UNCTAD eWeek 2023

Arguments

Giga is a connectivity initiative aiming to use the schools as a focus point to deliver universal connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Six million schools in the world need to be connected

• 500 million students have no access to the internet

• 2.6 billion people overall are still not connected

Topics: Education, Connectivity, The Giga Initiative

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Giga operates by mapping the location of schools, modeling the best way to connect those schools, and helping countries finance and contract for the connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Giga mapped schools in Sierra Leone

• It performed modeling in Zimbabwe to determine the best connectivity technology

• In Rwanda, Giga helped the government reduce the price of connectivity by providing pricing information

Topics: Education, Finance, Technology

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Giga plans to scale up via its Technology Center in Barcelona and its headquarters in Geneva

Supporting facts:

• The Technology Center in Barcelona will focus on building open-source products and tech for facilitating connectivity

• The Geneva headquarters will be home to a learning hub, a focus on finance, a project on blockchain and tech credits, and a procurement expertise center

Topics: Digital Technology, Connectivity, The Giga Initiative

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Report

The Giga Initiative is a connectivity project that aims to provide universal internet access to schools around the world. It addresses the critical issue of millions of schools lacking internet connectivity, with approximately six million schools in need of being connected.

This lack of connectivity affects 500 million students who do not have access to the internet. Furthermore, a staggering 2.6 billion people worldwide are still without any form of internet connection. The initiative operates by mapping the locations of schools to identify areas that require connectivity.

By doing so, Giga can determine the best technology to connect these schools. Through its efforts, Giga helps countries finance and contract for the required connectivity, ensuring that schools have the necessary resources to deliver internet access to their students.

This approach enables Giga to make significant progress in bridging the digital divide. Several examples highlight the successful implementation of Giga’s initiative. In Sierra Leone, Giga has undertaken the mapping of schools to identify areas that lack connectivity. This mapping enables targeted efforts to provide internet access where it is most needed.

In Zimbabwe, Giga has employed modeling techniques to assess and determine the most effective technology to deliver connectivity. This approach ensures that the connectivity solutions adopted are the most suitable for each school. In Rwanda, Giga’s involvement has been instrumental in reducing the price of connectivity, thereby making it more accessible to schools and students.

By providing pricing information, Giga has helped the government make informed decisions and take actions that positively impact connectivity costs. To expand its reach and impact, Giga has strategic plans in place. It intends to leverage its Technology Centre in Barcelona and its Geneva headquarters.

The Technology Centre in Barcelona will focus on developing open-source products and technologies that facilitate connectivity. This will contribute to the continuous enhancement and improvement of connectivity solutions. The Geneva headquarters will serve as a hub for learning, finance, blockchain, and procurement expertise.

These areas of focus highlight Giga’s commitment to the comprehensive approach required to address connectivity challenges. Overall, the sentiment towards Giga and its initiative is positive. The project’s aim to provide universal internet access through schools demonstrates a commendable commitment to advancing education and bridging the digital divide.

Through its mapping and modeling efforts, Giga ensures that connectivity is targeted and effective. By helping countries finance and contract for connectivity, Giga brings tangible solutions to the table. The planned expansion through the Technology Centre in Barcelona and the Geneva headquarters indicates a strategic approach toward scaling up the initiative.

Giga’s work holds significant potential for creating a more connected and inclusive world.

Arguments

The potential of connecting schools is significant for transforming education system and economic development

Supporting facts:

• The Giga initiative has implemented real-time connectivity monitoring which allows for immediate follow-ups when schools go offline

Topics: school connectivity, Giga initiative, real-time connectivity monitoring tool, education transformation, economic development

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Private sector collaboration is required for public-private partnership projects

Supporting facts:

• Speaker asked about specific needs where private sector collaboration is needed

• Mentioned possibility of collaboration through procurement or partnerships

Topics: Public-Private Partnerships, Collaboration, Private Sector Involvement

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Need for innovative solutions in UN system and establishment of strategic partnerships

Supporting facts:

• Saloni pointed out the need for innovative solutions for partnerships in the UN system

• Interest expressed in finding out about potential for long-term projects and partnerships, as well as supply chain levels

Topics: UN System, Strategic Partnerships, Innovation

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Digital literacy is crucial before connectivity for proper awareness

Supporting facts:

• If we bring the digital literacy before the connectivity

Topics: Digital Literacy, Connectivity

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Financial literacy is also an important aspect

Supporting facts:

• If we bring digital financials for financial literacy

Topics: Financial Literacy

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Report

The discussions revolved around the potential of connecting schools as a means to transform the education system and drive economic development. This initiative, known as the Giga initiative, has implemented real-time connectivity monitoring, allowing for immediate follow-ups when schools go offline.

This was seen as a positive development that could have a significant impact. However, it was also noted that the sustainability of connectivity models is crucial for maintaining and maximizing the transformative potential of school connectivity. Further details or evidence to support this stance were not provided, so it remains to be explored how this sustainability can be achieved effectively.

Private sector collaboration was identified as a key factor in successful public-private partnership projects. Specifically, the need for collaboration through procurement or partnerships was highlighted. It was argued that the private sector’s involvement is necessary to drive these projects forward, indicating a positive sentiment towards such collaborations.

The importance of finding innovative solutions and establishing strategic partnerships within the UN system was stressed. There was interest in exploring the potential for long-term projects and partnerships, as well as understanding supply chain levels. This highlights a positive sentiment towards innovation and the need for strategic partnerships.

Cooperation and partnerships between international organizations were commended, with one speaker referring to a project as a “shining example” of such collaboration. This indicates a positive sentiment towards such cooperation and recognizes its value in achieving goals. Digital literacy was identified as a crucial aspect that needs to be prioritized before connectivity for proper awareness.

The relevance and importance of this point were stated, without further elaboration or evidence provided. Financial literacy was also recognized as an important aspect, although no specific details or evidence were mentioned to support this argument. The challenges of improving education, especially in Africa, were highlighted.

One speaker referenced a significant failure rate in their country’s exam, emphasizing the need for attention and improvement in this area. This reflects a negative sentiment towards the current state of education in Africa. The need to make those involved in the education system aware of the benefits and their role in its success was stressed.

It was noted that keeping the individuals involved aware could address root causes and contribute to a solution. This highlights a positive sentiment towards creating awareness and promoting self-dependency. Lastly, the roles of the international community, government, and private sector in maintaining the system were emphasized.

It was suggested that when certain individuals or entities are absent, there can be negative consequences for the system. This indicates a neutral sentiment, without assigning blame but acknowledging the importance of all stakeholders in maintaining education systems. In conclusion, the discussions highlighted the potential of connecting schools to transform education and promote economic development.

The sustainability of connectivity models, private sector collaboration, strategic partnerships, and innovative solutions were recognized as important factors in achieving these goals. The need for digital and financial literacy, as well as addressing the challenges in education, particularly in Africa, were highlighted.

Creating awareness and fostering cooperation between international organizations, the government, and the private sector were also seen as crucial in maintaining the education system. It is important to note that while some arguments were supported by evidence or specific examples, others lacked further details or evidence.

This indicates potential areas for future research or exploration to fully understand the impact and effectiveness of certain initiatives and approaches discussed.

Arguments

IHS Towers decided to support the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative because of the overlap in missions between connecting remote areas to internet and the company’s role as a backbone of connectivity throughout the emerging markets.

Supporting facts:

• IHS Towers builds and creates the tower structure where mobile network operators lease the space to put their 3G, 4G, and 5G equipment.

• The company operates in markets with weak grid, so it creates hybrid power systems.

• Education is one of the four pillars of IHS Tower’s sustainability program.

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Emerging markets, IHS Towers, GIGA Initiative

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IHS Towers sees a strong connection between connectivity, education and economic development

Supporting facts:

• IHS Towers manages 40,000 towers throughout the emerging markets

• Focus on rural talks about telephony

• Recently rolled out over 480 rural towers

Topics: Giga mission, Rural connectivity, Telephony

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Sustainable development and maximizing use of towers are priorities for IHS Towers

Supporting facts:

• Working on powering remote rural areas with solar and battery power systems

• Concept of adding IT services in recycled shipping containers at tower sites

• Addition of cell phone charging units at tower sites

Topics: Sustainability, Resource Optimization

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Corporations should share data to support governments in connecting schools in underserved areas

Supporting facts:

• Data is a valuable piece of information that can be shared to contribute in efforts of connecting schools

• Corporations have specific data that they can comfortably share without compromising their operations or customer privacy

• She mentioned about sharing of tower data by her company with the Giga team in six countries over the past two years

Topics: Data Sharing, School Connectivity, Public-Private Partnership

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Local community growth can be encouraged through corporate actions like internship programs

Supporting facts:

• Partnering with local universities and technical institutions for internship programs can be beneficial for corporations as well as local communities

• This initiative of nurturing and hiring local talent can strengthen a corporation’s social license to operate

Topics: Corporate Social Responsibility, Internship Programs, Community Development

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Partnerships with tower companies ensure long term connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Once towers are built, they stay for foreseeable future

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Infrastructure, Partnership

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Usage rates influence private sector investment in connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Operators will go to places where customers will buy packages

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Private Sector Investment, Usage Rates

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Connecting the world’s most unconnected sometimes involves villages

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Rural Development, Accessibility

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The importance of digital literacy in the use of the Internet

Supporting facts:

• Using a network, having Internet access, but not the tools to use it is actually horrifying

Topics: Digital Literacy, Internet Access, Training

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Need for training for SMEs or entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Digital literacy could involve potential training for SMEs or entrepreneurs on how to start a business, access medical care or e-banking

Topics: Training, Small and Medium Enterprises, Entrepreneurs

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Using creative methods for continued investment in emerging markets

Supporting facts:

• A science museum in Rwanda is an example of thinking creatively

• The focus on upskilling local labor forces

• Thinking about how additional elements can contribute to building a society

Topics: Private sector investment, Education, Local labor upskilling, Established institutions investment

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Report

IHS Towers, a company operating in emerging markets, has expressed its support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative. The company shares a mission with the initiative, as they both aim to connect remote areas to the internet. IHS Towers believes that connectivity is crucial for education and economic development.

To support their mission, IHS Towers has sponsored STEM and IT labs in emerging markets and shared tower data to connect schools in remote regions. They are also committed to sustainable development and maximizing the use of their towers. This includes powering remote rural areas with solar and battery power systems, and exploring innovative ideas like adding IT services in recycled shipping containers at tower sites.

IHS Towers emphasizes the importance of corporations sharing data to support government efforts in connecting schools. They have already shared tower data with the Giga team in six countries, contributing to the connectivity of schools in underserved areas. In addition, IHS Towers prioritizes corporate social responsibility and community development.

They have partnered with local universities and technical institutions to establish internship programs, which benefit both the corporations and the local communities. This approach strengthens the corporation’s social license to operate. The company recognizes the long-term impact of partnerships with tower companies for sustained connectivity.

Once towers are built, they remain in place, making partnerships crucial. Private sector investment in connectivity is influenced by usage rates. IHS Towers acknowledges that operators are more likely to invest in areas where customers are willing to buy data packages.

The company is dedicated to connecting remote villages, as they understand the challenges involved in bridging the digital divide. Digital literacy is another aspect emphasized by IHS Towers. They emphasize the importance of having the necessary skills to fully utilize internet access.

Continued investment in emerging markets is vital for community growth. IHS Towers encourages thinking creatively and finding innovative ways to invest in these markets, including upskilling local labor forces and encouraging established institutions to establish affiliated universities. In summary, IHS Towers actively promotes connectivity and digital literacy in emerging markets through their support for the ITU-UNICEF GIGA initiative, sponsorship of STEM and IT labs, data sharing, and sustainable solutions.

They prioritize corporate social responsibility, community development, and the nurturing of local talent. Their commitment to these principles contributes to their goal of connecting the unconnected and making a positive impact in these regions.

Arguments

Bringing connectivity to schools can unlock barriers that hinder the larger community from coming online

Supporting facts:

• Internet Society discusses about connecting communities and school is a part of these communities

• A school being part of the community, when connected to the internet, will benefit the whole community

Topics: School Connectivity, Internet Access, Community Benefit

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Importance of data sharing for the growth and development of corporates and communities

Supporting facts:

• Carolina shared that they’ve shared over 30,000 tower locations with the Giga team in the past two years with plans for expansion in South Africa and Brazil.

Topics: Data Sharing, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), Internet Rollout, 3G Network, 4G Network, 5G Network

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Internship models help local communities grow

Supporting facts:

• Carolina mentioned having an operational internship program in all countries they work in, which proved fruitful for hiring and training local talent and contributing to local communities.

Topics: Internship Programs, Talent Development, Local Universities, Job Creation

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Community involvement is crucial in keeping schools connected after the initial project ends

Supporting facts:

• Many connectivity projects fail to sustain after initial funding is over

• School budgets often cannot afford the operational cost of connectivity

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Schools, Community Involvement

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Report

Connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring significant benefits to the wider community. The internet is a powerful tool that can overcome barriers and challenges that prevent the larger community from accessing online resources. Christine Sund, an advocate for connectivity in schools, believes that this connection allows not only schools but also health centers and community centers to have internet access.

By providing these institutions with internet access, they can provide better services to the community and access a wider range of resources that benefit the community as a whole. Data sharing is also crucial for the growth and development of both corporations and communities.

Carolina, for example, has shared over 30,000 tower locations with the Giga team in the past two years, with plans for expansion in South Africa and Brazil. This data sharing not only facilitates the expansion of internet infrastructure but also promotes collaboration and innovation.

By sharing valuable information, corporations and communities can work together to achieve common goals and drive progress. Internship programs play a vital role in helping local communities grow. Carolina, for instance, has implemented operational internship programs in all the countries they work in.

These programs have proven effective in hiring and training local talent, ultimately contributing to the economic growth and development of these communities. Christine Sund herself acknowledges the value of internships, particularly for individuals trying to secure their first jobs. She highlights the challenges faced by young people in Africa when it comes to getting their foot in the door, emphasizing the positive impact that internships can have in addressing this issue.

While connecting schools to the internet is essential, sustaining this connectivity after the initial project ends can be challenging. Many connectivity projects fail to be sustained once the initial funding runs out, as school budgets often cannot cover the operational costs of maintaining connectivity.

This is where community involvement becomes crucial. Carolina promotes the idea of communities taking the initiative in connectivity with external help. They argue that businesses within these communities are better equipped to sustain the network, ensuring that the benefits of internet connectivity continue to reach schools and the wider community.

In conclusion, connecting schools to the internet has the potential to bring numerous benefits to the wider community. It breaks down barriers to online access and enables other institutions, such as health centers and community centers, to join the digital age.

Data sharing fosters growth and collaboration, while internship programs help local communities develop by nurturing local talent. However, community involvement is crucial in sustaining school connectivity beyond the initial project. By working together and taking the initiative, businesses within communities can ensure that the benefits of internet connectivity are enjoyed by all.

Arguments

The Internet Society believes in partnerships for connectivity.

Supporting facts:

• The Internet Society is a non-profit organization created by the pioneers of the Internet 32, 33 years ago

• Internet Society works with people in technology, policy makers and organizations involved in capacity building

Topics: Internet connectivity, Partnerships, Non-profit

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Internet Society aims to provide connectivity to remote areas using community networks.

Supporting facts:

• They have been working in community networks in Zimbabwe, in South Africa in remote areas

• Remote communities are used to solving their own problems and the Internet Society promotes that they also solve their connectivity problems for themselves

Topics: Internet connectivity, Community networks, Remote areas

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Schools in developing countries often become a source of social instability due to poor education quality

Supporting facts:

• In Ethiopia, there are 30 million students. The quality of education is not good, resulting in a large number of job seekers, who are not good enough to boost the economy

• Many students, particularly from rural areas, move to cities and are easily influenced by extremist groups, creating instability

Topics: Education Quality, Social Instability, Developing Countries

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Enhancing the quality of education is vital

Supporting facts:

• Bad education can be worse than no education, according to Dawit Bekele

• Most students in Ethiopia don’t have access to textbooks, limiting their access to quality education

Topics: Education Quality, Economic Development

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Education quality in Ethiopia is lower, with less than 4% of students passing the exams in the last two years

Supporting facts:

• In the last two years, less than four percent of the students have passed the exams.

Topics: Education in Ethiopia, Examination pass rate

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Schools, especially in the developing world, are still unconnected to the internet and this is seen as a huge problem

Supporting facts:

• Every country had this kind of project but we are very far from connecting every school

• Schools have many issues and connectivity is just one

Topics: E-connectivity, Internet Connectivity

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Schools cannot afford the operational cost of internet connectivity, therefore the initiative should come from the community and businesses

Supporting facts:

• Often, school is connected and when the fund is over, they are no more connected

• The budget of a village school cannot afford to sustain internet connectivity

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Community

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Sustainability is vital and countries and communities themselves are responsible for it

Supporting facts:

• It is the countries, the communities themselves who will sustain GIGA and for that, they really have to be convinced that it is critical for them

Topics: Sustainability, Community Empowerment

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Countries need political and community level commitment for sustainability

Supporting facts:

• When there is commitment at political level, but also at the community level, and communities would contribute financially for connectivity

Topics: Political Commitment, Community Level Commitment

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Keeping quality education or improving it is a constant struggle.

Supporting facts:

• Even countries with good educational systems struggle to maintain it; recent PISA rankings saw many developed countries’ rankings fall

Topics: Education, Quality

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Connectivity is probably the biggest equalizer for connectivity around the world.

Supporting facts:

• Dawit Bekele’s own experience with online education was significantly better than traditional due to accessibility of resources

Topics: Connectivity, Internet Access, Education

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Report

The Internet Society, a non-profit organisation, advocates for partnerships to improve internet connectivity. They collaborate with technology experts, policy-makers, and organisations involved in capacity building to promote connectivity globally. Their goal is to provide internet access to remote areas using community networks, recognising the self-sufficiency of these communities in solving their own connectivity challenges.

However, they also highlight the policy and regulatory obstacles that hinder internet connectivity, particularly in remote regions where both technological and regulatory issues need to be addressed. Quality education is a major challenge in developing countries like Ethiopia, leading to social instability and limited access to textbooks.

With approximately 30 million students in Ethiopia, the lack of quality education results in a large number of unskilled job seekers. Furthermore, students from rural areas often migrate to cities and can be easily influenced by extremist groups, exacerbating social instability.

The Internet Society emphasises the significance of enhancing the quality of education for the overall development of these countries. The distribution of education resources in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia, is inefficient and challenging. Distributing books to the 30 million students in Ethiopia is a daunting task, especially in rural areas with poor road connectivity.

Even after curriculum changes, students still lack access to textbooks, negatively impacting the quality of education. Recent data shows that less than four percent of students in Ethiopia have passed their exams in the last two years, highlighting the inadequacy of education quality.

To address these challenges, the Internet Society proposes leveraging technological advancements in education and providing internet connectivity to remote schools. They argue that connectivity is crucial for ensuring the availability of quality books, which can be made accessible digitally and in a timely manner.

However, despite the potential benefits, many schools in developing countries, particularly in remote regions, continue to lack internet connectivity, posing a significant obstacle to achieving quality education. It is crucial to recognise that internet connectivity for schools should be viewed as a necessity rather than a luxury.

Many connectivity projects are often completed without adequate follow-up due to resource limitations or a lack of prioritisation. Internet connectivity should be considered an integral part of a school’s mission. However, many schools cannot afford the operational costs associated with internet connectivity.

Therefore, initiatives should come from the community and businesses that can support the necessary infrastructure financially. The Internet Society emphasises the importance of sustainability, highlighting that countries and communities themselves play a vital role in maintaining connectivity. While efforts like GIGA can provide technological support and create awareness, the initiative to connect schools to the internet should originate from the local communities.

Sustainability requires commitment at both the political and community levels, including financial contributions from the communities for connectivity. The private sector is also encouraged to view supporting connectivity as a corporate social responsibility, as schools produce the human resources that businesses will eventually need.

Furthermore, universal service funds, which are often underutilised, can be effectively utilised to connect schools and improve access to education. Overall, improving the quality of education remains an ongoing challenge, and internet connectivity holds the promise of bridging the educational gap in developing countries.

While developing nations may not have the resources to build large physical libraries, the internet provides access to the largest electronic libraries available. Through partnerships, policy reforms, community involvement, and technological advancements, the Internet Society aims to address these challenges and unlock the potential of quality education for all.

Arguments

Spain attracted by the GIGA initiative due to SDG4

Supporting facts:

• Spain finds GIGA initiative valuable for working towards SDG4 and the belief in digital transformation as a transformative tool for inclusive, sustainable development.

• Spain has been very active and proactive in discussions of the digital global compact.

Topics: Giga Initiative, Spain, SDG4, Sustainable Development

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Digital tools can help leapfrog development

Supporting facts:

• Spain believes digital tools will provide the means to leapfrog, not just advance.

• She mentions that we are currently lagging in reaching the SDGs and sees digitalization as a way to bridge that gap.

Topics: Spain, Digital Transformation, Development

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Excitement for future collaboration with ITU in GIGA term

Supporting facts:

• Spain is hoping to bring an interesting addition with ITU at the Global Refugee Forum related to the GIGA project.

Topics: Giga Initiative, Spain, ITU, Global Refugee Forum

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Report

Spain has shown a keen interest in the Giga Initiative due to its strong alignment with SDG4, which focuses on quality education. They firmly believe that digital transformation is a crucial tool for achieving inclusive and sustainable development. Spain recognises the value of the Giga Initiative in working towards SDG4 and views digital transformation as a transformative tool in achieving their development goals.

This showcases Spain’s proactive attitude and dedication to advancing digitalization for the betterment of society. Furthermore, Spain greatly appreciates the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of the Giga Initiative. In addition to participating in multilateral efforts at the United Nations and Europe, Spain is actively engaging different actors within their own country.

They believe that the involvement of various stakeholders, including the private sector, local communities, and national governments, is essential for successful development. By integrating these actors, Spain aims to foster collaboration and create a comprehensive approach that addresses the needs of all parties involved.

Recognizing the need to bridge the gap in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Spain sees digital tools as an opportunity to leapfrog development. They emphasize the transformative potential of digitalization in accelerating progress towards the SDGs. Spain acknowledges that the current pace of development is insufficient and believes that digitalization can play a vital role in closing this gap.

The choice of Barcelona as the location for the Giga Initiative is considered highly beneficial. Spain highlights the city’s abundance of human capital and vibrant environment as significant advantages. Barcelona’s scientific and private sectors provide ideal conditions for collaboration and innovation, making it an attractive hub for the Giga Initiative.

Spain is also excited about the opportunity for future collaboration with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the Giga project, particularly in relation to the Global Refugee Forum. Spain hopes to bring an interesting addition to the Giga project by collaborating with the ITU at this forum.

This demonstrates Spain’s enthusiasm for expanding partnerships and exploring new avenues for collaboration within the Giga Initiative. In conclusion, Spain’s strong interest in the Giga Initiative is driven by its alignment with SDG4 and the belief in digital transformation as a transformative tool for inclusive and sustainable development.

Spain’s appreciation for the multilateral and multistakeholder approach of Giga, their recognition of digital tools as a means to leapfrog development, and the benefits of Barcelona as the chosen location, further underline their commitment to achieving their development goals. Spain’s excitement for future collaboration with the ITU in the Giga project reinforces their dedication to innovative partnerships within this initiative.

Arguments

Perception of internet connectivity challenge for schools has significantly evolved

Supporting facts:

• In the last 10 years, Internet connectivity became an essential tool for education

• COVID-19 accelerated this perception shift by highlighting the digital divide through necessity for remote learning

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Education, Digital Divide

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Successful partnerships require shared vision and mutual understanding of partners’ strengths and expertise

Supporting facts:

• Saloni Korlimarla mentions that successful partnerships require all parties to come together with a shared vision towards children and a mutual understanding of each other’s strengths and expertise.

• Examples of successful partnerships include the one with IHS Towers, and government of Spain, Catalonia, Barcelona, and Switzerland.

Topics: Partnerships, Connectivity, Public sector, Private sector

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Innovation is fundamental to GIGA’s mission

Supporting facts:

• GIGA functions like a tech startup within the UN system

• GIGA leverages technical expertise from ITU and UNICEF

Topics: Innovation, GIGA, UN

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GIGA is able to implement innovations quickly due to existing relationships with governments

Supporting facts:

• Existing relationships with governments in various countries make it easier to roll out innovations quickly

Topics: GIGA, Government Relations, Implementation

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App developed by GIGA provides real-time connectivity status

Supporting facts:

• The app provides real-time connectivity updates and can be installed on a user device at the school

Topics: GIGA, Technology, Connectivity

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Successful deployment and application of GIGA’s innovations in Kazakhstan

Supporting facts:

• The app has been deployed in 5,000 schools in Kazakhstan, around 70% of all schools in the country

Topics: Kazakhstan, GIGA, Innovation, Deployment

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Connectivity provision needs to be financially viable for telecom companies

Supporting facts:

• Telecom companies are reluctant to provide connectivity at a financial loss

Topics: telecom companies, financial viability, connectivity provision

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Incentives, like connectivity credits, can encourage telecom companies to invest in remote connectivity

Supporting facts:

• Giga is developing a new product called ‘connectivity credits’ that links government incentives to service provision by ISPs

Topics: connectivity credits, incentives, remote connectivity, telecom companies

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Private sector needs to see provision of remote connectivity as a viable market

Supporting facts:

• Without a commercial incentive, private sector may not invest

Topics: private sector, viable market, remote connectivity

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An investment fund is needed to stimulate connectivity provision

Supporting facts:

• Giga is considering an investment fund to stimulate connectivity provision

Topics: investment fund, connectivity provision

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There is need for more partners to join Giga in its mission to provide internet connectivity to students

Supporting facts:

• Giga has connected 2.4 million students and nearly 6,000 schools to the Internet in the past four years

• 1.3 billion children remain offline

Topics: Internet Connectivity, Education, Partnerships

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Report

In the last decade, there has been a significant evolution in the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools. It is now widely recognised that internet connectivity plays an essential role in education. This shift in perception has been further highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has necessitated the adoption of remote learning and exposed the digital divide that exists in access to connectivity.

