SDGs to guide the development of AI. By integrating the SDGs as guidelines, AI technology can align with global goals for sustainable development, which has been overlooked thus far.

The analysis also addresses the risks associated with AI, highlighting the importance of addressing these risks in the long-term, medium-term, and short-term. Long-term risks include potential job loss and impacts on economic growth, while short-term concerns focus on work loss and misinformation generated by AI systems. Medium-term risks involve the concentration of power and the emergence of AI-driven monopolies.

One speaker argues that AI can play a beneficial role if properly governed. The development of AI should be guided by the SDGs, and risks associated with AI should be addressed at all three timeframes – long-term, medium-term, and short-term.

The significance of small organizations and think tanks in shaping digital policies is also underscored. These entities possess the advantage of agility, risk-tolerance, and innovation, making them valuable contributors to policy development.

Furthermore, the analysis highlights the need to recognize small organizations, particularly in developing countries. Overcoming bureaucratic hurdles is crucial to enabling individuals from these countries to participate in shaping global AI systems.

The SDGs are identified as potential guidelines for AI guardrails, serving as a tool to boost progress towards sustainable development and ensure ethical AI practices.

The analysis emphasizes the importance of creating new narratives and fostering critical reflection. Prevailing narratives are deemed outdated and in need of revision. To challenge existing assumptions and better understand the implications and potential of AI, a system for critical reflection is necessary.

Efficient policy-making and productive focus are also emphasized. In partnerships, finding the right balance between speed and careful consideration is crucial. Policy-makers are encouraged to zoom in on specific issues of concern while maintaining a wider perspective to effectively address overarching challenges.

The analysis stresses the need for productivity and focus, advising against attempting to achieve everything at once. Instead, focusing on what is realistically achievable would lead to better outcomes.

Additionally, it calls for critical thinking and a more visual representation of problems. Given the urgency of addressing global challenges, critical thinking is essential. Increasing awareness of the severity of these challenges can be achieved through a more visually impactful representation, such as including more red colors in the semaphore.

In summary, the analysis highlights the importance of a bottom-up approach in AI development, integrating the SDGs as guidelines, and addressing the risks associated with AI at different time frames. Recognizing the contribution of small organizations and think tanks, particularly in developing countries, is crucial. The SDGs can serve as practical tools for AI guardrails, and there is a need for new narratives, critical reflection, efficient policy-making, and productive focus. Lastly, critical thinking and a visually impactful representation are essential in addressing global challenges.

Mourad Wahba

Partnerships are essential for implementing digital transformation and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 17 which emphasizes the importance of partnerships in leveraging resources and expertise to effectively achieve other SDGs. Collaboration and cooperation between stakeholders are crucial for successful digital transformation.

The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard is a critical tool for policymakers to assess the inclusivity of their policies in digital transformation. Developed in collaboration with the European Commission, GSMA, UNVESA, and UNDP, this scorecard is used in 25 countries. It allows policymakers to evaluate policy inclusivity and identify areas for improvement, promoting a more equitable digital economy.

The Pacific Digital Economy Programme has a positive impact on the inclusive digital economy in the Pacific region. This programme conducts surveys on digital finance and has published the first reports for Fiji and Samoa. It combines research, capacity building, and technical assistance for all stakeholders involved in the digital economy, contributing to the development of inclusive digital economies in the region.

Mourad Wahba advocates for the development of truly inclusive digital economies through collaboration and partnerships. Successful examples, such as the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, demonstrate the importance of collaboration between public and private sector stakeholders. These initiatives prioritize the interests of all stakeholders and contribute to the sustainable development of digital economies.

In summary, partnerships and collaboration play a crucial role in implementing digital transformation and achieving SDGs. The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme are successful examples of partnerships that promote inclusivity and equitable development. By fostering collaboration and harnessing the potential of digital technologies, the path towards truly inclusive digital economies becomes more attainable.

Edward Kwakwa

WIPO, the World Intellectual Property Organization, is leading the way in promoting and fostering a balanced intellectual property (IP) system that is essential for innovators and creators in the digital landscape. WIPO recognizes the pivotal role of intellectual property in driving innovation and creativity.

The organization is committed to ensuring that the IP system is accessible and inclusive, meeting the needs of both IP owners and users. WIPO has extended its IP capacity building efforts to countries in Africa and the Asia Pacific region, providing training and support to empower local innovators and creators. This initiative aims to enhance understanding and utilization of intellectual property tools in these regions.

WIPO has also launched the Global Innovation Index, a benchmarking tool that assesses and ranks countries’ innovation capabilities. This index enables countries to identify strengths and weaknesses in innovation and develop strategies for improvement. Alongside this, WIPO recognizes the importance of cooperation in the global digital landscape, advocating for partnerships and collaboration to address the challenges and opportunities of the digital revolution.

To facilitate e-commerce and cross-border dispute resolution, WIPO established the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy with UNCTAD. This policy streamlines the resolution of domain name conflicts, promoting cost-effectiveness and timely resolutions.

WIPO Academy has partnered with UNCTAD to support women digital business entrepreneurs through initiatives such as master class series on IP and e-trade. These programs aim to empower women entrepreneurs with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the digital business sector.

Moving forward, WIPO plans to emphasize the contribution of intellectual property to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their upcoming World IP Day theme will focus on IP and the SDGs, highlighting the role of the IP system in achieving goals related to health, education, climate action, and partnerships.

WIPO is committed to working with E-Trade for All partners and other stakeholders to create a more inclusive and sustainable digital future. They aim to unlock the full potential of innovation and creativity, fostering an environment that supports inclusivity and sustainability.

In summary, WIPO is at the forefront of promoting and fostering a balanced IP system that drives innovation and creativity. Through capacity building, cooperative mechanisms, support for women entrepreneurs, and a focus on the SDGs, WIPO aims to create a world where innovation and creativity are valued and supported for the benefit of all.

Rebeca Grynspan

The analysis explores several important topics related to the digital future, data as a global resource, e-commerce, and digital inclusivity. It emphasises the potential for growth that comes with the rapid pace of technological advancement, but also highlights the challenges in ensuring equal access for all.

When considering the digital future, it is clear that technological advancements hold great promise for economic development and innovation. The analysis points out that these advancements present numerous opportunities for growth. However, it also raises significant concerns about the need for ensuring equal access to these technologies. There is a pressing need to address the existing inequalities in digital access and bridge the digital divide.

The analysis also highlights the importance of data as a vital global resource. Data is generated by households, consumers, and citizens, and it is processed and analysed to derive valuable insights. As such, data plays a crucial role in shaping various aspects of society, including policy-making and sustainable development efforts. Recognising its significance, partnerships and collaborations are seen as essential in effectively managing and leveraging data for the benefit of all.

In relation to e-commerce, the analysis points out the growth of membership and partnerships under the E-Trade initiative. This collective achievement reflects the commitment of multiple stakeholders to fostering economic growth and decent work. By promoting digital trade and collaborative work, these partnerships aim to create opportunities and bolster economic development in a sustainable manner.

Digital inclusivity emerges as a key theme throughout the analysis. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity are recognised as crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy reach all individuals and communities. The analysis acknowledges that the path to digital inclusivity varies across different geographies and emphasises the importance of tailoring approaches to suit each unique context. It calls for the development and implementation of inclusive policies and strategies that address the specific barriers and challenges faced by different regions.

However, it is also important to note that the digital economy, despite its potential for growth, has the potential to deepen existing gaps between different parts of the world. Unequal access and benefits from the digital economy contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities. This observation highlights the urgent need to address these disparities and ensure that digital advancements are leveraged to promote fairness and inclusivity.

In conclusion, the analysis underscores the need for an inclusive and sustainable digital future. It emphasises the opportunities for growth that come with technological advancements but also highlights the challenges and inequalities that need to be addressed. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity and bridge the digital divide are crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy are accessible to all individuals and communities. By recognising data as a global resource and fostering partnerships, the potential of digital technologies to drive economic development can be harnessed in a sustainable manner.

Moderator – Isabelle Kumar

The analysis underscores the importance of digital skills in ensuring an equitable future. It acknowledges the increasing digitisation of society and argues that for the digital economy to be equitable, everyone must have access to digital skills. The analysis further raises questions regarding the South Centre’s role in addressing digital gaps and advocates for more information on their support in this area.

The analysis also highlights the significance of multi-stakeholder partnerships in achieving an equitable digital economy. It provides examples such as the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, a collaborative initiative aimed at aiding the digital growth of the Pacific region. Additionally, it mentions the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, which assists policymakers in evaluating the inclusivity of their digital policies. These examples demonstrate the necessity of collaboration between stakeholders for creating an equitable digital future.

Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the need for strategic initiatives to successfully navigate the future of the digital economy. Although specific details are not provided, the analysis suggests that such initiatives are essential for ensuring equitable outcomes.

Moreover, the analysis acknowledges the existence of digital divides and the importance of inclusivity. It emphasises that despite the presence of advanced digital infrastructure, digital divides persist. To address this issue, the analysis recommends focusing on inclusivity and offering subsidies to lower-income groups to facilitate internet connectivity. The proposal of a basic digital basket initiative is put forth as a means to subsidise the cost of connectivity.

The analysis also recognises the vital role of think tanks and NGOs in shaping a fair and equitable digital future. It highlights that both small and large NGOs can contribute to shaping policies that promote equitable digital outcomes.

Additionally, the analysis highlights the urgency and significance of digital inclusion. It argues that action on digital inclusion needs to be fast and all-encompassing, involving a larger number of individuals. It stresses the need to move beyond basic digital inclusion to ensure meaningful participation in the digital society.

Finally, the analysis concludes by acknowledging and appreciating the participation and contributions of the speakers and moderator in facilitating a valuable discussion. It commends their inputs and the overall conduct of the discussion.

In summary, the analysis underscores the importance of digital skills, multi-stakeholder partnerships, and inclusivity in achieving an equitable digital future. It raises questions about the South Centre’s efforts in addressing digital gaps, emphasises the need for strategic initiatives, acknowledges the existence of digital divides, recognises the role of think tanks and NGOs, highlights the urgency of digital inclusion, and appreciates the contributions of the speakers and moderator.

H. Nasser

The Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO) is an international organization aiming to enable digital prosperity for all. Currently, the DCO includes 15 member states from Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. The organization recognizes the specific needs of each member state in the digital economy.

The DCO focuses on three main areas for digital economy development: data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. The organization aims to build cross-border data capabilities and extract value from data. It emphasizes sustainability, ethics, and compliance to ensure a responsible and beneficial digital ecosystem.

Entrepreneurship is also a key focus for the DCO. The organization aims to support startups in their growth, investment, and cross-border expansion. This aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals of promoting decent work and economic growth.

The DCO takes a human-centric approach by prioritizing inclusivity and reducing inequalities in the digital economy. It addresses challenges such as misinformation and empowers women in the digital space.

Partnerships are essential to the DCO’s mission, and the organization has successfully established collaborations with various stakeholders. The DCO’s open approach has led to the publication of reports like “Bridging the Gap,” and it has been granted observer status at the UN General Assembly.

In conclusion, the DCO is dedicated to enabling digital prosperity for all through its focus on data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. It promotes partnerships and collaboration to create an inclusive and equitable digital economy. The organization works towards a future where the benefits of the digital revolution are shared by all.

Audience

Jamaica, as a small and developing state, faces several challenges related to digitisation. The key to overcoming these challenges lies in adopting a comprehensive approach that focuses on improving digital skills and infrastructure. These two factors are crucial for Jamaica’s successful integration into the digital economy.

Global partnerships among international organisations and partners play a pivotal role in addressing Jamaica’s digitisation goals. Collaborating with these entities can provide valuable resources, expertise, and funding needed for the development of digitisation initiatives. Additionally, partnerships enable sharing of best practices and lessons learned from similar projects in other countries, contributing to the overall success of Jamaica’s digitalisation efforts.

The E-Trade for All platform, as a means of fostering partnerships, can be further enhanced. It is recommended that the platform becomes more dynamic in showcasing the activities of different organisations involved in digitisation initiatives. This would allow member states, including Jamaica, to gain insights into successful projects and benefit from best practices.

Encouraging further partnership among international organisations such as UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation holds great potential for advancing Jamaica’s digitisation efforts. These organisations have actively supported digitisation initiatives globally and possess valuable expertise. Strengthening partnerships would provide member states with access to key contacts, resources, and support from these organisations.

The E-Trade for All platform also plays a crucial role in facilitating collaboration. It can serve as a powerful tool for showcasing ongoing digitisation projects and connecting countries with resources. By highlighting successful initiatives and providing access to relevant information and expertise, the platform supports the achievement of digitisation goals and facilitates knowledge-sharing among member states.

In conclusion, Jamaica’s digitisation challenges require a comprehensive approach that improves digital skills and infrastructure. Global partnerships among international organisations and partners are essential for providing necessary resources and expertise. Enhancing the functionality of the E-Trade for All platform by showcasing the efforts of different organisations and fostering collaboration will contribute to the success of Jamaica’s digitisation journey. Encouraging further partnership among organisations like UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation will enhance collaboration and support member states in their efforts towards digitisation.

José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has been actively promoting digital transformation and cooperation between stakeholders in the region. They have been supporting governments for over two decades to maximise the potential of digital technologies. Through their regional platform, ECLAC facilitates knowledge exchange and capacity building by bringing together governments, international organisations, and private stakeholders.

One of the key initiatives of ECLAC is the Ministerial Conference on the Information Society and Digital Agenda for Latin America and the Caribbean. This conference provides a platform for policymakers and stakeholders to discuss and shape the digital agenda for the region. It serves as a forum for collaboration and dialogue to drive digital advancements in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Cooperation between different stakeholders is considered crucial for effectively handling digital transformations. ECLAC has been actively collaborating with various partners to enhance the digital landscape. This cooperation allows activities such as training, progress assessment, improving indicators, and evaluating regulatory frameworks. By fostering collaboration, ECLAC recognises the importance of working together to address the complex challenges associated with digital transformation.

With the increasing complexity of digital issues, there is a pressing need for better governance at the national level. Issues such as cybersecurity, tax policy, data protection, consumer protection, and regulation of new technologies like artificial intelligence require robust governance frameworks. ECLAC emphasises the importance of improved governance to navigate these digital issues effectively.

While ECLAC has made significant contributions to promote digital advancement in the region, they acknowledge that more work needs to be done. The demands of their member countries are enormous, and the complexity of digital issues continues to evolve. ECLAC is committed to addressing these challenges and driving further progress in digital transformation.

Digital infrastructure and connectivity remain significant challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean. There are major gaps in terms of connectivity infrastructure, hindering the region’s ability to fully benefit from digital technologies. Addressing these issues is crucial to promoting inclusive growth, reducing inequalities, and achieving sustainable development goals.

To address inequality and provide access to lower-income groups, the concept of a basic digital basket has been proposed. This subsidy would cover the cost of connectivity and equipment for the poorest households. It is seen as a means to support education, social policy, and productive development, thereby addressing inequality and promoting social inclusion.

Latin America and the Caribbean are currently caught in a low-growth trap, with a growth rate of only 0.8% per year from 2014 to 2020. This can be attributed to very low investment and almost stagnant productivity. However, digital transformation has the potential to stimulate growth in the region. Exports of modern services, which depend on the digital revolution, have the potential to significantly boost growth and productivity.

To drive regional growth, ECLAC emphasises the importance of focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors. They have identified 14 sectors, including those related to energy transition and electric mobility, as having great potential for growth. Through a more focused and micro-level approach, these sectors can help stimulate growth and transform the region in a sustainable and inclusive direction.

In conclusion, ECLAC plays a vital role in promoting digital transformation in Latin America and the Caribbean. They facilitate cooperation between stakeholders, support governments in maximising the potential of digital technologies, and advocate for improved governance to navigate digital issues effectively. Addressing challenges related to digital infrastructure, connectivity, and inequality is crucial for inclusive and sustainable growth in the region. By focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors, ECLAC aims to stimulate growth and transform the region in a more sustainable and inclusive direction.

A

Audience

Speech speed

200 words per minute

Speech length

302 words

Speech time

91 secs


Arguments

Need for a holistic approach to digitalization

Supporting facts:

  • Jamaica, as a small and developing state, faces several challenges related to digitalization.
  • This requires a cross-cutting approach focusing on areas like digital skills and infrastructure.
  • Global partnerships amongst international organizations and partners are crucial.
  • The E-Trade for All platform could be more dynamic, showing what different organizations are doing and allowing member states to pull best practices.

Topics: Digital skills, Infrastructure, Partnership, Cross-cutting approach, E-Trade for All Platform


Report

Jamaica, as a small and developing state, faces several challenges related to digitisation. The key to overcoming these challenges lies in adopting a comprehensive approach that focuses on improving digital skills and infrastructure. These two factors are crucial for Jamaica’s successful integration into the digital economy.

Global partnerships among international organisations and partners play a pivotal role in addressing Jamaica’s digitisation goals. Collaborating with these entities can provide valuable resources, expertise, and funding needed for the development of digitisation initiatives. Additionally, partnerships enable sharing of best practices and lessons learned from similar projects in other countries, contributing to the overall success of Jamaica’s digitalisation efforts.

The E-Trade for All platform, as a means of fostering partnerships, can be further enhanced. It is recommended that the platform becomes more dynamic in showcasing the activities of different organisations involved in digitisation initiatives. This would allow member states, including Jamaica, to gain insights into successful projects and benefit from best practices.

Encouraging further partnership among international organisations such as UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation holds great potential for advancing Jamaica’s digitisation efforts. These organisations have actively supported digitisation initiatives globally and possess valuable expertise. Strengthening partnerships would provide member states with access to key contacts, resources, and support from these organisations.

The E-Trade for All platform also plays a crucial role in facilitating collaboration. It can serve as a powerful tool for showcasing ongoing digitisation projects and connecting countries with resources. By highlighting successful initiatives and providing access to relevant information and expertise, the platform supports the achievement of digitisation goals and facilitates knowledge-sharing among member states.

In conclusion, Jamaica’s digitisation challenges require a comprehensive approach that improves digital skills and infrastructure. Global partnerships among international organisations and partners are essential for providing necessary resources and expertise. Enhancing the functionality of the E-Trade for All platform by showcasing the efforts of different organisations and fostering collaboration will contribute to the success of Jamaica’s digitisation journey.

Encouraging further partnership among organisations like UNCTAD, WIPO, and the Diplo Foundation will enhance collaboration and support member states in their efforts towards digitisation.

CM

Carlos María Correa

Speech speed

170 words per minute

Speech length

796 words

Speech time

281 secs


Arguments

The South Center is addressing development challenges posed by the digital economy

Supporting facts:

  • The South Center works in areas of international trade, investment, intellectual property and other areas
  • They have incorporated the issue of digital transformation in their programs for upcoming years
  • They produce policy-oriented research, support developing countries in international negotiations, and provide technical assistance and training

Topics: Digital Economy, Development Challenges


Many companies are doing businesses in developing countries through digital tools, but they are not paying taxes in these countries.

Topics: Digital Taxation, Developing Countries


Negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the OECD on taxation in the digital economy, leading to the so-called two-pillar solution.

Topics: Digital Taxation, OECD


There are alternatives to the OECD’s approach to digital taxation, notably one developed by the UN Tax Committee.

Supporting facts:

  • The South Centre made estimates about what developing countries can gain from these two alternatives, the OECD alternative, and the UN Tax Committee alternative.

Topics: Digital Taxation, UN Tax Committee, OECD


Report

The South Centre is actively addressing development challenges presented by the digital economy. They operate in areas such as international trade, investment and intellectual property. To adapt to the changing digital landscape, the South Centre has incorporated digital transformation into their future programs.

They are committed to producing policy-oriented research, supporting developing countries in international negotiations, and providing technical assistance and training. The digital economy has the potential to contribute to various sectors like health, education and productivity. However, it also presents challenges such as job creation, inequality, and marginalisation.

The South Centre recognises these concerns and is taking action. They have published recent works on digital education and digital health, highlighting the importance of these areas in the digital era. As part of their efforts, the South Centre is organising sessions during ‘e-week’ to address these critical issues.

Partnerships are crucial to the South Centre’s approach. They place a strong emphasis on collaborating with other organisations. For instance, the South Centre has partnered with other entities for publications on digital education and digital health. By working together, they can leverage expertise and resources to effectively address the complex challenges arising from the digital economy.

One significant issue the South Centre tackles is the lack of taxation by companies conducting business in developing countries through digital tools. This situation raises concerns about fairness and equality. Negotiations are taking place under the auspices of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to tackle this problem.

The South Centre advocates for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation, considering the diverse interests and different stages of development in each country. In this regard, they provide guidance to developing countries during the OECD negotiation process, helping them choose the most suitable taxation options.

The South Centre has also analysed alternatives to the OECD’s approach to digital taxation. One such alternative is developed by the United Nations (UN) Tax Committee. The South Centre has estimated the potential benefits that developing countries can obtain from both the OECD and UN Tax Committee alternatives.