Efforts by organisations such as GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF have been instrumental in connecting schools by collaborating with governments. These partnerships aim to address the connectivity gap by placing it at the top of educational agendas. The success of these partnerships relies on the importance of having a shared vision and a mutual understanding of each other’s strengths and expertise.

One notable example is the collaboration between GIGA and IHS Towers, which has resulted in the development of an app that not only provides funding but also offers technical assistance and data. The data provided by IHS Towers is used to calculate the distance of a school from the nearest cell tower and estimate the cost of connecting a school using different technologies.

A key element in ensuring connectivity for schools is the collaboration between the public and private sectors. The approach needs to be multi-sectoral, with both sectors coming together to address the connectivity challenges that cannot be resolved within the classroom itself.

GIGA operates as a tech startup within the UN system and leverages technical expertise from ITU and UNICEF. Its existing relationships with governments in various countries enable the quick implementation of innovations. GIGA has developed an app that provides real-time connectivity updates and can be installed on user devices in schools.

This app has been successfully deployed in 5,000 schools in Kazakhstan, covering around 70% of all schools in the country. Additionally, GIGA is actively exploring the development of new products, such as “connectivity credits,” which link government incentives to service provision by Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

These incentives can encourage telecom companies to invest in remote connectivity, even if they may be hesitant to do so due to financial concerns. To further stimulate connectivity provision, GIGA is considering the implementation of an investment fund. This fund would aim to provide the necessary financial resources to support connectivity initiatives.

The ultimate goal is to incentivise telecom companies and other stakeholders to contribute to the mission of connecting more students and schools to the internet, thus contributing to the achievement of SDG 4 (Quality Education). In conclusion, the perception of internet connectivity as a challenge for schools has significantly evolved.

Efforts by organisations like GIGA, ITU, and UNICEF, in collaboration with governments, have played a crucial role in addressing the digital divide. Successful partnerships, a multi-sectoral approach, and the development of innovative solutions, such as the app developed by GIGA, have shown promising results in connecting schools and improving educational opportunities.

However, there is still a long way to go, with 1.3 billion children remaining offline. By incentivising telecom companies and fostering increased partnerships, GIGA aims to connect more students and schools to the internet, making a significant contribution to achieving SDG 4 and ensuring quality education for all.

Arguments

Pacific E-commerce portal has been developed to provide comprehensive e-commerce related data for the Pacific Island countries.

Supporting facts:

• The portal is a knowledge repository having four sections: Development, Resources, News, and Statistics.

• The portal was developed in partnership with SPC.

• The portal provides information about e-commerce projects, strategies, assessments, and other relevant publications.

• The Pacific E-commerce database in the portal contains over 40 indicators related to ICT infrastructure and services.

Topics: E-commerce, Data Management, Pacific Island Countries

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The portal is aimed at facilitating evidence-based policymaking in e-commerce.

Supporting facts:

• Data can be quickly downloaded from the portal for analysis and comparison.

• Internet coverage, usage, and data cost can be compared to guide policy interventions.

Topics: E-Commerce, Policymaking, Data-driven decision making

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Importance of regionalism in Pacific e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• Pacific e-commerce initiative as a product of multi-stakeholder collaboration

• The formulation of Pacific e-commerce regional strategy in collaboration with various partners

• The ability of regionalism to serve all of the Pacific members at once by creating semi-public goods

• The harnessing of resources to create harmonization and standardization in digital trade negotiations

Topics: digital trade, regional organization, strategic collaboration

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Business Toolkits can be found on the portal, which are designed to be beneficial for businesses, particularly targeting micro and small businesses in remote areas. These toolbooks are developed based on demand

Supporting facts:

• These tools go beyond developing guidelines, creating meaningful interactions for businesses

• Offered as a full-fledged program

• Can be tailored according to specific needs, such as for Fiji

Topics: Business Toolkits, Micro and Small Businesses

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Strategies, assessments and reports for qualitative aspects can be found in the library repository of the portal

Supporting facts:

• These have been developed by national and international experts

• They provide in-depth information beyond data

Topics: Quality Assessment, Reports, Strategies

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Report

The Pacific E-commerce portal is a valuable resource that has been developed to provide comprehensive e-commerce-related data for Pacific Island countries. It serves as a knowledge repository, offering four sections dedicated to development, resources, news, and statistics. Within this portal, there is a specific focus on ICT infrastructure and services, with over 40 indicators being provided in the Pacific E-commerce database.

This database acts as a valuable source of information for policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders interested in e-commerce in the Pacific region. One of the key objectives of the portal is to facilitate evidence-based policymaking in the field of e-commerce.

By providing quick access to data that can be easily downloaded and analyzed, policymakers are able to make informed decisions. For example, data on internet coverage, usage, and data costs can be compared to guide policy interventions. This emphasis on data-driven decision-making is crucial in promoting the sustainable development of e-commerce in the Pacific Island countries.

Furthermore, the portal acknowledges that while data availability itself may not be a problem, the challenge lies in the fact that the data is often scattered and difficult to access. Therefore, the Pacific E-commerce portal aims to centralise and consolidate the relevant data and make it easily accessible to all interested parties.

This improves efficiency and effectiveness in policymaking processes. The importance of regional collaboration is also highlighted in the context of e-commerce development. The Pacific e-commerce initiative is a result of multi-stakeholder collaboration, with a regional strategy being formulated in partnership with various organisations and partners.

By harnessing resources and creating harmonisation and standardisation in digital trade negotiations, regionalism can serve all Pacific members simultaneously, benefiting the entire region as a whole. Another aspect of the portal worth noting is the inclusion of Business Toolkits. These toolkits are specifically designed to benefit micro and small businesses, particularly those in remote areas.

The toolkits go beyond providing guidelines by creating meaningful interactions for businesses. They can be tailored to specific needs and are intended to support the growth and development of micro and small businesses in the e-commerce sector. In addition to quantitative data, the portal also houses a library repository of strategies, assessments, and reports that focus on qualitative aspects of e-commerce.

These resources have been developed by national and international experts and provide in-depth information beyond just raw data. This ensures a holistic approach to e-commerce development, taking into consideration both quantitative and qualitative factors. Lastly, the portal recognises the importance of protecting creative industries and copyrights, which represents a new topic on the Pacific agenda.

The Pacific Policy Makers course, updated annually, covers this topic and underscores the significance of safeguarding these industries in the region. In conclusion, the Pacific E-commerce portal serves as a valuable resource for Pacific Island countries, providing comprehensive e-commerce-related data and knowledge.

By facilitating evidence-based policymaking, promoting regional collaboration, supporting micro and small businesses, providing qualitative resources, and emphasising the protection of creative industries, the portal plays a crucial role in fostering the development of e-commerce in the Pacific region.

Arguments

The audience member is questioning the usefulness of purely quantitative data without qualitative and ‘on the ground’ context

Supporting facts:

• Says there are social, cultural, logistical factors that can’t be captured by a purely quantitative approach

• Stresses the importance of understanding the realities on the ground for policy makers

Topics: Data Collection, Policy Making, Trade Rules

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The portal needs to increase its outreach to disadvantaged Pacific businesses and consumers

Supporting facts:

• Many businesses and industries in the Pacific regions have challenges in internet access

• Enhancing the portal’s outreach can help Pacific businesses utilize it more

Topics: rural communities, internet access, Pacific businesses, e-commerce

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Report

The analysis covers various topics, including data collection, trade rules, internet access, and promoting niche products in international markets. One perspective highlighted is that of an audience member who questions the usefulness of purely quantitative data without qualitative and contextual understanding.

The audience member emphasises that social, cultural, and logistical factors cannot be captured solely through quantitative approaches. They stress the importance of understanding the realities on the ground when formulating policies. This viewpoint is presented with a negative sentiment. Another argument put forward is that the trade rules presented are not applicable or useful to the Pacific Islands.

It is claimed that trade officials and other relevant officials in the Pacific Islands find these rules irrelevant and unworkable. The speaker argues that there might be alternative ways to achieve digital development strategies rather than adhering to these rules.

The sentiment associated with this argument is negative. In terms of internet access, it is highlighted that many businesses and industries in the Pacific regions face challenges in this area. The analysis suggests that the portal should increase its outreach to disadvantaged Pacific businesses and consumers to effectively address these challenges.

The sentiment regarding this issue is neutral. Additionally, it is suggested that the portal should support the promotion of niche products from the Pacific in the European market, specifically in Europe. The analysis indicates that the portal can leverage e-commerce to assist in the development of niche products.

It is stated that the Pacific region aims to enhance its presence of niche products in the European market. This perspective is presented with a positive sentiment. Overall, the analysis provides insights into the importance of qualitative understanding in data collection, the relevance of trade rules to the Pacific Islands, the need for improved internet access outreach, and the potential for promoting niche products in international markets.

Arguments

The Pacific e-commerce project aligns with SPC’s goal of sustainable Pacific development through science, knowledge and information.

Supporting facts:

• SPC is the principal technical and scientific organization in the region, offering services such as disaster recovery, backup, and information access.

• The Pacific Data Hub holds 796 data sets and 11,586 publications from over 100 different organizations, including both national and international bodies.

Topics: ecommerce, Sustainable Development

---

Evelyn Wareham explains SPC’s strategy to provide support to small countries

Supporting facts:

• SPC assists countries to run their census of population and housing

• World Bank, IMF and other development partners also assist

• Assistance includes data processing and analysis, generating reports, compiling GDP and rebasing price indices

Topics: SPC, Statistical support, Niue, Capacity development

---

Need to maintain regular updates of e-commerce indicators to help Pacific Island countries measure their growth

Supporting facts:

• Work is ongoing for harvesting new data for 2020 to 2022 to 2024 and beyond

• Aim to improve data availability for some of the existing indicators

• Looking at automating international reporting requirements

Topics: e-commerce, data updates, growth measurement

---

Business surveys could provide more detailed economic statistics

Supporting facts:

• SBC has been considering ways to support countries with business surveys

• Few countries are running business surveys and need help with design and execution

Topics: business surveys, economic statistics

---

Interest in exploring big data sources for a richer picture of e-commerce transactions

Supporting facts:

• Have seen good examples of marketplace explorers in Asia and Latin America

• Potential to expand those platforms to include Pacific Island countries

Topics: big data, e-commerce transactions

---

Need for additional funding to achieve these future milestones

Supporting facts:

• The plan is a bit beyond the current resources and requires both staff and additional technical capacity

• Willing to seek help from donors and development partners

Topics: additional funding, future milestones

---

The data gives a broad descriptive picture but its value increases when combined with analysis, reports, and research.

Supporting facts:

• The e-commerce portal and the Pacific Data Hub provide statistical indicators alongside reports for analysis

• Combining data with other insights helps in understanding the numbers and trends better

Topics: data analysis, research, data reports

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Report

The Pacific e-commerce project is aligned with the goal of sustainable Pacific development through science, knowledge, and information. However, challenges in collecting e-commerce data include issues with data availability, licensing, and accessibility, which hinder accurate measurement of e-commerce activities in the region.

Additionally, capacity limitations in Pacific data collection due to the small size of countries and their National Statistics Offices limit their ability to produce timely and comprehensive economic statistics. To address these challenges, the Pacific Community (SPC) provides hands-on assistance and capacity development to small countries, including running censuses, data processing and analysis, and generating reports.

The World Bank and IMF also offer assistance. Regular updates of e-commerce indicators are necessary, and the project aims to improve data availability by automating international reporting requirements. Business surveys are seen as valuable for detailed economic statistics, but few Pacific countries conduct them and require help with design and execution.

There is also interest in leveraging big data sources for a richer understanding of e-commerce transactions, following successful examples in Asia and Latin America. Additional funding, staff, and technical capacity are needed to achieve future milestones. Technology is seen as a tool to automate and enhance data collection and presentation, including interactive visualizations and dashboards for easy access.

Combining data with analysis, reports, and research provides a comprehensive understanding of the situation. In conclusion, the Pacific e-commerce project supports sustainable development through science, knowledge, and information. Despite challenges in data collection and capacity limitations, the SPC provides valuable support.

Regular updates, business surveys, and exploring big data sources are key areas of focus. Additional funding and technology leverage are necessary for future milestones. The combination of data, analysis, and research informs decision-making.

Arguments

Digital trade provides transformative opportunities

Supporting facts:

• COVID-19 helped to demonstrate the importance of technology in global supply chains and in the global economy.

• Digital trade provides enormous opportunities to accelerate economic recovery and promote inclusive development.

Topics: Digital trade, Digital economy

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Access to and sharing of data is essential

Supporting facts:

• Quality and accessible data is useful for setting benchmarks and monitoring progress.

• Data helps inspire innovation and pick up new opportunities.

Topics: Digital economy, Data accessibility

---

The high level goal of the JSI is to develop a global set of rules on digital trade adapted to the unique challenges and opportunities of the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• The JSI brings 90 WTO members together

• Over all, the membership represents 90% of global trade

Topics: Digital trade, WTO, JSI

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Open government data trading rule will enhance public access and use of government data to foster economic and social development, competitiveness and innovation

Supporting facts:

• The JSI provides a framework for such data to be made available

• Spain’s open data trial created jobs and has been economically beneficial

Topics: Open data, Digital economy, Government data

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Digital trade rules provide opportunities for businesses of all sizes

Supporting facts:

• MISMEs, micro, small, medium enterprises face significant hurdles in overcoming those regulatory barriers, meeting compliant costs, participating in supply chains

• The JSI goes some way to addressing this and providing solutions for those businesses

Topics: Digital trade rules, Business of all sizes, JSI

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Report

The analysis explores the positive impact of digital trade on global supply chains and the overall economy. It highlights that digital trade offers transformative opportunities for economic recovery and inclusive development. COVID-19 has heightened the significance of technology in global supply chains and the global economy, thereby demonstrating the importance of digital trade.

Furthermore, digital trade opens up enormous opportunities to accelerate economic recovery and promote inclusive development. Access to and sharing of data play a crucial role in the digital economy. Quality and accessible data are essential for setting benchmarks, monitoring progress, and inspiring innovation.

This emphasizes the need for policies that facilitate data accessibility and sharing. Such policies enable businesses to pick up new opportunities and drive economic growth. Support for the Pacific e-commerce portal is viewed positively, as it provides a collaborative platform to enhance economic opportunities in the Pacific region.

Australia is actively supporting this initiative, recognizing its potential to foster economic development and cooperation. The Joint Statement Initiative (JSI) aims to develop a global set of rules on digital trade adapted to the unique challenges and opportunities of the digital economy.

The JSI brings together 90 World Trade Organization (WTO) members, representing 90% of global trade. This collaborative effort intends to facilitate the growth of digital trade by creating a conducive regulatory environment. Promoting paperless trading rules is seen as a beneficial step, as digitizing key trade documents can lead to significant cost and time savings.

Additionally, the trade facilitation digital trade rule guarantees the creation of data, which is valuable for various purposes. The analysis also underscores the importance of open government data trading rules. Implementing such rules would enhance public access and use of government data, fostering economic and social development, competitiveness, and innovation.

For instance, Spain’s open data trial has not only created jobs but has also proven economically beneficial. Consumer protection measures and trust-building initiatives are essential for building trust in online trade. This highlights the influential role that an article on consumer protection can play in creating a secure and reliable online trading environment.

Digital trade rules are recognized as providing opportunities for businesses of all sizes. Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) face significant regulatory barriers, compliance costs, and difficulties in participating in supply chains. The JSI aims to address these hurdles and provide solutions, thus promoting inclusive economic growth and reducing income inequalities among countries.

It is essential for developing countries to be a part of discussions regarding digital trade rules. The JSI takes into account different levels of development and endeavors to involve developing countries in shaping these rules. By ensuring inclusivity, the JSI supports sustainable consumption and production patterns and strengthens the means of implementation for sustainable development.

Finally, Australia’s commitment to developing an inclusive agreement demonstrates its dedication to promoting peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development and reducing income inequality. This commitment aligns with the broader goal of achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. In conclusion, the analysis highlights the positive effects of digital trade on global supply chains and the economy.

It emphasizes the transformative opportunities it offers for economic recovery and inclusive development. Access to data, support for regional e-commerce portals, the JSI’s efforts to develop global digital trade rules, paperless trading, open government data trading rules, consumer protection measures, and inclusion of developing countries in discussions are all crucial steps towards maximizing the benefits of digital trade.

Australia’s commitment to an inclusive agreement further demonstrates the importance of collaboration and inclusivity in shaping the future of digital trade.

Arguments

Andrea Giacomelli invites the Pacific e-commerce portal team to explain how the portal functions and how it supports decision making in the digital economy sector.

Supporting facts:

• The Pacific e-commerce portal functions as a knowledge repository that gathers information about e-commerce and the digital economy.

• The portal can help policymakers make evidence-based decisions by allowing them to quickly download data and produce relevant comparisons or charts.

Topics: E-commerce, Data collection, Policymaking

---

Regional service provided by SPC is crucial for small governments and organizations in facilitating statistical capacity and knowledge

Supporting facts:

• SPC assists countries to run their census of population and housing

• It helps to process and analyze their data sets and produce reports

• Other partners like IMF also assist in areas like GDP compilation, rebasing of price indices.

Topics: Small Countries, Regional Service, Statistics

---

SPC’s regional service justifies its importance by not only providing capacity building but also supplementing capacity where needed

Supporting facts:

• SPC prioritizes helping countries in statistics and in developing their own capacity

• In very small countries, SPC provides direct help to develop indicators for their priorities and global commitments

Topics: Capacity Building, Supplementation, Small Countries, Regional Service

---

Seeks to know UNCTAD’s initiatives in establishing data on economic transactions in developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Digital trade increase is unknown due to lack of e-commerce transaction data

Topics: e-commerce, Data collection, UNCTAD, Developing Countries

---

Suggests the potential role of regional partnerships between UNCTAD and SPC in facilitating the establishment of e-commerce transaction data

Topics: e-commerce, Data collection, UNCTAD, SPC, Regional Partnerships

---

Andrea appreciates the efforts of Evelyn and team in developing a data visualization platform for digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Evelyn mentioned about their effort in making data accessible and easy to understand with visualization techniques

• They want to create interactive data dashboards for easy data understanding and access

Topics: Data Collection, E-commerce, Digital Economy

---

Andrea is interested in knowing the UNCTAD strategy for data collection for the digital economy

Supporting facts:

• Andrea asked Scarlett about their future strategy for data collection, publication, and capacity building

Topics: Data Collection, UNCTAD strategy, Digital Economy

---

Andrea Giacomelli identifies a need for a representative from the Pacific to join the UNCTAD working group in order to bring knowledge back to the region and stay up to date in the area.

Supporting facts:

• Andrea Giacomelli emphasizes the importance of having a Pacific representative in the UNCTAD working group meetings, as he believes this could facilitate ascertaining firsthand knowledge and information.

Topics: UNCTAD, Capacity building, Regionalism

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Technological limitations hindered in-person participation of the Pacific in the meeting

Supporting facts:

• Scarlett Fondeur Gil mentioned that the physical distance of the Pacific made in-person involvement challenging and online interaction was also not efficient

Topics: Technical Limitations, Participation , Pacific

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WTO members have better data representation

Supporting facts:

• 80% of non-WTO members are located in the Pacific which is not well represented in terms of data

Topics: Data Representation, WTO

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Report

The Pacific e-commerce portal functions as a comprehensive knowledge repository, gathering information on e-commerce and the digital economy. It supports policymakers in making evidence-based decisions by providing easy access to relevant data that can be quickly downloaded, compared, and visualized.

The portal was developed through a partnership between UNCTAD and SPC, leveraging their expertise in statistical data and e-commerce. The SPC plays a crucial role in providing regional services to small governments and organizations, helping them build their statistical capacity.

They assist with census data collection, analysis, and report generation, with additional support from partners like the IMF. However, there is a concern about the lack of data on e-commerce transactions in the portal. The focus has been on elements that enhance e-commerce and digital trade, rather than on the transactions themselves.

This raises questions about UNCTAD’s initiatives in establishing data on economic transactions in developing countries. It is suggested that regional partnerships between UNCTAD and SPC could help address this issue. In addition to the portal, efforts are underway to develop a data visualization platform for the digital economy.

This platform aims to make data easily accessible and understandable through visualization techniques and interactive dashboards. Andrea Giacomelli expresses support for data visualization and emphasizes the importance of providing assistance to countries in implementing it. He also seeks information on UNCTAD’s strategy for data collection in the digital economy and suggests the need for a Pacific representative in the UNCTAD working group to ensure knowledge sharing and stay up to date.

Furthermore, Andrea promotes the involvement of the Pacific region in policy and decision-making processes. He acknowledges the challenges faced by representatives from the Pacific due to the physical distance and highlights the need to address technological limitations for more effective participation.

The representation of Pacific countries’ data within the WTO is inadequate, with 80% of non-WTO members located in the region. This highlights the importance of improving data availability within the WTO Joint Statement Initiative on e-commerce. Overall, the Pacific e-commerce portal serves as a valuable tool for policymakers, providing them with access to data for informed decision making in the digital economy sector.

Efforts are being made to address the lack of transactional data, enhance data visualization capabilities, and increase the involvement of the Pacific region in policy discussions. Improving data representation within the WTO is also a key area of focus.

Arguments

E-commerce data is lacking not only in the Pacific but also in most developing countries

Supporting facts:

• The collection of e-commerce statistics can be a challenge due to other priorities, resources, and coverage constraints.

• The concept and definitions of e-commerce are still evolving and being agreed upon between countries.

Topics: E-commerce, Developing countries, Data collection

---

UNCTAD is working on developing methodology, resources, and capacity building for e-commerce and digital economic statistics

Supporting facts:

• UNCTAD has a working group that works on measuring e-commerce and digital economy.

• UNCTAD provides online training courses on indicators of e-commerce and ICT use by businesses.

Topics: UNCTAD, E-commerce, Methodology, Capacity Building

---

Regional counterparts like SPC are needed for the successful collection and utilization of e-commerce data

Supporting facts:

• SPC is in the same region as national statistical offices, knows the unique challenges of these offices and can therefore better support these offices in data collection.

• SPC was instrumental in the delivery of an online training course in the Pacific.

Topics: Pacific, SPC, E-commerce, Data collection

---

The push for e-commerce data collection must come from policy makers

Supporting facts:

• Limited resources of national statistical offices will not be used for data collection if there is no demand from policy makers.

• The collected data should be useful to the policy makers for it to have value.

Topics: Policy Makers, E-Commerce, Data Collection

---

UNCTAD’s data collection largely involves trade data and does not address specific e-commerce activities such as the use of the internet by enterprises for e-commerce, or the values of such transactions

Supporting facts:

• UNCTAD’s data is compiled from national sources and does not invent the indicators

• Indicators wanted to be known include whether enterprises are using the internet for e-commerce, whether they are ordering or selling online, and the value of the transactions

Topics: e-commerce, trade data, UNCTAD, internet use

---

Challenges in data collection can be seen as opportunities, and UNCTAD is proactive in addressing these by revisiting statistical definitions and seeking alternatives where traditional survey-based data sources may not suffice

Supporting facts:

• UNCTAD has a manual for methodological development which was first written in 2007 and had its latest revision in 2020

• UNCTAD working group convenes once a year and their last meeting occurred last week, where the presentations and content shared are available online

Topics: data collection, e-commerce, digital economy, UNCTAD, methodology

---

Plans for UNCTAD’s future technical assistance and capacity building are determined by formal requests from countries.

Supporting facts:

• UNCTAD provides assistance on demand.

• Enouragement has been given to countries to formally request assistance.

• UNCTAD can also facilitate contact with other players from the E-Trade for All initiative.

Topics: UNCTAD, Technical Assistance, Capacity Building

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Scarlett Fondeur Gil expressed that she would have liked more in-person participation from the Pacific but was limited by technical issues

Supporting facts:

• online participation was also limited in the ability to interact

• she would have loved to have more in-person participation

Topics: participation, remote working, communication

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Qualitative indicators that can complement quantitative indicators are often collected through the same vehicles

Supporting facts:

• Surveys are used as a vehicle to collect these indicators

Topics: qualitative indicators, quantitative indicators

---

Pacific Island states need support to implement business surveys

Topics: Pacific Island states, business surveys

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Report

The collection of e-commerce statistics in developing countries, including the Pacific, presents various challenges. These challenges arise due to competing priorities, limited resources, and coverage constraints. Furthermore, the concept and definitions of e-commerce are still evolving and being agreed upon between countries.

As a result, there is a lack of comprehensive e-commerce data in these regions. However, efforts are being made by organizations such as the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and regional counterparts like the Pacific Community (SPC) to address these challenges.

UNCTAD has established a working group that focuses on measuring e-commerce and the digital economy. They are actively involved in developing methodologies, providing resources, and offering capacity-building initiatives to enhance the collection of e-commerce statistics. Additionally, UNCTAD offers online training courses on indicators of e-commerce and the use of information and communication technology (ICT) by businesses.

Regional counterparts like SPC play a crucial role in supporting the collection and utilization of e-commerce data. SPC, being situated in the same region as national statistical offices, understands the unique challenges these offices face and can provide tailored support in data collection.

They have also played a significant role in delivering online training courses in the Pacific. It is essential for policymakers to push for e-commerce data collection, as the limited resources of national statistical offices will not be allocated to this task without demand.

The collected data should be of value and usefulness to policymakers to justify the efforts put into data collection. UNCTAD’s data collection efforts primarily focus on compiling national trade data. While this provides valuable insights, it may not address specific e-commerce activities such as the use of the internet by enterprises for e-commerce or the values of transactions.

Indicators of interest include whether businesses are using the internet for e-commerce, whether they engage in online ordering or selling, and the value of these transactions. UNCTAD takes a proactive approach in addressing challenges in data collection. They have a manual for methodological development, revised in 2020, and convene a working group annually to explore alternative data sources when traditional survey-based data may not be sufficient.

This demonstrates their commitment to revisiting statistical definitions and seeking innovative solutions. The integration of insights on measuring the value of e-commerce and specifically cross-border e-commerce into existing training courses is a focus for UNCTAD. Ongoing capacity-building workshops, co-organized with international institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and World Trade Organization (WTO), aim to update the data collection process in line with developments in understanding the value of e-commerce.