This analysis contributes to a more informed discussion and decision-making process regarding digital taxation. Carlos Correa, associated with the South Centre, supports the creation of a United Nations Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The second committee of the UN General Assembly adopted a historic resolution, calling for the establishment of an ad hoc intergovernmental committee.

This committee aims to draft the terms of reference for the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation. The support for this convention demonstrates the commitment to addressing tax cooperation at an international level, particularly in regards to reducing inequalities and fostering partnerships.

In conclusion, the South Centre plays a vital role in addressing the development challenges posed by the digital economy. Through research, support in negotiations and technical assistance, they strive for a fair and balanced system of digital taxation. Moreover, their emphasis on partnerships and collaboration with other organisations strengthens their impact in promoting inclusive economic growth and reducing inequalities.

The South Centre’s efforts align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities).

EK

Edward Kwakwa

Speech speed

144 words per minute

Speech length

1039 words

Speech time

433 secs


Arguments

Intellectual property is the fulcrum of a digital system, critical to innovators and creators

Supporting facts:

  • WIPO is promoting a balanced IP system
  • A scoping study was initiated in January 2022 focusing on creative industries in four countries

Topics: Digital System, Intellectual Property, Innovation, Creation


WIPO is on a mission to make the intellectual property system balanced, inclusive and accessible by ensuring the interests of both the owners and the users are met

Supporting facts:

  • WIPO has extended IP capacity building to countries in other continents including Africa and Asia Pacific
  • Through WIPO’s Global Innovation Index, they rank countries’ innovation capabilities

Topics: Intellectual Property, Digital Inclusion, Balance, Access


The digital landscape is a global entity that requires cooperation

Supporting facts:

  • No one entity can expect to be able to achieve anything on its own

Topics: Cooperation, Global Digital Landscape


Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy established with UNCTAD in 1999

Supporting facts:

  • This policy enables cross-border dispute resolution, facilitates e-commerce
  • It’s cost-effective and time-effective

Topics: WIPO, UNCTAD, Domain Name Dispute Resolution


WIPO Academy partnered with UNCTAD in 2022 to support women digital business entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

  • Started a master class series on IP and e-trade
  • Very successful program

Topics: WIPO, UNCTAD, Women Entrepreneurs


WIPO is planning to spotlight IP’s contribution to the implementation of the SDGs

Supporting facts:

  • WIPO’s World IP Day theme for next year will be on IP and the SDGs
  • The idea is to highlight the role of the IP system in implementing the SDGs

Topics: WIPO, Intellectual Property, SDGs


WIPO is committed to working with all the E-Trade for All partners, along with other interested stakeholders, for a more inclusive and sustainable digital future.

Supporting facts:

  • Platform to unlock the full potential of innovation and creativity.

Topics: WIPO, E-Trade for All


Report

WIPO, the World Intellectual Property Organization, is leading the way in promoting and fostering a balanced intellectual property (IP) system that is essential for innovators and creators in the digital landscape. WIPO recognizes the pivotal role of intellectual property in driving innovation and creativity.

The organization is committed to ensuring that the IP system is accessible and inclusive, meeting the needs of both IP owners and users. WIPO has extended its IP capacity building efforts to countries in Africa and the Asia Pacific region, providing training and support to empower local innovators and creators.

This initiative aims to enhance understanding and utilization of intellectual property tools in these regions. WIPO has also launched the Global Innovation Index, a benchmarking tool that assesses and ranks countries’ innovation capabilities. This index enables countries to identify strengths and weaknesses in innovation and develop strategies for improvement.

Alongside this, WIPO recognizes the importance of cooperation in the global digital landscape, advocating for partnerships and collaboration to address the challenges and opportunities of the digital revolution. To facilitate e-commerce and cross-border dispute resolution, WIPO established the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy with UNCTAD.

This policy streamlines the resolution of domain name conflicts, promoting cost-effectiveness and timely resolutions. WIPO Academy has partnered with UNCTAD to support women digital business entrepreneurs through initiatives such as master class series on IP and e-trade. These programs aim to empower women entrepreneurs with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in the digital business sector.

Moving forward, WIPO plans to emphasize the contribution of intellectual property to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their upcoming World IP Day theme will focus on IP and the SDGs, highlighting the role of the IP system in achieving goals related to health, education, climate action, and partnerships.

WIPO is committed to working with E-Trade for All partners and other stakeholders to create a more inclusive and sustainable digital future. They aim to unlock the full potential of innovation and creativity, fostering an environment that supports inclusivity and sustainability.

In summary, WIPO is at the forefront of promoting and fostering a balanced IP system that drives innovation and creativity. Through capacity building, cooperative mechanisms, support for women entrepreneurs, and a focus on the SDGs, WIPO aims to create a world where innovation and creativity are valued and supported for the benefit of all.

HN

H. Nasser

Speech speed

173 words per minute

Speech length

1342 words

Speech time

466 secs


Arguments

Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO) aims to enable digital prosperity for all

Supporting facts:

  • DCO is an international organization with digital cooperation at its core
  • DCO includes 15 member states today from Asia, Africa, Middle East and Europe
  • DCO recognizes the specificity of each member state and their digital economy needs

Topics: Digital Cooperation, Inclusive Digital Future


DCO is focused on three main areas for digital economy development, namely, data, entrepreneurship, and human-centric digital ecosystem.

Supporting facts:

  • DCO is looking to build cross-border data and extract value
  • DCO aims to help start-ups grow, find investment and expand cross-border
  • DCO emphasizes sustainability, ethics, and compliance in its human-centric digital ecosystem mission

Topics: Data, Entrepreneurship, Digital Economy


DCO aims to create a dynamic by combining the ‘red’ and ‘green’ areas to yield more inclusive results in the digital economy

Supporting facts:

  • DCO has been focusing on entrepreneurship
  • Established a stride association for entrepreneurs in the digital economy under the championship of the Kingdom of Jordan

Topics: Digital Economy, Inclusive Growth


DCO has been succeeding in establishing partnerships due to its open approach

Supporting facts:

  • DCO’s open approach led to the publication of the report ‘Bridging the Gap’ last year
  • They have kept the door open to all organizations, civil society, private sector, other international organizations

Topics: Partnerships, Cooperation, Digital Economy


Partnership is essential for the future of the digital economy

Supporting facts:

  • Trade for All is an example of how partnership can work in the digital economy
  • E-Week is designed to bring people together to create ideas to address digital economy challenges

Topics: Digital Economy, Partnership, Trade for All


Report

The Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO) is an international organization aiming to enable digital prosperity for all. Currently, the DCO includes 15 member states from Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. The organization recognizes the specific needs of each member state in the digital economy.

The DCO focuses on three main areas for digital economy development: data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. The organization aims to build cross-border data capabilities and extract value from data. It emphasizes sustainability, ethics, and compliance to ensure a responsible and beneficial digital ecosystem.

Entrepreneurship is also a key focus for the DCO. The organization aims to support startups in their growth, investment, and cross-border expansion. This aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals of promoting decent work and economic growth. The DCO takes a human-centric approach by prioritizing inclusivity and reducing inequalities in the digital economy.

It addresses challenges such as misinformation and empowers women in the digital space. Partnerships are essential to the DCO’s mission, and the organization has successfully established collaborations with various stakeholders. The DCO’s open approach has led to the publication of reports like “Bridging the Gap,” and it has been granted observer status at the UN General Assembly.

In conclusion, the DCO is dedicated to enabling digital prosperity for all through its focus on data, entrepreneurship, and a human-centric digital ecosystem. It promotes partnerships and collaboration to create an inclusive and equitable digital economy. The organization works towards a future where the benefits of the digital revolution are shared by all.

JM

José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs

Speech speed

177 words per minute

Speech length

1924 words

Speech time

653 secs


Arguments

Digital transformation is a key focus for ECLAC

Supporting facts:

  • ECLAC has been supporting governments to maximise digital technologies’ potential for over two decades.
  • They offer a regional platform for knowledge exchange and capacity building bringing together governments, international orgs and private stakeholders.
  • They have a Ministerial Conference on the Information Society and Digital Agenda for Latin America and Caribbean

Topics: ECLAC collaboration, Digital transformation, Economic development


Cooperation between different stakeholders is crucial for handling digital transformations

Supporting facts:

  • ECLAC has been collaborating with various partners
  • The cooperation allows activities such as training, assessment of progress, improving indicators and evaluating regulatory frameworks

Topics: Cooperation, Policy dialogue


There is a need for better governance to navigate digital issues

Supporting facts:

  • Digital issues are becoming more complex
  • Issues range from cybersecurity, tax policy, data protection, consumer protection, to regulation of new technologies such as AI
  • Improvements in governance at national level is required

Topics: Governance, Cybersecurity, Data Protection


Effective digital transformation requires good governance and strategic planning

Supporting facts:

  • Countries are experimenting with various governance structures, such as assigning digital transformation responsibilities to a ministry of science and technology or having a digital transformation czar close to the office of the president.

Topics: digital transformation, governance


The issue of digital infrastructure and connectivity is major in Latin America and the Caribbean

Supporting facts:

  • There are major gaps in terms of the connectivity infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Topics: digital infrastructure, connectivity


A basic digital basket can address inequality and provide access to lower-income groups

Supporting facts:

  • The basic digital basket would be a subsidy to pay the cost of connectivity and the equipment for the poorest households. This can support education, social policy, and productive development.

Topics: digital access, inequality, basic digital basket


Latin America and the Caribbean are in a low-growth trap

Supporting facts:

  • The region has grown at only 0.8% per year from 2014 to 2020
  • This low growth is due to very low investment and almost flat productivity

Topics: Latin America, Caribbean, low growth trap


The issue of digital transformation is absolutely crucial for growth in Latin America and the Caribbean

Supporting facts:

  • The lack of digital transformation is contributing to the region’s low growth rate
  • Exports of modern services, which are based on the digital revolution, have tremendous potential for dynamizing growth

Topics: digital transformation, growth, Latin America, Caribbean


Focus on productive development policies and specific sectors are important for regional growth

Supporting facts:

  • 14 sectors, many related to the energy transition and electrical mobility, have been identified with great potential for growth
  • These sectors, which require a more focused and micro approach, can help dynamize growth and transform it in a more sustainable and inclusive direction

Topics: productive development policies, specific sectors, growth


Report

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has been actively promoting digital transformation and cooperation between stakeholders in the region. They have been supporting governments for over two decades to maximise the potential of digital technologies. Through their regional platform, ECLAC facilitates knowledge exchange and capacity building by bringing together governments, international organisations, and private stakeholders.

One of the key initiatives of ECLAC is the Ministerial Conference on the Information Society and Digital Agenda for Latin America and the Caribbean. This conference provides a platform for policymakers and stakeholders to discuss and shape the digital agenda for the region.

It serves as a forum for collaboration and dialogue to drive digital advancements in Latin America and the Caribbean. Cooperation between different stakeholders is considered crucial for effectively handling digital transformations. ECLAC has been actively collaborating with various partners to enhance the digital landscape.

This cooperation allows activities such as training, progress assessment, improving indicators, and evaluating regulatory frameworks. By fostering collaboration, ECLAC recognises the importance of working together to address the complex challenges associated with digital transformation. With the increasing complexity of digital issues, there is a pressing need for better governance at the national level.

Issues such as cybersecurity, tax policy, data protection, consumer protection, and regulation of new technologies like artificial intelligence require robust governance frameworks. ECLAC emphasises the importance of improved governance to navigate these digital issues effectively. While ECLAC has made significant contributions to promote digital advancement in the region, they acknowledge that more work needs to be done.

The demands of their member countries are enormous, and the complexity of digital issues continues to evolve. ECLAC is committed to addressing these challenges and driving further progress in digital transformation. Digital infrastructure and connectivity remain significant challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean.

There are major gaps in terms of connectivity infrastructure, hindering the region’s ability to fully benefit from digital technologies. Addressing these issues is crucial to promoting inclusive growth, reducing inequalities, and achieving sustainable development goals. To address inequality and provide access to lower-income groups, the concept of a basic digital basket has been proposed.

This subsidy would cover the cost of connectivity and equipment for the poorest households. It is seen as a means to support education, social policy, and productive development, thereby addressing inequality and promoting social inclusion. Latin America and the Caribbean are currently caught in a low-growth trap, with a growth rate of only 0.8% per year from 2014 to 2020.

This can be attributed to very low investment and almost stagnant productivity. However, digital transformation has the potential to stimulate growth in the region. Exports of modern services, which depend on the digital revolution, have the potential to significantly boost growth and productivity.

To drive regional growth, ECLAC emphasises the importance of focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors. They have identified 14 sectors, including those related to energy transition and electric mobility, as having great potential for growth. Through a more focused and micro-level approach, these sectors can help stimulate growth and transform the region in a sustainable and inclusive direction.

In conclusion, ECLAC plays a vital role in promoting digital transformation in Latin America and the Caribbean. They facilitate cooperation between stakeholders, support governments in maximising the potential of digital technologies, and advocate for improved governance to navigate digital issues effectively.

Addressing challenges related to digital infrastructure, connectivity, and inequality is crucial for inclusive and sustainable growth in the region. By focusing on productive development policies and specific sectors, ECLAC aims to stimulate growth and transform the region in a more sustainable and inclusive direction.

JK

Jovan Kurbalija

Speech speed

188 words per minute

Speech length

1938 words

Speech time

618 secs


Arguments

AI should be developed in a bottom-up approach

Supporting facts:

  • The knowledge generated belongs to the individual
  • By uploading knowledge into big systems, we risk knowledge slavery

Topics: AI Governance, Data Ownership, Market Economy, Democracy


Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) should guide the development of AI

Supporting facts:

  • SDGs provide a concrete and specific codification of humanity’s priorities
  • The use of SDGs as guidelines for AI has been overlooked

Topics: AI Development, Sustainable Development Goals


There are long-term, medium-term, and short-term risks associated with AI

Supporting facts:

  • Elimination risk is a long-term concern
  • Work loss and misinformation generated by AI are short-term risks
  • Monopolies pose a medium-term risk

Topics: AI Risk Management, Job Loss, Monopoly


The role of small organizations, think tanks, in shaping digital policies

Supporting facts:

  • Small organizations can create a digital ecosystem and bring new issues to question
  • Small organizations have advantage of moving fast, tolerating risks and pushing new ideas

Topics: Digital Policies, AI, Ecosystems


SDGs could be guidelines for AI guardrail

Supporting facts:

  • SDGs have not been previously mentioned in context of AI guardrails but his analysis has led to this conclusion
  • It would boost the SDGs and serve as a practical tool for AI

Topics: AI, SDGs, Policy Guidelines


In partnerships, there’s need to move fast with a few and far with many

Supporting facts:

  • African saying, moving fast, moving slow

Topics: Partnerships, Efficiency


Policy makers should zero in on specific issues of concern but also keep a wider perspective

Supporting facts:

  • Metaphor of camera – to zoom in and zoom out

Topics: Policy Making, Focus


We should tackle what we can do instead of trying to achieve everything all at once

Supporting facts:

  • Metaphor – avoid trying to boil ocean

Topics: Goals, Productivity


The world is currently facing numerous problems and the need for critical thinking is urgent

Supporting facts:

  • Invites everyone to view the report with all colors
  • Needed more red colors to indicate the severity of current situation

Topics: World Problems, Critical Thinking


Report

The analysis explores various perspectives on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its relationship to sustainable development goals (SDGs). One viewpoint suggests that AI should be developed in a bottom-up approach to ensure that knowledge generated belongs to individuals and is not concentrated in large systems, thus avoiding the risk of “knowledge slavery.” Another important point raised is the need for the SDGs to guide the development of AI.

By integrating the SDGs as guidelines, AI technology can align with global goals for sustainable development, which has been overlooked thus far. The analysis also addresses the risks associated with AI, highlighting the importance of addressing these risks in the long-term, medium-term, and short-term.

Long-term risks include potential job loss and impacts on economic growth, while short-term concerns focus on work loss and misinformation generated by AI systems. Medium-term risks involve the concentration of power and the emergence of AI-driven monopolies. One speaker argues that AI can play a beneficial role if properly governed.

The development of AI should be guided by the SDGs, and risks associated with AI should be addressed at all three timeframes – long-term, medium-term, and short-term. The significance of small organizations and think tanks in shaping digital policies is also underscored.

These entities possess the advantage of agility, risk-tolerance, and innovation, making them valuable contributors to policy development. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the need to recognize small organizations, particularly in developing countries. Overcoming bureaucratic hurdles is crucial to enabling individuals from these countries to participate in shaping global AI systems.

The SDGs are identified as potential guidelines for AI guardrails, serving as a tool to boost progress towards sustainable development and ensure ethical AI practices. The analysis emphasizes the importance of creating new narratives and fostering critical reflection. Prevailing narratives are deemed outdated and in need of revision.

To challenge existing assumptions and better understand the implications and potential of AI, a system for critical reflection is necessary. Efficient policy-making and productive focus are also emphasized. In partnerships, finding the right balance between speed and careful consideration is crucial.

Policy-makers are encouraged to zoom in on specific issues of concern while maintaining a wider perspective to effectively address overarching challenges. The analysis stresses the need for productivity and focus, advising against attempting to achieve everything at once. Instead, focusing on what is realistically achievable would lead to better outcomes.

Additionally, it calls for critical thinking and a more visual representation of problems. Given the urgency of addressing global challenges, critical thinking is essential. Increasing awareness of the severity of these challenges can be achieved through a more visually impactful representation, such as including more red colors in the semaphore.

In summary, the analysis highlights the importance of a bottom-up approach in AI development, integrating the SDGs as guidelines, and addressing the risks associated with AI at different time frames. Recognizing the contribution of small organizations and think tanks, particularly in developing countries, is crucial.

The SDGs can serve as practical tools for AI guardrails, and there is a need for new narratives, critical reflection, efficient policy-making, and productive focus. Lastly, critical thinking and a visually impactful representation are essential in addressing global challenges.

M-

Moderator – Isabelle Kumar

Speech speed

174 words per minute

Speech length

2109 words

Speech time

728 secs


Arguments

Need for ensuring everyone is equipped with the digital skills to enable an equitable future

Supporting facts:

  • The future is increasingly digital
  • Digital economy can’t be equitable if people lack access and skills

Topics: Digital Skills, Digital Economy, Inclusion


Emphasizes the importance of multi-stakeholder partnerships

Supporting facts:

  • Provided the instance of the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, which is a joint initiative by various organizations helping the Pacific region grow digitally
  • Mentioned the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, a tool assisting policy makers in assessing the inclusivity of their digital policies

Topics: Partnerships, E-Commerce, Digital Transformation


Even if you have a great digital infrastructure, that doesn’t mean that digital divides don’t exist.

Supporting facts:

  • Countries need to focus on inclusivity and offering subsidies to lower-income groups to connect to the Internet
  • A basic digital basket initiative has been proposed to subsidize cost of connectivity

Topics: Digital Divide, Digital Infrastructure


Considering the urgency and importance of digital inclusion, the pace of action needs to be both fast and far-reaching with more people.

Supporting facts:

  • Given the importance of digital inclusion, she suggests taking an extra step to go fast and far with many people.

Topics: Digital inclusion, Fast and far, Policymaking


Report

The analysis underscores the importance of digital skills in ensuring an equitable future. It acknowledges the increasing digitisation of society and argues that for the digital economy to be equitable, everyone must have access to digital skills. The analysis further raises questions regarding the South Centre’s role in addressing digital gaps and advocates for more information on their support in this area.

The analysis also highlights the significance of multi-stakeholder partnerships in achieving an equitable digital economy. It provides examples such as the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, a collaborative initiative aimed at aiding the digital growth of the Pacific region. Additionally, it mentions the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, which assists policymakers in evaluating the inclusivity of their digital policies.

These examples demonstrate the necessity of collaboration between stakeholders for creating an equitable digital future. Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the need for strategic initiatives to successfully navigate the future of the digital economy. Although specific details are not provided, the analysis suggests that such initiatives are essential for ensuring equitable outcomes.

Moreover, the analysis acknowledges the existence of digital divides and the importance of inclusivity. It emphasises that despite the presence of advanced digital infrastructure, digital divides persist. To address this issue, the analysis recommends focusing on inclusivity and offering subsidies to lower-income groups to facilitate internet connectivity.

The proposal of a basic digital basket initiative is put forth as a means to subsidise the cost of connectivity. The analysis also recognises the vital role of think tanks and NGOs in shaping a fair and equitable digital future.

It highlights that both small and large NGOs can contribute to shaping policies that promote equitable digital outcomes. Additionally, the analysis highlights the urgency and significance of digital inclusion. It argues that action on digital inclusion needs to be fast and all-encompassing, involving a larger number of individuals.

It stresses the need to move beyond basic digital inclusion to ensure meaningful participation in the digital society. Finally, the analysis concludes by acknowledging and appreciating the participation and contributions of the speakers and moderator in facilitating a valuable discussion.