UNCTAD provides technical assistance and capacity-building initiatives based on formal requests from countries. They also facilitate contact with other players through the E-Trade for All initiative. Additionally, funding for specific needs can be addressed through formal requests, which can then be relayed to the donor community by UNCTAD.

During discussions, Scarlett Fondeur Gil expressed a desire for more in-person participation from the Pacific. However, technical limitations hindered online participation and interaction. Despite these challenges, Scarlett Fondeur Gil intends to improve and increase participation from the Pacific in the future.

Qualitative indicators, which complement quantitative indicators, are often collected through the same survey vehicles. This highlights the importance of capturing both types of indicators to gain a comprehensive understanding of e-commerce. Pacific Island states require support to implement business surveys, which can provide valuable insights into the digital economy landscape.

The ANTA Digital Economy Report for the Pacific offers context to the obstacles present in the enabling environment. In conclusion, while e-commerce data collection faces challenges in developing countries, initiatives led by UNCTAD, SPC, and other regional counterparts aim to overcome these obstacles.

The active involvement of policymakers, capacity-building efforts, and the inclusion of qualitative indicators are crucial for obtaining comprehensive and meaningful e-commerce statistics. With ongoing improvements and collaborations, the availability and quality of e-commerce data in these regions can be enhanced.

Arguments

EBRD is offering a supply-chain financing product for their clients with a large SME supplier base.

Supporting facts:

• EBRD is based in London and operating in around 30 emerging markets of Central Asia, North Africa, Eastern Central Europe

Topics: Supply Chain Financing, Sustainability KPIs, SME Development

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The main and first issue of SME suppliers is an issue of liquidity and cash flow

Supporting facts:

• SME suppliers struggle with staying afloat due to cash flow issues

• Having liquidity can empower suppliers to think about sustainability and improving production

Topics: Financial support, SME, Liquidity solutions, Supply chain

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A financially stable supply chain can pave the way for sustainability

Supporting facts:

• Reduced cash flow constraints can lead to a chance to think about sustainability

• Compliance with sustainability policies can be achieved when SME suppliers are economically stable

Topics: Sustainability, Supply chain, Financial Stability

---

Alessandra Antolini wants to see change at the individual consumer level

Supporting facts:

• Antolini sees the need for consumers and individuals to break their habits of overconsumption

Topics: Consumption Habits, Sustainability

---

Commercialization of sustainability is necessary

Supporting facts:

• They frequently have discussions about sustainability and gender policies in commercial terms

• They experiment with different financial mechanisms including outcome-based loans, green bonds, social impact bonds

Topics: sustainability, ESG, finance

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Report

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has implemented a supply chain financing product to support its clients, particularly small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) suppliers. This initiative demonstrates EBRD’s commitment to promoting economic growth and decent work (SDG 8) as well as responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).

In addition to supply chain financing, EBRD also focuses on firms that have sustainability Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to help SMEs improve their sustainability operations. This supports the goals of climate action (SDG 13) and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). An ongoing challenge for SME suppliers is liquidity and cash flow.

EBRD recognizes this issue and provides institutional support to alleviate the problem. Through their supply chain financing product, EBRD offers early invoice payment, which improves cash flow and relieves financial pressure on SME suppliers. Financial stability within the supply chain also paves the way for sustainability.

Reduced cash flow constraints enable SME suppliers to prioritize sustainability and enhance their production practices. When SME suppliers are economically stable, they can better comply with sustainability policies and contribute to responsible consumption and production (SDG 12). Advocate Alessandra Antolini emphasizes the need for individuals to break their overconsumption habits.

Antolini believes that changing consumer behavior is essential for sustainable development. Increased consumer honesty would be beneficial in advancing the sustainability agenda. EBRD recognizes the importance of commercializing sustainability. They regularly discuss sustainability and gender policies from a commercial standpoint.

Furthermore, EBRD explores various financial mechanisms, including outcome-based loans, green bonds, and social impact bonds. They understand that commercializing sustainability is crucial for responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) as well as climate action (SDG 13). The significance of sustainability factors is increasingly hard to ignore.

EBRD involves senior sustainability figures in their interactions, acknowledging the risks associated with a linear economy and unsustainable practices. This emphasizes the urgency of embracing sustainability practices. To summarize, EBRD’s supply chain financing product addresses cash flow challenges for SME suppliers, promoting financial stability within the supply chain.

The bank also prioritizes sustainability KPIs to enhance sustainability operations within SMEs. Changing consumer habits and increased consumer honesty are crucial for promoting sustainability. EBRD recognizes the importance of commercializing sustainability and the growing significance of sustainability factors in today’s business landscape.

Arguments

Caroline van Brunsgroot is the lead of the Secretariat for the Circular Electronics Partnership

Supporting facts:

• Circular Electronics Partnership is a collaboration platform for six global NGOs focused on sustainability

• It coordinates work on circular electronics

Topics: Circular Electronics Partnership, Sustainable Business

---

Circular Electronics Partnership involves six influential global NGOs and UN agency ITU in sustainable business

Supporting facts:

• Global Electronics Council, the Responsible Business Alliance, JESI, WBCSD, the World Economic Forum, and ITU are the involved organizations

• It helps them coordinate their work on circular electronics

Topics: NGOs, Sustainable Business, ITU

---

Circular Electronics Partnership includes 25 global members in the electronics value chain

Supporting facts:

• The partnership addresses global projects together with its members

Topics: Electronics, Circular Economy

---

Digitalization necessarily plays a vital role in transiting to a circular economy in the electronics industry

Supporting facts:

• A lot of companies are innovating technologies and experimenting with metrics for the circular economy

• CEP has identified three attributes for what makes a circular product including circular materials, designed to be processed down the value chain, and actually being collected and repurposed

Topics: Digitalization, Circular Economy, Electronics Industry

---

The electronics industry recognizes the need to establish a system to facilitate the transition to a circular economy

Supporting facts:

• There’s a prevailing interest and small-scale actions towards circularity amongst companies

• The system required for the material and products to circulate is not in place

• The industry acknowledges the necessity to establish such a system

• CEP has developed 12 enablers to assist companies in understanding their role in the future circular economy

Topics: Circular Economy, Electronics Industry

---

CEP structures its work around a roadmap developed by the industry members

Supporting facts:

• The roadmap outlines 40 actions dedicated to common barriers encountered by members

Topics: Industry collaboration, Circular economy

---

Relying on scarce materials needs to be addressed

Supporting facts:

• This has been a common issue in the production process

Topics: Sustainable production, Material scarcity

---

There is opportunity to reduce Scope 3 emissions

Supporting facts:

• This can be achieved by eliminating certain steps in the production process

Topics: Emission reduction, Sustainable production

---

The real opportunity lies in designing a circular economy

Supporting facts:

• The circular economy involves a much more intentional and beneficial approach for the environment and supply chain workers

Topics: Circular economy, Sustainable design, Systemic transformation

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Carolien Van Brunschot agrees on the need for a global circularity protocol

Supporting facts:

• WBCSD is setting up work on a global circularity protocol

• The right stakeholders are being included for the global circularity protocol

Topics: Global Circularity Protocol, Climate Change, Legislation

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The need for collaboration and coordination in CEP

Supporting facts:

• Everyone is locked into their own task and sharing information is time-consuming

• coordination is at the heart of CEP but underestimated at how hard it is

• a small group ends up doing the coordination

Topics: Collaboration, Coordination, CEP

---

Education on where we need to go is increasing

Supporting facts:

• There’s an increasing number of people being educated on what needs to change

Topics: Education, CEP

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Report

The Circular Electronics Partnership (CEP) is a collaboration platform that brings together six influential global NGOs, including the Global Electronics Council and the Responsible Business Alliance, as well as the UN agency ITU. The aim of CEP is to drive sustainability in the electronics industry by addressing various issues related to circularity, material scarcity, and emissions reduction.

CEP recognizes that a transition to a circular economy requires collaboration and coordination among its members. The partnership works on a roadmap developed by industry members, outlining 40 actions dedicated to overcoming common barriers encountered in the industry. However, the need for collaboration and coordination is often underestimated and challenging.

CEP acknowledges that everyone is locked into their own tasks, and sharing information becomes time-consuming. Coordination, therefore, becomes crucial, and a small group ends up shouldering most of the coordination responsibilities. Education on the necessary changes is increasing, with more people becoming aware of the need for a circular economy.

This understanding is seen as a positive step towards achieving sustainability goals. However, the industry acknowledges that the system required for the material and products to circulate is not yet in place. CEP has developed 12 enablers to assist companies in understanding their role in the future circular economy, but substantial transformation is still needed.

The current movements towards circularity are considered small-scale and targeted. CEP is actively working on a global circularity protocol, a project supported by Carolien Van Brunschot. This protocol aims to establish guidelines and standards for achieving circularity on a global scale.

Van Brunschot emphasizes the importance of credibility and backing for the effective implementation of the protocol. As part of this effort, the partnership is including the right stakeholders to ensure its success. One of the main challenges faced by the electronics industry in transitioning to a circular economy is the prevailing reliance on scarce materials.

CEP recognizes the need to address this issue and promotes sustainable production that reduces material scarcity. Additionally, CEP sees an opportunity to reduce emissions by eliminating certain steps in the production process. By doing so, the industry can contribute to SDG 13: Climate Action.

The circular economy, according to CEP, offers significant benefits to the environment and supply chain workers. It involves a much more intentional and sustainable approach to designing products and managing resources. However, the current linear economy presents challenges to implementing circular initiatives, as systemic transformation is necessary for the successful operation of smaller pilot projects.

In conclusion, CEP brings together NGOs, industry experts, and the UN agency ITU to drive sustainability in the electronics industry. The partnership prioritizes collaboration, coordination, and education to achieve a shift towards a circular economy. While there are challenges, such as the lack of a systemic system and the reliance on scarce materials, CEP is taking steps to address these issues through its enablers, a global circularity protocol, and the involvement of the right stakeholders.

Arguments

Federico envisions a world that works on decarbonization bolstered by electronic products accessibility

Supporting facts:

• Products are becoming more accessible, aiding new economies and consumers.

• Modern technology is essential in decarbonizing operations.

• Increase in electronic product penetration.

Topics: decarbonization, accessibility, electronics

---

Federico recognises the importance of preserving critical materials

Supporting facts:

• Increase in electronic products without equivalent increase in recycling.

Topics: resource preservation, collection, recycling

---

The current systems for take-back and recycling designed over the last 15-20 years are not fit for purpose.

Supporting facts:

• In the circular economy perspective, the concept of take-back and recycling is a fundamental element to keep the materials and the value in the loop.

• These systems were initially treated purely as a compliance exercise.

Topics: Waste Management, Recycling, Sustainable Sourcing

---

The role of consumers in the waste management system is currently underexploited.

Supporting facts:

• Currently, the waste management systems report low collection rates.

Topics: Waste Management System, Consumer Engagement, Circular Economy

---

Companies can only achieve their ambitious environmental targets through collaboration

Supporting facts:

• The majority of environmental impacts are from Scope 3 emissions, which implies dependency on suppliers and downstream users

• Companies are part of supply chains and can’t achieve their goals alone

Topics: Environmental Sustainability, Corporate Collaboration, Supply Chain

---

Potential value of digitalization in supply chain is higher than the burden of implementation

Supporting facts:

• Digitalization of a supply chain doesn’t happen overnight but its potential benefits are higher

• Driving environmental sustainability can be achieved with better and more data enabled by digitalization

Topics: Digitalization, Supply Chain, Data Management

---

Education and awareness are crucial for sustainability

Supporting facts:

• A company undertook an education program to understand sustainability and its implications in the ICT industry

• A manufacturing company in Brussels educated its employees about their PV panels, generating pride and change of mindset

Topics: Education, Sustainability, Consumer Engagement

---

The present speed at which sustainability measures are being implemented is too slow

Supporting facts:

• Discussion on the lack of sustainability experts in organizations

Topics: Sustainability, Corporate Level Implementation, Institutional Level Implementation

---

Decisions, policies and standards currently made on sustainability may not be optimal

Supporting facts:

• There is a lack of proper knowledge and awareness on the complexity of sustainability issues, which may lead to sub-optimal decisions

Topics: Sustainability, Policy and Standard Making

---

Transitioning to a circular economy is challenging for companies

Supporting facts:

• Moving from linear production to circular production is a revolution for companies

• Circular economy affects not only the products but also the processes

• Circular economy is a transversal approach

Topics: Circular Economy, Business

---

Many private companies don’t prioritize the environment

Supporting facts:

• Engaging private companies on environmental issues is challenging

• Most CEOs focus on investment, cost and revenue

Topics: Environment, Climate Change, Business

---

Encourages a team spirit and the ‘we before I’ concept as one of their core values

Supporting facts:

• Shares anecdotes in meetings to reflect core values

• The company’s DNA is infused with the ‘we before I’ concept

Topics: Company Culture, Teamwork

---

Companies can make dreams happen by believing in a vision and working together

Supporting facts:

• Undertakes projects in Qatar with the tagline ‘we dream, we believe, we made it happen’

• Firm acts as the entity that helps clients make their dreams a reality

Topics: Teamwork, Vision

---

Advocates for companies to act beyond their own interests to solve problems

Supporting facts:

• Happy to connect with other companies to solve problems

• Believes in the importance of bringing together different companies to discuss similar issues

Topics: Partnership, Problem Solving

---

Willing to act as a contact broker to help solve problems

Supporting facts:

• Willing to connect with other entities to help solve problems

• Participated in a panel discussion with Samsung, a competitor of Lenovo, but viewed as a partner

Topics: Networking, Problem Solving

---

Report

The analysis of the various speakers reveals several significant points regarding sustainability and responsible consumption. Federico envisions a world where decarbonisation is supported by accessible electronic products. This indicates that the increasing accessibility of products is aiding new economies and consumers.

Moreover, Federico recognises the essential role that modern technology plays in decarbonising operations. Another important perspective shared by Federico is the need to improve the environmental and socio-economic aspects of electronic product extraction, refinery, and use. This signifies the importance of avoiding wasteful application and design while increasing recovery and keeping materials in the economic cycle.

By focusing on better environmental and social practices in the electronic product lifecycle, Federico aims to reduce the negative impact on the planet. In addition to this, Federico identifies the potential of digitalisation, especially in traceability, to contribute to sustainability efforts.

By leveraging technology, it is possible to keep the benefits of extraction and manufacturing within the loop. This highlights the role of digitalisation in ensuring transparency and accountability throughout the supply chain. The importance of consumers in the circular economy is also emphasised.

Federico acknowledges the crucial role that consumers play when they make conscious decisions to buy certain products and solutions. Furthermore, consumers also have a key role in the responsible disposal and return of materials back to the value chain. This aligns with the idea that consumers have the power to drive change through their purchasing decisions and responsible practices.

Collaboration between companies is seen as vital in achieving ambitious environmental targets. The majority of environmental impacts are attributed to Scope 3 emissions, which highlights the importance of addressing the entire supply chain. By working together, companies can collectively take responsibility for their environmental impact and work towards more sustainable solutions.

It is evident that education and awareness are crucial for sustainability. Anecdotes shared by the speakers demonstrate the positive impact of education programmes that focus on understanding sustainability and its implications in various industries. With proper education and awareness, employees and organisations can develop a mindset that values sustainability and actively works towards implementing responsible practices.

However, there are challenges that hinder progress towards sustainability. The analysis identifies knowledge gaps in sustainability topics, which slows down discussions and decision-making. This implies that counterparts involved in sustainability discussions may not have sufficient knowledge, leading to sub-optimal decisions.

Additionally, the analysis suggests that the current speed of implementing sustainability measures is too slow, indicating the need for greater commitment and urgency in addressing sustainability challenges. Transitioning to a circular economy is highlighted as a challenging task for companies.

This is due to the revolutionary shift required, encompassing both products and processes. The complexity of implementing circular economies requires substantial effort and change. Notably, the analysis indicates that many private companies do not prioritise the environment. CEOs often focus on investment, cost, and revenue, neglecting the importance of environmental issues.

This suggests that a more comprehensive and inclusive approach is needed to engage private companies on environmental considerations. The urgency to address climate change and environmental issues is emphasised throughout the analysis. It is clear that time is running out, and immediate action is required to mitigate the impact of climate change.

Finally, fostering a culture that prioritises collective interests over personal ones is seen as crucial. The analysis highlights the importance of championing a ‘we before I’ concept, which values teamwork and collective achievements. By nurturing this culture, companies can work together towards common goals and overcome challenges more effectively.

In conclusion, the analysis of the speakers’ perspectives on sustainability and responsible consumption reveals important insights. It highlights the role of accessible electronic products in supporting decarbonisation and emphasises the need for improved environmental and socio-economic practices in their lifecycle.

Collaboration, education, and awareness are identified as crucial factors in driving sustainability efforts. However, challenges such as knowledge gaps, the slow speed of implementation, and the lack of prioritisation of the environment by private companies need to be addressed. Urgent action is required to address climate change and foster a culture that values collective interests.

Overall, the analysis emphasises the importance of sustainability in creating a better future for all.

Report

Franziska Kaiser, a researcher from the University of Lausanne, attended a discussion on the circular economy and provided an overview of its current state. Although not an expert in the field, Kaiser emphasized the significance of the circular economy and its potential benefits.

During the discussion, Kaiser presented the main points and arguments surrounding the concept of the circular economy. She discussed how the circular economy aims to replace the traditional linear model of production and consumption with a more sustainable approach. By promoting the reuse, recycling, and regeneration of resources, the circular economy seeks to minimize waste and reduce negative environmental impacts.

Kaiser supported her points with evidence from various studies and real-world examples. She highlighted successful initiatives that have implemented circular economy principles and have yielded positive results, such as reduced resource consumption, decreased waste generation, and increased economic benefits. Kaiser emphasized that these examples serve as proof of the potential benefits of embracing circular economy practices.

Furthermore, Kaiser noted that the circular economy is gaining traction globally, with many governments, businesses, and organizations recognizing its importance and adopting strategies to implement it. She referred to ongoing research and policy developments in the field, underscoring the growing interest and commitment to transitioning to a circular economy model.

In conclusion, Franziska Kaiser, despite not being an expert, provided a detailed overview of the current state of the circular economy. She highlighted its significance in addressing environmental concerns and promoting sustainable practices. Kaiser’s presentation, supported by evidence and examples, conveyed the potential benefits of embracing circular economy principles and the increasing global interest in its implementation.

Her contribution to the discussion shed light on the importance of this topic for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike.

Arguments

Harikrishnan Tulsidas is a technical advisor for UNEC

Supporting facts:

• He works in sustainable resource management, He serves two frameworks on sustainable resource management

Topics: UNEC, technical advising

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Switching to a circular or ethical value chain can lower use of fresh materials and energy, but the savings alone may not be appealing.

Supporting facts:

• 30% reduction in material use and energy use can be achieved.

Topics: Circular Value Chain, Ethical Value Chain, Energy Efficiency

---

Opportunities from new businesses, technologies, and markets because of the shift to a circular value chain stand to be much larger.

Supporting facts:

• Potential gain from new markets and technologies amounts to several trillion dollars by 2030

Topics: Circular Value Chain, Innovation, New markets

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Companies can focus on transforming the existing commodity-based value chain into more of a resource as a service model.

Supporting facts:

• The IT industry successfully shifted to a service-based model after the last financial meltdown.

Topics: Resource as a Service, Commodity-based Value Chain, Business Models

---

The world is moving away from a fossil fuel-generated economy to a material-based economy, which is driving huge demand for solid materials and minerals.

Supporting facts:

• By 2050, 70% of the world population will live in cities, owning more gadgets than today.

• This planet would need at least six planets of this size to supply the materials required for the projected standard of living by 2050.

Topics: Material Demand, Fossil Fuels

---

The existing initiatives, although well-intentioned, are too fragmented and numerous, causing confusion instead of providing direction.

Supporting facts:

• There are 600 ESG standards to choose from.

• There are thousands of initiatives in digital connectivity

Topics: Standards, Initiatives

---

An overarching set of principles that all interested parties can agree upon could guide these initiatives and solve the problem at hand.

Topics: Principles, Partnerships

---

There is no perfect recipe for transitioning to a circular economy, but Hari believes the current pace is too slow

Supporting facts:

• The current business environment and legislation process is slow and often takes several years

• If legislation incentivizing circular economy is to be passed, it would take years of negotiation

Topics: circular economy, speed of change

---

The need for speed is a key differentiating factor

Supporting facts:

• Policymaking, legislation, and getting parliamentary approval is slow and often takes years

Topics: circular economy, legislation, timeframe

---

Making global issues relatable in monetary terms can make people listen

Supporting facts:

• We can convince people if we talk in terms of dollars; this applies to both environmental and economic benefits

Topics: circular economy, carbon emissions, monetary value

---

Partnership with UN institutions such as UNEP for government involvement

Supporting facts:

• UNEP, UNDP, UNCTAD, UNIDO involves 80% of the governments

Topics: UN institutions, Government involvement, Partnership

---

Harikrishnan Tulsidas wants the industry to view the circular economy not just from a compliance perspective, but as an opportunity for profit

Supporting facts:

• He emphasizes on collaboration between governments, industry and financiers

• He suggests a global protocol or set of principles to avoid conflict of interest

Topics: Circular Economy, Industry Profitability, Business Compliance

---

A World Resource Bank should be established where everything is monetized in dollar terms

Topics: Monetization, World Resource Bank, Financial System

---

Report

Harikrishnan Tulsidas is a technical advisor for UNEC and plays a significant role in sustainable resource management. He is involved in two frameworks on sustainable resource management and believes in the integration of social and economic factors. This integration is crucial for achieving SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth and SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

The argument proposes switching to a circular or ethical value chain as a way to reduce the use of fresh materials and energy. However, the cost savings alone may not be the most compelling factor. It is suggested that opportunities from new businesses, technologies, and markets due to the shift to a circular value chain could be much larger and more attractive.

To achieve a circular value chain, the existing commodity-based value chain needs to transform into more of a resource-as-a-service model. This transition aims to enhance sustainability and responsible consumption and production. The potential benefits of this transformation are not only limited to resource savings but also include economic gains and the creation of new revenue streams.

There is a growing demand for solid materials and minerals as the world transitions from a fossil fuel-generated economy to a material-based economy. With the global population growing and urbanization increasing, the demand for gadgets and consumer products is expected to rise significantly by 2050.

This will put immense pressure on resources and emphasize the need for responsible and sustainable resource management. The existing initiatives on responsible consumption and production are viewed as fragmented and numerous, causing confusion rather than providing clear guidance. The argument suggests the need for an overarching set of principles to guide these initiatives and ensure a coordinated and effective approach.

Conflicts are expected to increase globally as resources become scarcer. UN reports predict a severe water crisis, and conflicts such as those in Ukraine and the Middle East are expected to become more prevalent if business continues as usual. These challenges highlight the urgency of sustainable resource management and the transition to a circular economy.

The pace of transitioning to a circular economy is considered too slow, and legislative processes are often time-consuming. This slow progress hinders the implementation of necessary policies and incentives to support sustainable practices. It is argued that policy-making and legislation need to be expedited to accelerate the transition process.

To effectively communicate the importance of sustainable resource management and the circular economy, it is suggested to present global issues in relatable monetary terms. The argument emphasizes that talking in terms of dollars can help convince people of the environmental and economic benefits associated with responsible resource management.

Fast action and the setting of aspirational goals are deemed crucial for achieving a better circular economy. The suggested approach involves key players from the UN, the investor community, and corporations signing into a set of overarching principles that prioritize speed and implementation.

A global agreement involving key players and setting loose principles is proposed as a means to achieve a better circular economy. The argument highlights the importance of collaboration between corporations, the investor community, and the UN in achieving sustainable resource management goals.

Partnerships with UN institutions like UNEP and the inclusion of financial institutions such as the EBRD and the World Bank, along with government and industry involvement, are crucial for achieving sustainable resource management. This multi-stakeholder approach ensures a comprehensive and systemic response to the challenges at hand.

Harikrishnan Tulsidas views the circular economy not only from a compliance perspective but also as an opportunity for industry profitability. He emphasizes collaboration between governments, industry, and financiers and suggests establishing a global protocol or set of principles to avoid conflicts of interest.

In conclusion, Harikrishnan Tulsidas advocates for sustainable resource management and the transition to a circular economy. He believes that the integration of social and economic factors is essential for achieving sustainable development goals. The arguments put forth highlight the potential benefits of a circular value chain, the challenges posed by resource scarcity, the need for coordinated initiatives and principles, the importance of expedited legislative processes, and the role of partnerships and collaboration in achieving a sustainable future.

Report

Sofia and Federico form part of the consulting team at DSS Plus, specializing in providing guidance and expertise to corporate clients and organizations operating within the electronics and circular economy sector. Their role involves helping companies navigate the complex landscape of sustainability and environmental practices.

At DSS Plus, Sofia and Federico offer a variety of services to their clients. They assist organizations in implementing sustainable practices throughout the product lifecycle, from design and production to disposal and recycling. Their goal is to minimize the environmental impact of electronics and promote a circular economy model, which aims to conserve resources, reduce waste, and promote recycling and repurposing of products.

The consulting team at DSS Plus stays informed about the latest trends and regulations in the electronics and circular economy field. They ensure they are up-to-date with emerging technologies and innovative solutions that can drive sustainable growth and give their clients a competitive advantage.

With their deep understanding of the sector, they provide customized advice and actionable strategies that align with each client’s unique goals and circumstances. One of Sofia and Federico’s key strengths is their ability to establish strong connections with corporate clients and organizations.

They take the time to listen and understand their clients’ needs, challenges, and aspirations. By building solid relationships and trust, they effectively collaborate and deliver practical, real-world solutions that meet and surpass expectations. In conclusion, Sofia and Federico’s expertise in electronics and circular economy consulting makes them valuable resources for companies seeking to make a positive environmental impact and transform their business practices.

Through their guidance, they aim to create a sustainable future where electronics are produced responsibly, waste is minimized, and resources are efficiently utilized.

Arguments

Circular economy is not only about waste management, but also about capacity building and partnership

Topics: Circular Economy, Capacity Building, Partnerships

---

Switching from linear to circular production is a complicated process

Supporting facts:

• This revolution is not only about changing the product, but also about shifting the processes.