It commends their inputs and the overall conduct of the discussion. In summary, the analysis underscores the importance of digital skills, multi-stakeholder partnerships, and inclusivity in achieving an equitable digital future. It raises questions about the South Centre’s efforts in addressing digital gaps, emphasises the need for strategic initiatives, acknowledges the existence of digital divides, recognises the role of think tanks and NGOs, highlights the urgency of digital inclusion, and appreciates the contributions of the speakers and moderator.

MW

Mourad Wahba

Speech speed

131 words per minute

Speech length

608 words

Speech time

279 secs


Arguments

Importance of partnerships in implementing digital transformation especially in meeting Sustainable Development Goals.

Supporting facts:

  • SDG 17 is essential for leveraging partnerships for achieving other SDGs
  • Work is being done with all governments primarily in least developed countries to assess their readiness for the digital age

Topics: Partnership, Digital Transformation, Sustainable Development Goals


Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard is a critical tool for policymakers in assessing the inclusivity of their policies for their economy’s digital transformation.

Supporting facts:

  • The scorecard is currently used in 25 countries
  • Scorecard was developed in collaboration with European Commission, GSMA, UNVESA, and UNDP

Topics: Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard, Policy Making, Digital Transformation


The Pacific Digital Economy Programme is positively impacting the Pacific region’s inclusive digital economy.

Supporting facts:

  • The programme conducted surveys on digital finance, with the first reports published for Fiji and Samoa.
  • The programme combines research, capacity building, and technical assistance for all stakeholders in the digital economy.

Topics: Pacific Digital Economy Programme, Inclusive Digital Economy, Pacific Region


Report

Partnerships are essential for implementing digital transformation and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 17 which emphasizes the importance of partnerships in leveraging resources and expertise to effectively achieve other SDGs. Collaboration and cooperation between stakeholders are crucial for successful digital transformation.

The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard is a critical tool for policymakers to assess the inclusivity of their policies in digital transformation. Developed in collaboration with the European Commission, GSMA, UNVESA, and UNDP, this scorecard is used in 25 countries. It allows policymakers to evaluate policy inclusivity and identify areas for improvement, promoting a more equitable digital economy.

The Pacific Digital Economy Programme has a positive impact on the inclusive digital economy in the Pacific region. This programme conducts surveys on digital finance and has published the first reports for Fiji and Samoa. It combines research, capacity building, and technical assistance for all stakeholders involved in the digital economy, contributing to the development of inclusive digital economies in the region.

Mourad Wahba advocates for the development of truly inclusive digital economies through collaboration and partnerships. Successful examples, such as the Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme, demonstrate the importance of collaboration between public and private sector stakeholders.

These initiatives prioritize the interests of all stakeholders and contribute to the sustainable development of digital economies. In summary, partnerships and collaboration play a crucial role in implementing digital transformation and achieving SDGs. The Inclusive Digital Economy Scorecard and the Pacific Digital Economy Programme are successful examples of partnerships that promote inclusivity and equitable development.

By fostering collaboration and harnessing the potential of digital technologies, the path towards truly inclusive digital economies becomes more attainable.

RG

Rebeca Grynspan

Speech speed

160 words per minute

Speech length

1034 words

Speech time

387 secs


Arguments

Need for an inclusive and sustainable digital future

Supporting facts:

  • Rapid pace of technological advancement presents opportunities for growth
  • Significant challenges in ensuring equal access for all

Topics: Digital economy, Inclusivity, Technology Advancement


Data as a vital global resource

Supporting facts:

  • Data emanates from households, consumers and citizens
  • Data is processed and analyzed for valuable insights

Topics: Data management, Data storage, Data analysis


E-Trade for All as a collective achievement

Supporting facts:

  • Membership has grown from 14 to 35 members
  • Several partnerships under E-Trade initiative

Topics: E-commerce, Digital trade, Collaborative work


Report

The analysis explores several important topics related to the digital future, data as a global resource, e-commerce, and digital inclusivity. It emphasises the potential for growth that comes with the rapid pace of technological advancement, but also highlights the challenges in ensuring equal access for all.

When considering the digital future, it is clear that technological advancements hold great promise for economic development and innovation. The analysis points out that these advancements present numerous opportunities for growth. However, it also raises significant concerns about the need for ensuring equal access to these technologies.

There is a pressing need to address the existing inequalities in digital access and bridge the digital divide. The analysis also highlights the importance of data as a vital global resource. Data is generated by households, consumers, and citizens, and it is processed and analysed to derive valuable insights.

As such, data plays a crucial role in shaping various aspects of society, including policy-making and sustainable development efforts. Recognising its significance, partnerships and collaborations are seen as essential in effectively managing and leveraging data for the benefit of all.

In relation to e-commerce, the analysis points out the growth of membership and partnerships under the E-Trade initiative. This collective achievement reflects the commitment of multiple stakeholders to fostering economic growth and decent work. By promoting digital trade and collaborative work, these partnerships aim to create opportunities and bolster economic development in a sustainable manner.

Digital inclusivity emerges as a key theme throughout the analysis. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity are recognised as crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy reach all individuals and communities. The analysis acknowledges that the path to digital inclusivity varies across different geographies and emphasises the importance of tailoring approaches to suit each unique context.

It calls for the development and implementation of inclusive policies and strategies that address the specific barriers and challenges faced by different regions. However, it is also important to note that the digital economy, despite its potential for growth, has the potential to deepen existing gaps between different parts of the world.

Unequal access and benefits from the digital economy contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities. This observation highlights the urgent need to address these disparities and ensure that digital advancements are leveraged to promote fairness and inclusivity. In conclusion, the analysis underscores the need for an inclusive and sustainable digital future.

It emphasises the opportunities for growth that come with technological advancements but also highlights the challenges and inequalities that need to be addressed. Efforts to achieve digital inclusivity and bridge the digital divide are crucial for ensuring that the benefits of the digital economy are accessible to all individuals and communities.

By recognising data as a global resource and fostering partnerships, the potential of digital technologies to drive economic development can be harnessed in a sustainable manner.

Exploring Digital Transformation for Economic Empowerment in Africa: Opportunities, Challenges, and Policy Priorities (International Trade and Research Centre, Nigeria)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Feyisayo Lari-Williams

Africa is currently undergoing a significant digital revolution, driven by the widespread adoption of digital technology. This surge in digital adoption can be attributed to two main factors: the availability of mobile phones and a young population.

Over the past decade, Africa has experienced a notable increase in digital adoption. This growth has been propelled by the widespread availability of mobile phones, which have become increasingly affordable and accessible to the population. Mobile phones have become a catalyst for digital transformation, providing individuals with the means to access the internet and engage in various online activities.

The youthful population in Africa has played a crucial role in driving digital adoption. Young people, who are early adopters of technology and adept at navigating the digital landscape, have eagerly embraced digital technology.

The digital transformation in Africa has had a significant impact on various sectors, including financial services, retail, and education. In the financial services sector, digital transformation has enabled substantial growth, with the sector projected to grow at around 10% per annum and reach approximately $230 billion by 2025. Additionally, the retail sector has witnessed an increase in the number of online shoppers, projected to reach 217 million by 2028. In the education sector, the use of digital platforms has seen a significant increase, from approximately 4 million users in 2017 to around 17 million users in 2023. This demonstrates how digital transformation is democratizing access to education and improving the quality of instruction.

The fintech industry has emerged as a primary driver of digital evolution in Africa. Successful fintech companies, including 4E, M-Pesa, InterSwitch, FlutterWave, and Paystack, have raised substantial venture capital funding and facilitated growth in e-commerce and online services. In 2021, the fintech sector accounted for almost three out of the five billion USD raised in venture capital funding in Africa.

While the benefits of digital transformation are evident, it is crucial to ensure the protection of online users. Policies and laws need to be put in place to safeguard individuals brought online and protect them from vulnerabilities. Failure to protect online users could result in the rapid depletion of the online population. It is essential to develop and enforce regulations to address online risks and create a safe digital environment.

In conclusion, Africa is undergoing a significant digital revolution, driven by the widespread adoption of digital technology. The availability of mobile phones and a young population have played a pivotal role in this digital transformation. Various sectors, such as financial services, retail, and education, have experienced substantial growth and improvement as a result. However, it is crucial to implement policies and laws to protect online users and ensure the sustainability of the digital revolution in Africa.

Moses Odumu

The gender digital divide in Africa has a negative impact on both the economy and education. Access to information and communication technology (ICT) has been linked to advancements in scientific research, academic achievements, and economic growth. Unfortunately, women in Africa are disproportionately affected by this divide, hindering their full participation in these areas.

Low female literacy is a major contributing factor to the gender digital divide. In the past, many parents did not believe that girls should receive an education, resulting in a general lack of literacy among women. This low literacy level makes females hesitant to engage with digital tools, worsening the divide. Without the necessary literacy skills, women lack confidence in using digital technology and are therefore unable to access its full benefits.

Bridging the gender digital divide in Africa would have significant positive effects on society and the economy. Access to digital technology can provide women with vital information and resources, empowering them and benefiting their families and communities. Additionally, access to digital technology is crucial for obtaining information and resources, which are key elements in economic development.

Addressing this divide requires efforts to improve access to digital technology and promote digital literacy among women in Africa. By investing in education and providing equal opportunities, African countries can empower women to fully participate in scientific research, academic pursuits, and the economy.

In conclusion, the gender digital divide in Africa negatively impacts the economy and education. Low female literacy contributes to this divide, preventing women from fully engaging with the digital world. However, bridging this divide can have significant positive impacts on society and the economy by empowering women and providing them with the necessary resources and information for personal and economic development. It is crucial for African countries to take steps to close this divide through improved access and digital literacy initiatives.

Sian Rapei

The analysis delves into the impact of digital transformation on gender equality and inclusivity. It highlights key points related to women’s involvement in the tech industry and the opportunities provided by online platforms. The analysis suggests that digital transformation is positively affecting gender equality by enabling greater participation of women in the tech industry. Online platforms are also playing a role in empowering women and promoting inclusivity.

Additionally, the analysis acknowledges that there is still a gender divide in access to digital technologies, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Various factors, such as economic disempowerment, social attitudes, skills gap, affordability of devices, illiteracy, and lack of awareness, contribute to this divide. These obstacles hinder women’s access to digital technology and limit the opportunities it can offer. Addressing these challenges is vital to achieving gender equality in digital inclusion.

Furthermore, the analysis highlights the positive impact of digital transformation on advocating for the rights of intersex children. In particular, it mentions that digital platforms allow individuals of intersex gender to connect with like-minded people and advocate for their rights. This demonstrates the potential of technology to facilitate social change and empower marginalized communities.

In addition to the main arguments and evidence presented, the analysis emphasizes the importance of fostering social conversations in various spaces, including online platforms. It suggests that engaging in discussions and promoting dialogue can contribute to overall development. This further underscores the potential of digital platforms to facilitate meaningful conversations, knowledge sharing, and collaboration for positive societal transformation.

In conclusion, the analysis demonstrates both the positive and negative effects of digital transformation on gender equality and inclusivity. While digital advancements have provided opportunities for women and marginalized groups, significant barriers and disparities persist. Addressing these challenges is essential to bridge the gender divide and ensure equal access to digital technologies for all. The analysis also highlights the power of digital platforms in advocating for the rights of intersex individuals and the importance of fostering social conversations for overall development.

Sand Mba-Kalu

Digital technology has the potential to drive significant positive change in the economy and entrepreneurship in Africa. It can bridge divides and build future-proof workforces, opening up new opportunities for growth and development. This is evident as young people in Africa are already leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to bring about positive changes in their communities.

However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome in order to harness the full potential of digital technology in Africa. Limited internet connectivity, lack of infrastructure, and policy misdirection remain significant barriers. These challenges hinder the capacity of the workforce to engage in global digital activities, limiting their ability to benefit from the opportunities presented by digital transformation. Furthermore, issues such as cybercrime and digital breaches pose additional threats that need to be addressed.

In order to overcome these challenges, it is crucial that proposed policies are inclusive, taking into consideration the needs and potential of women, youth, and marginalized groups. By ensuring inclusivity, the potential of digital transformation can be fully harnessed, leading to more equitable and sustainable growth. Without considering these groups, the benefits of digital technology may not be fully realized.

Establishing policies that foster a digital ecosystem is also essential for the successful implementation of digital transformation in Africa. This requires creating an environment that encourages innovation, collaboration, and investment in digital technologies. Policies must support the development of robust digital infrastructure and provide the necessary frameworks for businesses to flourish in the digital age.

Additionally, measuring and evaluating the impact of policies is crucial to ensure their effectiveness. Currently, there is a lack of metrics to evaluate the impact of policies in the policy space. It is important to develop robust measurement and evaluation frameworks to assess the outcomes and effectiveness of policies, enabling policymakers to make informed decisions and drive meaningful change.

Furthermore, leveraging AI and big data is essential for future growth. AI and big data technologies hold immense potential for driving innovation, improving efficiency, and solving complex problems. By harnessing these technologies, Africa can position itself at the forefront of the global digital economy and drive collective prosperity.

In conclusion, digital technology has the potential to bring about significant positive changes in the economy and entrepreneurship in Africa. However, challenges such as limited internet connectivity, lack of infrastructure, and policy misdirection need to be addressed. By implementing inclusive policies, fostering a digital ecosystem, and leveraging AI and big data, Africa can fully harness the potential of digital transformation and drive sustainable and equitable growth. It is also crucial to measure and evaluate the impact of policies to ensure their effectiveness. By doing so, Africa can position itself as a leader in the global digital economy and create a prosperous future for its people.

Stella Igabor – Mustapha

The analysis features four speakers discussing various topics related to gender equality, digitization, education, collaboration, and learning. Stella Igabor-Mustapha firmly believes that digitization has opened up numerous opportunities for women, allowing them to actively participate in society. She supports her argument by sharing her personal experience of fighting for her right to education in a patriarchal society. Stella’s story serves as evidence that digitization is helping to level the playing field for gender equality.

Stella also emphasizes the crucial need to increase access to education and the digital world, particularly for girls and women. She highlights her role as a mentor for young girls, aiming to make them tech-savvy and equip them with the skills to seize the opportunities offered by digital transformation. By empowering these girls to navigate the digital realm, Stella believes they will be better positioned to succeed in a rapidly changing world.

Another speaker emphasizes the importance of collaboration and conversation for progress. They explain that engaging in conversations and collaborating with others is vital in reviewing and making necessary changes to achieve goals. By working together and fostering dialogue, individuals and organizations can enhance their understanding and find innovative solutions to pressing issues.

The speakers also express their gratitude for the platform that allows them to share their insights and learn from one another. They extend their appreciation to Sam, the individual responsible for organizing the platform, and express their thanks to all participants. This display of gratitude demonstrates the importance of creating spaces for exchange and knowledge-sharing, where individuals can come together to discuss, learn, and collaborate.

Overall, this analysis highlights key themes of gender equality, the transformative power of digitization, the importance of education and mentorship, the role of collaboration in fostering progress, and the value of platforms for sharing and learning. It emphasizes the need to continue amplifying efforts towards achieving gender equality and leveraging digital advancements to empower individuals and drive positive change in society.

Hortense Mbea

The challenges facing digital transformation in Africa are significant but not insurmountable. One major challenge is the digital divide between men and women. African women are less likely to have access to technology and digital skills, creating a gender imbalance in the digital era. This divide not only affects opportunities for women but also hampers overall development.

Another challenge is the lack of access to digital technologies in remote areas. Many regions in Africa still lack basic infrastructure like electricity and internet connectivity, making it difficult for people in these areas to benefit from the digital revolution. This issue of limited access hinders progress and exacerbates existing inequalities.

Cybersecurity concerns also pose a significant challenge to digital transformation in Africa. As technology advances, the risk of cyber threats and attacks increases. Without robust cybersecurity measures, African countries may find it challenging to fully embrace digital technologies and protect sensitive information.

Despite these challenges, there is optimism surrounding the role of fashion and creative industries in driving digital transformation. Initiatives such as Fashionomics Africa and the Creative African Nexus aim to grow the creative sector and leverage technological advancements such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR). African artists are using AI and VR to tell authentic African stories, while storytelling and conveying African culture contribute to the continent’s digital transformation.

Africa has a digital transformation strategy in place for the period 2020 to 2030. This strategy, supported by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) and Smart Africa, envisions affordable and widespread access to digital technologies across the continent. The goal is to ensure that all Africans have access to a minimum bandwidth at a low cost and on devices manufactured in Africa by 2030. This strategy is a vital step towards bridging the digital divide and promoting inclusive growth.

In anticipation of the next industrial revolution, young people are encouraged to equip themselves with future skills to avoid being left behind. New ways of doing fashion involving AI and VR present opportunities for job creation. While automation may replace some jobs, it is predicted that a greater number of jobs will be created as a result of technological advancements.

The fashion industry can play a significant role in contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By implementing responsible production and consumption practices, the industry can address SDG 12 on responsible consumption and production. Additionally, initiatives like integrating braille into clothing by companies like Hisi Studio in Kenya promote inclusivity, contributing to SDG 4 on quality education. Embracing technological advancements, such as virtual reality, can also reduce the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry.

A final noteworthy observation is the call for African unity and cooperation to harness opportunities effectively. It is emphasized that Africans need to act as one and speak with one voice to maximize the continent’s potential. Partnerships and coalitions are crucial to achieving sustainable development and driving digital transformation in Africa.

In conclusion, while digital transformation in Africa presents several challenges, there are also opportunities for growth and development. Addressing the digital divide, improving infrastructure, ensuring cybersecurity, and leveraging the potential of fashion, creative industries, and technology are key strategies to drive digital transformation. Furthermore, African unity and cooperation are critical for the continent to harness opportunities and achieve sustainable development goals. Through these efforts, Africa can overcome the challenges it faces and become a leader in the digital age.

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eTrade for all leadership roundtable: Unlocking digital trade for inclusive development

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Paul Donohoe

Digital trade has the potential to significantly boost inclusive and sustainable development by opening up new markets and opportunities for medium and small enterprises in developing countries. Postal sector services play a vital role in making digital trade accessible to a wider audience, enabling more businesses, even in remote areas, to participate in the global market. For instance, the Indonesian post office services approximately 2.1 million small and medium enterprises (SMEs), empowering them to engage in digital trade.

Despite the opportunities digital trade presents, small businesses and enterprises face challenges beyond technology, including language, culture, and local support services. Overcoming these obstacles is crucial to create a more inclusive and diverse digital trade ecosystem. Addressing language and cultural barriers and improving local support services can greatly enhance the participation of small businesses and enterprises in digital trade.

To unlock the full potential of digital trade, it is necessary to establish a robust enabling environment. This includes reliable and secure digital infrastructure, clear regulatory frameworks, and policies that encourage innovation and investment. These elements are essential for fostering a sustainable digital trade ecosystem that benefits all stakeholders.

Promoting digital literacy and ensuring cybersecurity measures are also vital for businesses engaging in digital trade. Enhancing digital literacy skills and protecting digital assets enable businesses to navigate the digital landscape confidently and seize opportunities presented by digital trade.

Partnerships and a holistic approach involving the whole government are crucial in addressing logistical challenges associated with digital trade and driving the development of the digital economy. The Universal Postal Union (UPU) collaborates with member governments to address gaps and challenges in digital trade. Partnerships are also fundamental in fostering an environment that supports inclusive digital trade and facilitates the resolution of growth hindrances.

Efforts are underway to modernize postal services and improve the logistics environment in African countries. The UPU collaborates with the African Union to develop roadmaps for the digitalization of postal services and enhance the logistics environment. These initiatives aim to improve connectivity and contribute to the overall development of digital trade in the region.

It is essential to recognize that digital trade encompasses both digital and physical aspects. While digital connectivity and advancements are crucial, prioritizing and supporting physical jobs alongside digital trade is equally important. By complementing digital trade with physical jobs, a well-rounded and inclusive approach can be achieved, ensuring that the benefits of digital trade are shared among individuals and communities.

In conclusion, digital trade has the potential to foster inclusive and sustainable development by providing new opportunities for small and medium enterprises in developing countries. However, addressing challenges related to language, culture, and local support services is crucial for equal participation. An enabling environment with reliable digital infrastructure, clear regulations, and policies is necessary for successful digital trade implementation. Promoting digital literacy and ensuring cybersecurity are essential for businesses engaging in digital trade. Partnerships and a whole-of-government approach are vital for addressing logistical challenges and developing the digital economy. Efforts to modernize postal services and enhance the logistics environment in African countries are also ongoing. Finally, maintaining a balance between digital and physical jobs in the digital trade ecosystem is important for an inclusive and sustainable approach.

Isabelle Kumar

Isabelle Kumar, an advocate for inclusive digital transformation, emphasises the crucial role of trade as part of the solution. She believes that trade can contribute to achieving inclusive digital transformation by safeguarding rights, promoting inclusivity, and protecting business interests across different sectors. This highlights the need for digital transformation initiatives to prioritise the welfare and opportunities of all stakeholders.

In her discussions with Mia Seppo from the International Labour Organization (ILO), Isabelle Kumar underscores the importance of achieving digital transformation while protecting workers’ rights and opportunities. This dialogue aims to build recommendations for a progressive digital trade environment that ensures decent work and economic growth. By considering the impact on workers, it seeks to mitigate any negative consequences of digital innovation.

ARIA, an international organisation focusing on ASEAN and East Asia, plays a vital role in the digital transformation landscape. They conduct academic research to identify areas for improvement and advantages, providing evidence-based policy recommendations. Their contributions help accelerate discussions in international meetings such as the G20 or G7, facilitating the formulation of informed policies.

Recognising the significance of digital innovation and sustainable economies, ARIA is establishing a new centre for collaboration between policymakers and businesses. By gathering opinions from the business sector, the centre aims to identify barriers hindering progress in the digital sphere. Additionally, ARIA focuses on strengthening start-ups in ASEAN, contributing to the development of sustainable and innovative economies.

Isabelle Kumar acknowledges the importance of measuring digital trade in evaluating the effectiveness of policies. She highlights her discussions with the World Bank on their work in Africa and mentions a handbook that provides guidance on measuring digital trade. By emphasising the need for measurement, Isabelle stresses the importance of evidence-based decision-making in shaping digital trade policies.

There is a question regarding the feasibility and impact of introducing artificial intelligence (AI) in developing countries, particularly with regard to worker rights. This raises concerns about potential inequalities and job displacement resulting from the adoption of AI-driven digital transformations. Isabelle Kumar expresses her curiosity about how the ILO plans to address these challenges and protect workers’ rights in this era of technological advancement.

Overall, the discussions and engagements led by Isabelle Kumar and the involvement of organizations such as ARIA and the ILO underline the importance of an inclusive, rights-based, and evidence-informed approach in achieving digital transformation that benefits all stakeholders.

Rebeca Grynspan

The argument of various perspectives analysed is that digital trade has the potential to contribute to inclusive development. It is highlighted that digital technologies are reshaping various industries, and digitally deliverable services accounted for 55% of global services exports in 2022. These facts support the positive sentiment towards the potential of digital trade.

However, significant disparities exist in the share of digital trade between developed and developing economies. The share of digitally deliverable services for developed countries was higher at 60%, whereas for developing economies, it was 45%, and for the least developed countries, it was only 17%. This evidence supports the negative sentiment expressed in one of the perspectives, emphasizing the existing disparities in digital trade.

Partnerships are argued to play an indispensable role in addressing these disparities. The E-Trade for All initiative is highlighted as a prime example of such partnerships, which emphasizes the power of collaboration. It is mentioned that since its launch in 2016, the initiative’s membership has grown from 14 to 35 members. This evidence supports the positive sentiment expressed towards partnerships in addressing disparities in digital trade.

Furthermore, it is argued that more efforts are needed to strengthen the capacity of developing countries to benefit from digital trade. It is noted that the readiness and ability to engage in digital trade vary substantially across countries. The potential negative impact of unaddressed disparities in digital trade is also highlighted, as it could worsen inequalities rather than bridging them. This argument is supported by the negative sentiment expressed in one of the perspectives.

In addition to these main points and arguments, it is mentioned that a coordinated global effort will be necessary to prevent the deepening of pre-existing disparities and ensure that opportunities are evenly distributed. This effort will involve policies, investments, resources, rules, and good governance. The importance of global cooperation and coordination is emphasized to achieve equality and opportunity for all.

Overall, the perspectives analysed emphasize the potential of digital trade for inclusive development but also highlight the existing disparities between developed and developing economies. Partnerships, along with strengthening the capacity of developing countries, are emphasized as key strategies to address these disparities. It is argued that a coordinated global effort involving various factors is necessary to prevent further deepening of disparities and ensure equal opportunities for all. The significance of global cooperation and coordination is underscored in achieving these goals.

Mia Seppo

Regulating digital platforms is crucial for protecting labour rights, ensuring fair working conditions, and providing social protection. The process involves reviewing existing legislation, laws, and practices to ensure that they are adequate in the digital age. Additionally, new forms of regulation, such as collective bargaining agreements, are emerging to address the unique challenges posed by digital platforms.

International policy dialogue and coordination are essential when it comes to regulating digital platforms. These platforms operate across multiple jurisdictions, making it necessary for countries to work together and address the complexities involved. The International Labour Organization (ILO) recognizes the importance of international cooperation in effectively regulating digital platforms.

The ILO strongly advocates for targeted support to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to help them access the digital economy. Without addressing the skills gaps and digital divide, there will be an uneven playing field. As part of this effort, the ILO has partnered with Microsoft to support 30,000 female entrepreneurs in 10 countries, enabling them to access the digital market.

Social dialogue is seen by the ILO as a key tool in ensuring fair competition and decent work. By bringing together workers, employers, and government representatives, social dialogue helps establish and maintain fair competition practices and ensures workers’ rights are protected.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to have a significant impact on the organization of work. The ILO is conducting research and analysis to deepen understanding of how AI can be incorporated into the workplace in a way that ensures productivity, enhances innovation, upholds workers’ rights, prevents discriminatory practices, and promotes smooth transitions.

While there is fear of job substitution by AI, the ILO suggests this concern may be overemphasized. A study conducted by the ILO in 2023 showed that the impact of automation on total employment is expected to be 5.5% in northern countries and 0.4% in low-income countries. These figures indicate that the impact of AI on job substitution may not be as significant as feared.

AI is also expected to impact the quality of jobs. It may affect work intensity and autonomy, but it can also provide more opportunities for engaging work without limiting workers’ agency and voice. The ILO emphasizes the importance of monitoring and regulating AI to ensure its impact on work quality is positive.

The ILO supports the regulation of AI, taking into account its effect on working conditions. Mia Seppo, Director of the ILO Office for Coordination in the Arab States, suggests using existing mechanisms for social dialogue and tripartite consultations to ensure orderly, fair, and consultative transitions.

In AI policymaking, the ILO advises including the voices of workers, employers, businesses, and government. By considering the human aspect of AI workplace transitions and promoting inclusivity and fairness, policy decisions can be made that benefit all stakeholders.

The ILO is also commencing the process of creating the first global instrument regarding labor laws and work organization. This instrument will address changes in labor organization, definitional issues of contractual status and workers. Ideally, this process will conclude by 2026, after starting at the 113th International Labour Conference in 2025.

Worker well-being and occupational safety and health are identified as fundamental labor rights by the ILO. Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a renewed focus on protecting worker well-being. The ILO is actively working with member states to ensure the ratification and implementation of measures that promote worker well-being and occupational safety.

In conclusion, the ILO recognizes the need for regulating digital platforms to safeguard labour rights, fair working conditions, and social protection. The complexities involved call for international policy dialogue and coordination. The organization also emphasizes the importance of supporting MSMEs in accessing the digital economy and addressing the potential impact of AI on the organization of work. Social dialogue, AI regulation, and inclusive policymaking are key aspects of the ILO’s approach. By creating a global instrument for labor laws and work organization, the ILO aims to address the emerging challenges and ensure the protection of worker well-being.

Anna Joubin Bret

In the analysis, the speakers discuss various aspects of the digital economy and its impact on trade. One of the key points raised is the importance of building trust in the digital economy. The speakers highlight that trust is crucial for successful transactions, particularly in e-commerce where traders need to establish transactional rules to ensure trustworthiness. This implies that trust is a foundational element for the growth and sustainability of the digital economy.

Another aspect discussed is the emergence of new types of commodities in the digital economy. The speakers mention digital assets, cryptocurrencies, data, and carbon credits as examples of these new commodities. This highlights the evolving nature of trade in the digital economy and the need for appropriate frameworks to govern the trading of these commodities. It is pointed out that existing legal rules may not be applicable to these new forms of trade and commodities. Therefore, there is a need for the development of legal frameworks tailored to the digital economy.

The importance of legal frameworks for thriving digital trade is emphasized. The speakers mention specific efforts by Joubin-Bret’s organization in developing frameworks for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), digital identity and trust services, and electronically transferable records. This highlights the need for legal regulations to support and enable digital trade, particularly for MSMEs.

Gender equality in legal frameworks for digital trade is also discussed. It is noted that the UNCITRAL does not differentiate between men and women in their legal frameworks. However, it is highlighted that UNCITRAL indirectly caters to specific issues faced by women through its dedicated frameworks and work for MSMEs. This suggests that efforts are being made to address gender-related challenges in the digital economy.

Challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and MSMEs in digital trade are highlighted. Moving from the informal to the formal economy and access to credit are identified as two major challenges. It is pointed out that until businesses become formal, they cannot fully benefit from government laws and policies, and access to credit is crucial for business sustainability. Therefore, addressing these challenges is essential for promoting women entrepreneurs’ participation and success in digital trade.

In terms of the future of trade, it is observed that digital trade is taking over from e-commerce. The speakers emphasize that the current generation is more inclined towards digital trade, considering it the future of commerce. This shift in focus indicates the growing importance of digital trade as a key driver of economic growth and development.

The significance of partnerships in the digital economy is also underscored. The speakers highlight the importance of partnerships for achieving the goals of the digital economy. While no specific evidence or arguments are provided to support this point, it is noted as a noteworthy observation.

In conclusion, the analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the discussions on the digital economy and trade. It highlights the key points made by the speakers, including the importance of trust, the need for legal frameworks tailored to the digital economy, challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and MSMEs, the growing prominence of digital trade, and the significance of partnerships. The analysis provides valuable insights into the current landscape of the digital economy and the factors shaping its growth and development.

Audience

Experts predict that digital trade is gaining momentum and may surpass e-commerce in the future. This transition to digital trade has significant implications for the economy, driven by technological advancements and the increasing reliance on digital platforms for business transactions. However, concerns arise about the digital divide between developed and developing countries. Current statistics reveal that 82% of electronic trade occurs in developed countries, highlighting a substantial disparity. Moreover, only 360 million individuals worldwide have computer access, indicating a lack of technological infrastructure in many regions. This digital divide hinders the participation of developing countries in the global digital economy.

To address this issue, experts advocate for a global digital compact and collaborative efforts. By promoting digital inclusion and bridging the digital divide, these initiatives aim to ensure equal opportunities for all countries to engage in the digital economy. This not only reduces inequalities but also contributes to the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Additionally, the rise of the digital economy brings new challenges for workers. Increased reliance on technology leads to more sedentary lifestyles, resulting in potential health issues. Prolonged exposure to computers and gadgets can have detrimental effects on physical and mental well-being. Consequently, there is a call to develop or adjust labour rules to protect workers in the digital economy. These regulations should address the changing nature of work and safeguard workers against the potential risks associated with sedentary jobs.

In conclusion, digital trade is becoming a dominant force in the global economy, potentially surpassing e-commerce. However, the digital divide between developed and developing countries presents a significant challenge to achieving inclusive growth. Bridging this gap requires collaborative initiatives and the creation of a global digital compact. Additionally, prioritising the well-being of workers in the digital economy necessitates the establishment of appropriate labour rules. Taking a comprehensive approach will enable the harnessing of digital trade’s benefits while ensuring equitable participation and safeguarding workers’ health and rights.

Pradeep S. Mehta

Developing and implementing inclusive digital trade policies is crucial for aiding the Global South. India’s successful Digital India Initiative serves as an example of the positive impact of such policies. Through this initiative, India has achieved significant progress in digital trade and information and communication technology (ICT) development. Furthermore, India is committed to sharing its digital public infrastructure with developing countries, demonstrating its dedication to supporting the Global South.

With the growth of the digital economy, cybersecurity becomes increasingly relevant. The potential for digital warfare through cyberspace poses a significant threat to digital systems, highlighting the need for robust cybersecurity measures. Prioritising cybersecurity is essential to protect digital infrastructure and ensure the continued growth and stability of the digital economy.

Strong telecommunications infrastructure is vital for a robust digital economy. Without a reliable and efficient telecommunications setup, a digital economy cannot thrive. Therefore, investments in telecommunications infrastructure are essential to support digital trade and enable seamless digital connectivity.

Broadband infrastructure is another critical input for the digital economy. South Korea has successfully implemented strong broadband infrastructure, resulting in enhanced access to digital services and improved digital connectivity. Robust broadband infrastructure plays a fundamental role in supporting digital trade and fostering economic growth.

Hardware investment is often overlooked but plays a crucial role in driving digital advancement and ensuring the sustainability of digital ecosystems. While software development often takes the spotlight, investment in physical infrastructure, such as data centres and servers, serves as the foundation for digital progress.

Smartphones are transforming the digital divide, particularly in rural areas. In India, for example, a group of rural women has successfully accessed global markets through e-commerce platforms using smartphones. As smartphone prices decrease, they become more accessible to marginalized communities, bridging the digital divide and providing opportunities for economic empowerment.

Civil society and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a vital role in shaping a fair and inclusive digital environment. Organizations like CUTS actively advocate for inclusive digital trade policies and work on the ground to contextualise these policies to the needs of marginalized communities. Their research and advocacy efforts contribute to creating a more equitable digital landscape.

Training and capacity-building initiatives carried out by civil society and NGOs are essential for creating a fair and sustainable digital environment. In India, for instance, extra-departmental agents have been trained to be computer-savvy to operate e-kiosks and manage various online services. These initiatives, happening across thousands of villages, empower underprivileged communities by equipping them with digital skills and access to digital services.

Addressing the digital divide requires persistence and patience. It is crucial to avoid underestimating the common sense of ordinary people, as they often come up with innovative solutions that experts may not have considered. By involving and empowering underprivileged populations in the development of the digital economy, we can ensure that digital advancements are inclusive and equitable.

Access to banking services is critical for economic growth. India has made significant progress in this regard, with one of the most banked populations in the world. Rural workers, acting as banking correspondents, play a significant role in providing banking services and contributing to rural development.

Collaboration relevant to e-commerce includes competition policy. In partnership with organizations like UNCTAD and WTO, events such as World Competition Day promote open discussions and participation in shaping competition policies for e-commerce.

To overcome the digital divide and facilitate development, governments in developing countries should prioritize spending on digitization. Digitization is an enabling tool that can help individuals overcome poverty and generate additional income. India’s successful implementation of digitization, connecting every village digitally, serves as a testament to the transformative power of government prioritization.

In conclusion, developing and implementing inclusive digital trade policies, investing in robust infrastructure, ensuring cybersecurity, and bridging the digital divide are crucial for aiding the Global South and promoting sustainable economic growth. Collaboration among governments, civil society, and NGOs is essential for creating a fair, inclusive, and secure digital environment. Prioritizing digitization efforts can lead to positive outcomes and contribute to building a more prosperous future for all.

Koji Hachiyama

The analysis reveals several key findings about ARIA, an economic research institute and international organization. Firstly, ARIA provides policy recommendations to meetings in ASEAN and East Asia, as well as influential gatherings such as the G20 and G7. This highlights the significance of ARIA’s role in shaping economic policies and fostering collaboration among these regions.

Furthermore, ARIA places a strong emphasis on supporting startups in ASEAN, recognizing their potential as major players in the future. They actively organize events and activities aimed at establishing a vibrant startup ecosystem in ASEAN and East Asia, which showcases ARIA’s commitment to economic growth and innovation.

In line with their focus on innovation, ARIA has recently established a new centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies. This center serves as a platform for collaboration between policymakers and business sectors, fostering partnerships that promote digital innovation and advance sustainable economic practices. This demonstrates ARIA’s dedication to addressing modern challenges and harnessing the potential of digital economies.

The analysis also highlights the importance of inclusivity and addressing gender issues. Research findings show that the gender divide has increased due to the impact of COVID-19. This underscores the need for ARIA and other organizations to prioritize inclusiveness and gender equality in their policy recommendations and initiatives, ensuring that all members of society can benefit from economic growth and development.

Additionally, the analysis suggests that rules and regulations should not be confined to specific regions. Instead, they should be inclusive and applicable to a broader context, promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions. This observation emphasizes the importance of fostering collaboration and harmonizing regulations at a global level.

Lastly, the analysis brings attention to the significance of changing mindsets. While specific evidence or arguments are not provided in this regard, it suggests that adopting a more open and adaptable mindset is crucial in navigating complex economic and social challenges.

In conclusion, ARIA’s work focuses on providing policy recommendations and evidence through economic research, primarily targeting ASEAN and East Asia. Their efforts include strengthening startups, establishing a centre for digital innovation and sustainable economies, and promoting inclusivity and gender equality. The analysis highlights the need for global collaboration, inclusive regulations, and a mindset shift to effectively address current and future challenges.

Angela Paolini Ellard

Digital trade is widely recognized as a powerful driver of economic growth and development. It has the potential to fuel economic prosperity at all levels and is viewed as an engine of growth. This is supported by the fact that digital trade affects every aspect of trade and commerce. In fact, it is currently impossible to engage in trade without being involved in digital trade. The positive sentiment surrounding digital trade emphasizes its ability to create opportunities for businesses and individuals alike.

However, one major challenge in the digital era is the existence of the digital divide. This divide can be observed at practical and governmental levels. This means that not everyone has equal access to digital technologies and the internet, leaving some individuals and communities at a disadvantage. The negative sentiment surrounding the digital divide highlights this as a real issue that needs urgent attention. Efforts should be made to bridge this divide and ensure that everyone has equal access to the opportunities presented by the digital world.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) plays a significant role in the digital trade landscape. It aims to establish updated rules and regulations to govern digital trade. Existing WTO rules are considered outdated and not aligned with the current digital system. To assist countries at all stages of development in reaping the benefits of digital trade, the WTO engages in technical assistance and capacity-building programs. The positive sentiment is driven by the recognition of the need for comprehensive rules and guidelines to govern the evolving field of digital trade.

One specific area of contention is the collection of customs duties on e-commerce. Many members of the WTO believe that a continuous moratorium on the collection of customs duties is essential to promoting digital trade. This view is based on the argument that imposing duties on e-commerce does not generate significant revenue, as studies, including those conducted with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), have shown. Furthermore, it is argued that there are more efficient ways of collecting revenue. However, there are opposing views as well, with some arguing against the collection of customs duties on e-commerce. It is highlighted that the existing studies show that imposing duties on e-commerce does not yield substantial revenue. Additionally, it is believed that more effective methods of revenue collection can be utilized.

In order to facilitate digital trade, a strong emphasis is placed on developing connectivity infrastructure and regulatory frameworks. This includes addressing practical issues related to hardware as well as establishing robust privacy and liability regulations. It is recognized that without the necessary infrastructure and regulations in place, achieving the full potential of digital trade will be challenging.

Another aspect that is considered necessary for the successful facilitation of digital trade is skill development. It is argued that alongside promoting digital trade, there should be a focus on building and enhancing the skills required to effectively engage in digital trade. This positive sentiment recognizes the importance of providing individuals with the necessary knowledge and competencies to navigate the digital landscape.

Africa has adopted an incremental approach in addressing digital trade issues. This involves identifying the specific challenges, implementing pilot programs to test potential solutions, and then expanding successful initiatives. This positive sentiment reflects a practical and measured approach to tackling the complex issues surrounding digital trade in the African context.

Partnerships are seen as essential in leveraging the benefits of digital trade. It is emphasized that partnerships should involve national governments, the private sector, and civil society. This promotes collaboration, knowledge-sharing, and synergy among different stakeholders. The positive sentiment towards partnerships recognizes the importance of collective efforts in effectively utilizing digital trade for sustainable development.

In conclusion, digital trade is widely regarded as a powerful driver of economic growth, with the potential to bridge inequalities and empower communities. However, the digital divide remains a significant challenge that needs to be addressed. The establishment of updated rules and regulations to govern digital trade is crucial, and the World Trade Organization plays a central role in this regard. The collection of customs duties on e-commerce is a debated issue, and the development of connectivity infrastructure and regulatory frameworks is essential. Skill development should be prioritized in conjunction with facilitating digital trade. Africa is taking an incremental approach to tackle digital trade issues, and partnerships are recognized as vital in properly utilizing digital trade for sustainable development.

Dorothy Tembo

In today’s turbulent times, digital connectivity has taken center stage for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the field of trade. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the adoption of digital technologies, leading to an increased focus on digital trade initiatives by governments, private sector entities, and development organizations. This positive sentiment demonstrates the recognition of digital connectivity as a central aspect of SMEs’ trade operations.

However, SMEs face significant challenges in adapting to digital trade. The first challenge is the lack of access to appropriate market opportunities, hindering their growth potential. Additionally, the lack of management skills and capabilities in unfamiliar market spaces poses a substantial obstacle. SMEs must develop the necessary skills to succeed in new digital trade environments. Furthermore, the absence of information on how to leverage digital trade exacerbates the difficulties faced by SMEs. Finally, accessibility to support services and finance is also a key challenge for SMEs.

To address these challenges, the International Trade Centre (ITC) takes a comprehensive approach. They focus on creating a trade-enabling environment, working on policy aspects and supporting micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). The ITC aims to facilitate SMEs’ interactions with local and international markets. This positive stance towards supporting SMEs aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals).