• It’s difficult due to tendency of thinking in silos and vertical. Circular economy is transversal.

Topics: Circular economy, Production processes

---

Monetizing the value of sustainability

Supporting facts:

• Developing a circularity index in terms of ESG can play a pivotal role in this transformation

• Cost of money in terms of financial banks can impact sustainability

Topics: Sustainability, Monetization, Financial Banks

---

Report

The analysis provides a comprehensive overview of several key aspects related to the circular economy and sustainability. It highlights that the circular economy encompasses more than just waste management; it also involves capacity building and partnerships. This suggests that a holistic approach is necessary to fully embrace the circular economy concept.

In terms of data collection in global value chains, the analysis points out the need for effective data collection, integration, and communication to track and measure results. It highlights a specific instance where a blockchain project was halted due to a company refusing to share data along the supply chain.

This underscores the importance of transparency and collaboration in achieving sustainable practices within global value chains. The analysis also delves into the challenges of transitioning from linear to circular production processes. It acknowledges that this shift is not solely about changing the end product but also requires a fundamental change in mindset and operational processes.

The analysis emphasizes the difficulty of breaking free from traditional siloed and vertical thinking that often impedes circular economy implementation. This insight highlights the need for a systemic and integrated approach to successfully transition to circular production. Notably, the analysis sheds light on the priorities of CEOs in private companies, indicating that they tend to focus more on investments, costs, and revenues rather than the environment.

The inclusion of environmental considerations in business models can be met with resistance, with many CEOs raising concerns about the financial implications. This observation suggests the importance of addressing the perception that environmental sustainability comes at the expense of financial gains.

Bridging this gap and encouraging CEOs to embrace sustainable practices is crucial for achieving climate action goals. Furthermore, the analysis explores the value of monetizing sustainability and the potential role of a circularity index developed in terms of Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG).

It highlights that assigning a monetary value to sustainability can be instrumental in driving sustainable transformations. Additionally, it suggests that the cost of borrowing from financial banks can impact sustainability, further emphasizing the economic aspect of sustainability initiatives. Finally, the analysis underscores the role of ESG in facilitating the transformation towards sustainability.

It mentions the indirect reference to the use of ESG in developing a sustainability transformation mechanism. This indicates that ESG principles, which encompass environmental, social, and corporate governance factors, can play a pivotal role in driving sustainable practices across industries.

In conclusion, the analysis provides a detailed understanding of various components of the circular economy, ranging from capacity building and partnerships to data collection and circular production. It highlights the challenges and potential resistance faced in embracing sustainability within private companies.

Additionally, it underscores the significance of monetizing sustainability and the role of ESG in driving sustainable transformations. This analysis offers valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders working towards achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Arguments

Digitalization of supply chains is inevitable and is the core nature of Lenovo’s business

Supporting facts:

• Digitalization improves efficiency, facilitates access to data, accelerates decision-making processes

Topics: Digitalization, Supply chains, Lenovo’s business model

---

The key downside to digitalization is its link to high energy consumption

Topics: Digitalization, Energy consumption

---

The barrier to digitalization is a key challenge

Supporting facts:

• Suppliers are at different levels of maturity in sustainability

• There is a need to engage suppliers and help them in their sustainability journey

Topics: Digitalization, Supplier Engagement, Sustainability Maturity

---

Lack of standardization in ESG reporting and regulation is an issue

Supporting facts:

• There is discrepancy in ESG data because of differences in regulations and standards globally

Topics: ESG Reporting, Standardization, Regulation

---

Need for collective effort to implement sustainable sourcing

Supporting facts:

• Need to onboard and assist suppliers in their sustainability journey

Topics: Sustainable Sourcing, Supplier Engagement, Collective Effort

---

Lenovo aligns with international standards rather than creating their own

Supporting facts:

• Lenovo is a signatory of United Nations Global

• They are working closely with SBTI, CDP, ECOVADIS, CEP, RMA and others

Topics: Corporate standards, Sustainability

---

A challenge in the industry is standard alignment to allow for easier comparison

Supporting facts:

• Difficult to compare different companies due to varying standards used

Topics: Sustainability, Industry standards

---

Lenovo acknowledges its duty in end-of-life product management and energy consumption during use

Supporting facts:

• 48% of Lenovo’s scope 3 is on product use and end-of-life management

Topics: Corporate Responsibility, End-of-life product management

---

Lenovo emphasizes importance of raising awareness and educating about digital transformation and its environmental impact

Supporting facts:

• Company views raising awareness and education as a corporate responsibility

Topics: Education, Digital transformation

---

Transparency and data sharing is crucial for circular economy

Supporting facts:

• Faced resistance in transparent data sharing project two years ago

• Market pressure is encouraging transparency now

Topics: Data sharing, Circular economy

---

Rapid digitalization can build competitive advantage in sustainability

Supporting facts:

• Faster digitization will accelerate transformation

Topics: Circular economy, Digitalization

---

Consumers are influencing Lenovo’s sustainability strategy a lot

Supporting facts:

• Virginie Le Barbu works at Lenovo

• Large corporations primarily influence Lenovo’s sustainability actions

Topics: Corporate Strategy, Sustainability

---

Lenovo is starting a big education program including the basics of sustainability

Supporting facts:

• The program will educate individuals on the impact of sustainability on the ICT industry, what Lenovo is doing at the corporate and value chain levels, and what it means in terms of solutions

Topics: Education, Sustainability

---

Virginie Le Barbu sees the need for standardization to accelerate progress into the adoption of circular economy and progressing on scope 3 emissions

Topics: Standardization, Circular Economy

---

Virginie Le Barbu believes in the necessity of collaboration, as companies cannot do it alone

Supporting facts:

• She observes more consortium and group of companies getting together

Topics: Collaboration

---

Report

The digitalisation of supply chains is considered unavoidable and forms the core of Lenovo’s business model. This digitalisation brings several benefits to supply chains, including improved efficiency, enhanced data accessibility, and accelerated decision-making processes. Lenovo recognises the importance of digitalisation and its impact on supply chain management.

One of the key advantages of digitalisation in supply chains is its ability to manage emissions and promote sustainability. Lenovo estimates that 99% of its scope’s emissions are linked to their downstream and upstream ecosystem. By embracing digitalisation, Lenovo can effectively manage past and future emissions, gain better visibility of the carbon footprint of its products, and adopt responsible procurement practices.

This exemplifies Lenovo’s commitment to SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production. However, it is essential to acknowledge the downside of digitalisation, which is its high energy consumption. This connection between digitalisation and energy consumption is a major concern that companies like Lenovo have to address.

Balancing the benefits of digitalisation with the need for energy efficiency and sustainability remains a challenge. Another challenge faced by Lenovo in their sustainability journey is the need for supplier engagement and support. Suppliers operate at different levels of sustainability maturity.

Lenovo recognises the importance of engaging suppliers and assisting them on their sustainability journey to create a more sustainable supply chain. ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting and regulation also pose obstacles to sustainability efforts. The lack of standardisation in ESG reporting and regulatory frameworks globally creates discrepancies in ESG data.

Lenovo faces the challenge of navigating these differing standards to ensure accurate and comparable reporting. Lenovo also emphasises the importance of sustainable sourcing and end-of-life product management. They acknowledge their responsibility in managing the end-of-life phase of their products, as 48% of their scope 3 emissions are attributed to product use and end-of-life management.

By aligning with international standards, like the United Nations Global Compact, Lenovo demonstrates its commitment to responsible production and consumption (SDG 12). Furthermore, Lenovo recognises the importance of education and raising awareness about the environmental impact of digital transformation. They view it as a corporate responsibility to educate individuals about sustainability in the ICT industry.

Lenovo is undertaking a significant education programme to provide insights into their sustainability actions and solutions. Transparency and data sharing are crucial for the advancement of a circular economy. Lenovo initially faced resistance in transparent data sharing projects but now observes market pressure encouraging transparency.

The company believes that transparency and data sharing play a central role in achieving a circular economy. Market pressure is increasingly driving sustainability expectations, and companies need to be competitive in this regard. RFPs (Request for Proposals) now place greater emphasis on sustainability, with sustainability accounting for 30% to 40% of the evaluation criteria.

Lenovo recognises the need to adapt and incorporate sustainability practices to remain competitive. Rapid digitalisation can provide a competitive advantage in sustainability. Companies that embrace digitalisation in their operations can accelerate their transformation towards sustainability. Lenovo understands the potential of digitalisation to create a positive impact on their sustainability goals.

Collaboration and partnerships also play a vital role in driving sustainability initiatives. Lenovo acknowledges that companies cannot achieve sustainability goals alone. More consortiums and groups of companies are coming together to collaborate and collectively address sustainability challenges. While large corporations primarily influence Lenovo’s sustainability actions, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) often lag in terms of awareness and education regarding sustainability practices.

Lenovo is actively working on a sustainability procurement guide and aims to educate its customers on sustainability aspects. In conclusion, Lenovo recognises the unavoidable and vital role of digitalisation in supply chains and their business model. They embrace digitalisation to improve efficiency, decision-making, and sustainability practices.

However, challenges such as high energy consumption, supplier engagement, standardisation in ESG reporting and regulations, and the need for education and awareness remain. Lenovo is committed to addressing these challenges, aligning with international standards, and collaborating with others to create a more sustainable future.

Arguments

Interest in adopting more AI in the customs department

Supporting facts:

• Sokka is from Cambodia and a part of the delegation attending the event

• Sokka leads a global infrastructure facilitation project

• He has been working closely with customs for the last four or five years

Topics: AI adoption, Customs Department, Cross-border e-commerce

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AI will become the new trend and it will change the business environment

Supporting facts:

• Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to adapt to this new environment in order to be competitive

Topics: AI, Business, Trends

---

There’s a need for examples of effective AI tool utilization that have minimal cost implications for SMEs

Supporting facts:

• Cost is a critical factor for SMEs in adopting AI

• Existing tools can introduce SMEs to AI, increasing their competitiveness

Topics: SMEs, Cost-effective AI tools, Business competitiveness

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Report

During the analysis, several related topics in the context of AI adoption and its impact on various sectors were discussed. The first speaker, Sokka from Cambodia, expressed a strong interest in adopting more AI in the customs department. He has been working closely with customs for the past four or five years and leads a global infrastructure facilitation project.

This indicates that Sokka has substantial knowledge and experience in the field, making his opinion valuable. The second speaker highlighted the importance of public sectors being mindful whilst adopting AI. Sokka sought advice for public sectors in Cambodia regarding AI adoption and inquired about the precautions they should take.

This suggests that Sokka recognises the potential risks and challenges associated with AI implementation in the public sector and wishes to ensure a smooth and successful adoption process. Moving on to the third speaker, they focused on how AI will become a new trend and transform the business environment.

It was emphasised that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to adapt in order to remain competitive. This implies that the speaker believes AI adoption to be a critical factor for SMEs in maintaining their relevance in the evolving business landscape.

The fourth speaker provided a practical approach for SMEs to get started with AI. They suggested that SMEs should consider using existing tools, as developing their own AI systems can be costly. This implies that the adoption of AI is not limited to large corporations and that even smaller businesses can take advantage of AI technologies through accessible and cost-effective options.

Finally, there was a discussion about the need for examples of effective and cost-effective AI tool utilisation specifically for SMEs. It was emphasised that cost is a critical factor for SMEs in adopting AI, and utilising existing tools can increase their competitiveness.

This indicates that a practical and financially viable approach to AI adoption is crucial for SMEs to fully embrace this transformative technology. In conclusion, the analysis highlighted the interest in adopting more AI in the customs department, the precautions public sectors should take while implementing AI, the importance of SMEs adapting to the new AI trend, the use of existing tools for SMEs to begin their AI journey, and the significance of cost-effective AI tool utilisation for SMEs.

It is evident that AI adoption is becoming increasingly crucial across sectors and that careful planning and consideration are necessary to ensure successful and beneficial implementation.

Arguments

AI should adapt to locals rather than locals learning to adapt to AI technologies

Supporting facts:

• In African nations like Senegal, most applications are in French or English, not in local languages like Wolof

• Education levels might not be enough to grasp AI and technology so the technology should be made accessible for local users

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, localization, language barrier

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Access to data is crucial for successful AI implementation

Supporting facts:

• The challenge of AI implementations is lack of data

• The public sector has abundant data that can be used for AI

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, data accessibility, public sector

---

E-commerce requires a broader definition than currently used

Supporting facts:

• Standard e-commerce models include website-based shopping

• E-commerce varies based on B2B or B2C clientele

• E-commerce includes technology and associated services, including logistics and payments

• E-commerce can also include mechanisms such as seeing a product on social media platforms like TikTok, communicating via WhatsApp, and purchasing using mobile money

Topics: E-commerce, Technological Advances, Business Models

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Future of e-commerce involves integrated use of various technologies and services

Supporting facts:

• Consumers discover, purchase, pay for and receive products using different technologies

• Example of e-commerce via various platforms, including TikTok, WhatsApp, and mobile money usage

Topics: E-commerce, Future Trends, Technological Integration

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MSMEs do not necessarily need to comprehend artificial intelligence or technology

Supporting facts:

• Birame Sock believes MSMEs do not need to know AI in the same way they don’t need to know Java or C++

• AI is viewed as a tool technology providers are supposed to implement to find better solutions

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, E-commerce, MSME

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Challenges with data relevancy on existing e-commerce platforms

Supporting facts:

• Data doesn’t reflect local needs or addresses

• African manufacturing countries are not listed on dropdown lists on some platforms

• Worked directly with Ministry of Commerce during COVID to build local e-commerce platform

Topics: E-commerce, Data Relevancy, African Market

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AI implementation in e-commerce should be characterized by digital and discovery, efficiency, affordability and accessibility, and rewarding

Supporting facts:

• Birame Sock discussed the concept of DEAR AI

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, E-commerce

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Impressed with integration work being done in Cambodia, observes work still needs to be done in Senegal and Africa

Topics: Integration work, Cambodia, Senegal, Africa

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AI could leverage advancing development

Topics: AI, Development

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Building closer relationships with successful models could be beneficial

Topics: Partnership, Exchange, Industrial models

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Retail companies’ need for packaging and other goods from foreign countries highlights the importance of global trade

Topics: E-commerce, Global business, Packaging trade

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Increasing data accessibility could improve operations

Topics: Data Accessibility

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Public sector or government might undervalue certain data that private sector finds valuable

Topics: Public sector, Private sector, Data exchange

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AI’s utility in image recognition for store inventory purposes and business mapping

Supporting facts:

• Use of AI data analytics by Lengo in Senegal to do inventory of small shops

• Use of image recognition to localize stores on Google Maps

Topics: AI, Image Recognition, Business Mapping, Inventory Management

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Report

The speakers engaged in a comprehensive discussion on the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and e-commerce, with a particular focus on the need for AI to adapt to local languages and the importance of data accessibility in the public sector.

They argued that for AI to be truly inclusive and accessible to all users, it should support local languages rather than expecting local users to learn new languages or adapt to AI technologies designed for other regions. As an example, it was observed that in African nations like Senegal, most applications are in French or English, rather than in local languages like Wolof.

This presents a major barrier for citizens who do not understand or have access to AI technologies due to the language barrier. Therefore, the consensus was that AI technology should be more inclusive of local languages, facilitating greater accessibility and adoption among local users.

The discussion also underscored the critical role of data accessibility for successful AI implementation, with the public sector identified as a key source of valuable data. Lack of data was acknowledged as a major challenge in AI implementations, and it was argued that the public sector possesses abundant data that can be effectively harnessed for AI.

Thus, it was posited that the public sector should make their data available for AI purposes, as access to relevant and diverse data sets is crucial for AI systems to deliver accurate and insightful outcomes. Furthermore, the speakers emphasized the responsibility of both technology providers and the public sector in using AI responsibly.

Technology providers were viewed as having the responsibility to implement AI in ways that are relevant, sensible, and beneficial to e-commerce environments. Meanwhile, the public sector was tasked with ensuring that the use of AI in e-commerce has a broad reach, providing accessibility to previously underserved stakeholders such as MSMEs (micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises).

It was argued that MSMEs do not necessarily need to comprehend artificial intelligence or technology intricacies, as AI is seen as a tool that technology providers can leverage to find better solutions for these businesses. Regarding e-commerce, it was noted that the traditional definition needs to be broadened beyond website-based shopping.

E-commerce was described as encompassing various technologies and associated services, including logistics, payments, and mechanisms such as product discovery on platforms like TikTok, communication via WhatsApp, and payments through mobile money. It was suggested that the future of e-commerce would involve the integrated use of multiple technologies and services to enhance consumer experiences and meet evolving demands.

The importance of the DEAR concept (Digital, Efficiency, Affordability & Accessibility, and Rewarding) in AI implementation for e-commerce was emphasized. This concept seeks to ensure that AI technologies used in e-commerce are characterized by digital and discovery, efficiency, affordability, and rewarding outcomes for both businesses and consumers.

By adhering to the DEAR principles, AI can help drive hyper-personalization of the shopping experience, tailoring it to individual consumers’ preferences and needs. Furthermore, the discussion highlighted challenges with data relevancy on existing e-commerce platforms, as data often fails to reflect local needs or addresses.

It was revealed that African manufacturing countries were not listed in drop-down menus on certain platforms, which limited their ability to engage in global e-commerce. To address this issue, collaborative efforts with government entities, such as working directly with the Ministry of Commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic, were presented as a strategy to build local e-commerce platforms that cater to local demands and preferences.

Additionally, the speakers acknowledged the need to facilitate the development of text-to-speech and speech-to-text solutions, particularly within local languages and dialects. Currently, there exists a gap in the development of dictionaries within these solutions, hindering technology accessibility for individuals who do not speak widely used languages.

By investing in the development of these solutions, technology can become more accessible to a broader population, thereby reducing inequalities and promoting inclusivity. In conclusion, the discussion highlighted the importance of adapting AI to local languages to ensure accessibility for all users.

It stressed the significance of data accessibility in the public sector and called for a responsible approach to AI implementation by technology providers and government entities. Furthermore, the need to redefine e-commerce beyond traditional models and embrace the integrated use of various technologies and services was emphasized.

The DEAR concept was presented as a framework for guiding AI implementation in e-commerce, focusing on digitalization, efficiency, affordability, accessibility, and rewarding outcomes. Challenges with data relevancy on existing e-commerce platforms were identified, underscoring the need for tailored solutions that address local needs and preferences.

Ultimately, the speakers emphasized the importance of inclusivity, accessibility, and responsible use of AI in shaping the future of e-commerce.

Arguments

Emerging technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, 3D printing and the Internet of Things are poised to bring significant disruption in global trade

Supporting facts:

• Fourth Industrial Revolution is here

• Emerging technologies are reshaping the flow of global trade at an unmatched pace

Topics: Global Trade, Blockchain, AI, 3D printing, IoT

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International trade should be more efficient, inclusive, and equal, benefiting not only multinational companies but also small and medium-sized enterprises and developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Innovations should empower micro, small and medium-sized enterprises

• Developing countries should access the opportunity presented by emerging technologies

Topics: International Trade, Inclusion, Equality, SMEs, Developing Countries

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Public-private collaboration is crucial to prepare for a future dominated by technology in trade

Topics: Public-private collaboration, Trade, Technology

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Report

The analysis highlights the transformative impact of emerging technologies on global trade. Specifically, blockchain, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and the Internet of Things are identified as key drivers of significant disruption in the industry. These technologies are reshaping the flow of trade at an unprecedented pace.

The speakers argue that international trade needs to become more efficient, inclusive, and equal in order to benefit all stakeholders. While multinational companies have traditionally dominated global trade, the speakers advocate for empowering micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). They believe that innovations should enable SMEs to harness the potential of emerging technologies and compete on a level playing field with larger companies.

Furthermore, it is emphasised that developing countries should have access to the opportunities presented by these technologies, ensuring that they are not left behind. The integration of AI-based business models is viewed as vital for SMEs’ integration into the global digital economy.

AI is seen as playing a significant role in advancing e-commerce, from chatbots and customer relations to smart logistics. Highlighting the potential of AI to streamline operations and enhance productivity, the speakers emphasise the need for SMEs to adapt and adopt AI-driven strategies to remain competitive in the global marketplace.

Public-private collaboration is recognised as crucial in preparing for a future dominated by technology in trade. The speakers argue that close cooperation between the public and private sectors is necessary to navigate the challenges and leverage the opportunities presented by emerging technologies.

By working together, governments and businesses can create an enabling environment and establish policies that foster innovation, encourage investment, and support the adoption of emerging technologies in trade. In conclusion, the analysis emphasises the transformative power of emerging technologies in shaping global trade.

The speakers call for international trade to become more efficient, inclusive, and equal, benefiting both multinational companies and SMEs in developing countries. The integration of AI-based business models into the global digital economy is seen as crucial for SMEs’ integration and competitiveness.

Additionally, public-private collaboration is recognised as vital in preparing for a technology-dominated future in trade. Through collaboration and strategic planning, stakeholders can navigate the challenges and seize the opportunities presented by emerging technologies in the realm of global trade.

Arguments

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and e-commerce provides a level playing field for local sellers and big players.

Supporting facts:

• AI can assist in logistical support, customer reviews management, pricing models, and inventory management.

• Through AI, e-commerce platform allows selling products to different parts of the country, breaking language barriers with translation services.

• AI-integrated e-commerce platform suggests smart attributes to include in product description.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, E-commerce, Small entrepreneurs, Rural India

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AI can optimize the utilization of SMEs in several ways

Supporting facts:

• AI can provide personalized product recommendations

• AI can assist in order processing, fulfillment and inventory management

• AI can be used for supply chain optimization and demand forecasting

• AI can be used to analyze and predict returns in businesses

Topics: E-commerce, AI, MSMEs

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Trends of AI application in e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• Use of social media in e-commerce

• Virtually try-on products

• AI-powered marketing and advertising

• Use of voice search and virtual assistants

• Chatbots are of big benefit in reducing costs for MSMEs

Topics: AI, E-commerce, Trends

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Indian government has initiatives to empower digital society and support young entrepreneurs

Supporting facts:

• Digital India Initiative is a flagship program to ensure a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy

• Startup India Project focuses on providing an ecosystem for young entrepreneurs to establish a business and gain resources

• Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) provides a level playing field for both small and large businesses

• ONDC will soon be infused with Google Cloud’s generative AI to simplify the interface

Topics: Digital India Initiative, Startup India Project, Indian Government

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MSMEs face several challenges in fully harnessing the potential of e-commerce and AI

Supporting facts:

• Data-related challenges: Due to lack of large amount of data for training AI algorithms

• Skill-related challenges: Lack of technical expertise and resources for training

• Cost-related challenges: high implementation and maintenance costs, cost of acquiring AI tools, training and hiring AI experts

• Company-related challenges: data security, privacy concerns, and regulatory compliance

Topics: E-commerce, Artificial Intelligence, MSMEs

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Artificial Intelligence has significant applications in custom space and logistics space.

Supporting facts:

• Artificial intelligence is being implemented in the custom space and logistic space.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Custom Space, Logistics

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Artificial Intelligence has risks and challenges.

Supporting facts:

• Artificial intelligence brings along challenges and risks while being exponentially adopted.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Risks, Challenges

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Understanding and usage of existing AI tools is important for MSMEs

Supporting facts:

• Artificial intelligence is not just about getting new software, but also about automating current processes

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, MSMEs

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Report

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the field of e-commerce has created opportunities for both local sellers and big players in the market. AI can assist in logistical support, customer reviews management, pricing models, and inventory management, streamlining operations and improving customer experience.

The use of translation services breaks language barriers, enabling businesses to sell products to different parts of the country and tap into new markets. AI provides personalised product recommendations, optimises order processing and fulfillment, and assists in supply chain optimisation and demand forecasting.

However, MSMEs face challenges in fully harnessing the potential of e-commerce and AI implementation. These challenges include data-related issues, a scarcity of technical expertise, high implementation and maintenance costs, and data security and compliance concerns. For effective AI implementation, MSMEs need to address the challenges they face.

This involves improving data quality, upskilling and training in AI, finding ways to make AI more affordable, and ensuring data security and compliance. Embracing AI and adapting to its emergence is necessary for businesses to remain competitive. Overall, the integration of AI and e-commerce offers promising opportunities for businesses.

AI can enhance various aspects of e-commerce, expand market reach, improve customer experience, and increase operational efficiency. Overcoming challenges, embracing AI, and adapting to its emergence is crucial for businesses to thrive in the digital era.

Arguments

Luca Graf believes logistics is a crucial success factor for e-commerce, and AI is a powerful technology that can enhance logistics.

Supporting facts:

• They implemented an application that translates HS codes from one country to another using an AI model.

• 95% of the articles are automatically translated by the system, only 5% is done manually.

• The system improves productivity and speed.

Topics: AI, E-Commerce, Logistics

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Luca Graf’s company attempted to leverage AI for return logistics, but without success.

Supporting facts:

• They tried to use AI to automate the process of checking returned items.

• The AI was supposed to categorize items based on their condition (A for resale, B for refurbishment).

• The project was not successful and they learned that AI should handle the normal decisions while humans handle the edge cases.

Topics: AI, Return Logistics

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Product market fit, reaching the market, and fulfilling delivery are key success factors for e-commerce.