Partnerships play a vital role in supporting SMEs and scaling up initiatives. The ITC has formed partnerships with notable entities such as Alibaba, CAVA, and others. Their targeted initiative called ‘SwitchOn’ aims to reach out to 20,000 entrepreneurs by 2025. Collaboration and partnership among stakeholders is essential to address the breadth of issues in digital trade.

Leveraging resources and expertise is critical for sustainable digital trade. The ITC advocates for an integrated approach that goes beyond specific mandates and focuses on addressing systemic issues in digital trade infrastructure. Inclusiveness is another key aspect that emerges from the analysis. The ITC promotes inclusiveness in digital trade by involving individuals who do not traditionally participate in such processes.

Collaboration remains crucial for achieving objectives in digital trade. The ITC has collaborated with organizations like CAVA, GSMA, and the Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development. Ongoing and potential future collaborations are instrumental in achieving desired outcomes in digital trade.

Partnerships are crucial for ensuring access to information and support for digital trade. The importance of providing the right information to support decision-making is emphasized. Additionally, there is a call for innovative approaches to bridge the digital gender gap, ensuring equal access and opportunities for women in the digital trade sector.

To close the digital gender gap, customized solutions with specific targets are considered key. Tailoring initiatives to address the specific needs and challenges faced by women in digital trade can lead to significant progress towards achieving gender equality.

In conclusion, this expanded summary highlights the growing reliance on digital connectivity for SMEs in trade, particularly due to the COVID-19 crisis. It identifies the challenges faced by SMEs in adopting digital trade and emphasizes the efforts of the ITC to address these challenges through a comprehensive approach and partnerships. Collaboration, inclusiveness, and customized solutions are identified as critical for achieving sustainable and equitable digital trade.

AP

Angela Paolini Ellard

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157 words per minute

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538 secs

AJ

Anna Joubin Bret

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A

Audience

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603 words

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DT

Dorothy Tembo

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IK

Isabelle Kumar

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2675 words

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KH

Koji Hachiyama

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Mia Seppo

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Paul Donohoe

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Pradeep S. Mehta

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Rebeca Grynspan

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EU’s Global Gateway – Is it a new paradigm of global digital economic relationships? (Brot fur die Welt)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Ingrid Schneider

China is exerting significant influence in global technology through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and the Digital Silk Road. They have a large market share in undersea cables, with more than 23% of the market share, and they have been involved in laying fiber optic cables in the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans. Additionally, China controls a significant proportion of digital infrastructure in Africa, with Huawei alone controlling more than 70% of the digital infrastructure on the continent.

However, concerns have been raised about the widespread adoption of Chinese technology standards. While Chinese technology is relatively inexpensive, making it attractive to developing countries, there is a fear that this could lead to lock-in effects, restricting alternatives and creating a dependency on Chinese technology.

China is also exporting surveillance equipment, such as face recognition technology and biometric video technology. This raises concerns about privacy and human rights, especially considering China’s significant provider status in global surveillance hardware and software.

In terms of internet governance, China is pushing for multilateral discourses instead of multi-stakeholder discourses. They have been hosting the World Internet Conference since 2014 and launched the Global Data Security Initiative in 2020.

China’s cybersecurity law, enacted in 2016, has raised concerns as it mandates that data be stored within Chinese territory and surrendered to the state on demand. This raises questions about data privacy and security, as well as potential government access to sensitive information.

A notable example of China’s influence through loans is seen in Sri Lanka, where they have coupled credits for infrastructure projects with contracts requiring the employment of Chinese workers and the purchase of Chinese components and raw materials. When Sri Lanka failed to service the loans, they had to lease their Hambantota harbour to China for 99 years. This highlights the potential risks and dependencies created by Chinese loans.

In contrast to China’s approach, the European Union is aiming to chart a different path when it comes to data control. They are pursuing a model where data is controlled by individuals based on values and fundamental rights. The EU is also seeking to expand its influence through regulatory leadership and digital partnerships. In December 2021, they launched the Global Gateway Initiative to enhance their role in global digital transformation, with an emphasis on a human-centric approach and the protection of individual rights and user data.

While connectivity is important for countries in the Global South, it is essential to recognize that digital technology is not seen as a solution in itself. The deployment of technology needs to be accompanied by other measures to ensure its effectiveness in addressing development challenges.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is another area of concern, as it has the potential to exacerbate existing inequalities and biases in society. Issues such as algorithmic biases and discriminatory practices need to be addressed to ensure the responsible and ethical use of AI.

Digital literacy, respect for human rights, and combating digital monopolies are also important considerations in the digital landscape. These factors can contribute to a more equitable and inclusive digital environment.

Furthermore, there are concerns about the spread of false information and its impact on democracy, especially with more than 50 countries having elections next year. Content moderation and the need for accurate information are crucial in maintaining the integrity of democratic processes.

In summary, China’s influence in global technology through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative and the Digital Silk Road is substantial. However, concerns exist regarding the adoption of Chinese technology standards, surveillance exports, internet governance, cybersecurity laws, and the potential drawbacks of Chinese loans. On the other hand, the European Union aims to pursue a different path with a focus on data control based on values and fundamental rights. Connectivity, AI ethics, digital literacy, human rights, and combatting digital monopolies are important considerations in the digital landscape. The spread of false information and its impact on democracy is also a significant concern.

Africa Kiiza

China is investing in digital infrastructure projects across Africa through the Digital Silk Road initiative. Huawei, a Chinese telecom company, holds a significant presence in Africa’s network infrastructure, having built around 30% of the continent’s 3G network and close to 70% of its 4G network. China has completed approximately 266 technology projects throughout Africa, aiming to enhance digital connectivity and foster economic growth.

However, concerns arise about Africa’s increasing debt to China resulting from these investments. For instance, Ethiopia currently owes China $3 billion for its digital infrastructure upgrades. The International Monetary Fund’s 2021 report highlights that five out of the top ten highly indebted poor countries to China are from Africa. This raises concerns about long-term financial stability and the ability to repay these debts.

On the other hand, US-based companies like Google, Microsoft, Amazon, and Facebook are extracting data in Africa, disregarding the continent’s desire for independent data centres. This raises concerns about data sovereignty and the exploitation of Africa’s data resources by external entities. African governments are advised to carefully evaluate the terms and conditions of digital investments and be cautious of hidden intentions.

Nevertheless, Africa must actively participate in the digital economy and derive value from its data to achieve sovereignty in the digital era. It is crucial for the continent to define its independent approach to transitioning into the digital economy and safeguarding its interests and data. Africa Kiiza supports investment in African data centres as a means for Africa to assert control and shape its own path in the digital economy.

In summary, China’s investments in digital infrastructure in Africa present opportunities for connectivity and economic growth. However, concerns about increasing debt and the extraction of data by US-based companies highlight the need for caution and careful evaluation of digital partnerships’ terms and conditions. African governments should actively participate in the digital economy, prioritising data sovereignty to ensure they benefit from the digital revolution on their own terms.

Sven Hilbig

The Global Gateway initiative, introduced by the European Union, is a comprehensive global strategy aimed at promoting digital sovereignty. This initiative seeks to invest a substantial sum of up to 300 billion euros by 2027 in infrastructure projects and economic partnerships in emerging economies and developing countries. By doing so, the European Union hopes to strengthen its own digital influence and reduce reliance on other countries.

Sven Hilbig highlights the Global Gateway initiative as a significant step towards advancing the European Union’s digital sovereignty. This strategy enables the European Union to assert itself as a major player in the global digital landscape, effectively competing with the United States and China. By investing in infrastructure projects and establishing economic partnerships, the European Union aims to secure its position as a key digital player and stimulate economic growth.

Notably, the Global Gateway initiative is seen as an alternative to the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and the Chinese Digital Silk Road. These Chinese initiatives have been influential in expanding the country’s digital and economic reach across the globe. However, the European Union’s Global Gateway presents an alternative approach, emphasising equal partnerships and outreach to the Global South. By offering a viable alternative, the European Union aims to provide more choice and diversity in digital development strategies.

In a panel discussion focused on the Global Gateway, experts in infrastructure projects and digital policy discuss the potential benefits of this initiative, particularly for the Global South. The discussion underscores the importance of understanding the impacts of current infrastructure projects in the Global South to inform and shape conversations around the Global Gateway. By considering the existing infrastructure landscape, the European Union can work towards forging more equal and mutually beneficial partnerships.

In conclusion, the Global Gateway initiative launched by the European Union represents a significant effort to promote digital sovereignty and strengthen the European Union’s position in the global digital landscape. By investing in infrastructure projects and establishing economic partnerships, the European Union aims to stimulate economic growth and secure its own digital influence. The initiative is seen as an alternative to Chinese digital initiatives, highlighting the European Union’s commitment to equality and diversity in digital development strategies. A panel discussion on the Global Gateway emphasises the importance of understanding the context of existing infrastructure projects in the Global South, bringing attention to the need for informed discussions and decisions.

Parminder Jeet Singh

The Global Gateway initiative, particularly its digital components, is largely viewed as aspirational. The European Union (EU) aims to merge development funding with private sector investment to achieve its objectives. However, there is currently insufficient tangible activity to evaluate the scheme’s success.

One of the primary concerns raised is the narrow definition of ‘connectivity’. It is argued that the current understanding of connectivity is too limited, focusing solely on networks and the flow of people, goods, services, and capital. This narrow perspective excludes crucial elements such as regulatory and technical standards. To drive progress, it is suggested that broader definitions of connectivity should be embraced.

There is also doubt surrounding the EU’s ambition to develop and export its digital sovereignty model. Questions have been raised regarding the practical implementation of this model and concerns exist about the EU’s readiness to promote it for economic gain. This skepticism suggests that the EU may face challenges in effectively developing and promoting its digital sovereignty concept.

Alternatively, some advocates propose an alternative approach for the digital landscape, suggesting the need for a third digital superpower alongside the United States and China. The focus of this third superpower would be on creating an open, decentralized digital economy. This approach suggests that a more balanced and diverse digital landscape could be beneficial for international development and innovation.

In the context of Africa, it is suggested that the continent adopts a digital public infrastructure-based model for its digital economy. It is argued that the digital economy model pursued by the United States and China is not open to Africa, and instead, small companies should focus on creating local impact rather than pursuing large-scale profits. This approach aims to address inequalities and promote sustainable development.

Furthermore, it is emphasized that ministries should conduct internal assessments and make decisions regarding the digital economy model. This highlights the importance of proactive decision-making and coordination across different government departments to ensure successful development and implementation of digital policies.

Overall, the analysis presents various perspectives on the Global Gateway initiative, digital connectivity, the EU’s digital sovereignty model, and the future of the digital economy. It underscores the need for inclusive, comprehensive approaches that prioritize equitable development and cooperation.

Paul Samson

The EU global gateway initiative primarily focuses on the digital and data elements, which are considered crucial for its success. These elements play a significant role in integrating various systems such as energy, transportation, health, education, and research. The strategy recognizes that the integration of digital and data functions across these systems is where most of the action lies.

However, concerns arise regarding the financial sustainability of both the EU’s Global Gateway and China’s Belt and Road initiatives. The EU’s document states that around $60 billion per year for five or six years will be mobilized, aligning with the Belt and Road initiative. However, doubts arise regarding the feasibility of these numbers. Furthermore, the Chinese debt model as a whole is deemed unsustainable, raising questions about the long-term viability of Chinese investments in initiatives like the Belt and Road.

There is also concern about the potential shift in technology that could impact the feasibility of current investments in digital infrastructure. While traditional infrastructure like fiber optic cables is currently in use, there might be a transition to newer technologies, such as low Earth orbit satellites, which could prove to be cheaper and more sustainable in the future. The inertia within the system is not keeping pace with the latest technologies, creating a potential risk for current investments.

Africa’s demographic growth presents both opportunities and challenges. It is anticipated that Africa will become the demographic superpower in the next few decades. This demographic potential can be leveraged for economic growth, but it also calls for the need to have a strong economic engine to support this growth.

In addition, digital connectivity is seen as a vital factor for Africa’s growth. The availability and accessibility of digital connectivity will be crucial for Africa to make significant progress. Furthermore, with the right infrastructure and setup, Africa has the potential to excel in generative AI, which could contribute significantly to its development.

However, there is concern about the possibility of Africa getting marginalized and cut off in colonial-style digital relationships. It is important to ensure that Africa is not left behind or excluded in the digital world, as it could result in increased inequalities.

In summary, the EU global gateway initiative focuses on the digital and data elements, considering them as key components of its strategy. However, concerns remain regarding the financial sustainability of both the EU’s Global Gateway and China’s Belt and Road initiatives. Additionally, the potential shift in technology and the need for Africa to leverage its demographic growth and invest in digital connectivity and generative AI infrastructure are emphasized. It is crucial to pay attention to the risks of marginalization and ensure equitable participation in the digital realm.

AK

Africa Kiiza

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121 words per minute

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1768 words

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877 secs

IS

Ingrid Schneider

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620 secs

PJ

Parminder Jeet Singh

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162 words per minute

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2426 words

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Paul Samson

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168 words per minute

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471 secs

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Sven Hilbig

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630 secs

Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Digital Trade and Training ( Global Innovation Forum)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Mercedes Nunez

Mercedes Nunez, an independent consultant, has amassed over 10 years of experience in her field. She has demonstrated her expertise and dedication through her work, making her a trusted professional. Nunez strongly believes in empowering vulnerable communities, with a particular focus on women. This commitment aligns with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 10, which emphasise gender equality and reduced inequalities.

Nunez possesses a wealth of experience in managing programs that aim to empower women and assist vulnerable communities. Her efforts have been felt in various parts of America, where she has implemented initiatives designed to uplift women and provide support to those in need. By leveraging her skills and knowledge, Nunez has worked tirelessly to address the unique challenges faced by vulnerable communities, offering them opportunities for growth and development.

It is evident that Nunez’s work has had a positive impact on the individuals and communities she has served. Her sincere belief in the potential of women and her understanding of the struggles faced by vulnerable groups have driven her to create sustainable change. Through her efforts, Nunez has helped to foster greater gender equality and has taken meaningful steps towards reducing inequalities.

In conclusion, Mercedes Nunez stands out as an exceptional consultant with over a decade of experience. Her dedication to empowering vulnerable communities, especially women, has been demonstrated through her successful implementation of programs in America. Nunez’s work is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, and her commitment to creating positive change is commendable. Through her expertise and passion, she has made remarkable strides in promoting gender equality and reducing inequalities, leaving a lasting impact on the communities she has served.

Hua Wang

Evidence suggests that women founders generate 1.6 times better returns on average than male founders, indicating the profitability of investing in women-led start-ups. Their success can be attributed to their collaborative nature, intelligence, and realistic financial projections. However, male investors often ask more pessimistic questions to women founders, reflecting bias in their perception of female entrepreneurs.

Access to capital presents a significant challenge for women entrepreneurs, especially when their products target women. Female founders struggle to convince male investors to invest in their businesses, highlighting gender bias in funding. Creating awareness about these biases is crucial to address disparities. Female founders face subtle remarks that undermine their self-esteem, hindering their progress.

Governmental accelerator programs play a vital role in supporting entrepreneurship. In Senegal, a government-backed program has provided funding and resources for entrepreneurs like Hua Wang, driving economic growth. Wang emphasizes the need for sustainable support models and quick approval of funding for startups.

An integrated approach is essential for digitizing economies in developing countries, like India. The use of localized digital tools and affordable access to technology have enabled digitization efforts. Hua Wang stresses the importance of choosing a job based on passion for career success, particularly in a context where traditional paths are favored.

In conclusion, this analysis highlights the disparities faced by women founders and the importance of addressing biases in funding. It emphasizes the role of governmental support, sustainable funding models, and quick approval of funding for entrepreneurial success. The importance of an integrated approach to digitizing economies and following one’s passion for career success is also underscored.

Awa Caba

The analysis identifies two remarkable entrepreneurs from Senegal, namely Awa Caba. Awa Caba is actively involved in the agriculture and technology sectors, demonstrating her versatility and capacity to make a significant impact. She plays a crucial role in promoting several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 5: Gender Equality, SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, and SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

In the first argument, Awa Caba is described as an entrepreneur operating in the agriculture and tech sectors in Senegal. Her innovative contributions in these sectors demonstrate her entrepreneurial prowess and commitment to driving positive change. Though the sentiment is neutral, the supporting facts highlight her role as a key player in these fields.

The second argument highlights Awa Caba’s leadership in an e-commerce platform in Senegal, specifically focusing on empowering women and facilitating their access to the market. This effort aligns with multiple SDGs, including SDG 5, SDG 8, SDG 9, and SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities. The sentiment associated with this argument is positive, indicating the impact Awa Caba is making in enabling women to engage in economic activities and reducing inequalities.

Notably, Awa Caba’s achievements are noteworthy within the context of gender equality, economic growth, and innovation. Her endeavors reflect her determination to create opportunities for women and foster economic development in Senegal. By combining her expertise in agriculture and technology, she effectively contributes to building sustainable industry infrastructure. Awa Caba’s work exemplifies the power of entrepreneurship in driving positive change and achieving the SDGs.

Overall, Awa Caba’s multi-faceted approach to entrepreneurship, encompassing the agriculture and tech sectors, as well as her leadership in an e-commerce platform, positions her as a prominent figure in Senegal’s development landscape. Her contributions towards gender equality, economic growth, and industry innovation are truly commendable and serve as inspiration for future entrepreneurs and change-makers.

Speaker 2

Tamar Sarawat is affiliated with the US Department of Commerce and plays a role in formulating policies related to national and international trade, economic growth, and technological advancement. This highlights the significant influence of the Department of Commerce in shaping the business landscape.

Within the Department of Commerce, there is a dedicated working group focused on women’s economic empowerment. This group is instrumental in advancing gender equality and promoting economic growth, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5 and 8. SDG 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower women and girls, while SDG 8 focuses on inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all.

The presence of a robust working group within the Department of Commerce demonstrates a commitment to addressing gender disparities and promoting equal opportunities for women in the workplace. By addressing the unique challenges faced by women, this group contributes to building a more inclusive and diverse economy.

The working group comprises women from the private sector in Central Asia, highlighting the global nature of its approach and the importance of collaborating across regions. The active engagement of private sector women from Central Asia adds diverse perspectives and reinforces the idea that economic empowerment should be a global agenda.

In summary, the presence of a women’s economic empowerment working group within the US Department of Commerce reflects a dedication to promoting gender equality and enhancing economic opportunities. By engaging private sector women from Central Asia, this group ensures a global perspective. It aligns with the SDGs and has the potential to drive positive change in the business world, contributing to a more inclusive and prosperous future for all.

Speaker 4

The speakers in the discussion provided insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa. Speaker 4’s startup, Quitty, was highlighted as a B2B marketplace for Made in Africa products. The main goal of Quitty is to facilitate the accessibility of African products in international markets. Additionally, Quitty has a brand incubation program that collaborates directly with local suppliers, particularly women. This program aims to empower and support these suppliers in overcoming barriers they face in the industry.

One of the main challenges discussed during the discussion was the barriers to entry for African products on global platforms. It was noted that production capacity is still a significant challenge for local suppliers. Moreover, many African ingredients are not represented on popular platforms like Amazon, which limits the reach of these products. This highlights the need to address these challenges and provide better opportunities for African suppliers to showcase and sell their products globally.

The importance of an ecosystem for entrepreneurship was also emphasized. The speakers noted that the ecosystem in Africa has been experiencing growth, with more entrepreneurs returning to start businesses and the emergence of incubator programmes. Government involvement and support were highlighted as contributing factors to the ecosystem’s growth. Advocates were highlighted as critical in stimulating the ecosystem by instilling a sense of belonging and capability among entrepreneurs.

Government funding and policies were discussed as potential frameworks to support entrepreneurs. The success of government funding programmes was found to be dependent on efficiency and speed of disbursement. The implementation of the Startup Act was seen as a positive step, with Tunisia and Senegal having already adopted it and Nigeria working towards its implementation. The Startup Act provides clear definitions for startups and offers tax breaks for the initial years, promoting a conducive environment for startups.

However, challenges related to taxation were also raised during the discussion. High employment taxes and other levies were considered detrimental to startups, as they posed financial burdens and limited growth opportunities. The need for tax structures that support startups and foster economic growth was emphasized.

Digitalisation of public sector systems was highlighted as necessary to facilitate startup growth. Digitalisation would ensure easier access to information, loans, and other services, streamlining processes for startups. The use of digital tools and platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and TikTok was also discussed. These tools were deemed highly useful for managing projects, team communication, and marketing strategies, particularly in global teams and emerging markets.

The speakers also touched upon the importance of regulations in the digital world. They highlighted the need for the public sector to catch up with the pace of innovations and understand and control emerging technologies, such as blockchain and cryptocurrencies. However, it was mentioned that regulations in this realm need to strike a balance between control and fostering innovation.

Another noteworthy observation was the increasing trust in digital companies like Google, Facebook, and Apple, which raised concerns about individuals relying too heavily on these private sector companies over government institutions. It was noted that this misplaced trust could lead to a societal imbalance and potentially undermine the role and influence of governments.

On a more personal level, the speakers discussed the importance of self-belief and passion in entrepreneurship. Following one’s gut instincts and having the confidence to believe in one’s ideas were stressed as key factors in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavors. The speakers also acknowledged the challenges faced by women in entrepreneurship and encouraged women to bring out their strengths and not suppress them.

In conclusion, the discussion shed light on various aspects of entrepreneurship and startups in Africa, including the challenges faced by local suppliers, the significance of an ecosystem, the role of government support, digitalisation, and the importance of self-belief and passion. It emphasized the need for increased support and resources to foster an inclusive startup ecosystem in Africa and create opportunities for African products to thrive on the international stage.

Speaker 5

Shutlers, a shared mobility platform founded by Damilola Lokeshisi (also known as Dami) in Lagos, Nigeria, aims to address the transportation challenges faced by the workforce, particularly young professionals. The public transport system in Lagos is inadequate and poses safety risks, as seen in an unfortunate incident involving Dami’s sister. Shutlers provides a solution by offering affordable and safe transportation options. The service is priced between standard ride-hailing services and traditional public transport, providing a balance between affordability and safety.

Over the past six years, Shutlers has seen remarkable growth, expanding to three cities in Nigeria and raising $5.6 million in funding. This success demonstrates the conviction in the business model and the solution it offers to the public transport challenges in Nigeria.

Government initiatives, such as an accelerator programme, have proven to be instrumental in supporting startups like Shutlers. Dami received her first grant through this programme, which helped bootstrap and build her first tech. However, there is a need for a more sustainable model to support entrepreneurs beyond the initial stages.

Before developing their own application, Shutlers utilised existing digital platforms like WhatsApp, Google, and Excel sheets to communicate bus arrivals, track vehicles, and maintain reports. This approach proved effective in the early stages of their operations until they could afford to build their own apps.

There are concerns about proposals to tax digital goods and services, with some countries suggesting taxing instances like sending a PDF to another country or downloading an app. Such taxation measures could have negative implications for startups and the digital industry.

Policymakers are beginning to realise the significant influence of the digital world and its potential impact on various aspects of society. Issues such as ownership and control of data, alongside cases of influencers causing significant events, demonstrate the need for robust policy considerations.

The appointment of a young Nigerian minister with a tech background indicates that young people entering government can bring about effective change, leveraging their understanding of the digital ecosystem.

There is an argument that the government should support citizens by staying out of their way and not making life more difficult. This sentiment reflects the desire for reduced government interference and regulation, fostering an environment that promotes decent work and reduced inequalities.

Dami, the founder of Shutlers, emphasises the daily challenges faced as an entrepreneur, highlighting the necessity to fight for success constantly. She believes in self-empowerment and achieving one’s goals, using numbers and business traction as unbiased indicators of success. Doubts and challenges fuel her motivation to succeed.

In conclusion, Shutlers is making significant strides in addressing transportation challenges in Lagos, Nigeria, through its shared mobility platform. The success of Shutlers highlights the importance of government support for startups, the effective use of existing digital platforms, the implications of taxing digital goods and services, and the growing recognition of the influence of the digital world. The founder’s journey as an entrepreneur highlights the determination and perseverance required for success in the startup ecosystem.

Speaker 7

Speaker 7, a successful entrepreneur, started her first business at the age of 17. The business focused on selling fashionable textile products to university students. It had a successful three-year run before she decided to sell it to fund her studies in textiles at the National Institute. This early venture not only provided her with valuable experience but also demonstrated her entrepreneurial spirit and determination.

After completing her studies, Speaker 7 recognized the need to connect women in the textiles and clothing value chain. To address this, she created a nonprofit organization that served as a platform for women entrepreneurs from different parts of the world. The platform not only allowed these women to reach new markets but also provided them with the opportunity to share their stories, further empowering them in their entrepreneurial journey.

Building upon this success, Speaker 7 went on to launch Inclusive Trade, an e-commerce platform that connects small businesses with customers globally. The platform has had a significant impact, supporting over 4,000 businesses so far. It provides these businesses with increased visibility and helps them prove their sustainability efforts, thus attracting more customers and opportunities. The positive sentiment surrounding Inclusive Trade is evident from its continuous influx of about £70,000 worth of business every month, which has prompted the need for external investments to support the platform’s scale-up.

Throughout her journey, Speaker 7 has been a strong advocate for comprehensive accelerator programs for women entrepreneurs. She believes that women should be given equally challenging programs as their male counterparts, rejecting the notion of “dumbing down” initiatives for women. She emphasizes the importance of having visible role models for women in the entrepreneurial sphere, encouraging their empowerment and success.

In addition, Speaker 7 highlights the significance of gender equality, which she believes can be achieved through empowering girls and educating boys. She draws from her own experience of being raised in a conservative Indian society but being encouraged to seize opportunities and gain knowledge. As a mother of two boys, she actively promotes equal responsibilities and respect for girls within her household.

The speaker also acknowledges the need for a blended approach towards digitization, involving bottom-up, top-down, and private sector involvement. She cites examples from India, where vendors on roads have embraced digital payments through platforms like Google Pay. She highlights the importance of policy changes, cheaper smartphones, and accessible data as essential factors enabling digital transformation.

Finally, Speaker 7 emphasizes the need to choose a profession based on passion, rather than merely for financial gain. She firmly believes that no profession should be viewed as superior or inferior, challenging traditional societal expectations in countries like India.

Overall, the journey and insights of Speaker 7 serve as an inspiration for aspiring entrepreneurs, particularly women, highlighting the importance of determination, empowerment, and embracing new opportunities.

Speaker 3

Macy Ogu works for the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria, and the Commission is actively working towards empowering women entrepreneurs. Macy joined the discussion with an aim to gain knowledge and understand more about the challenges faced by female founders. She expressed her belief in the need for more support for female founders as they scale their businesses.

The ecosystem in Nigeria is described as vibrant, full of energy and opportunities, but it initially posed challenges for female founders. Speaker 3, who has been on an entrepreneurial journey for seven years in Nigeria, highlighted the difficulty she faced finding other female founders and often being the only woman in meetings or when onboarding businesses or suppliers. This indicates that, despite the vibrant environment, gender disparities hinder the progress of female entrepreneurs.

However, there are positive developments in the Nigerian ecosystem, with an increasing number of initiatives focusing on women and supporting their growth. The MasterCard Foundation and IFC have introduced initiatives that specifically target women. There is also a growing representation of female general partners and investors in Nigeria. Additionally, programs that train women in coding have been initiated to address the supply issues faced by females in the tech industry. These initiatives indicate a more supportive ecosystem that is working towards gender equality and equal opportunities for female founders.

Although progress has been made, there is still a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they transition from Series A to Series B, C, D, or billion-dollar businesses. Speaker 3 noted this gap and emphasized the need for additional support in this crucial phase of scaling businesses. Ensuring ongoing support at every stage is essential for female founders to achieve their full potential and contribute to the growth of the ecosystem.

In conclusion, Macy Ogu’s involvement with the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission in Nigeria highlights the Commission’s efforts to empower women entrepreneurs. The ecosystem in Nigeria is making positive strides in supporting female founders through initiatives focused on women and increasing representation in the tech industry. However, there remains a gap in support for women entrepreneurs as they scale their businesses, particularly in the Series A to Series B transition. Continued efforts to address these challenges will be crucial in creating a truly inclusive and thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem in Nigeria.

Speaker 1

Caitlin Satola, an official at the US Department of State, plays a crucial role in supporting the C5 plus 1 initiative for the United States and Central Asia. Despite not being an entrepreneur herself, she is dedicated to providing assistance and resources to entrepreneurs in these regions.

The C5 plus 1 initiative is a platform that aims to foster cooperation and dialogue between the United States and the five Central Asian countries – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It focuses on five key areas of collaboration: security, economic connectivity, business and entrepreneurship, environment, and regional integration.

Satola’s primary focus lies in supporting entrepreneurs in Central Asia. By offering guidance, resources, and expertise, she works to create an enabling environment for these individuals to thrive. Satola recognises the vital role entrepreneurs play in driving economic growth, innovation, and job creation. Through capacity-building programmes, she helps equip aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed.

Satola’s efforts also to extend to facilitating partnerships and collaborations between entrepreneurs in the United States and Central Asia. By connecting entrepreneurs from both regions, she fosters knowledge exchange, technology transfer, and the sharing of best practices. These connections enable entrepreneurs to tap into new markets, access funding opportunities, and gain valuable insights from their counterparts.

While Satola’s role is not directly entrepreneurial in nature, her commitment to supporting entrepreneurs showcases the Department of State’s recognition of the importance of entrepreneurship in driving economic development and stability in Central Asia. By empowering and assisting entrepreneurs, Satola contributes to creating a thriving business environment, fostering economic connectivity between the United States and Central Asia, and promoting stronger ties between the two regions.

In conclusion, Caitlin Satola, working under the US Department of State’s C5 plus 1 initiative, plays a crucial role in supporting entrepreneurship in Central Asia. Her dedication to providing resources, guidance, and facilitating partnerships benefits entrepreneurs in the region, driving economic growth and fostering stronger ties between the United States and Central Asia.

Birame Sock

Biram Sock, a representative from Senegal, introduced himself as an advocate for E-Trade for Women, focusing on the Francophone Africa region. This demonstrates his commitment to promoting equitable economic opportunities for women in this area. “E-Trade for Women” involves using electronic trading platforms to empower women entrepreneurs and enhance their participation in the global market. By leveraging technology, barriers such as limited access to financial services and discriminatory practices can be overcome, fostering economic growth and gender equality. Biram Sock advocates for the adoption of digital trade strategies that benefit women by engaging with policymakers, organizations, and stakeholders. He specifically addresses the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Francophone Africa, including cultural norms, limited access to education and technology, and inadequate infrastructure. His advocacy efforts aim to create an enabling environment for women in the digital economy, contributing to their socio-economic development and empowerment in Francophone Africa.

Pippa McDougall.

Pippa McDougall, a senior advocacy manager at the GSMA Connected Women Programme, introduces herself and her role in initiatives aimed at reducing the gender gap in mobile technology access and usage. McDougall advocates for women’s empowerment in the digital sphere and promotes inclusivity in the technology sector.

Expressing excitement and gratitude for being present at the event, McDougall demonstrates her commitment to the cause and eagerness to share insights and experiences with the audience.

Under McDougall’s direction, the GSMA Connected Women Programme works to increase women’s access to mobile services globally and empower them to engage fully with technology. Efforts focus on overcoming barriers such as affordability, literacy, and socio-cultural constraints that hinder women’s participation and access to mobile technology.

The advocacy work McDougall is involved in emphasizes the importance of addressing the gender gap in the technology sector. Collaborating with policymakers, industry leaders, and non-governmental organizations, McDougall develops impactful strategies to bring about positive change. She aims to raise awareness about gender equality in mobile technology and drive meaningful action towards achieving this goal.

McDougall’s introduction highlights her passion for the cause, setting the stage for a discussion on challenges, opportunities, and potential solutions for increasing women’s access and empowerment in the digital era.

Alisa Sydow

Alisa Sydow, an associate professor in entrepreneurship, holds a prominent position at the ESCP Business School, one of the most esteemed European institutions. With a focus on women in entrepreneurship, she dedicates her research efforts to understanding and promoting gender equality in this field. This emphasis on supporting women aligns with SDG5 for Gender Equality, indicating her commitment to fostering an inclusive and equitable entrepreneurial landscape.

Additionally, Alisa Sydow’s practical experience is evident through her ownership of a startup. This demonstrates her deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by entrepreneurs. Her firsthand experience in running a business enhances her credibility as an educator and researcher, allowing her to provide valuable insights and guidance to aspiring entrepreneurs.

By focusing on women in entrepreneurship, Alisa Sydow’s work contributes to SDG8 for Decent Work and Economic Growth. Entrepreneurship not only provides individuals with meaningful employment opportunities but also drives economic growth and development. By promoting women’s involvement in this sector, she helps create a more vibrant and inclusive economy.

Moreover, her work is also relevant to SDG9 for Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. As an associate professor and entrepreneur, Alisa Sydow is undoubtedly familiar with the importance of innovation and efficient infrastructure in entrepreneurial endeavors. By exploring and promoting innovative approaches, she facilitates the growth and sustainability of startups, contributing to overall progress in society.

In conclusion, Alisa Sydow’s contributions in education, research, and entrepreneurship have substantial implications for various Sustainable Development Goals. Her position as an associate professor at the prestigious ESCP Business School allows her to shape the mindset and skills of future entrepreneurs. Through her research on women in entrepreneurship, she actively promotes gender equality and inclusivity. Furthermore, her own experience as a startup owner adds practical knowledge to her academic expertise. Overall, Alisa Sydow’s work not only supports specific SDGs such as Gender Equality, Decent Work and Economic Growth, and Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, but also contributes to the broader goal of creating a sustainable and prosperous society.

Speaker 6

The analysis includes discussions from various speakers covering different aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations.

One of the speakers, Yasmin, is the founder of a B2B startup in Egypt that focuses on food and e-commerce delivery. She has successfully raised $10 million in funding for her business and currently achieves an average of 10,000 deliveries per day. Yasmin’s success story highlights the potential of startups in the industry and the importance of targeting specific markets, such as Whole Foods and Carrefour.

Another speaker addresses the challenges faced by startups in certain regions, like the speaker’s own country. These challenges arise from the lack of an established ecosystem to support startups. This emphasizes the importance of building a supportive environment that includes wallets, banks, and user-friendly apps. The speaker also highlights the need to explain basic concepts like working hours and productivity to the drivers associated with the startup. Furthermore, the speaker notes that investors are becoming more cautious and are requiring additional due diligence, making it harder for startups to secure investment based solely on PowerPoint presentations.

The analysis also delves into the gender dynamics of entrepreneurship. One speaker asserts that entrepreneurship should be viewed as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue. This perspective argues that entrepreneurial success is not limited to any specific gender and that investors primarily consider the profit potential of ventures, irrespective of the entrepreneur’s gender. Another speaker highlights the importance of coaching and equal opportunity for women in entrepreneurship. Both male and female entrepreneurs face competition and challenges, and reaching potential investors and delivering compelling pitches are essential for securing investment.

The topic of digital regulations and policies is also explored. A speaker argues that regulating the digital space in traditional ways is impractical and reactive. Drawing parallels with the music industry’s experience with MP3 files, the speaker suggests that existing proposed policies are somewhat backward-looking. Instead, the speaker advocates for a proactive approach that takes into account the unique nature and dynamics of the digital realm.

The analysis also emphasizes the need for instilling specific values and norms within the digital space. One speaker stresses the importance of teaching children responsible technology use and the development of digital etiquette. By raising awareness about the responsible use of technology from a young age, individuals can navigate and contribute positively to the digital space.

In terms of gender equality, one speaker shares a childhood experience where their father emphasized that being a girl should not hinder them from aspiring for success. This anecdote signifies the importance of fighting for personal aspirations, regardless of gender. Another speaker highlights the treatment discrepancy between boys and girls, particularly in post-schooling stages. Girls often feel academic pressure to succeed, while boys may assume success will come through alternative means. The speaker raises concerns over the loss of self-belief many girls experience upon entering the workplace.

Finally, one speaker encourages individuals to view perceived obstacles as advantages and shares their ambition to work in a traditionally male-dominated industry. This serves as a testament to the speaker’s determination to challenge norms and succeed in challenging locations.

In conclusion, the analysis provides valuable insights into various aspects of entrepreneurship, gender equality, and digital regulations. It underscores the potential for success in startups, the importance of an established ecosystem, the need to view entrepreneurship as a business opportunity rather than a gender issue, and the significance of coaching and equal opportunity for women. The analysis also highlights the challenges of regulating the digital space, the importance of instilling digital values and norms, and the need to fight for aspirations irrespective of gender. Ultimately, the analysis calls for a conducive environment that supports and empowers entrepreneurs, regardless of their gender or the industry they choose to pursue.

Emily Ashby

During the discussion, the idea of attending an event was raised and Emily Ashby was asked if she would like to join. She responded affirmatively and mentioned that introductions would be made during the event. Ashby introduced herself as the director for South and Central Asia, representing the US in the USTR (United States Trade Representative). This indicates that she holds a significant position within the organization. The conversation was conducted in a friendly manner, with all participants expressing a willingness to attend the event and engage in introductions. The exchange took place in the afternoon, suggesting a positive and collaborative atmosphere among the participants.

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Alisa Sydow

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188 words per minute

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47 words

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15 secs

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Awa Caba

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166 words per minute

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40 words

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14 secs

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Birame Sock

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29 words

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Emily Ashby

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143 words per minute

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40 words

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Hua Wang

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194 words per minute

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3133 words

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968 secs

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Mercedes Nunez

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120 words per minute

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41 words

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20 secs

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Pippa McDougall.

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191 words per minute

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31 words

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168 secs

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202 words per minute

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877 secs

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175 words per minute

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528 secs

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196 words per minute

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958 secs

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Speaker 7

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1178 secs

Enhancing the transition from offline to online for small businesses in the Pacific (PIFS)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Tomaz Gorisek

The European Union (EU) and Pacific states are natural allies when it comes to digital transformation and green transition. They both aim for ambitious results at international conferences, such as the Conference of Parties (COPs), and through their domestic policies. The digital transition can be of great help to Pacific islands in overcoming challenges like transaction costs, accessing large economic zones, and mitigating the impacts of climate change.

Achieving successful digital transition requires a comprehensive approach that considers various elements, including government policies, infrastructure, skills, and businesses. A single-pillar approach is not enough to address the complexities of digital transformation. By taking a holistic approach, the EU and Pacific states can effectively navigate challenges and seize opportunities.

E-commerce business toolkits are valuable resources for entrepreneurs, and efforts like the Pacific Regional Integration Support Program provide support to entrepreneurs in the Pacific region. It is important to address the digital skills gap among European SMEs, as many of them feel inadequately equipped. Implementing e-commerce business toolkits can empower entrepreneurs and contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

Trade facilitation and infrastructure projects play a crucial role in supporting e-commerce success. The EU supports various initiatives in the Pacific region aimed at improving trade facilitation and infrastructure, such as Securitas and port rehabilitation projects. These initiatives ensure efficient product delivery, even after electronic transactions have taken place.

Regional coordination is key to digital transformation and e-commerce promotion. The EU’s positive experiences with the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFs) highlight the importance of regional cooperation. Effective communication within the region is crucial for the development of successful programs and strategies. Initiatives like the Pacific e-commerce development partners subcommittee bring stakeholders together and foster collaboration.

In conclusion, the EU and Pacific states share common goals in digital transformation and green transition. By adopting comprehensive approaches and encouraging regional coordination, they can leverage digital technologies and foster sustainable economies. These initiatives aim to enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem and contribute to the achievement of SDGs.

Sven Callebaut

The panel discussion aims to increase the visibility of digital acceleration and transition for small businesses in the Pacific. The goal is to highlight the importance and benefits of embracing digital platforms and technologies for small businesses in the region. The discussion, moderated by Sven Callebaut, is provided by the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Secretariat.

To support and facilitate the online transition of Pacific small businesses, PIFS has developed business toolkits. These toolkits offer guidance on establishing an online presence, managing risks, and overcoming sector-specific challenges. PIFS has expanded the program to provide training, mentorship, and financial support to help businesses effectively transition to the online realm.

The panel discussion consists of experts from the Pacific region who will discuss the transition from offline to online for small businesses. The panel includes Candice Guavis from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Andrea Iba from the Pacific Islands Private Sector Organization (PIPSO), Olivia Pongham from the Pacific Economic Staff Association Plus (PESA Plus), and Thomas Gorisek from the European Union (EU) Delegation. Their expertise and experience will provide valuable insights and perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of embracing digital platforms.

Sven Callebaut stands as an advocate for the enhancement of visibility and support for the transition of Pacific small businesses to an online platform. In addition to the business toolkits, PIFS provides financial support, training, and mentorship to aid the transition process for these businesses.

The Pacer Plus trade agreement, a regional agreement among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand, works towards enhancing digital trade and e-commerce in the region. It offers opportunities for member states to benefit from the Pacific Business Enhancement Flow Initiative, focusing on e-commerce and digital trade issues.

Sven Callebaut is interested in understanding the type of support small entrepreneurs need from their organizations and development partners to continue their online journey. This signifies the importance of collaboration and partnership in facilitating the digitalization of small businesses.

On the topic of payment challenges, the reliance on cash in the Pacific poses difficulties in promoting mobile payment and cashless solutions. This societal reliance on cash, coupled with the absence of widespread payment solutions like PayPal or Stripe in most Pacific Island countries, makes the adoption of digital payment methods challenging. Additionally, charges on debit and credit cards present further obstacles to overcome.

Lastly, a high-level session will be conducted to explore the lessons learned from the Pacific’s experiences in financial and payment systems. This session, featuring Bram Peters from the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), aims to share best practices and insights that can benefit other countries and regions.