Supporting facts:

• You need to have the right product available

• You need to find the right fit with the market and connect with your consumers through proper marketing

• You need to fulfill the promised delivery

Topics: E-commerce, Success factors, Logistics

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Small and medium-sized enterprises should look for available AI solutions on the market, as developing the technology independently is expensive and knowledge-intensive

Supporting facts:

• Building technology independently requires a lot of money and knowledge

• There are a lot of SaaS applications and open source applications available on the market

Topics: AI technology, small and medium-sized enterprises, market solutions

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Technology players should make their solutions available in diverse markets to cater to merchants looking for these solutions

Supporting facts:

• There are many products not available in certain markets where merchants are looking for solutions

Topics: Technology players, diverse markets, merchants

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The big opportunity in logistics lies in the cross-border e-commerce, requiring a fulfillment network for warehousing and distribution

Supporting facts:

• Businesses need to be able to deliver and send goods within a fair amount of time and at a fair amount of cost

Topics: logistics, cross-border e-commerce, fulfillment network

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Different sectors may need different types of AI to enhance their operations

Supporting facts:

• SME may need to see what AI is suitable for them

• Logistics can benefit from AI systems in their operations

• Marketplaces can use AI for product recommendations

Topics: AI, SME, Logistics, E-commerce

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AI is more suited than humans for certain tasks

Supporting facts:

• AI can work in repetitive tasks much faster than humans

• AI is more reliable and efficient than humans

• AI can perform tasks that are almost impossible for humans such as complex calculations or working in extreme temperatures

Topics: AI, Work efficiency

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AI is a disruptive technology which offers opportunities in efficiencies, better customer experience and sustainability

Topics: AI, disruptive technology, opportunities, efficiencies, customer experience, sustainability

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AI should be made accessible to users

Topics: AI, accessibility

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Logistics and supply chain management is a key element and AI can support these processes

Topics: logistics, supply chain management, AI

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Logistics perspective on customs

Supporting facts:

• Luca Graf mentions his preference for not having customs borders

Topics: Customs, Borders, Trade

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The importance of harmonization in customs work

Supporting facts:

• Luca Graf proposes harmonizing the way customs work in order to enhance global trade

Topics: Customs, Harmonization

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Reducing complexity in customs codes

Supporting facts:

• Luca Graf suggests reducing the number of custom codes to make processes simpler

Topics: Customs, Complexity

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Employing technology in customs

Supporting facts:

• Luca Graf notes the potential for technology to simplify tariff understanding for consumers

Topics: Customs, Technology

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AI technology can facilitate marketing, customer service and product planning

Supporting facts:

• Content can be easily created with GPT and open AI approaches

• There are translation tools based on AI

• There are many AI based services available optionally on technology platforms

• Shopify and other distributors provide AI based services in their app shop

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Marketing, Customer Service, Product Planning

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Report

This analysis covers a range of topics related to AI, logistics, and e-commerce. Luca Graf, a key figure in the discussion, believes that AI has the potential to enhance logistics in the e-commerce industry, leading to improvements in productivity and speed.

One of the notable achievements mentioned is the implementation of an application that translates HS codes from one country to another using an AI model. This application has proven effective, with 95% of articles automatically translated by the system, while only 5% require manual intervention.

The successful implementation of the application demonstrates the practicality and benefits of incorporating AI into logistics processes. However, not all attempts to use AI in logistics have been successful. Graf’s company attempted to leverage AI for return logistics, with the aim of automating the process of checking returned items.

The AI was intended to categorise items based on their condition (A for resale, B for refurbishment). However, this initiative did not yield the desired results, leading to the realisation that AI should handle normal decisions while humans handle the edge cases.

This experience highlights the need for careful consideration and evaluation when implementing AI in specific logistical tasks. The analysis also emphasizes the crucial success factors for e-commerce, namely product market fit, reaching the market, and fulfilling delivery. Graf highlights the importance of having the right product available and connecting with consumers through proper marketing.

Additionally, fulfilling promised delivery plays a significant role in ensuring customer satisfaction. These factors collectively contribute to the overall success and growth of an e-commerce venture. Regarding the adoption of AI in logistics and e-commerce, it is suggested that small and medium-sized enterprises look for available AI solutions on the market rather than attempting to develop the technology independently.

It is noted that building technology independently requires substantial financial investment and specialised knowledge. Instead, SMEs can benefit from the wide array of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and open-source applications already available. The importance of logistics in e-commerce is underscored, with successful e-commerce players heavily investing in this aspect of their operations.

Delays in delivery are highlighted as potential deterrents to customer satisfaction and retention. In the context of cross-border e-commerce, the analysis suggests that the big opportunity lies in developing a robust fulfilment network for warehousing and distribution. This concept aligns with the need to deliver goods in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost, thereby enhancing the overall customer experience.

Various sectors within e-commerce and logistics can benefit from AI systems, as demonstrated by the examples provided. Marketplaces can leverage AI for product recommendations, while logistics companies can utilise AI for planning, forecasting, optimising loads, and implementing steered robots, among other applications.

The ability of AI to enhance work efficiency and perform tasks that are challenging or impossible for humans, such as complex calculations or working in extreme temperatures, further underscores its value in these sectors. This analysis suggests that AI is a more suitable solution than humans for certain tasks, particularly those that are repetitive and require speed, reliability, and efficiency.

The adoption of AI is also seen as a means to improve processes, increase service productivity, and expedite decision-making. AI can aid in automation and enable better decision-making, resulting in increased efficiency and streamlined operations. It is important to assess different AI applications to ensure their suitability and effectiveness in addressing specific needs and challenges.

Testing should be conducted to evaluate the potential of AI to improve existing situations. AI is regarded as a disruptive technology that offers opportunities for efficiencies, better customer experiences, and sustainability. It is emphasised that AI should be made accessible to users, enabling them to benefit from its capabilities and potential.

The analysis further mentions the importance of incorporating AI into different aspects of business operations, such as marketing, customer service, and product planning. AI technology can facilitate content creation, translation, and numerous other services, with platforms like Shopify providing AI-based solutions through their app shops.

In addition to the main points discussed, some notable observations and insights can be gleaned from the analysis. For instance, the potential of AI in supporting customs processes is mentioned, with suggestions to reduce complexity in customs codes and employ technology to simplify tariff understanding for consumers.

Harmonising customs practices globally is also proposed as a strategy to enhance global trade. These insights shed light on the broader implications and opportunities associated with integrating AI into various sectors and industries. In conclusion, this analysis highlights the significant role that AI can play in enhancing logistics, e-commerce, and related processes.

The potential benefits include improvements in productivity, speed, and customer satisfaction. However, successful AI implementation requires careful consideration, evaluation, and alignment with specific needs and challenges. Overall, AI is viewed as a transformative technology that can drive efficiencies, improve customer experiences, and support sustainable growth in the logistics and e-commerce industries.

Arguments

The implementation of advanced technology, like AI, in Cambodia’s customs system

Supporting facts:

• Customs and Post have an MOU for electronic data exchange

• The system allows for advanced processing and release of goods

• AI will predict potential HS codes for declared items

• AI will assist in detecting fraud

Topics: Technology, Customs, Artificial Intelligence

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Sopheakdey Moeun advocates use of artificial intelligence(AI) to facilitate and simplify customs clearance process for cross-border e-commerce transaction.

Supporting facts:

• AI can predict HS codes for products, reducing complexity and time taken for clearance.

• AI could analyze captured images of products and provide clarity on formalities and preparations needed beforehand.

• Luke mentioned that AI might not handle 100% of the job but will reduce workload significantly and remaining jobs can be done manually by customs officer.

• AI powered software solutions are prioritized over hardware infrastructure due to budget limitations, existing infrastructure is considered for future investment only when current AI solution works properly.

Topics: Artificial Intelligence, E-commerce, Customs Clearance, Cross-border E-commerce transactions

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AI has several disadvantages including its accuracy and cost

Supporting facts:

• Lucas says we can’t 100% rely on AI

• Some AI may cost more and its return on investment should be considered

Topics: AI’s accuracy, AI’s cost

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AI is still developing and requires human supervision

Supporting facts:

• Human supervision is necessary to improve the process and accuracy of AI

Topics: AI development, human supervision

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Report

The implementation of advanced technology, specifically Artificial Intelligence (AI), in Cambodia’s customs system is highly beneficial. AI has the capability to predict potential Harmonised System (HS) codes for declared items, making the processing and release of goods more efficient. Additionally, AI can assist in detecting fraudulent activities, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of customs operations.

To ensure seamless system integration, strong collaboration and cooperation between the customs and postal units are crucial. This collaboration is achieved through the creation of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between customs and post for electronic data exchange. This electronic data exchange enables efficient information sharing, leading to faster and more accurate customs procedures.

In the context of cross-border e-commerce transactions, AI proves to be invaluable. It can significantly simplify the customs clearance process by predicting HS codes for products, reducing complexity and the time taken for clearance. Furthermore, AI can analyse captured images of products, providing clarity on formalities and preparations needed before clearance.

Sopheakdey Moeun, an advocate of AI implementation, highlights the importance of using AI to facilitate and simplify customs processes for cross-border e-commerce transactions. This benefits businesses and contributes to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (SDG 9) and Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8).

Another key argument is the need for fair competition in the market and the importance of keeping administrative costs for customs clearance reasonable. Logistic costs sometimes surpass product costs, posing challenges for market competition. Hiring third-party individuals for customs clearance adds to the total cost, making it difficult for businesses to compete.

By utilising AI in customs procedures, administrative costs can be reduced, promoting fair competition and reducing inequalities (SDG 10) while facilitating economic growth (SDG 8). However, it is important to consider the limitations of AI. Concerns arise regarding the accuracy and cost of implementing AI systems.

Lucas mentions that it is not possible to rely entirely on AI, highlighting the need for human supervision to improve the process and accuracy of AI. Some AI solutions may also be costly, and the return on investment must be carefully evaluated.

In conclusion, the implementation of advanced technology, particularly AI, in Cambodia’s customs system brings numerous benefits. It simplifies customs procedures, improves efficiency, detects fraud, reduces administrative costs, promotes fair competition, and contributes to achieving SDGs. However, concerns regarding the accuracy and cost of AI should be addressed, recognizing the need for ongoing development and human supervision to ensure optimal results.

Arguments

Sustainability is a major concern in the implementation of e-commerce, especially regarding regulations around data centers

Supporting facts:

• Data centers can become more efficient through AI, thus reducing environmental impact

• There is a concern about limiting regulations that may inhibit sustainability practices

Topics: Sustainability, E-commerce, Data centers, Regulations

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The developmental dimension of sustainability is often ignored, including job creation, dealing with poverty in the developing world.

Supporting facts:

• Majority of the world’s population don’t know what e-commerce is.

• Social cohesion is being lost through non-electronic commerce.

Topics: Sustainability, Development, Job Creation, Poverty

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Sustainability must be understood holistically, not just environmentally

Topics: Sustainability, Holistic Approaches

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Need for better global level coordination between postal operators and customs administrations to promote sustainable cross-border e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• The speaker is working on a project named ‘Global and Infrastructure Transportation Project’ in Cambodia that brought together two key players: the Customs and Postal Operators for better operational efficiency

• Before the implementation of the project, these two organisations essentially worked in silos

• A significant impact of the project has been to achieve improved collaboration between these two entities

• The project is implemented on behalf of Swiss Contact

Topics: Coordination, Postal Operations, Customs Administrations, Cross-border E-commerce, Sustainability

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The fate of digital gadgets after their life-span ends is concerning

Supporting facts:

• Many people bought modems which are now obsolete

• Jobs have been created but those who are not skilled in using digital gadgets are left behind

Topics: E-waste, Skill upgradation, Job creation

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Artificial intelligence is making some jobs obsolete

Supporting facts:

• AI is now performing tasks like transcription and translation

• People who lack the skills to adapt are being left behind

Topics: Artificial intelligence, Job market

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E-commerce has transformed how businesses operate

Supporting facts:

• Data is now a key commodity, controlled by a small number of powerful companies

Topics: E-commerce, Big Tech power

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More should be done to promote sustainability

Supporting facts:

• The view on sustainability held by big tech becomes the mainstream view, which needs to change

• More multi-stakeholder engagement may be the way forward

Topics: Sustainability, Private sector

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Coordination is currently lacking in the national level, and efforts need to be put towards breaking silos also amongst international organizations

Topics: Coordination, International Organizations, National Level

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E-commerce has an environmental, sustainability and developmental aspect to it and this needs to be considered

Topics: E-commerce, Environment, Sustainability, Development

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Report

Multiple speakers in the discussion emphasise the importance of sustainability in the context of e-commerce, particularly regarding regulations surrounding data centres. They highlight the potential for data centres to become more environmentally friendly by utilising artificial intelligence to improve efficiency.

However, there is concern about the possibility of restrictive regulations inhibiting sustainable practices in this sector. The significance of policy space is stressed to effectively regulate sustainability in e-commerce. The speakers argue that current regulations may hinder efforts to determine the terms of data storage, which could impede sustainability goals.

They emphasise the need to consider the developmental aspect of sustainability, including job creation and poverty reduction, especially in developing nations. While acknowledging that e-commerce has both positive and negative impacts, the speakers suggest conducting a cost-benefit analysis to better understand its necessity and benefits.

They caution against excessive regulation, as it may stifle innovation and economic progress, particularly in developing countries where policymakers may not fully understand the complexities of implementing effective regulations. The need for policy coherence and discussions across different sectors is highlighted as vital for global progress.

The speakers note that silos exist in all governments, leading to policy incoherence, and advocate for improved coordination and collaboration among stakeholders. They argue that sustainability should not be limited to environmental considerations alone, but should be approached holistically, encompassing broader developmental, economic, and social dimensions.

They stress the importance of promoting multi-stakeholder engagement to challenge and change the prevailing view on sustainability held by big tech companies. To promote sustainable cross-border e-commerce, better coordination between postal operators and customs administrations at a global level is deemed necessary.

The speakers provide an example of a successful project in Cambodia that brought together these two key players for enhanced operational efficiency, highlighting the positive impact of collaboration. The fate of digital gadgets after their lifespan ends is a pressing concern, as rapid technological advancements render them obsolete.

While e-commerce has created jobs, the speakers express concern that individuals lacking skills in using digital gadgets may be left behind, exacerbating social inequalities. The impact of artificial intelligence on the job market is another area of concern. AI now performs tasks such as transcription and translation, potentially making certain jobs redundant.

The concentration of data control in the hands of a few powerful companies in the e-commerce sector is also noted as a significant issue. The speakers advocate for proactive measures to promote sustainability, including greater multi-stakeholder engagement and improved coordination among international organizations.

They underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to e-commerce that takes into account its environmental, sustainability, and developmental aspects. It is concluded that the term “development” should not be separated from “sustainability” but should be understood as an integral part of the broader concept.

The speakers call for greater attention to be given to the interplay between sustainability and development in e-commerce discussions and initiatives.

Arguments

Going digital and using e-commerce is a pathway to growth for all developing countries

Supporting facts:

• e-commerce usage among small and medium-sized enterprises and micro enterprises make up about 95% of the developing country business ecosystem

Topics: E-commerce, Developing countries, Digital transformation, Growth

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The world’s current environmental crisis predicates that all new trade and economic policies should contribute to sustainability issues

Supporting facts:

• COP meetings reporting world occurrences of flooding, freezing, drying up, and burning

Topics: climate change, sustainability, economic policy, trade policy

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The importance of sustainability and e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• E-commerce continues to grow in all types of formats and is based on data flows which consume a lot of energy

• All types of economic activity, including trade in goods, services, finance, involve data

Topics: E-commerce, Sustainability

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The need for smart regulation of e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• We need to break the silos in WTO

• The WTO is the primary forum for such type of regulation

• From the 2008 financial crisis, we learned that lack of regulation can cause global damage

Topics: E-commerce, Regulation

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In e-commerce, there are sustainability dimensions that aren’t often considered.

Supporting facts:

• Even efficient systems like e-commerce have environmental impacts through data usage and electricity.

• The human dimension, including labor and working conditions, are significant factors in the sustainability of e-commerce.

• Packaging can have a large environmental footprint in e-commerce.

Topics: E-commerce, Sustainability, Environment, Labor

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Despite significant progress, no explicit focus on sustainability at the WTO negotiations on e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• JSI on e-commerce negotiations have substantially concluded 13 groups, last being on privacy

• Spam prevention, digital trade facilitation provisions like e-invoicing, e-contracts, paperless trading are some provisions having a tangible impact on the sustainability front

• Only 1% of trade documents are fully digitized, resulting in heavy paper usage

Topics: WTO, e-commerce, sustainability

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Private sector’s concern over sustainability in relation to e-commerce and trade

Supporting facts:

• Questions why private sector, especially that from the developing countries grappling with market access issues and meeting standards, should care about sustainability in relation to e-commerce and trade

Topics: Private sector, Sustainability, e-commerce

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Sustainability has to be understood in its holistic dimension and not environmental dimension alone

Topics: Sustainability, Holistic View, Environment

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Report

Going digital and embracing e-commerce is considered crucial for economic growth in developing countries. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and micro enterprises make up about 95% of e-commerce usage in developing countries, underscoring the importance of digital transformation at the grassroots level.

In light of the current environmental crisis, trade and economic policies must prioritize sustainability. The impact of climate change, such as flooding, freezing, drying up, and burning, reported at COP meetings, emphasizes the need for sustainable policies. Therefore, new policies should align with sustainable development goals and address climate change and other sustainability challenges.

Discussions regarding e-commerce and sustainability are crucial for shaping our future. The development of a paper on this subject and the increasing incidents of climate crises support the importance of these discussions. Integrating sustainability concerns into e-commerce practices is believed to have positive outcomes for economic and environmental aspects.

Smart regulation of e-commerce is necessary to address potential negative impacts and ensure sustainability. The lack of regulation can result in global damage, as seen in the 2008 financial crisis. Therefore, breaking the silos within the World Trade Organization (WTO) and establishing comprehensive regulations for e-commerce is crucial.

E-commerce and sustainability should be global concerns, demanding immediate action. The rapid development and widespread adoption of e-commerce call for measures to control and mitigate its impact. The convening power of the WTO should be utilized to prioritize e-commerce sustainability on the global agenda.

Additionally, there are often overlooked sustainability dimensions in e-commerce. Despite being considered efficient, e-commerce has environmental impacts through data usage and electricity consumption. The human dimension, including labor and working conditions, as well as the environmental footprint of packaging in e-commerce, contribute significantly to its sustainability.

While there has been significant progress in WTO negotiations on e-commerce, there has been no explicit focus on sustainability. Incorporating sustainability discussions explicitly into these negotiations is necessary to fully realize the potential of digitalization in reducing environmental impact. The private sector, especially from developing countries facing market access and standards compliance issues, should consider sustainability in relation to e-commerce and trade.

Adopting sustainable practices ensures environmental responsibility and contributes to decent work and economic growth. Sustainability encompasses social, economic, and environmental aspects and must be understood holistically for balanced and truly sustainable development. This approach is vital for climate action and conserving life on land.

When making decisions, reliance on evidence and thorough analysis is crucial, rather than opinions. Evidence-based practices and analysis inform policies and actions related to industry, innovation, and infrastructure. Addressing the digital divide and sustainability divide is pressing to prevent the replication of 20th-century inequalities.

Attention should be given to these issues to ensure that digital and sustainability benefits are accessible to all and do not exacerbate existing inequalities. In conclusion, embracing digitalization and e-commerce is crucial for economic growth in developing countries. However, this must be done sustainably, considering environmental, social, and economic aspects.

Integrating sustainability discussions into WTO negotiations and implementing smart regulation are essential for prosperous and environmentally responsible e-commerce practices. Collaboration between the private sector, governments, and international organizations is necessary to ensure a holistic and equitable approach to e-commerce and sustainability, creating a better future for all.

Report

During the conversation, the sound technician confirmed his role in the meeting as the audio recording specialist. He mentioned that he was available to assist with any technical issues, providing his contact details for reference. The participants noted that they did not require any high-tech equipment, such as microphones, as the recording could be executed without them in a room of that size.

They expressed their satisfaction with the low-tech nature of the meeting, stating that they did not have any presentations or PowerPoint slides. The conversation then shifted to the topic of room allocation, with participants mentioning the difficulty in finding the right rooms.

They highlighted the confusion caused by unclear instructions regarding room locations, mentioning instances where room details were not provided or where doubts arose regarding which room to go to. They described the building as a labyrinth and expressed their struggle to navigate it, noting that even after spending days and nights there, they still did not fully comprehend its layout.

They jokingly referred to some rooms as “secret” and agreed that the building’s configuration made finding rooms a challenging task. The participants briefly discussed their professions and connections to the ministry. One participant mentioned being a teacher based in Paris and being a part of a Brazilian film team, while another participant mentioned being a former peace engineer with a longstanding connection to the ministry.

Towards the end of the conversation, the participants discussed photography and the upcoming reception. One participant mentioned providing their information to the photographer and confirmed arrangements for being picked up in front of their colleagues. The conversation concluded with some lighthearted remarks and compliments exchanged among the participants.

Overall, the conversation mainly revolved around technical matters related to audio recording, challenges faced with room allocation, and casual discussions about the participants’ professions and connections. The participants exhibited a sense of humour and camaraderie throughout the conversation, highlighting their willingness to engage in small talk and make light of the difficulties they experienced.

Arguments

Embedding digital and sustainability into business models is a strategic imperative for businesses.

Supporting facts:

• Businesses are focusing on digital and sustainability as their top priorities.

• Businesses are becoming data and services companies built around internet and data.

Topics: Digitalization, Sustainability, Business Strategies

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Businesses are prioritizing sustainability but still lack in reporting their impact.

Supporting facts:

• 83% of businesses are prioritizing sustainability, but only 8% are reporting their impact.

Topics: Sustainability, Business Reporting

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WTO reform is necessary to address contemporary issues such as trade, environment, and sustainability

Supporting facts:

• The ICC publication submission on WTO reform sets out a holistic framework

• ICC has gathered views of multiple stakeholders on this issue

Topics: WTO reform, Trade, Environment, Sustainability

---

Planning to go deeper into different areas for a revised version of a certain document

Topics: Document Revision, In-depth Analysis

---

MSMEs should be supported in their digital transition and sustainability.

Supporting facts:

• Digital allowed millions of small businesses across the world to stay afloat during COVID-19 pandemic.

• Exports and digital technologies are now linked and we’re adding sustainability.

• MSMEs in rural areas should have access to the internet.

• MSMEs can find buyers and sell products globally thanks to the internet.

• Responsible businesses recognize the need for sustainability.

• Digital technologies should be used in order to set environmental targets, measure and achieve them.

Topics: Digitalization, Sustainability, MSMEs

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Emphasizes on bringing together the multi-stakeholder conversation

Topics: sustainability, multi-stakeholder collaboration

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believes in the need for proper examination of competition laws relating to the green transition

Supporting facts:

• She mentioned about papers on how competition laws could be slowing the green transition

Topics: sustainability, competition law, green transition

---

Report

The analysis reveals several key points regarding the priorities and challenges faced by businesses in relation to digitalization and sustainability. It is observed that businesses are increasingly focusing on integrating digitalization and sustainability into their business models as strategic imperatives.

This highlights a shift towards becoming data and services companies built around the internet and data. The sentiment towards this trend is largely positive, recognizing the benefits and opportunities associated with embedding digital and sustainability practices. However, while businesses prioritize sustainability, there is a significant gap when it comes to reporting their environmental impact.

The analysis highlights that only 8% of businesses currently report their impact, despite 83% prioritizing sustainability. This discrepancy raises concerns as reporting is important for transparency and accountability in sustainable business practices. Consequently, there is a call for businesses to improve their reporting efforts to ensure that their sustainability initiatives are effectively communicated to stakeholders.

Another challenge identified is the complexity of environmental and sustainability regulations, which can exclude businesses from international trade. This is particularly evident for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), especially in developing countries. The proliferation of regulations can disproportionately impact these businesses, hindering their participation in global trade.

The sentiment regarding this issue is neutral, acknowledging the complexity of balancing environmental regulations with trade facilitation for businesses. To address these challenges, there is a need for reform within the World Trade Organization (WTO). Specifically, there is a call for the WTO to take concrete actions, such as agreeing on digital rules, renewing and making permanent the moratorium, reviving negotiations on environmental goods and services, and collaborating on the trade facilitation agreement.

The analysis highlights the absence of digital rules within the WTO, particularly in relation to the free flow of data and data localization requirements. Renewing and permanently enforcing the moratorium is seen as a way to prevent excessive bureaucracy that could hinder businesses.

Additionally, negotiations on environmental goods and services are deemed essential for promoting circular economy practices and sustainable trade. Collaboration with businesses on the trade facilitation agreement is emphasized as a means to optimize border procedures through multilateral and multi-stakeholder policy coordination.

Overall, the sentiment towards these proposed actions is positive, recognizing the potential benefits of WTO reform in addressing contemporary trade-environment and trade-digital issues. Moreover, the analysis underscores the importance of WTO principles, such as transparency, non-discrimination, and Most-Favored Nation treatment, in implementing environmental regulations.

It also highlights the need for stronger multilateralism to effectively handle the increasing complexity of trade and environmental issues. This reiterates the significance of collaboration and cooperation among nations to address global challenges. The analysis also discusses the potential of the circular economy, with only 7.2% of the global economy currently operating in a circular manner.

It is emphasized that 90% of materials ending up in landfills could be reused, recovered, repaired, repurposed, or refurbished. Therefore, there is a need for new rules and practices to support the transition to a circular economy. Developing economies are identified as having the most to gain from embracing circular practices, as they often bear the burden of waste disposal.

In terms of digitalization and sustainability, there is a call to support micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in their transition towards digital technologies and sustainability. The analysis highlights that digitalization enabled millions of small businesses to stay afloat during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additionally, it is noted that MSMEs in rural areas should have access to the internet to unlock their full potential and enable global market participation. The sentiment is positive towards supporting MSMEs in their digital transition and sustainability efforts as it is seen as crucial for their basic competitiveness and business viability.

Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration in addressing contemporary challenges. There is an emphasis on bringing together various stakeholders to have comprehensive conversations and develop effective solutions. Lastly, the analysis touches upon the examination of competition laws relating to the green transition.

It is argued that proper examination of these laws is needed to ensure they do not hinder the application of the best solutions for sustainability. The sentiment towards this issue is negative, suggesting a concern that current competition laws may not fully support the transition towards green practices.

In conclusion, the analysis highlights the increasing focus on digitalization and sustainability as key priorities for businesses. It identifies challenges such as the low reporting of environmental impact and the complexity of environmental regulations. The need for WTO reform to address trade-environment and trade-digital issues is emphasized, along with the potential of the circular economy and the importance of supporting MSMEs in their digital transition and sustainability efforts.

The significance of multi-stakeholder collaboration, examination of competition laws, and the negative impact of unfair subsidies are also noted. Overall, the analysis underscores the importance of integrating digital and sustainable practices into business models and calls for collaborative efforts to drive positive change.