In conclusion, the panel discussion, business toolkits, and Pacer Plus trade agreement are all geared towards supporting and enhancing the digital transition of Pacific small businesses. Collaboration, support, and the sharing of insights and best practices are crucial in facilitating the adoption and success of online platforms and technologies. However, challenges related to payment systems and societal reliance on cash must be addressed to fully unlock the potential of digitalization in the Pacific.

Candice Guavis

The Alele Handicraft Shop in the Marshall Islands made the decision to transition to an online platform in 2011, which has proven to be highly beneficial for the business. By creating a Facebook page to market their products online, the shop was able to expand its customer base and increase its profits. The success of this transition is evident from the fact that the shop now has over 20,000 followers on its social media pages.

One of the significant advantages of the shop’s online presence is its ability to promote and share Marshallese culture through its arts and crafts. Alele Handicraft Shop takes pride in selling products that represent the unique cultural heritage of the Marshall Islands. With their online platform, they can reach a global audience and share the beauty of Marshallese culture with the world.

The success story of Alele Handicraft Shop serves as an example for other small businesses looking to transition online. Being one of the first small businesses in the handicraft sector in the Marshall Islands to embrace the digital transformation, their experience can provide guidance and inspiration to others who are considering a similar move. The transition to an online platform, when done right, has the potential to bring about growth, innovation, and economic prosperity for small businesses.

However, there are challenges that come with scaling up production to meet the demands of the online market. Handicrafts, particularly those made by Alele Handicraft Shop, require time and expertise to produce. This can pose difficulties in meeting the high demand that online platforms often generate. For instance, the shop once experienced a situation where a buyer wanted over 50 hand-woven bags, but they were unable to produce them quickly enough. This highlights the need to find solutions for efficiently scaling up production.

To address this challenge, the shop has focused on promoting the creation of faster-to-make products. By encouraging the production of earrings, necklaces, and other items that can be made more quickly, they can meet online demand more effectively. This strategy allows them to leverage their expertise while still satisfying customer needs.

Supportive measures such as toolkits, mentorship programs, and a community forum are crucial for helping small businesses successfully transition online. Alele Handicraft Shop recognizes the importance of these resources and believes that they are essential for providing guidance, knowledge, and support to businesses in the online transition process. For instance, a mentoring program where experienced individuals mentor small business owners can play a critical role in helping businesses become independent and self-sufficient. Additionally, a forum where small business owners can exchange ideas and share experiences can foster shared learning, innovation, and growth within the community.

While the transition to an online platform has brought about numerous advantages, shipping products remains a major challenge for Alele Handicraft Shop. Due to an agreement with the US Postal Services, they can only ship their products cheaply to the US, limiting their reach to other parts of the world. Shipping to the Pacific using DHL is costly, which poses a significant barrier for them. As a workaround, they sometimes rely on individuals to hand-deliver products when they are travelling to specific countries. Finding cost-effective shipping solutions that expand their reach to a broader customer base continues to be a priority for the shop.

Supplier relationships also play a crucial role in the success of the shop. Given the laid-back nature of island life in the Marshall Islands, rushing weavers to meet orders is not ideal. In instances where a requested item is not in stock, the shop recommends substitute products that are readily available instead of pressuring weavers to meet specific demands. Building strong connections and trust with suppliers allows the shop to maintain a healthy and sustainable business ecosystem.

Despite the positive outcomes of transitioning online, the process is not without its challenges. Moving from an offline to an online market presents various obstacles that need to be overcome. For Alele Handicraft Shop, some of the main issues include various types of challenges related to logistics, stock availability, and shipping. These difficulties highlight the complexities involved in fully embracing the digital transformation and adapting to the changing market landscape.

Although the Alele Handicraft Shop has been conducting online business for the past 10 years, they still consider themselves to be in the early stages of e-commerce. As with any evolving industry, understanding the intricacies of e-commerce, particularly regarding payments and charges, is an ongoing learning process. The shop remains committed to continuously improving their e-commerce expertise and leveraging it to further grow their business.

When it comes to funding their start-up, Alele Handicraft Shop prefers to avoid business loans. While bank loans may be the typical choice for funding, the shop has moved past relying on loans and instead seeks out in-country opportunities, grants, or loans. Their goal is to become self-sufficient and independent, taking advantage of existing resources and opportunities without relying heavily on loans.

In conclusion, the Alele Handicraft Shop’s transition to an online platform has proven to be a successful move, resulting in increased profits and an expanded customer base. The shop’s online presence allows them to share and promote Marshallese culture through their unique arts and crafts. Challenges in scaling up production and shipping remain, but the shop’s focus on faster-to-make products and strong supplier relationships help overcome these obstacles. The shop strongly advocates for toolkits, mentorship programs, and community forums to support other businesses in their online transition. While they continue to refine their e-commerce strategies, the shop aims to become self-sufficient and explore alternative funding options.

Olivia Phongkham

The Pacer Plus regional agreement aims to support digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, including Australia and New Zealand. This agreement focuses on creating a conducive environment for member countries and fostering the growth of digital trade. It strives to strengthen the legal and regulatory framework for digital trade by working on e-commerce law drafting and conducting feasibility studies on various trade aspects. Additionally, Pacer Plus has successfully implemented several e-commerce activities in different regions, such as regulatory gap analysis, launching e-commerce policies, and validating strategies through national consultation processes.

Inclusiveness is an important aspect of Pacer Plus, with a specific focus on promoting gender equality and the inclusion of marginalized groups and people with disabilities in e-commerce activities. The Development Economic Cooperation Work Program of Pacer Plus prioritises gender equality and inclusiveness, ensuring that all parties involved in trade services and investment activities in the e-commerce sector are included and have equal opportunities.

The Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative, which operates under the Pacer Plus agreement, is designed to be flexible and adaptable to the needs and requirements of PACERplus countries. This initiative provides funding on an annual and multi-year cycle, allowing for the addition of more components as needed. This flexibility enables countries to align their national priorities with the obligations of PACERplus and other trade commitments, such as those in the World Trade Organization and multilateral forums.

The expansion of PACER+ is not limited to invitation but depends on countries’ requests to join. Olivia Phongkham, a representative, stated that countries can request to join PACER+ and they would welcome such requests. The expansion of PACER+ is ultimately determined by the country’s desire to join and participate in the agreement.

In conclusion, the Pacer Plus regional agreement plays a vital role in promoting digital trade and e-commerce among Pacific islands, fostering an enabling environment for its member countries, and driving inclusive growth in the e-commerce sector. With its successful implementation of various e-commerce initiatives, Pacer Plus has demonstrated its commitment to supporting the development and expansion of digital trade. Moreover, the flexibility of the Pacific Business Flow Enhancement Initiative allows for customization to meet the specific needs of PACERplus countries.

Audience

The analysis includes multiple speakers discussing various topics related to international trade, cooperation, and banking. One topic of discussion is the potential expansion of PACER+, a regional trade agreement. The audience inquires about the future plans for PACER+, indicating an interest in its growth and development.

Another point emphasized by one of the speakers is the importance of learning from different parts of the world. This underlines the significance of global collaboration and international relations in achieving mutual growth and development. The speaker voices support for international cooperation, promoting a collective approach to problem-solving.

Maritime relations between Africa and the Pacific also come up in the analysis, with a speaker expressing interest in exploring the potential for passage between the two regions. This demonstrates an acknowledgement of the importance of connectivity and trade routes for economic development in both regions.

The loss of correspondent banking relationships in Pacific Island states is highlighted as a significant problem. This issue is attributed to both political and technical factors, demanding a right to be connected to the financial world. The analysis reveals that this problem is not limited to the Pacific Islands, as some banks in other regions are also facing similar challenges. The extent of this problem is evidenced by specific examples, such as the case of Vanuatu, where banks have resorted to physically transporting large sums of money in suitcases to settle transactions.

One of the speakers suggests considering banking connectivity as a public utility. They argue that the cost of servicing small markets from correspondent banking relationships is high, and compliance costs are rapidly increasing. This viewpoint implies a need for a shift from considering banking purely as a profit-driven commercial venture to viewing it as a service essential for societal development.

Furthermore, the analysis explores the idea of subsidizing banking services with public money, as the commercial viability of such services in small markets is diminishing. This perspective views banking as a critical public good, deserving of support to address the challenges faced by smaller economies.

Additionally, the speakers delve into the role of correspondent banking relationships in international payments and their impact on e-commerce. They explain that correspondent banks act as intermediaries between banks in different countries, enabling settlements of international transactions. However, this system poses difficulties for e-commerce in smaller markets, as big banks often consider such markets unprofitable and are reluctant to provide correspondent banking services. This further exacerbates the challenges faced by small businesses in these regions, as transactions can be time-consuming and expensive.

In light of the obstacles faced in sustaining e-commerce commercially in small markets, the notion of treating it as a public good for these markets is proposed. Viewing e-commerce as a public good, akin to essential utilities like water and electricity, can create an enabling environment for small businesses to thrive.

Overall, the analysis presents a diverse range of perspectives on key issues such as trade, banking, and economic development. It highlights the need for international cooperation, political solutions to banking challenges, and alternative approaches to support small markets and businesses. The suggestions put forward aim to foster inclusive growth and address the limitations faced by economies with unique circumstances.

Andrea Ibba

Small businesses in the Pacific Islands face several challenges when starting their online journey. One major obstacle is their limited capacity to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, making it difficult to allocate resources and time towards establishing an online presence. Additionally, advancements and changes in the region tend to arrive later, further hindering small businesses from embracing e-commerce.

Internet accessibility is another major challenge, with internet penetration averaging around 50% in most islands. However, the cost of internet can be quite high, reaching approximately 13% to 20% of an average salary. Limited access to affordable and reliable internet services acts as a barrier to online engagement. Furthermore, the lack of digital skills and financial literacy among entrepreneurs adds to the challenges they face.

Creating an enabling environment for online business is crucial. However, infrastructure issues limit internet penetration mainly to capital cities, leaving remote areas with inadequate access. The lack of essential infrastructure and services, such as 4G internet, further exacerbates the problem. High costs associated with internet usage also hinder accessibility and potential profits for online businesses.

Addressing the consumer side of online business is equally important. Low digital literacy and high costs of internet access result in low demand for digital products. Improving digital literacy and finding solutions to reduce internet cost are essential to overcome these barriers.

Lower-cost platforms like Facebook provide a user-friendly option for small businesses to establish an online presence. This offers an affordable alternative to the expense of starting an independent e-commerce website or platform.

The Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) recognizes the challenges faced by small businesses and has developed business toolkits to assist them in navigating the complexities of online operations. These user-friendly toolkits provide practical guidance tailored to specific challenges and are designed to save entrepreneurs’ time.

Andrea Ibba, an expert in small business development, supports the use of these toolkits as a valuable resource for entrepreneurs. They have been developed based on demand from Ministry of Trade focal points in various countries, making them highly relevant and effective.

PIF also offers additional support through workshops, coaching and mentoring schemes, and a grant scheme. These initiatives aim to strengthen the support provided to small businesses and ensure their successful transition to the digital landscape.

Furthermore, businesses in the Pacific Islands face payment challenges, including high shipping costs and difficulties in making and receiving payments. The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) is working on strategies to address these challenges through mobile payments, offering a promising solution to facilitate transactions.

When considering e-commerce, businesses need to evaluate the costs associated with data usage and digital infrastructure. Careful consideration of these costs is necessary to ensure financial viability.

Overall, small businesses in the Pacific Islands face challenges such as limited capacity, high internet costs, and low digital literacy. However, by creating an enabling environment, utilizing lower-cost platforms, providing business toolkits, and offering additional support, these challenges can be overcome, facilitating successful online expansion. Addressing payment issues and exploring mobile payment solutions are also crucial steps in promoting e-commerce growth in the region.

AI

Andrea Ibba

Speech speed

174 words per minute

Speech length

3338 words

Speech time

1150 secs

A

Audience

Speech speed

142 words per minute

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1229 words

Speech time

519 secs

CG

Candice Guavis

Speech speed

142 words per minute

Speech length

1051 words

Speech time

445 secs

OP

Olivia Phongkham

Speech speed

140 words per minute

Speech length

1142 words

Speech time

491 secs

SC

Sven Callebaut

Speech speed

150 words per minute

Speech length

4495 words

Speech time

1801 secs

TG

Tomaz Gorisek

Speech speed

191 words per minute

Speech length

1537 words

Speech time

482 secs

Enabling trade inclusion for MSMEs, women and underrepresented communities through the postal network (UPU)- UPU TradePost Forum

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Tadhim Uwizeye

The analysis delves into the challenges faced by MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in effectively trading their products on the global marketplace. One significant hurdle is the prohibitively high cost of shipping products from Africa to global markets, often exceeding the cost of the product itself. This acts as a major deterrent for MSMEs, limiting their ability to compete and sell their products effectively on a global scale. The sentiment towards this issue is negative.

To facilitate easier trade for MSMEs, there is a need for the postal sector to fully digitise its operations and integrate with MSME systems. By doing so, trading processes can be streamlined and made more efficient. The analysis highlights the positive impact of digitisation on MSMEs and emphasises the importance of integrating postal systems with MSME systems. This step promotes smoother trade operations and creates a more favourable trading environment. The sentiment towards this potential solution is positive.

Access to training and capacity-building resources is another crucial aspect in helping entrepreneurs overcome challenges associated with global trade. The availability of such resources enables entrepreneurs to address issues related to shipment and trade effectively. The analysis showcases a positive sentiment towards the importance of these resources, drawing on personal experiences of entrepreneurs who have benefited from training and capacity-building initiatives.

In order to support rural MSMEs, particularly cooperatives of young generations and women from vulnerable families, there is a need for concerted efforts. By focusing on this group, the analysis addresses the issue of inequality and aims to provide opportunities for those in rural areas to compete on a global level. The sentiment towards this aspect is positive, acknowledging the significance of supporting rural MSMEs.

National posts play a vital role in connecting MSMEs to national and international markets. However, their traditional reliance on paperwork can undermine the confidence of MSMEs in their services. To enhance efficiency and connectivity, national posts need to adopt technology systems. The analysis highlights the potential improvements that technology, including tracking systems, digital payment systems, and e-commerce platform integration, can bring to the services provided by national posts. The sentiment towards this argument is positive.

Simplified customs and documentation procedures are necessary for MSMEs to easily ship their products. Complex procedures often hinder their ability to trade effectively on the global market. The sentiment towards this argument is positive, asserting the need for national posts to simplify customs and documentation procedures to promote smoother trade operations.

National posts can also play a pivotal role in promoting local products on international markets. The analysis emphasises the resources available to national posts and the potential partnerships with e-commerce platforms to boost the visibility of local products. By promoting these products, national posts can help MSMEs improve their competitiveness and gain recognition on a global scale.

The National Post of Rwanda serves as a positive example for other countries to follow. By introducing tracking systems and collaborating with e-commerce marketplaces, they have successfully facilitated last-mile delivery and provided good rates for e-commerce platforms. Their efforts demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating technology and services to enhance efficiency and connectivity. The sentiment towards the National Post of Rwanda is highly positive.

Overall, the analysis critically examines the various challenges faced by MSMEs in trading their products globally and proposes potential solutions. These solutions include digitising the postal sector, providing training and capacity-building resources, supporting rural MSMEs, adopting technology systems, simplifying customs and documentation procedures, promoting local products, and learning from positive examples. By addressing these issues, the aim is to create a more equitable and conducive trading environment for MSMEs on the global stage.

Phlippe Isler (Moderator)

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and driving innovation. They account for almost 90% of all businesses and over 50% of jobs worldwide. In least developed countries and small island development states, they represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem. Investing in small businesses can lead to steady and transformational economic change through trade.

However, there is a significant gender disparity in ownership and management of MSMEs. Globally, only one in five businesses has a woman as their top manager, and only one in three businesses has a woman among their principal owners. Women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. This disparity highlights the need for increased gender equality in entrepreneurship and access to resources and opportunities for women.

Access to information and know-how is a critical challenge for MSMEs. Many entrepreneurs lack the necessary information on how to trade and where to trade. To address this, the Trade for MSMEs website serves as a one-stop shop, providing crucial information on trading. Additionally, the world’s first game allows individuals to simulate the experience of being an exporter or entrepreneur, offering valuable insights for MSMEs.

The global growth in e-commerce during the pandemic did not significantly benefit MSMEs and traditional postal services. Despite the number of packages delivered more than doubling, this growth was mainly driven by big e-commerce services and retailers. The Universal Postal Union (UPU) reported an initial drop of over 20% in postal volumes. This indicates that MSMEs faced challenges in leveraging the e-commerce boom, highlighting the need for strategic support.

However, the e-commerce revolution also presents opportunities for MSMEs. It provides a lifetime opportunity to expand their market and benefit from the global reach. Platforms like Correios Market in Spain and Portugal have been established to serve small producers and businesses, enabling access to a larger market. With over 1,700 e-sellers and selling over 190,000 products, Correios Market demonstrates the potential for MSMEs to thrive in the e-commerce landscape.

Postal systems have the potential to boost e-commerce, and some countries have implemented innovative solutions. For instance, the Spanish and Swiss postal systems have come up with great innovations in this regard. In Rwanda, the national postal services are making efforts to be closer to MSMEs and e-commerce services. These examples demonstrate that postal systems can play a crucial role in supporting MSMEs and fostering e-commerce growth.

Despite the potential, improving postal systems worldwide poses challenges. Some regions and countries face difficulties in enhancing their postal services, inhibiting their ability to support MSMEs effectively.

To improve the global postal system, the Universal Postal Union (UPU) needs to play an active role. By collaborating with member countries and stakeholders, UPU can address the challenges and drive meaningful improvements in postal services for the benefit of MSMEs and global trade.

In attracting donor funding for trade facilitation, it is essential to create well-packaged and precise project plans. Donors seek projects that are practical, result-oriented, and have a clear impact. Advocating for these well-crafted project plans can increase the chances of securing donor funding and support for MSMEs.

There is also a willingness to experiment with funding packages for specific government projects. This approach involves exploring different funding opportunities and tailoring them to meet the needs of particular government initiatives. The government of Barbados is cited as a potential candidate for such a funding experiment.

In conclusion, MSMEs are vital for achieving SDGs, driving innovation, and promoting economic growth. However, there are challenges such as gender disparity, limited access to information, and the need to leverage the e-commerce revolution effectively. Platforms like Correios Market and innovative postal systems offer opportunities for MSMEs, while the UPU plays a crucial role in improving the global postal system. Creating well-packaged project plans and experimenting with funding packages can further support MSMEs and drive economic development.

Matthew Wilson

Investing in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is crucial for achieving steady but transformational economic change and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). MSMEs play a significant role in the global economy, accounting for almost 90% of all businesses worldwide and over 50% of jobs. In least developed countries and small island development states, MSMEs represent close to 100% of the business ecosystem.

However, women’s representation and empowerment in MSMEs are still limited. Currently, women are sole owners of only around 15% of MSMEs globally. There is also a global gender gap in managerial representation in MSMEs. Investing in MSMEs can be a pathway to women’s economic empowerment and bridge this gap.

MSMEs, especially women-owned ones, face challenges in accessing credit, finance, and trade know-how when trying to enter regional and global markets. Social pressures and prejudices further hinder their progress. Efforts are needed to address these challenges and create an enabling environment for MSMEs to participate in global trade.

While the postal service has the potential to drive small business growth, there are issues that need to be addressed. One in three small businesses lacks faith in the postal service due to experiences of lost mail and damaged packages. Moreover, the cost of sending goods is often higher than the cost of making them, posing a burden on small businesses. These challenges need to be overcome to transform the postal service into a hub for small business growth.

The accessibility and competitiveness of postal services also need improvement, especially for small businesses in rural areas and developing countries. Many small businesses in rural areas lack constant and consistent access to the internet, hampering their ability to utilize postal services effectively. Additionally, regional post offices in some countries, like Barbados, are closing down due to a lack of modernization.

To enhance postal services, effective measurement and evaluation techniques are necessary to ensure optimal service provision. SMEs are seeking partners with integrated end-to-end digital platforms. By implementing effective measurement and evaluation practices, the postal service can meet the evolving needs of SMEs.

Modern trade facilitation hubs are essential for the transformation of postal services. Examples such as Swiss Post’s E-Post Smart Send and Irish Postal Operator Anpost’s e-commerce advice hub demonstrate how postal services can adopt modern technologies and provide services that facilitate global trade.

Partnerships between postal services and various stakeholders, including border agencies, standards agencies, certification labs, financial institutions, and development partners, can bolster capacity-building and provide technical assistance. These partnerships can make trade easier and more accessible for small players.

The Barbados government recognizes the importance of postal services as an economic growth facilitator and is actively working to modernize and digitalize them. Efforts such as opening a regional UPU office and conducting training courses with UPU support signify the commitment to improving postal services.

However, financial constraints and prioritization of other pressing issues like debt and climate change may slow down the progress of modernizing postal services. Small countries like Barbados face challenges in allocating resources and may prioritize other issues over postal service transformation.