Arguments

E-commerce and sustainability are interconnected

Supporting facts:

• Rising use of e-commerce and artificial intelligence is resulting in increased energy consumption

• E-commerce is growing in all formats and is based on data flows which consume a lot of energy

Topics: E-commerce, Sustainability, Climate Change

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The World Trade Organization (WTO) needs to implement smart regulation on e-commerce

Supporting facts:

• 2008 financial crisis was a result of no regulation, indicating the need for regulation in e-commerce

• The WTO is the primary forum for regulation of e-commerce

Topics: WTO, E-commerce, Regulation

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It is crucial to establish an open yet regulated e-commerce environment

Supporting facts:

• There is a relationship between openness and regulation

• Countries that are open and regulated fair better

• US withdrew from discussing data flows in the JSI

Topics: regulation, e-commerce, JSI, data flow

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Reframing moratorium in terms of sustainability could be a way forward

Supporting facts:

• Moratorium has been extended every two years

• Moratorium could be considered as an environmental incentive

Topics: moratorium, sustainability, WTO

---

Interacting with servers and managing the transit of data can potentially slow it down, making it inefficient and environmentally damaging.

Supporting facts:

• During e-commerce negotiations, Victor encountered discussions regarding server interactions and data flow.

• There are technical complexities around data transit and storage that could have environmental implications.

Topics: E-commerce, Data management, Environmental Impact

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Regulation in e-commerce should be smart to promote innovation in developing countries.

Supporting facts:

• Victor agrees with Pradeep that improperly handled regulations can kill innovation.

• Smart regulations could possibly encourage innovation in poorer countries.

Topics: E-commerce, Regulation, Innovation

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The environmental impact of e-commerce affects everyone, especially those in the global south.

Supporting facts:

• The rich pollute, the poor suffers the consequences.

• There should be consideration of environmental impacts when discussing e-commerce.

Topics: E-commerce, Environmental Impact, Global South

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A correct cost-benefit analysis is essential, for which right measurements are necessary.

Supporting facts:

• Measurement of trade increased due to buying things online are complex.

• Understanding these measurements is crucial for an accurate cost-benefit analysis.

Topics: E-commerce, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Measurement

---

The creation of an interagency task force to explore the positive aspects of e-commerce on sustainability

Supporting facts:

• He emphasizes the need for a fresh perspective and a multifaceted view of the issue, including not just governments and international organizations, but think tanks, scientists and businesses.

• Mentioned the importance of fast paced discussion given the complexity of the issue

Topics: E-commerce, Sustainability, Interagency Task Force

---

WTO should be the anchor for democratic discussions pertaining to smart regulations

Supporting facts:

• WTO has a history of convening these types of discussions

• Geneva central has lots of vacancies

Topics: WTO, Democratic Discussions, Smart Regulations

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Coordination is lacking in international organizations

Supporting facts:

• Pradeep stated silos exist within national level

• A greater effort to break these silos is needed

Topics: Coordination, International organizations

---

Report

The analysis indicates a strong interconnection between e-commerce and sustainability. It highlights the rising use of e-commerce and artificial intelligence, resulting in increased energy consumption. E-commerce, growing in all formats and relying on data flows, consumes a significant amount of energy.

This underlines the need to address the environmental impacts of e-commerce and pursue a more sustainable approach. The analysis also highlights the importance of regulation in ensuring the sustainability of e-commerce. It refers to the 2008 financial crisis as an example of the consequences of a lack of regulation, emphasising the necessity for regulation in e-commerce.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is identified as the primary forum for regulating e-commerce. The argument is made that the WTO should implement smart regulations on e-commerce to encourage innovation and development in developing countries. Additionally, there is a need for interconnected discussions that break the existing silos within the WTO.

Currently, separate discussions on trading goods, services, and intellectual property hinder the integration of environmental considerations. Therefore, it is recommended that discussions within the WTO integrate with the environmental committee to effectively address the sustainability aspects of e-commerce. The analysis also highlights the urgency of controlling the detrimental environmental impacts of e-commerce due to its rapid growth.

The WTO is urged to prioritize e-commerce sustainability in its discussions. The positive aspects of e-commerce are acknowledged, including paperless trade, e-contracts, and transit rules that have positive environmental impacts and reduce pollution. These positive aspects should be considered alongside the electricity consumption associated with e-commerce.

Furthermore, the analysis suggests reframing the moratorium in terms of sustainability to address environmental concerns. The moratorium, extended every two years, could be seen as an environmental incentive to foster sustainable practices in the e-commerce sector. The developmental aspects of e-commerce are also emphasized, including the need for technical assistance and the operationalization of technology transfer.

The analysis points out that having both hardware and software is crucial, but high import duties on hardware in many countries pose a challenge. The environmental impact of e-commerce is not limited to a particular region; it affects everyone, especially those in the global south.

Therefore, it is imperative to consider the environmental repercussions when discussing and regulating e-commerce. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the costs and benefits of e-commerce, accurate measurements are essential. The analysis suggests that an accurate cost-benefit analysis requires the right measurements and highlights the complexity in measuring trade due to online purchases.

To explore further the positive aspects of e-commerce on sustainability, the analysis recommends creating an interagency task force. This task force should include not only governments and international organizations but also think tanks, scientists, and businesses. It is important to consider multiple perspectives to ensure a comprehensive and inclusive approach.

The analysis also observes the need for coordination within international organizations and emphasizes the importance of breaking silos. It highlights the lack of coordination in international organizations and calls for a greater effort to address this issue. In conclusion, the analysis emphasizes the interconnection between e-commerce and sustainability, while stressing the need for regulation and integrated discussions within the WTO.

It underscores the urgency of addressing the environmental impacts of e-commerce and promoting its positive aspects. Additionally, the analysis highlights the importance of considering the developmental and environmental aspects of e-commerce, accurately measuring its impacts, and establishing coordination within international organizations

Arguments

JSI negotiations have substantially concluded 13 groups, the last being on privacy.

Supporting facts:

• Last round of JSI negotiations took place in 2023

• Protection of personal data is a key aspect under discussion.

Topics: Digital trade, JSI negotiations, E-commerce

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Provisions in e-commerce rules have tangible impacts on sustainability.

Supporting facts:

• 90 WTO members came together to tackle spam, which has an environmental impact.

• Various provisions like e-invoicing, e-contracts, and single windows facilitate digitization, thereby reducing environmental damage.

Topics: Sustainability, E-commerce, Spam

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Indigenous rights and the interests of minority communities are not adequately discussed.

Supporting facts:

• These topics are expected to be discussed in the coming year.

Topics: E-commerce, Indigenous rights, Minority communities

---

Sustainability should be factored into policy-making process when setting up data centers

Supporting facts:

• Singapore due to limited land, ruled out possibility of hosting data centers

• Cold climates are more conducive for data centers due to the requirement of keeping temperatures low

Topics: sustainability, policy-making process, data centers

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There needs to be more work done in socializing stakeholders and people about the benefits of digital transformation

Supporting facts:

• Digital transformation is directly impacting professionals’ lives

• Digital transformation can assist in job creation and provision of services online

Topics: digital transformation, socializing stakeholders

---

Need to bring together stakeholders including governments, companies, and individuals

Topics: Collaboration, Digital Transformation, Sustainability

---

Interests of stakeholders need to be aligned to extract common value

Topics: Stakeholder Engagement, Value Creation

---

The discourse around digital transformation and sustainability needs data and fact-based discussion

Topics: Data Analysis, Digital Transformation, Sustainability

---

There should be focus on worker protection, especially in gig economy

Supporting facts:

• Pradeep’s mention of job importance and adequate protection

Topics: Worker Protection, Gig Economy, Sustainability

---

Report

The analysis of the speaker’s statements reveals several important points regarding the ongoing JSI negotiations and their implications for various topics, including privacy, sustainability, indigenous rights, and worker protection. The JSI negotiations discuss the protection of personal data, highlighting the importance of addressing privacy concerns in digital trade.

However, the analysis also points out that indigenous rights and the interests of minority communities are not adequately discussed in these negotiations. This raises concerns about the inclusivity and equity of the discussions, as it is crucial to ensure the voices and rights of marginalized groups are taken into account.

On the topic of sustainability, the analysis highlights that provisions in e-commerce rules can have tangible impacts on sustainability. Measures to tackle spam, for example, contribute to reducing the environmental impact of digital activities. Additionally, provisions such as e-invoicing, e-contracts, and single windows facilitate digitization, reducing environmental damage.

This demonstrates the potential of e-commerce regulations to promote more sustainable practices. The analysis also emphasizes the importance of considering sustainability in the policy-making process when setting up data centres. It mentions that Singapore, due to limited land availability, ruled out hosting data centres, indicating a consideration for long-term sustainability.

Furthermore, the analysis notes that cold climates are more conducive to data centres as they require lower energy consumption to maintain low temperatures. This highlights the need to factor in sustainability considerations when making decisions about the location and operation of data centres.

Furthermore, the analysis highlights the positive contribution of e-commerce to development-centric objectives and job creation. It mentions that South Asians are using platforms like Fiverr and digital labour platforms to provide services, creating economic opportunities, particularly in places like the US.

This underscores the potential of e-commerce to contribute to decent work and economic growth. Another important observation from the analysis is the need for more work in socialising stakeholders about the benefits of digital transformation. It suggests that there is a lack of awareness and understanding among stakeholders about how digital transformation can assist in job creation and the provision of services online.

This emphasises the importance of engaging and educating stakeholders about the potential advantages of digital transformation. Additionally, the analysis highlights the significance of collaboration and partnership among stakeholders, including governments, companies and individuals, to address the complexities of e-commerce and sustainability.

It stresses the need to bring these stakeholders together to align their interests and extract common value. Moreover, the analysis emphasises the importance of basing the discourse around digital transformation and sustainability on data and facts. It suggests that a fact-based discussion is essential for understanding the true impacts and potential benefits of digital transformation for sustainability.

The analysis also underscores the need for worker protection, particularly in the gig economy. It mentions the importance of providing adequate protection for workers, considering factors such as job security and fair working conditions. In conclusion, the analysis reveals several noteworthy insights.

It highlights the key aspects of the JSI negotiations, such as the discussion on the protection of personal data. It also points out the need to address indigenous rights and the interests of minority communities in these discussions. Additionally, the analysis emphasizes the impacts of e-commerce regulations on sustainability and the importance of considering sustainability in the policymaking process for data centres.

The analysis also underscores the positive contributions of e-commerce to development objectives and job creation, as well as the need for increased stakeholder engagement and awareness about digital transformation. Finally, it stresses the importance of worker protection and the establishment of reliable and concrete rules around sustainability and digital transformation by countries and international entities like the WTO.

Arguments

E-commerce offers a real opportunity to promote green, sustainable supply chains

Supporting facts:

• The future of trade is digital services and green

• There is a transition that is going to happen

Topics: E-commerce, Sustainable technologies, Green technologies

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Work conditions of e-commerce in least developed countries needs to be deeply considered

Supporting facts:

• E-commerce in those countries is particularly a wide, informal sector

• Work hours are unstable, and there’s no social security or health insurance

Topics: E-commerce, Work conditions, Informal sector

---

Task force can bridge knowledge gaps and data and information gaps in developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Difficult to collect useful data on e-commerce activity in developing countries

• Task force contribution can help unveiling the missing data

Topics: E-commerce, Developing countries, Task force, Information gaps

---

Implementing coercive rules on green energy usage by businesses may not be 100% efficient

Supporting facts:

• Businesses might see these green laws as costly, and thus, immediately rendering them inefficient

Topics: Green Energy, Business Regulation

---

Dialogue and collective action are imperative for incremental changes towards sustainability

Supporting facts:

• The complexity and intensity of the current challenges necessitates the involvement of all stakeholders, not just policymakers

Topics: Collective Action, Sustainability

---

A cultural shift among consumers is also required for a sustainable e-commerce sector

Supporting facts:

• The responsibility of sustainable e-commerce practices is shared among private sector, government, and consumers

Topics: Culture, E-commerce, Sustainability

---

Concern over the increasing e-waste problem

Supporting facts:

• A UN interagency group has been set up to address e-waste, including agencies like WHO due to the potential health hazards of e-waste

• About 80% of e-waste is unreported, untracked or unrecycled, often dumped in developing countries

Topics: e-commerce growth, Health hazards, Environment impact

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The balance of power in the world is different and needs to be accepted

Supporting facts:

• Organizations need to break their own silos and come together to tackle challenges

Topics: Power Dynamics, Global Challenges

---

The need for ongoing dialogue and collective action

Supporting facts:

• These challenges are becoming our future and universal

Topics: Private Sector, Competition, Collaboration

---

The importance of a comprehensive multi-stakeholder approach to sustainability

Supporting facts:

• Everyone is facing the challenges of sustainability

Topics: Sustainability, Collective Action

---

Report

The analysis examines various aspects of e-commerce and its impact on sustainability and development. One of the main points highlighted is the potential of e-commerce to promote green and sustainable supply chains, offering a real opportunity for the future of trade.

However, concerns are raised regarding the work conditions in least developed countries where e-commerce is prevalent, emphasizing the need for better consideration and improvement. To address environmental issues, the analysis suggests cross-disciplinary dialogue and the establishment of task forces, bringing together ministries to develop projects that aid countries in implementing sustainable practices.

Ongoing dialogue is also necessary to address the evolving technologies related to e-commerce. The analysis emphasizes the knowledge and data gaps in developing countries and suggests task forces as a solution to bridge these gaps and gain a better understanding of e-commerce in these nations.

Additionally, a developmental and sustainable approach to e-commerce is advocated, particularly for bridging the digital divide in developing countries. The growing problem of e-waste associated with e-commerce is also discussed, highlighting the need for trade agreements to consider this issue and promote circular trade and sustainability.

Collective action and dialogue are deemed imperative for incremental changes towards sustainability, with stakeholders from all sectors, including the private sector and consumers, playing a crucial role. Moreover, the analysis stresses the importance of cultural shifts among consumers for a sustainable e-commerce sector.

In summary, the analysis underscores the opportunities and challenges of e-commerce in terms of sustainability and development. It highlights the need for a comprehensive and collaborative approach involving task forces, cross-disciplinary dialogue, and a focus on work conditions, social protections, and e-waste in trade agreements.

Ongoing dialogue and collective action are essential for driving positive change in the sector.

Arguments

Quality data is essential for regulatory agencies to carry out their jobs effectively

Supporting facts:

• Regulatory agencies can use data to ensure e-commerce businesses comply with relevant laws and regulations

• Data is needed to collect customs duties and taxes

• Data is needed to ensure safety measures and detect cybersecurity threats

• Data is used for risk assessment and for creating a transactional data pattern to spot fraudulent activities

Topics: data quality, regulatory agencies

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Timely access to data allows for smoother operation such as easy calculation of customs duties and on-time clearance of goods

Topics: data accessibility, trade facilitation, customs duties

---

Report

Quality data is essential for regulatory agencies to effectively carry out their responsibilities. These agencies rely on data to ensure that e-commerce businesses comply with relevant laws and regulations, promoting a fair and secure online marketplace. Data is crucial for collecting customs duties and taxes accurately, facilitating smooth trade operations.

It is also indispensable for ensuring safety measures and detecting cybersecurity threats, protecting businesses and consumers. Timely access to data allows for the smooth operation of trade, promoting economic growth. However, rules and regulations must be established to protect the safety and integrity of the data shared with regulatory agencies, ensuring responsible data handling.

Overall, data plays a significant role in regulatory oversight and is vital for effective regulatory practices.

Arguments

Data analysts should be paid well to ensure they don’t sell data

Supporting facts:

• Data analysts in ecommerce can be tempted to sell data if not adequately compensated

Topics: data analysis, e-commerce, salary

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Alex is curious to know if issues regarding data quality, accuracy, and integrity should be addressed in a business-to-government (B2G) or business-to-business (B2B) context

Supporting facts:

• Alex works with the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law

• Joaquin and other panelists have mentioned issues about data quality and integrity during the discussion

Topics: Data Transactions, Data Integrity, Data Quality, Data Accuracy, B2G, B2B

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Data from large corporations is not readily available to startup businesses due to fear of competition

Supporting facts:

• The speaker notes the difficulty for startups to access real data from larger, established companies due to the competitive nature of business.

• Trend data, rather than real data, are commonly made available.

Topics: Data Management, Data Governance, Startups, Business Competition

---

The differences between data governance and data management

Supporting facts:

• The speaker has been working in the field for over five years and still struggles with defining data governance.

Topics: data governance, data management, privacy, data protection law

---

Discussion on whether the principles discussed apply only to personal data or also to industrial data

Topics: data governance, personal data, industrial data, data protection

---

Accessing data from private companies for policy making

Supporting facts:

• aggregate data is a big aspect of business models of private entities

• the UPU has some data governance policies and sharing agreements

Topics: Data governance, Policy making, Public-private cooperation

---

Willingness and potential issues of private companies sharing data with government

Supporting facts:

• this data sharing can potentially affect companies’ trade secrets

Topics: Data sharing, Public-private cooperation, Trade secrets

---

Data can be used for negative purposes such as racial profiling and discrimination

Supporting facts:

• The questioner attended several courses with the UNCTAD where this issue was hinted

Topics: Data governance, Racial Discrimination

---

There is a need for international regulation of data to protect against misuse

Topics: Data governance, Law

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It’s important to address inter-system operability and mutual recognition in terms of data governance within the African Continental Free Trade Area.

Supporting facts:

• Darago Rachid is the director of e-commerce promotion in his country Togo and has been involved in negotiating the digital-trade protocol of the African Continental Free Trade Area.

• He mentions the importance of inter-system operability, mutual recognition, electronic signatures, electronic authentication, and digital identification in the dialogue around data governance.

Topics: Data Governance, Electronic Trade

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Report

During the discussion, several speakers touched upon different aspects of data governance and its implications in various sectors. One important topic that arose was the need for fair compensation for data analysts in the e-commerce industry. It was noted that data analysts in this field might be tempted to sell data if they are not adequately compensated.

This argument emphasizes the importance of providing competitive salaries to ensure that data analysts are not driven to misuse valuable data. Another significant point raised was the potential benefits of employing data analysts in agencies like the UP (United Nations Postal Union) to boost e-commerce.

Although no specific supporting facts were mentioned, it can be inferred that having data experts within specialized agencies can contribute to the development and enhancement of e-commerce initiatives. The discussion also shed light on the critical issue of data quality, accuracy, and integrity in a business-to-government (B2G) or business-to-business (B2B) context.

Alex, who works with the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, expressed curiosity regarding whether these issues should be addressed in either the B2G or B2B arena. This reflects the growing concern over maintaining high standards of data management and governance, specifically in relation to quality, accuracy, and integrity.

Furthermore, the challenge faced by startups in accessing real data from larger, more established companies due to competitive dynamics was highlighted. The competitive nature of business often leads to the unavailability of real data, with trend data being commonly made accessible instead.

However, it was argued that startups should have access to accurate data in order to stay competitive and innovative. This implies that providing startups with access to real data can greatly impact their success in the market. The discussion also touched upon the topic of accessing data from private companies for policy making.

It was mentioned that aggregate data plays a significant role in the business models of private entities, and the UPU (United Postal Union) has some data governance policies and sharing agreements. This signifies the potential for collaboration between public and private sectors to leverage data for effective policy making.

However, the willingness of private companies to share data with the government, along with the potential issues related to trade secrets, needs to be thoroughly considered. It was acknowledged that data sharing between private companies and the government can potentially affect companies’ trade secrets.

Notably, the negative implications of data misuse, such as racial profiling and discrimination, were also addressed. The speakers acknowledged that data can be used for negative purposes, emphasizing the need for international regulation to protect against such misuse. Lastly, in the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area, the importance of inter-system operability and mutual recognition in terms of data governance was discussed.

Darago Rachid, the director of e-commerce promotion in Togo, highlighted the significance of these aspects in the ongoing negotiations on the digital-trade protocol within this area. In conclusion, the discussion on data governance covered various crucial aspects, including fair compensation for data analysts in e-commerce, the role of data analysts in specialized agencies, the importance of addressing data quality and integrity within the B2G and B2B context, the challenge faced by startups in accessing real data, the opportunities and challenges of accessing private company data for policy making, the need for international regulation to prevent data misuse, and the focus on inter-system operability and mutual recognition in data governance within the African Continental Free Trade Area.

These insights highlight the complex and multifaceted nature of data governance and the need for proactive consideration of various factors to ensure fair, responsible, and effective use of data in different sectors.

Arguments

Data quality and accessibility are key concerns

Supporting facts:

• Data needs to be quality ensured and accessible to effectively leverage it

• Regulatory institutions and businesses are in a two-way relationship when it comes to data sharing

Topics: Data Quality, Data Accessibility, Regulation, Startups

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Data governance is vital and framework needs to be in place

Supporting facts:

• Data governance meant for controlling data misuse

• A clear framework is needed to understand how long organizations can keep data, the limits on its use

Topics: Data Governance, Regulations

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Developing countries in Africa need to enforce and adapt data governance policies

Supporting facts:

• Many developing countries in Africa don’t have any form of data governance policies in place

Topics: Data Governance, Developing Countries

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Report

In the discussion, data quality and accessibility are highlighted as key concerns. It is acknowledged that data needs to be quality assured and accessible in order to effectively leverage its potential. The relationship between regulatory institutions and businesses, particularly startups, in terms of data sharing is also explored.

One speaker in the discussion supports data sharing between regulatory institutions and businesses, emphasizing the value it can bring and the mutual benefits that can be derived from it. They believe that startups and businesses should be able to access and make use of data from regulatory institutions.

This viewpoint underlines the importance of collaboration and the potential for innovation and growth that can arise from such partnerships. The sentiment towards data sharing in this context is positive. Data governance is another key aspect discussed in the conversation.

It is argued that a clear framework is necessary to control data misuse and to establish limits on data use. The importance of having guidelines regarding the retention and use of data by organizations is emphasized. This viewpoint asserts that data governance is vital to ensure responsible and ethical usage of data.

The sentiment towards data governance is positive, with the call for a framework to be established. Another speaker highlights the need for accountability for the misuse of data. They argue that there should be an organization responsible for handling cases of data misuse, and there should be clear rules about the extent of data usage.

This perspective underscores the significance of ensuring that data is used in a responsible and regulated manner. The sentiment towards accountability and established rules regarding data usage is positive. The lack of data governance policies in many developing countries in Africa is also mentioned in the discussion.

It is noted that several African countries lack any form of data governance policies. This observation highlights the need for these countries to enforce and adapt data governance policies in order to protect data and harness its potential. The sentiment towards this issue is negative, as it points out the existing gap in data governance practices.

Overall, the sentiment towards data quality, accessibility, and governance in the discussion is mostly positive, with some neutral and negative aspects highlighted. It is worth noting that the discussion pertains to SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals, which emphasizes the importance of collaboration and partnerships to achieve sustainable development.

Additionally, it aligns with SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, which underscores the significance of fostering innovation and building robust infrastructure for sustainable development.

Arguments

The biggest challenge for startups in sharing data with regulatory agencies is privacy and security

Supporting facts:

• Startups thrive on the market and need customers, if they can’t guarantee data protection, it would hurt their customer trust.

Topics: Data Sharing, Startups, Regulatory Agencies

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The accessibility and quality of the data from regulatory agencies are crucial for startups

Supporting facts:

• Startups need data for research to make strategic decisions.

• In developing countries, accessing high-quality data from regulatory agencies can be difficult.

Topics: Data Sharing, Startups, Regulatory Agencies

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Report

Startups face significant challenges when it comes to sharing data with regulatory agencies, and the main concerns revolve around privacy and security. This issue is particularly pressing because if startups fail to guarantee data protection, it can have a detrimental impact on customer trust.

Given that startups heavily rely on market success and the need to establish a strong customer base, any doubts or uncertainties about the privacy and security of their data could result in a loss of trust and credibility. On the other hand, the accessibility and quality of data from regulatory agencies are of utmost importance for startups.

Startups require access to data for conducting research and making strategic decisions. However, in certain conditions, such as in developing countries, gaining access to high-quality data from regulatory agencies can be challenging. This limitation can create an imbalance and hinder the growth and development of startups, as data plays a crucial role in their decision-making processes.

It is argued that regulatory data sharing should be a two-way partnership that benefits all parties involved. Startups should not only share their data with regulatory agencies but also be able to access the data for their own growth and development.

By having access to the data they share, startups can gain valuable insights that can contribute to their success. Furthermore, the data shared by startups can also have a positive impact on economies, as it can support economic growth and prosperity, which, in turn, benefits startups.

In conclusion, startups face challenges when it comes to sharing data with regulatory agencies, particularly in terms of privacy and security. However, the accessibility and quality of data from regulatory agencies are crucial for startups. A two-way partnership that allows startups to access the data they share can promote their growth and also benefit economies as a whole.

It is important to address these challenges and foster an environment where startups and regulatory agencies can collaborate effectively to ensure mutual benefits and support sustainable development.

Arguments

Absence of a data governance framework presents risks for businesses in the e-commerce supply chain

Supporting facts:

• Need to identify, develop and structure governance practices

• Important to know where and how data is structured

• Protection of accessed data is crucial

• Involvement of multiple stakeholders in the processes

Topics: Data Governance, E-commerce, Startups, Regulatory Institutions

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Startups should comprehend and adopt data structure standards and incorporate technology

Supporting facts:

• Understanding WCO data model version 4 or the cargo XML, ADFAC, UNCFAC, EDI standards is important

• Government provides connection availability but private sector should also contribute

Topics: Startups, Data Structures, Adoption, Technology

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Databases are accessed by both governments and private sector.

Supporting facts:

• In Joaquin’s country this law and treaty apply to all those holding or storing data

Topics: Data Access, Government Regulation, Business

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Regulatory agencies mandate the single window system.

Supporting facts:

• This is required when they manifest

Topics: Regulatory Agencies, Government Regulation, Data Governance

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All stakeholders that have access to this information need to sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA)

Supporting facts:

• This is to prevent the underground market from getting hold of sensitive information

Topics: Data Security, Non-Disclosure Agreement

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Data is the same for everyone, but the manner of access and analysis matters

Topics: Data Access, Data Analysis

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Report

The absence of a data governance framework presents significant risks for businesses operating in the e-commerce supply chain. It is crucial to identify, develop, and structure effective governance practices to mitigate these risks. This includes understanding where and how data is structured within the organization and implementing measures to protect accessed data from potential threats.