In conclusion, investing in MSMEs can lead to steady economic change and contribute to the achievement of SDGs. Addressing challenges such as limited women’s representation, access to credit and trade know-how, and the image and accessibility of the postal service is crucial for fostering small business growth. Improving service measurement, creating modern trade facilitation hubs, and forming partnerships can elevate the capabilities of postal services. The efforts of the Barbados government highlight the recognition of the importance of postal services in facilitating economic growth. However, financial constraints and competing priorities may impact the pace of progress.

Siva Somasundram

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators, particularly in developing countries, through various initiatives. A notable effort is the Connect.Post project, a collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), which aims to connect post offices to the internet. This initiative is crucial for enabling postal services to adopt digital technologies and improve their efficiency and convenience for customers.

However, challenges in implementation and funding remain major roadblocks to the success of these digital transformation initiatives. Adequate resources and financial support are essential for postal operators to invest in the necessary infrastructure, technologies, and training programs. Insufficient funding can hinder the expansion of internet access in post offices, limiting their potential to offer improved services.

Additionally, the ownership structure of postal operators, often government-owned in developing countries, highlights the importance of government investment and commitment to service quality. Government support determines the allocation of funds and resources required for growth and innovation. Therefore, government investment and commitment play a vital role in enhancing overall service quality, efficiency, and accessibility of postal services.

In conclusion, the UPU actively supports the digital transformation of postal operators through initiatives like Connect.Post. However, challenges in implementation and funding pose obstacles to the success of these initiatives. Government investment and commitment are crucial, particularly in developing countries where postal operators are often government-owned. Overcoming these challenges and securing the necessary funding and support will enable postal operators to embark on their digital transformation journey, improving services and meeting evolving customer needs.

Susan Alexander

The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is an intergovernmental organization and a United Nations agency with 192 member countries. It supports its member countries in achieving the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs). The UPU works towards fulfilling these goals by aligning its activities with them.

Gender equality is a key area of focus for the UPU. The organization has specific policies to promote gender equality and is actively expanding its capacity to achieve SDG 5, which focuses on gender equality. It aims to promote gender equality throughout the entire UPU organization and ensure equal representation of women in leadership and decision-making processes. The UPU recognizes the importance of gender equality for sustainable development and is committed to integrating gender equality principles into all of its programs.

In addition to gender equality, the UPU emphasizes the importance of government involvement in creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services. This entails engaging with ministries responsible for postal services, communications, commerce, and digitalization. The UPU acknowledges that collaboration between governments and postal operators is crucial for shaping policies that can effectively address the needs of underrepresented communities and ensure the inclusivity of postal services.

Postal services worldwide are increasingly focusing on the specific needs of women, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and rural businesses. They offer services such as postal financial services, e-commerce platforms, and facilitation of import and export customs procedures that cater to the needs of these groups. By targeting rural areas and smaller customers, including women-led businesses, postal services contribute to the achievement of SDG 5 (gender equality) and SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure).

The UPU recognizes the importance of international trade and digitalization and aims to simplify and enhance these areas. It actively engages in discussions with major players, such as the World Bank, World Trade Organization (WTO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), and United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UNCFACT), to explore ways to improve international trade in the digital era. The UPU has existing programs, such as Trade Post and Connect the Post, which seek to digitalize postal services. It emphasizes the need to include perspectives from smaller retailers and entrepreneurs in these discussions to effectively address their needs and challenges.

In conclusion, the UPU plays a vital role in supporting its member countries in achieving the SDGs, with a particular focus on gender equality and creating a conducive regulatory environment for postal services. Postal services worldwide are implementing measures to cater to the needs of underrepresented communities, and the UPU actively participates in discussions to enhance international trade in the digital age. By closely collaborating with governments and involving underrepresented communities in policy discussions, the UPU seeks to empower these groups and ensure their active participation in shaping policies and strategies.

Elena Fernández Rodríguez

During the discussion, the speakers covered various interconnected topics related to postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). They emphasized the importance of supporting postal infrastructure as essential for trade and growth, especially for MSMEs. MSMEs make up over 90% of businesses in Spain and contribute 65% to the country’s GDP. Furthermore, it was noted that 42.4% of these MSMEs are owned by women. To address this, the speakers argued that investment in women-led businesses should be increased. They highlighted the significant investment gap between male-led and female-led businesses, amounting to a staggering £285 billion. It was also mentioned that data on investment in women-led businesses is crucial. Notably, female-led businesses have shown a better social and environmental impact, supporting the case for increased investment.

The speakers also discussed the challenges posed by digitization, training, and connectivity in the context of green and digital transformation. They expressed concern that these challenges could leave certain groups of people behind in the transformation process. Similarly, the negative impact of red tape and customs and trade barriers was highlighted, particularly for smaller companies. It was mentioned that 0.33% of Spanish GDP is lost due to red tape, and reducing trade barriers could have a significant positive impact on international GDP.

The establishment of a food delivery platform in 2020 was mentioned during the discussion. However, it was noted that currently, the platform is limited to operating in Spain and Portugal due to challenges with customs. This observation aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing inequalities (SDG 10), as the platform is not accessible to consumers outside these two countries.

The speakers underscored the significance of global cooperation through platforms like the Universal Postal Union (UPU). They highlighted the planned expansion of the Correos market, a platform that enables MSMEs to access markets, to include the entire Latin American region. This illustrates how UPU and similar institutions can provide a framework for geographically based engagements, fostering collaboration on a global scale.

Moreover, the vital role played by post offices as critical infrastructure was emphasized. Post offices have proven to be critical in delivering medications and other essential supplies, especially during challenging times. It was also mentioned that many postal operators, like Correos, are state-owned and are currently undergoing transformation, which requires adequate investment.

The discussion highlighted the importance of understanding the value chain and working in partnerships with governments, regulators, companies, and customs. Post offices, which are subject to the standards and trade barriers set by others, including customs and regulations, sometimes face challenges as they are not the ones determining these standards.

In conclusion, the speakers’ discussion covered various aspects of postal infrastructure, trade, growth, and MSMEs. They emphasized the need to support postal infrastructure for trade and growth, increase investment in women-led businesses, tackle challenges related to digitization, training, and connectivity, address red tape and trade barriers, and recognize the critical role of post offices as infrastructure. Their arguments were supported by various facts and examples, highlighting the importance of collaboration and partnerships in achieving sustainable and inclusive development.

Audience

The Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is offering its assistance in developing comprehensive project plans to expand postal systems. This initiative aims to attract more funding from donors, supporting the growth and improvement of postal services. The Director of the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation, who is the speaker in this context, has vast experience in dealing with donors regularly. This demonstrates their expertise and ability to effectively package project proposals that can secure financial support from donors.

In addition to the Global Alliance’s support, the audience at the event also expressed agreement regarding the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development. They emphasized that postal services play a significant role not only in trade facilitation but also in other sectors such as agriculture. For instance, a member of the audience from Côte d’Ivoire, a primarily agricultural country, highlighted the use of the postal system to promote local products. This illustrates the multifaceted impact and potential of postal systems in supporting economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals related to decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) and zero hunger (SDG 2).

Furthermore, the ambassador present at the event expressed their support for the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and its efforts in developing projects. They also expressed their desire to serve as a bridge between the UPU and their respective capitals. The representative of Rwanda, a country recognised for its accomplishments in postal system development, showcases a commitment to international collaboration and partnerships for the advancement of postal services. This aligns with SDG 9, which focuses on industry, innovation, and infrastructure, as well as SDG 17, which emphasises partnerships for the goals.

To summarise, the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation is ready to provide invaluable support in the form of well-packaged project plans to expand postal systems, aiming to attract financial support from donors. The consensus among the audience further emphasises the importance of enhancing the role of postal systems in economic development, with notable contributions in sectors such as agriculture. Lastly, the ambassador’s support for the UPU and their intention to facilitate collaboration between the UPU and their capitals exemplify the dedication to international partnerships for the betterment of postal services worldwide.

A

Audience

Speech speed

147 words per minute

Speech length

628 words

Speech time

257 secs

EF

Elena Fernández Rodríguez

Speech speed

124 words per minute

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1399 words

Speech time

678 secs

MW

Matthew Wilson

Speech speed

188 words per minute

Speech length

3039 words

Speech time

968 secs

PI

Phlippe Isler (Moderator)

Speech speed

168 words per minute

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2231 words

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796 secs

SS

Siva Somasundram

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179 words per minute

Speech length

331 words

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111 secs

SA

Susan Alexander

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159 words per minute

Speech length

1389 words

Speech time

524 secs

TU

Tadhim Uwizeye

Speech speed

154 words per minute

Speech length

2418 words

Speech time

940 secs

Employing AI for consumer grievance redressal mechanisms in e-commerce (CUTS)

Table of contents

Disclaimer: This is not an official record of the UNCTAD eWeek session. The DiploAI system automatically generates these resources from the audiovisual recording. Resources are presented in their original format, as provided by the AI (e.g. including any spelling mistakes). The accuracy of these resources cannot be guaranteed. The official record of the session can be found on the UNCTAD website.

Full session report

Marilia Maciel

The analysis explores different perspectives on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on consumer service and rights. One argument put forth is that AI can significantly improve resolution time and consumer service. It is highlighted that AI has no downtime or learning curve, making it an efficient tool for handling consumer complaints. Moreover, AI has the capability to analyse large volumes of complaints, enabling companies to allocate resources more effectively. Additionally, AI allows for predictive analysis, enabling problems to be solved before they reach the consumers. These points suggest that AI has the potential to enhance the overall consumer experience in terms of quick and effective issue resolution.

However, there have been instances where companies have chosen to rely solely on AI for customer service, refusing to switch to human interaction. This is seen as a negative trend, as it can lead to unsatisfactory consumer experiences. An example is mentioned of a personal experience with a car hailing and food delivery company, where the automated customer service system was the only means of communication and failed to resolve the problem.

The analysis also raises the issue of digital literacy and inequalities in different countries. It is stated that even in large countries like Brazil and India, there are varied levels of digital literacy. Many people are not aware of their rights to seek remedies, which suggests the need for international organisations to focus on smaller, less resourceful countries to address these digital disparities.

Furthermore, it is argued that AI needs to be tailored to cater to different needs and levels of digital literacy. This includes incorporating different forms of input like voice and typing and providing options to seek human help when required. Such adaptations are crucial to ensure that AI solutions are accessible and beneficial for users with varying levels of digital literacy.

In addition, the analysis highlights the importance of ensuring that AI solutions work efficiently on mobile devices, given that a majority of people in developing countries access the internet through mobiles. This underscores the need for AI to be compatible with mobile technology to reach a wider audience and effectively deliver its benefits.

Another key point raised is the need for localised content and personalised solutions. It is emphasised that tailored content is critical in understanding and solving problems. This highlights the importance of considering cultural and regional contexts when implementing AI solutions to address consumer issues.

Lastly, the analysis acknowledges that offline options and human-entity interaction should be provided as part of the consumer redress mechanism. It is noted that many people in developing countries may not be comfortable with solving issues online, and trust can be enhanced through face-to-face interaction. This suggests the need for a balanced approach that combines AI with traditional offline methods to accommodate diverse consumer preferences.

Overall, the analysis presents a comprehensive examination of the impact of AI on consumer service and rights. It highlights the potential benefits of AI in improving resolution time and service quality, while also addressing concerns related to the lack of human interaction, digital literacy inequalities, and the need for personalised solutions. By considering these different perspectives, stakeholders can make informed decisions on how to effectively integrate AI into consumer service and ensure fair and accessible assistance for all.

Teresa Moreira

During the discussion on consumer protection and technology, several key topics were explored. One of the main points raised was the importance of online dispute resolution platforms. The speakers highlighted that businesses should make available complaints handling mechanisms to address consumer grievances effectively. By subscribing to domestic and international standards in this area, businesses can ensure fair resolutions and maintain consumer trust.

Cooperation agreements in the field of dispute resolution were also emphasized as promising. The speakers noted that out of the 108 countries that responded to the questionnaire, 34 countries have already established cooperation agreements. Furthermore, 78 countries have specific consumer law provisions on dispute resolution. These figures illustrate the increasing recognition of the need for cooperation and collaboration in resolving cross-border consumer disputes.

Concerns and challenges surrounding the use of technology in consumer protection were also discussed. It was noted that consumers tend to mistrust the online environment, which presents a barrier to the effective implementation of digital solutions. Additionally, businesses, especially smaller ones, need to overcome their hesitancy towards using technology and become more comfortable with its capabilities. Building trust among users and addressing technological concerns are crucial for advancing consumer protection measures in the digital era.

The regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) was another focal point of the discussion. The speakers acknowledged the potential of AI while highlighting the need to regulate associated risks. Initiatives such as the US executive order and the EU’s efforts to classify AI according to risk levels demonstrate ongoing efforts to strike a balance between leveraging AI’s potential and ensuring it is used responsibly to safeguard consumer rights.

The lack of standardization in AI applications was raised as a concern. It was noted that there is currently no standardized format for AI applications, which may hamper its future effectiveness. Establishing common guidelines and standards for AI can contribute to its responsible and ethical development, ensuring that it benefits consumers and society as a whole.

The speakers also stressed the importance of regional and international cooperation in consumer protection. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) was highlighted as the focal point for consumer protection within the United Nations. The promotion of knowledge and experience exchanges, particularly with advanced countries supporting resource-constrained ones, can foster effective consumer protection measures globally.

Lastly, the significance of multi-stakeholder focus groups in technological development was emphasized. This approach, which involves including consumers, businesses, and member states, ensures that the interests of all relevant stakeholders are considered. By engaging multiple perspectives, innovative solutions can be developed to address the evolving challenges in consumer protection.

In conclusion, the discussion on consumer protection and technology highlighted the need for effective measures in the digital age. Online dispute resolution platforms, cooperation agreements, regulation of AI, trust-building through technology, international cooperation, and multi-stakeholder engagement were all identified as key components in advancing consumer protection. By addressing these areas, policymakers and businesses can work towards creating a secure and trustworthy digital environment for consumers while promoting innovation and economic growth.

Kritika Sethi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a transformative impact on the dispute resolution landscape in India. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, technology played a minimal role in the Indian legal system. However, since the onset of the pandemic, various stakeholders, including the judiciary, governments, and lawyers, have embraced technology and incorporated AI into the resolution of disputes.

One significant development is the emergence of online dispute resolution (ODR) mechanisms that leverage AI. ODR, facilitated by AI, offers a significantly shorter timeline for resolving disputes compared to traditional methods. While court proceedings and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods could take years to reach a resolution, ODR aims to resolve disputes within 90 days. AI technology automates multiple steps in the process, such as serving notices and recording proceedings, enabling such efficiency. This expedited resolution of disputes benefits all parties involved, saving them time, resources, and unnecessary prolonged conflicts.

Furthermore, the integration of digital public infrastructure with grievance redressal mechanisms holds significant potential for the Indian market. A prime example of this is the United Payments Interface (UPI), which has revolutionized the Indian digital payments landscape. Similarly, the integration of digital public infrastructure could be transformative in streamlining the grievance redressal process. By creating an effective, accessible platform for resolving consumer disputes, similar to UPI, individuals will be empowered to seek redress for their grievances efficiently, leading to greater consumer satisfaction and trust in the market.

It is crucial to note that an efficient consumer grievance redressal mechanism plays a vital role in preventing conflicts from escalating into formal disputes. By addressing conflicts at their early stages, before they escalate, an effective mechanism can save time, effort, and costs for all parties involved while promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions. However, to achieve this, a robust consumer grievance redressal mechanism is necessary. This mechanism should be designed to address conflicts promptly and provide timely resolutions, utilizing technology and AI to enhance efficiency and effectiveness.

In conclusion, AI has brought about a paradigm shift in the Indian dispute resolution landscape. With the adoption of ODR and the integration of digital public infrastructure, India has the potential to enhance its legal system, ensuring swift and accessible resolution of disputes. By leveraging technology and AI, stakeholders can benefit from faster and more efficient resolutions, ultimately promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions in the country’s legal landscape.

Ujjwal Kumar

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool with the potential to revolutionise consumer governance. It offers several benefits, including improved efficiency, scalability, response times, and the delivery of justice. By leveraging AI, consumer governance mechanisms can be enhanced, making them more effective in resolving disputes and ensuring fair outcomes for consumers. Furthermore, AI can also facilitate the adoption of proper online dispute resolution (ODR) systems, enabling consumers to access mechanisms for resolving conflicts in a timely and effective manner.

However, alongside these advancements, it is crucial to acknowledge the risks associated with the use of AI in consumer governance. Concerns have been raised regarding data privacy, as AI systems rely heavily on consumer data, which may be susceptible to breaches or unauthorised access. Additionally, biases in AI decision-making processes, stemming from biased training data or algorithmic flaws, can have detrimental consequences. Over-reliance on technology may also result in a lack of human intervention or oversight, potentially undermining the overall fairness and ethicality of consumer governance. Furthermore, the possibility of cyber security threats presents a significant risk, as malicious actors could exploit vulnerabilities within AI systems, potentially crippling the entire consumer governance infrastructure.

Moreover, there has been a decline in priority given to consumer-driven businesses in some countries, particularly in India and Europe. This decrease in emphasis has been observed within the G20 discourse, particularly with the discontinuation of the G20 Consumer Summit. However, Ujjwal Kumar, an advocate for reviving the consumer-driven business mechanism, argues for its revitalisation within the G20 discourse. Kumar highlights the importance of consumer-driven businesses in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). To pursue this idea, Kumar has partnered with Brazilian authorities to garner support and attention towards this cause.

Additionally, the existence of a digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa poses challenges to the implementation of AI in consumer governance. Teresa Moreira points out the difficulties faced by sub-Saharan African countries, as well as small developing island states in the Caribbean and the Pacific, in bridging the digital divide. This digital divide underscores the importance of addressing infrastructural gaps and providing access to AI technologies to ensure inclusivity and equitable use of AI in consumer governance.

In response to the need for a comprehensive approach, India is promoting the concept of digital public infrastructure. This initiative aims to establish a robust foundation for digital services, including consumer-driven modules. One proposal is to incorporate a consumer rights literacy module in the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), which could enhance consumer awareness and protection. However, it is important to consider the possibility of a cultural divide arising from biases in AI training data, as this could perpetuate and amplify existing inequalities.

In conclusion, while AI holds immense potential for transforming consumer governance, it is crucial to address the associated risks and challenges. The decline in priority given to consumer-driven businesses highlights the need for renewed attention to this aspect within international forums such as the G20. Moreover, bridging the digital divide in sub-Saharan Africa and incorporating consumer-driven modules in digital public infrastructure initiatives, like the ONDC, are essential steps towards ensuring inclusive and effective implementation of AI in consumer governance. By striking the right balance, AI can be harnessed as a powerful tool to drive positive change and protect consumer rights in the modern digital era.

Rashika Narain

The analysis reveals several key findings regarding the capabilities of large language models and the challenges of integrating AI technology for consumer protection.

Large language models have evolved and can now perform various functions, such as calling APIs, recognizing images, and dealing with multiple languages. OpenAI has been working on these models, which have the potential to facilitate communication between sellers and buyers who speak different languages. This highlights their importance in enhancing global commerce.

However, integrating AI technology for consumer protection faces challenges due to the absence of standardized solutions. While open networks for digital commerce exist, they often lack consumer protection measures. To address this, state or regulatory bodies should encourage the development of standardized solutions and their integration with AI technology. This will enable effective scaling up of consumer grievances and resolution.

The use of AI in resolving consumer disputes can increase efficiency and provide contextual resolution. Different types of AI solutions are needed based on the nature of the dispute. Therefore, the availability of robust open data sets that contain contextual information becomes crucial for training or fine-tuning AI models.

Furthermore, the integration of AI alongside human escalation is recommended. Depending on the nature of the dispute, some cases may require AI assistance in forming case files and escalating quickly, while others could benefit from AI-assisted negotiation. This combination of AI and human intervention ensures a comprehensive approach to resolving consumer grievances.

Finally, technology should be considered the fifth layer in grievance redress, and mediators and arbitrators should receive training in utilizing it effectively. Online alternative dispute resolution requires a deep understanding of technology, with technology being referred to as the “fourth intermediary” in this context. By incorporating technology into the dispute resolution process, consumer grievances can be addressed more effectively.

In summary, the analysis highlights the advancements in large language models and their potential to perform various functions. However, integrating AI technology for consumer protection presents challenges that require standardized solutions. The use of AI can enhance efficiency in resolving consumer disputes, but different AI solutions are needed for different types of disputes. The integration of AI with human escalation and considering technology as the fifth layer in grievance redress are recommended approaches.

KS

Kritika Sethi

Speech speed

136 words per minute

Speech length

1077 words

Speech time

475 secs

MM

Marilia Maciel

Speech speed

185 words per minute

Speech length

2015 words

Speech time

653 secs

RN

Rashika Narain

Speech speed

176 words per minute

Speech length

912 words

Speech time

310 secs

TM

Teresa Moreira

Speech speed

131 words per minute

Speech length

2014 words

Speech time

925 secs

UK

Ujjwal Kumar

Speech speed

135 words per minute

Speech length

2144 words

Speech time

955 secs