Data integrity and accuracy are critical for e-commerce operations. Data must be regularly updated, consistent, coherent, and trustworthy. High-quality data enables standardization and improvement of new data, forming the basis for corporate initiatives and systems in the e-commerce sector. Startups in the e-commerce industry should adopt data structure standards and incorporate technology to ensure growth and success.

Understanding the World Customs Organization (WCO) data model version 4 or the cargo XML, ADFAC, UNCFAC, and EDI standards is crucial. While the government provides connection availability, the private sector must actively contribute to adopting these standards. Supporting data governance with treaties promotes peace, justice, and strong institutions.

The Global Data Alliance recommends treaties to support data governance, highlighting the importance of international cooperation. The USMCA in Latin America covers core principles and data coverage, emphasizing the role of legal frameworks in governing data usage and protection. Laws and treaties apply to all entities storing or holding data, ensuring appropriate regulations govern data access and usage.

Regulatory agencies play a crucial role in enforcing data governance measures, such as the single window system. To prevent unauthorized disclosure, stakeholders with access to sensitive information must sign non-disclosure agreements (NDAs). This secures data and prevents misuse in the underground market.

Data access and analysis vary, making it important to consider both when deriving insights. Data governance applies to everyone in the e-commerce supply chain and requires establishing practices, ensuring integrity and accuracy, adopting standards and technology, supporting governance with treaties, enforcing regulations, maintaining data security, and effective data access and analysis.

In conclusion, data governance is vital for businesses in the e-commerce supply chain. It involves multiple aspects, including governance practices, data integrity, standards adoption, treaty support, regulatory enforcement, security measures, and effective access and analysis. Achieving peace, justice, and strong institutions in the e-commerce industry relies on effective data governance.

Arguments

UPU is a UN specialized agency focused on cooperation in the postal sector, providing standards for international postal exchanges and offering technical assistance.

Supporting facts:

• UPU has 192 member countries, setting rules for international postal exchanges.

• In addition to outlining international postal regulations, UPU also provides technology support for member countries.

• UPU introduced the electronic advance data regulations in 2021 to ensure secure data exchange.

Topics: UPU, Postal sector

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UPU’s involvement in sustaining international postal services is crucial, especially in ensuring secure exchange of information including personal data.

Supporting facts:

• The UPU has adopted a global framework of rules for these international postal exchanges.

• The UPU Convention adds an element of personal data protection.

• Data exchanges happen not only for tracking, but for multiple reasons including enabling services and customs clearance.

Topics: International postal services, Secure exchange of information, Personal data

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Regional bodies need to distinguish between the European Union and the European Commission

Supporting facts:

• Regional entities such as the African Union or the European Union and the European Commission exist.

• The European Union GDPR contains principles developed for the European Union’s 27 member countries.

Topics: Data Protection Regulations, European Union, European Commission

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National legislation should be prioritized over guidelines for data protection and governance

Supporting facts:

• When looking at the regional and national framework, it typically involves national legislation.

• Aspects of data protection and governance should be accounted for in national legislation.

Topics: Data Protection Regulations, National Legislation

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Convention levels should regulate data protection

Supporting facts:

• The UPU has some provisions on personal data protection.

• There are instruments like the MDSA.

Topics: Data Protection Regulations, Convention levels

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Countries should strive to develop equivalent or competitive frameworks for data governance

Topics: Data Protection Regulations, Data Governance

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The importance of developing frameworks to ensure smooth flow of data

Supporting facts:

• The misuse of data could lead to identity theft and other issues

• Smooth flow of data supports smooth flow of physical items, which facilitates trade

Topics: Data flow, Developing Countries, Digital World, Data Misuse, Identity Theft, Trade

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Data Protection Not only for Personal but for Commercial Purposes

Supporting facts:

• From a UPU Act’s perspective, foresee the exchange of data for security purposes, for security analysis, for customs clearance.

• Working at the Convention Treaty level and mindful of all these different frameworks.

Topics: Data Protection, Commercial Data

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Report

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), a specialized agency of the United Nations, plays a pivotal role in promoting international cooperation in the postal sector. It serves as a platform for its 192 member countries to establish rules and standards for international postal exchanges.

The UPU not only outlines regulations for postal services but also offers technical assistance to member countries to enhance their capabilities in this domain. In 2021, the UPU introduced electronic advance data regulations to ensure secure data exchange. This move demonstrates the UPU’s commitment to safeguarding data privacy and security in the digital age.

One of the key contributions of the UPU is its involvement in sustaining international postal services and facilitating the secure exchange of information, including personal data. The UPU has adopted a global framework of rules for these exchanges, ensuring that data is protected.

Furthermore, the UPU Convention incorporates provisions for personal data protection, reinforcing its commitment to safeguarding individuals’ privacy. In addition to the UPU’s efforts, regional entities such as the European Union (EU) and national legislation also play a crucial role in data protection and governance.

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was developed specifically for the 27 member countries of the European Union. This regional body distinguishes between the EU and the European Commission, which is important when discussing data protection regulations. It is essential to recognize the significance of national legislation in addressing data protection and governance.

While regional and international frameworks provide guidelines, national legislation should take priority to ensure that data privacy and security are upheld within each country’s specific context. Developing frameworks to ensure the smooth flow of data is of paramount importance in the digital era.

Misuse or mishandling of data can lead to issues such as identity theft. Additionally, data flow is closely tied to the flow of physical items, which directly impact trade. Therefore, it is crucial to establish robust frameworks that support the secure and efficient exchange of data.

Implementing data management and governance principles is vital for businesses and citizens to thrive in the digital world. These principles must be carefully designed and implemented to ensure mutual recognition and competitiveness on a global scale. Involvement of regional entities is particularly important in establishing these frameworks.

In conclusion, the Universal Postal Union (UPU), alongside regional entities and national legislation, plays a pivotal role in promoting data protection and governance. Its standards and regulations contribute to sustaining international postal services and ensuring the secure exchange of information, including personal data.

Creating frameworks for smooth data flow is crucial for facilitating trade and preventing data misuse. Implementing data management and governance principles is necessary for global recognition and competitiveness in the digital world.

Arguments

The issue of data storage is critical and challenging

Supporting facts:

• Storage of data has become exponentially difficult

• Costs and capacity for storing data is a challenge for agencies

Topics: Data Storage, Data Quality

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Customs organizations are ahead in terms of data governance compared to other regulatory authorities

Supporting facts:

• Customs are aiming their processes at facilitation of legitimate trade

Topics: Data governance, Customs Organizations, Regulatory authorities

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Agencies often don’t understand what data they want and hence they ask for everything

Supporting facts:

• Due to lack of understanding, agencies don’t have anywhere to store the bulk data they ask for

Topics: Data storage, Regulatory agencies, Data management

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There is a need for government and regulatory agencies to catch up with agile data governance systems

Supporting facts:

• Agencies are lagging behind in adapting to mobile money and e-commerce data systems

• National Trade Facilitation Committees lack enough private sector involvement

• Regulatory authorities lack the same level of compliance and data governance within their own systems as required from authorized economic operators

• WCO recommends hiring data analysts over traditional skill sets

Topics: E-commerce, Regulatory Compliance, Mobile Money, Cybersecurity, Data Analysis

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Increasing complexity of IT requirements in trade is a concern

Supporting facts:

• Many white papers and recommendations being produced to make a secure pipeline

• Regulatory authorities pushing for digital ID standards, digital product passports, other IT aspects

• Heightening transparency at scale initiative

• Emergence of ideas to identify green customs

Topics: IT requirements, Trade facilitation, Startup traders

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Report

The issue of data storage is considered critical and challenging, mainly due to the exponential difficulty in storing data. It is becoming increasingly challenging for agencies to manage the costs and capacity required for storing data effectively. This poses a significant hurdle for organizations that rely heavily on data storage for their operations.

On the other hand, customs organizations seem to be ahead when it comes to data governance, especially in comparison to other regulatory authorities. These organizations are primarily focused on facilitating legitimate trade and have made significant strides towards ensuring efficient data governance practices.

One notable challenge faced by agencies is their struggle to understand what specific data they require. As a result, they often resort to requesting access to all available data. This lack of clarity and understanding regarding their needs further complicates the issue of data storage and management.

Efficient data governance is identified as a potential solution to various problems related to data storage and handling. By implementing effective data governance practices, agencies can streamline their data management processes and improve overall efficiency. Government and regulatory agencies need to keep pace with the ever-evolving landscape of data governance, particularly in terms of adapting to mobile money and e-commerce data systems.

These agencies are currently lagging behind in embracing agile data governance systems, which are essential for effectively managing the rapidly developing digital economy. Furthermore, it is recommended that private sector involvement in Trade Facilitation Committees be increased to gain a better understanding of governance needs.

Companies like DHL, which have high data governance standards, can provide valuable insights and expertise to guide the decision-making processes of these committees. Currently, the lack of sufficient private sector involvement in National Trade Facilitation Committees is a significant gap that needs to be addressed.

The increasing complexity of IT requirements in trade is a growing concern. Various white papers and recommendations are being produced to develop a secure pipeline for data transmission. Regulatory authorities are pushing for digital ID standards, digital product passports, and other IT aspects to enhance transparency at scale.

However, the emergence of these digital aspects might pose challenges for small traders or startups, as it becomes increasingly complex to navigate the IT requirements while ensuring compliance. It is observed that the focus on standardization and harmonization in data governance is overshadowing the need for simplification.

The increasing IT requirements in trade are resulting in simplification becoming a more intricate process. The introduction of digital ID standards and digital product passports may add to the complexity, especially for smaller traders or startups. Striking a balance between standardization, harmonization, and simplification is crucial to ensure a robust and efficient data governance system.

In conclusion, data storage is an intricate and critical issue faced by agencies globally, mainly due to the increasing challenges associated with capacity and costs. Customs organizations are leading the way in terms of data governance practices, while other regulatory authorities need to catch up.

Efficient data governance, government and regulatory agencies’ adoption of agile data governance systems, and increased private sector involvement in Trade Facilitation Committees are all crucial factors in addressing the challenges of data storage and improving data management practices. Moreover, balancing standardization, harmonization, and simplification is crucial to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of data governance systems in the rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Arguments

Necessity of building data governance framework in each organization

Supporting facts:

• Discussion around necessity of data governance framework on both regional and national level

• Reference to interaction between public and private sectors in data governance

Topics: Data governance, Organizational structure

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Consideration of an international legal framework for data governance

Supporting facts:

• Question raised to Mrs. Tendi about the idea of bodies like UN CETA and OECD pursuing an international legal framework

• Aim of such a framework would serve as a minimum standard for developing regions seeking to implement data governance approaches for e-commerce

Topics: International law, Data governance

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Data governance is a must for each organization

Supporting facts:

• Before starting talking about digital or digitization, we have to talk about data governance.

• GDPR is a small piece of the data governance.

Topics: Data Management, GDPR

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Data harmonization is essential for effective communication between entities

Supporting facts:

• When talking to another organization, the data should be harmonized, we should have the same language.

Topics: Data Harmonization, Customs, Startups

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Report

The analysis highlights the importance of data governance frameworks at regional and national levels. It argues for the necessity of building such frameworks within each organization, emphasizing the need for addressing the interaction between the public and private sectors. The analysis also explores the idea of an international legal framework for data governance, questioning whether bodies like the UN, CETA, and OECD should pursue its establishment as a minimum standard for developing regions implementing data governance approaches for e-commerce.

Data governance is seen as a fundamental aspect of digital transformation in all organizations, with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) serving as an example of a small piece of data governance. Additionally, the analysis highlights the need for developing countries to manage data on a macro, regional, and international level.

It discusses the adequacy test provided by GDPR, which facilitates cross-border flows on a regional or international level, and suggests that developing countries could benefit from uniform standards. However, achieving this may be challenging due to the presence of multiple bodies, thus necessitating adequacy protections on a macro level.

Effective communication between entities is emphasized through the importance of data harmonization. The analysis stresses that organizations should have a common language to harmonize data when interacting with one another. Overall, the analysis underscores the need for data governance frameworks, both internally and on a larger scale.

It explores the potential for an international legal framework, advocates for the significance of data governance in digital transformation, and considers the challenges faced by developing countries in managing data. Additionally, it highlights the importance of data harmonization for effective communication between entities.

Arguments

Difference between data management and data governance

Supporting facts:

• Data management is about the overall handling of data within an organization, including storage, security, protection, and retrieval. This covers day-to-day operationalization of data

• Data governance, on the other hand, is about the regulatory framework and guidelines for how data is managed, including data harmonization, stewardship, metadata usage, traceability, and directory

Topics: Data Management, Data Governance, Data Stewardship, Metadata, Data Traceability, Data Directory

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Data harmonization at the national and international level is crucial for Customs to communicate and interface with various other entities effectively

Supporting facts:

• World Customs Organization (WSU) has provided a standardized data model for different customs to interface with each other

• Custom Declaration System (CDS) developed by WCO and other partners to streamline customs administrations at the national level

• In case of e-commerce, postal authorities integrate with the system to streamline the data fields

Topics: Data Harmonization, Customs, International Communication

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Onyinye Obieze affirms that they are especially referring to personal data in context of trade

Supporting facts:

• It is not only about personal data, but primarily about personal data used for processing propositions for trade and others.

Topics: Data Privacy, Trade, Personal Data

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Report

The analysis provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects related to data management, data governance, data harmonisation in customs, and data privacy in trade. Data management involves the overall handling of data within an organisation, which includes tasks such as storage, security, protection, and retrieval.

It encompasses the day-to-day operationalisation of data. On the other hand, data governance is concerned with establishing a regulatory framework and guidelines for managing data. This includes aspects such as data harmonisation, stewardship, metadata usage, traceability, and directory. The two concepts are closely related but have distinct focuses.

In the context of customs, data harmonisation plays a crucial role in facilitating effective communication and interface between customs and various other entities. The World Customs Organisation (WCO) has provided a standardised data model to enable different customs administrations to interface with each other.

Additionally, the WCO and its partners have developed a Customs Declaration System (CDS) to streamline customs administrations at the national level. In the case of e-commerce, postal authorities integrate with the system to streamline data fields. This standardisation and harmonisation of data support the goals of partnership and collaboration (SDG 17).

Standardisation in data formats and the reduction of redundancies also have significant benefits in enhancing communication between various agencies, such as customs, police, and transport regulatory authorities. It aids in effective risk management by streamlining procedures at the regional level.

Having consistent data types and formats facilitates the smooth operation of customs and other regulatory authorities. This observation aligns with the objectives of SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). Regarding data privacy in trade, it is not only limited to personal data but primarily includes personal data used for processing trade propositions and other related matters.

This suggests that the concept of data privacy in trade extends beyond the protection of personal information. In conclusion, the analysis highlights the importance of data management and governance in organisations, the significance of data harmonisation for customs and other entities, the benefits of standardisation in data formats for effective communication and risk management, and the broader scope of data privacy in the context of trade.

These insights emphasise the need for organisations and policy-makers to develop robust strategies and frameworks to ensure effective data handling, harmonisation, and privacy protection in various sectors, including customs and trade.

Arguments

Implementation of data governance comes with cost and requires training

Supporting facts:

• Private sector includes larger companies and SMEs

• Implementation of data governance requires effort from private sector

• Support from the government in terms of adequate time and training could simplify the process

Topics: Data Governance, E-commerce

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Awareness and education among users are crucial when implementing data governance policies

Supporting facts:

• Users tend to just agree to terms and conditions without understanding them

• Proper education can eliminate fear of sharing data on E-commerce sites

Topics: Data Governance, User Awareness, Training

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Balancing privacy with innovation is important

Supporting facts:

• Data shared with companies like Facebook and Google have been used for product creation

• Privacy governance should not hinder innovation

Topics: Data Privacy, Innovation

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Report

The analysis underscores the importance of implementing data governance policies in the private sector, as it is essential for businesses to gain trust and establish guidelines. However, the implementation process requires effort and training. To simplify this process, it is crucial for the government to provide adequate time and training support.

Furthermore, the analysis emphasizes the significance of raising awareness and providing education among users regarding data governance policies. Users often simply agree to terms and conditions without fully understanding them. Therefore, proper education is crucial to eliminate fear and ensure understanding when sharing data on e-commerce sites.

Additionally, the analysis discusses the importance of striking a balance between privacy and innovation. It highlights that data shared with companies like Facebook and Google have been used for product creation. It is crucial not to hinder innovation with privacy governance, and finding the right balance is vital.

Moreover, the analysis suggests that compliance with international regulations, such as the GDPR, opens up global trading opportunities for developing nations. Data compliance allows developing countries to align themselves with nations that have GDPR regulations, facilitating trade opportunities worldwide. In conclusion, the analysis stresses the need to implement data governance policies in the private sector, which requires effort, training, and government support.

Raising awareness and providing education to users is essential, as is striking a balance between privacy and innovation. Compliance with international regulations offers global trading opportunities for developing nations.

Arguments

It is important to provide standards at higher macro level for enforcing and facilitating cross-border flows of data

Supporting facts:

• Many developing countries have a protectionist stance where the localization of data conflicts with cross-border flows

• Higher body level standards such as GDPR provide an adequacy test that helps to facilitate adequacy of cross-border flows on a regional or international level

Topics: Data Governance, Macro Level Standards, Cross-border data flow

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Report

The speakers in the analysis discussed the importance of having standards at a higher macro level to facilitate and enforce cross-border flows of data. They highlighted that many developing countries adopt a protectionist stance on data localization, which conflicts with cross-border flows.

This protectionist approach is driven by the desire to ensure data sovereignty and safeguard sensitive information. However, such restrictions on data localization can hinder the free movement of data across borders, which is crucial for international collaborations and economic growth.

The speakers emphasized that higher-level standards, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), play a significant role in facilitating cross-border flows of data. The GDPR, enacted by the European Union, includes an adequacy test that determines if a country’s data protection laws are equivalent to those within the EU.

Meeting this adequacy test enables the free flow of data between the EU and the country in question. Implementing adequacy protections ensures a high level of data protection and facilitates cross-border data transfers regionally and internationally, promoting seamless data exchange and cooperation.

However, concerns were raised about the involvement of numerous bodies in creating these standards. The saturation of multiple bodies could lead to non-uniform standards, resulting in complexity and confusion for businesses and individuals alike. The speakers emphasized the need for uniformity and consistency in data governance standards to prevent conflicting requirements and ensure smooth cross-border flows.

To address these concerns, the speakers suggested that controls such as adequacy protections on a macro level would be beneficial, especially for developing countries. Establishing a clear and comprehensive framework for data transfer adequacy evaluations would enforce cross-border flows and provide a level playing field for all parties involved.

This approach would also address fears of non-uniform standards by providing a single set of criteria for all entities to meet. Overall, the analysis underscores the significance of higher macro-level standards in promoting and facilitating cross-border data flows. While protectionist tendencies and the involvement of multiple bodies pose challenges, implementing adequate protections and uniform standards can resolve these issues.

These efforts are essential for achieving international collaborations, driving innovation, economic growth, and making progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.

Arguments

DHL Express heavily relies on data

Supporting facts:

• DHL consists of 600,000 employees and has over 3 million customers.

• DHL operates in 220 countries with daily practices involving data (preparation of customs documentation, making up the manifest for the aircraft, etc.).

Topics: Data Management, Logistics

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Accuracy and security of data are key

Supporting facts:

• DHL treats data security very seriously and use it for the right reasons.

• DHL ensures accuracy of data for efficient operation.

Topics: Data Security, Data Protection

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Standardization will be a major advantage

Supporting facts:

• ICC is working on a Joint Standard Initiative for standardization of data across the entire supply chain.

• Standardization would benefit all involved parties – buyer, seller, customs, integrator, freight forward

Topics: Data Standardization, Trade

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Public-private dialogue is crucial in data sharing between shipping companies and customs.

Supporting facts:

• Express industry is represented by the Global Express Association and other bodies.

Topics: Data Sharing, Public-Private Dialogue

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Express industries have all the necessary data for customs.

Supporting facts:

• They have in-depth information on their packages, as compared to a container or truck, where details could be fragmented.

Topics: Data Gathering, Regulation, Customs

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Challenges related to data governance can be registered as Category C commitments under the Trade Facilitation Agreement

Supporting facts:

• Notify the WTO or assistance agencies like USAID or GIZ when facing challenges in data governance

• Customs administrations can help each other out with data governance

Topics: Data governance, Trade Facilitation Agreement

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Same data is used in both B2G and B2B arrangements

Topics: Data Quality, Data Integrity, Data Accuracy

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Understanding what the data tells us is a challenge

Supporting facts:

• Smugglers may use spelling mistakes in an address as a clue

Topics: Data Interpretation, Data Usage

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Report

DHL Express heavily relies on data in its daily operations. With 600,000 employees and over 3 million customers, DHL operates in 220 countries, requiring efficient data management practices. The accuracy and security of data are of paramount importance to DHL. They treat data security seriously, ensuring that the data they possess is used for the right reasons and with strict controls on sharing and purpose of use.

Standardisation of data across the entire supply chain is seen as a major advantage by DHL. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is working on a Joint Standard Initiative for standardising data, which would benefit all involved parties, including buyers, sellers, customs, integrators, and freight forwarders.

This standardisation would streamline processes, reduce errors, and improve efficiency in international trade. However, DHL also recognises the need for strict controls on data sharing. They are critical of data sharing and ensure that data is shared only with the right entities and for the intended purposes.

DHL acknowledges concerns over the misuse of shared data and actively implements measures to safeguard against this. Public-private dialogue is crucial in data sharing between shipping companies and customs. The express industry is represented by the Global Express Association and other bodies, emphasising the importance of collaboration and communication between the public and private sectors.

Express industries possess all the necessary data for customs. They have in-depth information on their packages, unlike containers or trucks where details could be fragmented. This comprehensive data enables efficient customs operations and trade facilitation. The importance of clarity on data requirements and usage is highlighted by DHL.

Clear communication and understanding of what data is required, when it is needed, and for what purpose is essential for smooth operations and effective decision-making. Challenges related to data governance can be registered as commitments under the Trade Facilitation Agreement.

DHL suggests informing the World Trade Organisation (WTO) or seeking assistance from agencies such as USAID or GIZ when facing challenges in data governance. Customs administrations can also help each other out with data governance, fostering collaboration and partnership. Experts support the idea of seeking outside help for data governance challenges, particularly in developing countries.

Organisations should be specific about their needs in order to receive better assistance. Collaboration with experts can provide valuable insights and support in overcoming data governance hurdles. Understanding and interpreting data can be a challenge, particularly in the context of smuggling.

Smugglers may intentionally use spelling mistakes in addresses as clues to deceive authorities. This highlights the need for vigilant data analysis and the development of effective techniques for detecting and preventing illicit activities. A noteworthy observation is the potential loss of important information when changing data.

Correcting spelling mistakes, for example, may inadvertently remove critical information that can be used to detect fraudulent activities. It is essential to strike a balance between modifying data for accuracy and preserving valuable insights within the dataset. In conclusion, DHL Express heavily relies on data in its operations and emphasises the importance of accuracy, security, and standardisation.

Strict controls on data sharing and purpose of use are necessary to prevent misuse. Public-private dialogue plays a crucial role in data sharing, while clear communication of data requirements and usage is essential for efficient operations. Challenges in data governance can be addressed through collaborative efforts and seeking assistance from experts.

Understanding and interpreting data poses challenges, particularly in the context of smuggling. The careful modification of data is necessary to preserve critical information.

Arguments

The bank is focusing on interventions to boost African trade

Supporting facts:

• The bank is a multilateral bank whose shareholders are African countries, financial institutions, and corporates

• Its interest extends to trade facilitation, infrastructure development, health and pharmaceutical, automotive industry, and creative industry

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Digital transformation and technological advancement are opportunities for economic development

Supporting facts:

• The African Export-Import Bank created a digital ecosystem to facilitate this digital transformation

• This ecosystem consists of five different platforms, collectively known as the African Trade Gateway

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The MANSA platform was created to foster good governance, transparency, and accountability

Supporting facts:

• MANSA is dedicated to providing primary data necessary for conducting due diligence for African entities, financial institutions, corporates, and SMEs

• The platform has on-boarded 20,000 entities engaged in KYC procedures

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The Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPS) system was established to address cross-border trade challenges

Supporting facts:

• PAPS was adopted by the African Union Heads of States and Government in 2019

• The system allows payments in local currencies, reducing the need for hard currency

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The African Trade Gateway Connect provides logistical solutions to businesses

Supporting facts:

• The platform connects businesses and service providers across Africa

• It assists in pickup And delivery of goods to and from any location in Africa

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Report

The African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) has been actively focusing on interventions to boost intra-African trade. As a multilateral bank, its shareholders include African countries, financial institutions, and corporates. Afreximbank’s interests extend to various sectors such as trade facilitation, infrastructure development, health, the automotive industry, and the creative industry.

These initiatives aim to stimulate economic growth and promote sustainable development across the continent. To support digital transformation and technological advancement, Afreximbank has created a digital ecosystem known as the African Trade Gateway. This ecosystem comprises five different platforms collectively designed to facilitate digital transformation.

The African Trade Gateway aims to enhance efficiency, accessibility, and connectivity for businesses in Africa. This digital platform presents promising opportunities for economic development and innovation. Another notable platform established by Afreximbank is MANSA, which is dedicated to promoting good governance, transparency, and accountability.

MANSA offers primary data required for conducting due diligence for African entities, financial institutions, corporates, and SMEs. With over 20,000 entities already onboarded onto the platform engaged in know-your-customer (KYC) procedures, MANSA enhances the integrity and credibility of business transactions in Africa.

Addressing cross-border trade challenges is the Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPS). This system, adopted by the African Union Heads of States and Government in 2019, facilitates cross-border payments by allowing transactions in local currencies. This reduces the dependency on hard currencies and mitigates the risks associated with fluctuating exchange rates.

PAPS contributes to reducing inequalities in trade and promoting financial inclusion across the continent. Finally, the African Trade Gateway Connect platform serves as a valuable logistical solution for businesses. It connects businesses and service providers throughout Africa, enabling smooth and efficient pickup and delivery of goods.

This platform facilitates trade and fosters collaboration among businesses across the continent. In conclusion, Afreximbank’s initiatives and platforms demonstrate a strong commitment to boosting African trade, promoting economic development, and driving sustainable growth. Through the African Trade Gateway, MANSA, PAPS, and African Trade Gateway Connect platforms, Afreximbank provides the necessary infrastructure, data, and services to address key challenges and facilitate trade in Africa.

These initiatives contribute to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

Arguments

Alessandra Lustrati emphasizes the importance of digital transformation to achieve the SDGs

Supporting facts:

• Digitalization directly supports at least 70% of the SDG targets

• Digital transformation is an enabler and accelerator of the SDGs

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Alessandra Lustrati stressed the need for an integrated approach towards digital development

Supporting facts:

• FCDO is currently writing a new digital development strategy

• Their approach involves both programming and policy work in partner countries

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Alessandra Lustrati highlights the importance of horizon scanning and risk management strategies in relation to labor market digital transition

Supporting facts:

• FCDO works with partner countries to design risk management strategies regarding job displacement due to digitalization

• They aim to improve regulations and industry standards for the gig economy

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Lustrati says FCDO is eyeing AI as a needful capacity building area for partner countries.

Supporting facts:

• AI is seen as an important tool for digitalization efforts.

• Controlling benefits and managing AI’s risks is essential.

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Report

Alessandra Lustrati is a strong advocate for digital transformation, emphasizing its crucial role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). She highlights that digitalization directly supports at least 70% of the targets set by the SDGs, making it a powerful enabler and accelerator of progress towards these goals.

Lustrati believes that a holistic and comprehensive approach towards digital development is necessary, combining both programming and policy work in partner countries. The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) is currently drafting a comprehensive digital development strategy, reflecting their commitment to an integrated approach.

Lustrati also promotes digital financial inclusion, working with partners to demonstrate the viability of digital financial solutions and encouraging regulatory and policy change to foster innovation. In addition, she supports initiatives aimed at capacity building in digital trade and e-commerce, partnering with organizations like the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the British Standards Institution to support national e-commerce strategies and establish digital trade standards.

Lustrati recognizes the importance of horizon scanning and risk management strategies in relation to labor market digital transition. The FCDO collaborates with partner countries to design risk management strategies, focusing on job displacement caused by digitalization and improving regulations and industry standards in the gig economy.

Furthermore, Lustrati acknowledges the significance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool for digitalization efforts and highlights the need for capacity building in this area. The FCDO aims to control the benefits and manage the risks associated with AI, prioritizing it as a key focus for capacity building in partner countries.

Overall, Lustrati’s advocacy for digital transformation, combined with an integrated approach, digital financial inclusion, capacity building in digital trade and e-commerce, addressing labor market challenges, and prioritizing AI, demonstrates a commitment to leveraging digitalization for inclusive and sustainable development.

Arguments

The importance of open trade and participation of all countries, including LDCs, to foster growth and sustainable development

Supporting facts:

• Experience of Sweden transitioning from a poor European country to a developed one through embracing global trade and investments

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The role of development cooperation in shaping frameworks for trade, building capacity, and strengthening institutions

Supporting facts:

• The launch of a new strategy for foreign trade investment and global competitiveness in Sweden

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The importance of private sector involvement in achieving sustainable development

Supporting facts:

• The fact that a prosperous country cannot be built on development aid alone, but also requires trade, economic development, and investments

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Need for enhanced public-private partnership between donors and the private sector

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Importance of complementing aid for trade support to improve hard aspects, such as digital connectivity and digital technologies

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Report

The analysis highlights several significant points from the speakers. It emphasizes the experience of Sweden, which demonstrates that embracing global trade and foreign investments can lead to the transition from being a poor European country to becoming a developed nation.

This experience serves as evidence of the positive impact of open trade and the participation of all countries, including the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), in fostering economic growth and sustainable development. In addition, the analysis underscores the crucial role of development cooperation in shaping trade frameworks, building capacity, and strengthening institutions.

It highlights the launch of a new strategy for foreign trade investment and global competitiveness in Sweden as an example of the importance of development cooperation in driving economic growth and innovation. This strategy serves as supporting evidence for the argument that development cooperation is essential for creating a conducive environment for trade and achieving sustainable development.

The analysis also emphasizes the importance of private sector involvement in achieving sustainable development. It highlights the fact that a prosperous country cannot solely rely on development aid but also requires trade, economic development, and investments. This argument is supported by the understanding that private sector engagement brings innovation, creates jobs, and stimulates economic growth, contributing significantly to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Furthermore, the speakers recognize digitalization and development as important priorities. They stress the need for policies and actions to bridge the digital divide, as evidenced by the UNCTAD e-trade readiness assessments. The analysis also acknowledges the gender-digital divide, emphasizing the need to address this issue to ensure equal opportunities and representation for women-led companies in developing countries.

The analysis points out the challenges in measuring aid for digitalization and digital trade. It notes that there are aspects of digital aid activities, specifically soft aspects, that are not adequately covered in ICT-related aid. This observation highlights the need for improved measurement methods to effectively evaluate and monitor the impact of aid in these areas.

Additionally, the analysis emphasizes the importance of public-private partnerships between donors and the private sector. It argues that enhanced collaboration between these stakeholders would foster sustainable development by leveraging resources, expertise, and innovation from both sectors. Finally, the analysis emphasizes the importance of complementing aid for trade support with efforts to improve hard aspects such as digital connectivity and technologies.

It underscores the need to enhance the effective use of digital technologies by developing countries and their populations, as this contributes to both SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure and SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities. It suggests that promoting trade alongside the adoption of digital technologies can positively impact overall development outcomes.

Overall, the analysis brings to light several important insights. It underlines the transformative power of global trade and investments, the critical role of development cooperation, and the need for private sector involvement in achieving sustainable development. It highlights the importance of digitalization and addressing the gender-digital divide while recognizing the challenges in measuring aid for digitalization.

The analysis also stresses the significance of public-private partnerships and the need to complement aid for trade support with improved digital connectivity and technologies. These findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in fostering inclusive and sustainable development.

Arguments

Digital Impact Alliance focuses on digital public infrastructure, an integrated approach to countries’ digitization

Supporting facts:

• Estonia and India are examples of countries that have effectively implemented an integrated approach saving 2% of their GDP per year and increasing female financial inclusion from 28% to 76% respectively

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Importance of cross-border data sharing in decision making

Supporting facts:

• Data sharing across borders is challenging, but necessary for effective global decision-making

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Need to measure not only access and usage, but the actual empowerment of individuals through digital tools

Supporting facts:

• Ineffectiveness and cost are hurdles that prevent the productive usage of digital tools

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Chrissy Martin Meier is committed to creating a positive digital future

Supporting facts:

• Chrissy Martin Meier emphasized on maximizing participation, agency, choice, and trust for people and communities

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Report

The Digital Impact Alliance (DIAL) is dedicated to promoting digital public infrastructure as a means of advancing countries’ digitization efforts. This integrated approach has been successful in countries like Estonia and India. Estonia, for instance, has saved 2% of its GDP per year through effective implementation of digital public infrastructure, while India has witnessed a significant increase in female financial inclusion, with rates rising from 28% to 76%.

These successes demonstrate the transformative potential of adopting a comprehensive approach to digitization. Cross-border data sharing plays a crucial role in global decision-making. Although it presents challenges, it is essential for enabling countries to make informed decisions on issues of global significance.

Collaboration and partnerships are necessary to overcome the obstacles associated with such initiatives. There is an argument for allocating funding to non-technology aspects, such as data protection agencies and regulatory mechanisms. Recognising the importance of safeguarding data and ensuring ethical practices, proponents suggest that investing in these areas is necessary to establish robust digital frameworks.

The need for measurement is highlighted, not only in terms of access and usage, but also in terms of the actual empowerment of individuals through digital tools. While access to digital resources is widespread, the effectiveness and cost of using these tools often pose barriers to full empowerment.

Therefore, it is vital to develop metrics and evaluation frameworks that accurately capture the impact and potential of digital tools in enabling individuals and communities to thrive. There is also a call to refresh the digital principles for development, drawing on lessons learned over the past decade.

This shows a commitment to adapting and evolving in line with changing technological advancements and emerging challenges. A digital principles refresh is set to be launched in the first quarter of the following year, indicating a dedication to continuous improvement in this area.

Chrissy Martin Meier, as an advocate for a positive digital future, emphasises the importance of maximising participation, agency, choice, and trust for individuals and communities. This approach aligns with the objectives of sustainable development and contributes to the achievement of SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

Furthermore, Meier expresses enthusiasm for collaborating with all countries, underscoring the significance of multilateral partnerships in addressing global challenges and advancing progress towards SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals. In summary, the Digital Impact Alliance’s focus on digital public infrastructure, the significance of cross-border data sharing, the allocation of funding to non-technology aspects, the measurement of digital empowerment, the need to refresh digital principles for development, and the commitment to multilateral collaborations all contribute to sustainable development and the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Arguments

The Netherlands recognizes the transformative power of the digital economy in fostering inclusive and sustainable private sector development, trade, and investments.

Supporting facts:

• Netherlands is a strategic partner of UNCTAD in their support to partner countries in their digital transformation.

• Netherlands combines aid, foreign trade and investment.

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The Netherlands is committed to ensuring the emerging digital economy contributes to environmental sustainability, aligning with the broader framework of the SDGs.

Supporting facts:

• A growing digital economy has a significant impact on our climate if sustainability is not taken into account.

• Digitalization can support climate action and ensure sustainable practices in the digital economy.

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Promoting digital inclusion and collaboration is crucial for bridging the digital divide.

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Report

The Netherlands recognizes the significant impact of the digital economy in driving inclusive and sustainable private sector development, trade, and investments. They combine aid, foreign trade, and investment to support partner countries in their digital transformation. This strategic partnership between the Netherlands and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) aims to leverage the transformative power of the digital economy.

To accelerate impact in key sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and services, a systems approach to digitalization for development is deemed essential. Young people and women in partner countries often face barriers such as limited connectivity, lack of access to digital services, and insufficient digital literacy and skills.

Donor organizations understand the importance of digital inclusion in overcoming these barriers and align their efforts with the unique needs and challenges of each partner country. The Netherlands also recognizes the potential environmental impact of the growing digital economy. Without proper consideration of sustainability measures, the digitalization process can significantly affect climate change.

However, the Netherlands is committed to ensuring that the emerging digital economy contributes to environmental sustainability and aligns with the broader framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Addressing the digital divide is another crucial aspect of the Netherlands’ approach.

Promoting digital inclusion and collaboration is viewed as instrumental in bridging the gap between those who have access to digital technologies and those who do not. This inclusivity is essential in reducing inequalities and promoting economic growth. The Netherlands implements tailored approaches to meet the specific needs and challenges of partner countries.

They actively support initiatives such as UNCTAD e-trade for all and e-trade for women, which aim to enhance digital trade opportunities for all and specifically empower women in the digital economy. Furthermore, the Netherlands advocates for multilateralism to advance the global digital economy, recognizing the importance of international cooperation in achieving the full potential of digitalization.

In conclusion, the Netherlands acknowledges the transformative power of the digital economy and actively works towards fostering inclusive and sustainable private sector development, trade, and investments. Their strategies encompass a systems approach to digitalization, addressing the barriers faced by young people and women, promoting environmental sustainability, bridging the digital divide, and advocating for multilateralism.

By combining aid, foreign trade, and investment, the Netherlands aims to support partner countries in their digital transformation journey, contributing to the achievement of the SDGs.

Arguments

The Pacific e-commerce initiative has been an essential strategy for promoting regional actions to boost e-commerce readiness.

Supporting facts:

• The Pacific Regional e-commerce strategy got ministerial approval in 2021.

• Six out of 16 members have finalized their national e-commerce strategies.

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The Pacific region lags behind in several developmental indicators including internet speed, cost, coverage, and subscriptions.

Supporting facts:

• It takes a Pacific person to spend 6% of his monthly income on a 2GB data package.

• Only 44% of the Pacific population are connected online.

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Significant assistance is needed to improve last-mile connectivity.

Supporting facts:

• The recent announcement of extra support from Australia and the United States to lay extra cables connecting eight of the members is welcome.

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There are considerable challenges in trade logistics and trade facilitation within the Pacific.

Supporting facts:

• Low connectivity, expensive shipping, and underdeveloped last mile logistics impede e-commerce.

• The recent rollout of the UNCTAD automated customs clearance system to all members is a positive step.

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Access to finance remains a key challenge, particularly for innovative ventures leveraging e-commerce.

Supporting facts:

• The availability of grant and loan schemes, credit guarantees, and blended financing are needed to help access to finance.

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Donors and recipients need to discuss and be aware of the gaps that need to be addressed

Supporting facts:

• Donors and recipients are sitting together discussing gaps and where to address them

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Developing countries need more technological support for creating digital public infrastructure

Supporting facts:

• Developing countries might need digital infrastructure and capacity everywhere they reach

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Need for inclusive and sustainable digital economy skills

Supporting facts:

• Shift towards sustainable digital economy skills were highlighted as an important focus

• They align with this particular focus as stated by donors

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Importance of an integrated approach

Supporting facts:

• Identifies with the importance of an integrated approach highlighted by donors

• Proposes an additional window through regional platforms

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Report

The Pacific region faces several challenges in terms of e-commerce readiness, internet connectivity, trade logistics, and access to finance. However, there are positive initiatives and support from donors to address these issues. One important strategy is the Pacific Regional e-commerce strategy, which received ministerial approval in 2021.

This strategy aims to promote regional actions to boost e-commerce readiness. Additionally, six out of 16 members have already finalised their national e-commerce strategies, showing a positive commitment towards this goal. In terms of internet connectivity, the Pacific region lags behind in several developmental indicators, including internet speed, cost, coverage, and subscriptions.

For example, it takes a significant portion of a Pacific person’s monthly income to afford a 2GB data package. Furthermore, only 44% of the Pacific population is connected online. This points to the urgent need for improving internet infrastructure and accessibility in the region.

However, there is some progress in addressing this issue. Australia and the United States have announced additional support to lay extra cables connecting eight Pacific member countries, which will help improve last-mile connectivity. This is a positive development, as significant assistance is needed to bridge the connectivity gap in the Pacific.

Trade logistics and facilitation also pose challenges for e-commerce in the Pacific. The region faces issues such as low connectivity, expensive shipping, and underdeveloped last-mile logistics. To address these challenges, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has rolled out an automated customs clearance system to all members.

This is seen as a positive step towards improving trade facilitation and reducing barriers to e-commerce. Access to finance remains a key challenge, particularly for innovative ventures leveraging e-commerce. The availability of grant and loan schemes, credit guarantees, and blended financing are crucial to help businesses in the Pacific access the necessary funding.

In terms of digital infrastructure development, it is important for donors and recipients to collaborate and discuss gaps that need to be addressed. This ensures that resources and efforts are directed towards the most critical areas. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of digital tools in various sectors, including education and healthcare.

People have increasingly relied on technology for education and health instructions. This emphasises the need for ongoing investment and development in digital infrastructure and tools. Developing countries, including those in the Pacific, require more technological support to create robust digital public infrastructure.

Currently, there is a divide in terms of the cost of the internet, especially for Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Around 46 LDCs, with 33 in Africa and others in Asia, face challenges in accessing affordable internet services. Addressing this divide is crucial for reducing inequalities and promoting inclusive development.

The importance of sustainable digital economy skills and an integrated approach to development is also highlighted. Donors have recognised the need for sustainable digital skills that align with the focus on inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Moreover, an integrated approach, as highlighted by donors, can help ensure coordinated efforts and maximise the impact of development initiatives.

Lastly, for small countries in the Pacific, a regional approach is considered logical. This is because handling numerous small countries individually can be challenging for donors. By adopting a regional approach, resources can be pooled, and efforts can be coordinated more efficiently, thereby reducing inequalities and promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions.

In conclusion, while the Pacific region faces challenges in e-commerce readiness, internet connectivity, trade logistics, and access to finance, there are positive initiatives and support from donors to address these issues. The approval of the Pacific Regional e-commerce strategy and the progress made in finalising national e-commerce strategies demonstrate commitment towards promoting e-commerce readiness.

Additional support from Australia and the United States, as well as the rollout of the automated customs clearance system, is expected to improve last-mile connectivity and trade facilitation. However, further efforts are needed to bridge the digital divide, ensure access to finance, and develop sustainable digital economy skills.

Taking an integrated and regional approach can help overcome these challenges and foster inclusive and sustainable development in the Pacific.

Arguments

We are in the midst of a digital technological revolution, the technology revolution of our times

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If we get digital technologies right, they can work for the people and the planet

Supporting facts:

• The same message is being repeated at COP28

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If not done right, this technological revolution could bypass peoples and continents

Supporting facts:

• The 1960s Green Revolution bypassed continents

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One-third of the world’s population is not online

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Simply having connectivity is not sufficient to be engaged in the digital economy

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Highlighting the Pacific regional e-commerce strategy

Supporting facts:

• A template to inform the formalization of national e-commerce strategies

• An essential package of actions to boost e-commerce readiness in the Pacific region

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Identification of priority areas for the Pacific region

Supporting facts:

• Discussion of challenges and solutions in relation to each area

• Specific examples of disparities and progress in digital access across the Pacific region

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Emphasis on soft aspects such as legislation and logistics is essential for promoting cross-border e-commerce in developing countries

Supporting facts:

• Without the soft aspects, success in the digital world is limited

• E-commerce in developing countries is mostly limited to cities and towns and hasn’t fully expanded to the cross-border level

• Cross-border e-commerce is more lucrative

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The next digital economy report will focus on environmental sustainability issues

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The convergence of thoughts over the utilization of digital technologies for global benefit

Supporting facts:

• Chrissy Martin Meier emphasized on collaborative work with different nations for a positive digital future

• There’s a common belief that digital technologies should be sustainable and inclusive

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The need for an integrated approach in digital technology application involving the entire government and private sector

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Report

The discussion revolves around the ongoing digital technological revolution, which is considered the technology revolution of our times. The speakers emphasise that we are currently in the midst of this revolution and it has the potential to bring significant changes to society, the economy, and the environment.

The first main point highlighted is the importance of getting digital technologies right in order for them to work for the people and the planet. The speakers are optimistic about the positive impact digital technologies can have if they are properly implemented and utilized.

They mention that this message is being reiterated at COP28, indicating that it is a topic of global concern and focus. However, it is also acknowledged that if this technological revolution is not handled correctly, it could result in bypassing certain populations and regions.

The notion of the digital divide is brought up, indicating that one-third of the world’s population is still not connected to the internet. This serves as evidence that despite the progress made, there are still significant barriers preventing equal access to digital technologies.

Consequently, the speakers argue that addressing the digital divide and ensuring that the digital technological revolution is inclusive is essential. They mention that the 1960s Green Revolution, an example from the past, bypassed entire continents, indicating the consequences of excluding certain regions from technological advancements.

The discussion then shifts to regional approaches and cooperation for e-commerce development. The speakers express their support for such approaches and highlight the importance of prioritizing e-commerce development in the Pacific region. They mention the existence of a Pacific regional e-commerce strategy, along with an essential package of actions to boost e-commerce readiness in the region.

The emphasis here is on the collaborative efforts of multiple countries to facilitate e-commerce development and promote economic growth. Additionally, the speakers touch on the significance of soft aspects, such as legislation and logistics, for promoting cross-border e-commerce in developing countries.

They point out that without proper attention to these aspects, success in the digital world is limited. They mention that while e-commerce in developing countries mostly occurs at the city and town level, it has not yet fully expanded to the cross-border level, where it could potentially be more lucrative.

Another crucial point of agreement among the speakers is the need to bridge the digital divide and create an enabling regulatory environment. They advocate for increased efforts to provide improved connectivity, digital skills, and financing for commerce. Additionally, they highlight the importance of including more women-led companies in developing countries to address the gender-digital divide.

The discussion concludes by emphasizing the need for a sustainable and inclusive digital future. The speakers mention that the next digital economy report will focus on environmental sustainability issues. Furthermore, they highlight the common belief that digital technologies should be sustainable and inclusive, and that collaboration with different nations is crucial to achieving this goal.

In summary, the speakers highlight the ongoing digital technological revolution and its potential impact on people and the planet. While optimistic about the positive effects, they acknowledge the risks of excluding certain populations and regions. They emphasize the importance of addressing the digital divide, promoting inclusivity, and prioritizing e-commerce development.

Soft aspects like legislation and logistics are seen as vital for success. The speakers also agree on the need to bridge the gender-digital divide and create an enabling regulatory environment. The discussion concludes with an emphasis on sustainability and collaboration for a positive digital future.

Arguments

Switzerland prioritizes digitalization in partner countries

Supporting facts:

• Switzerland combines trade and economic development cooperation under one roof

• Focus is on countries where Switzerland can make a difference

• For digitalization support, Switzerland provides all-encompassing support mainly in four areas

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Cross-cutting, cross-dimensional nature of the issue is essential

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Should not let the digital divide become a development divide

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Report

Switzerland is taking a proactive approach towards digitalisation by prioritising it in their partner countries. They have merged their trade and economic development cooperation into one streamlined approach. Their focus is on countries where they believe they can make a significant impact.

In order to support digitalisation efforts, Switzerland provides comprehensive assistance in four key areas. This holistic support encompasses various aspects of digitalisation, including technological infrastructure, skills development, policy frameworks, and access to digital services. By addressing these critical areas, Switzerland aims to ensure that partner countries can effectively leverage digital technologies for economic growth.

One specific area of emphasis for Switzerland is GovTech, which involves the digitalisation of government services. This is seen as crucial for improving efficiency, transparency, and accessibility. By digitising government services, small and medium enterprises, as well as small producers, can benefit from streamlined processes and improved access to government resources.

This can ultimately contribute to economic growth and development. Another area where Switzerland is focusing its efforts is FinTech, which refers to the application of digital technologies to facilitate financial transactions. Switzerland recognises the importance of digital payment systems in facilitating commerce and economic transactions.

By promoting growth in FinTech, Switzerland aims to create an environment that is conducive to seamless and efficient financial transactions, benefitting businesses and consumers alike. In addition to GovTech and FinTech, Switzerland also advocates for the development of e-commerce. They recognise that e-commerce has untapped potential, particularly for countries like Peru.

By embracing e-commerce, these countries can expand their markets, improve access to goods and services, and create new avenues for economic growth. Switzerland is also mindful of the importance of skills development in maximising the benefits of digitalisation. They emphasise the need to prepare individuals to effectively utilise digital technologies.

By prioritising digital literacy and promoting the development of relevant skills, Switzerland aims to empower individuals, ensuring they can fully participate in the digital economy. Furthermore, Switzerland emphasises the need for important principles to ensure a fair and equitable digitalisation process.

This includes creating tools and technologies that meet user needs, understanding the wider ecosystem, scalability, sustainability, data-driven approaches, open standards, and ensuring data privacy and security. By adhering to these principles, Switzerland believes that digitalisation efforts can be more inclusive and beneficial for all.

The issue of the digital divide is also highlighted as being cross-cutting and essential. Switzerland acknowledges that the digital divide can exacerbate existing inequalities and hinder socio-economic development. Therefore, they advocate for policies and initiatives that bridge the gap and prevent the digital divide from becoming a development divide.

In conclusion, Switzerland’s approach to digitalisation in partner countries is comprehensive and strategic. They prioritise areas such as GovTech, FinTech, e-commerce, skills development, and adherence to important principles. By combining trade and economic development cooperation, Switzerland aims to make a tangible difference in partner countries’ digitalisation efforts.

They recognise the significance of addressing the digital divide and believe that economic development is a crucial factor in achieving digital development.

Arguments

Increase in share of aid for trade commitments to the ICT sector

Supporting facts:

• The share of aid for trade commitments to the ICT sector grew from 1.2% in 2017 to 4.1% in 2021

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Inequality in internet access

Supporting facts:

• In least-developed countries, only 36% of the population use the Internet, compared with 66% globally

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Women’s exclusion from the digital world has cut 1 trillion US dollars from the GDP

Supporting facts:

• Women’s exclusion from the digital world has cut 1 trillion US dollars from the GDP of low- and middle-income countries in the last decade

• The loss will grow to 1.5 trillion US dollars by 2025 if no action is taken

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Report

The analysis provides valuable insights into the digital economy and its implications for development. One of the key points highlighted is the increase in aid for trade commitments to the ICT sector. The share of aid for trade commitments to the ICT sector has grown from 1.2% in 2017 to 4.1% in 2021.

This positive trend signifies the growing recognition of the importance of investing in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for economic development. However, the analysis also sheds light on the issue of inequality in internet access. In least-developed countries, only 36% of the population uses the internet, which is significantly lower than the global average of 66%.

This digital divide accentuates the existing inequalities and hampers the ability of these countries to fully participate in the digital economy and benefit from its opportunities. Bridging this gap in internet access is imperative for ensuring inclusive development. Another important finding is the adverse impact of women’s exclusion from the digital world.

The analysis reveals that women’s exclusion has resulted in a staggering loss of 1 trillion US dollars from the GDP of low- and middle-income countries over the past decade. If no action is taken, this loss is projected to grow to 1.5 trillion US dollars by 2025.

This evidence highlights the urgent need to address gender disparities in access to digital technologies and opportunities. On a positive note, the analysis underscores the transformative potential of digitalization. It asserts that digital transformation can significantly alter the course of development.

The integration of digital technologies has the power to revolutionize sectors such as education, healthcare, and government services. Moreover, digitalization has the potential to reshape the production and trade landscape, creating new avenues for economic growth. Lastly, the analysis emphasizes the crucial role of donor support in advancing the work of organizations like UNCTAD.

Donor support is essential for enabling research, analysis, technical cooperation, and consensus-building efforts. Recognizing and appreciating the contributions of donors is vital in sustaining and expanding initiatives that promote digital development and foster partnerships for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

In conclusion, the analysis highlights the upward trajectory of aid for trade commitments to the ICT sector, illustrating an increasing focus on harnessing digital technologies for development. However, it also underscores the persistent challenges of inequality in internet access and women’s exclusion from the digital world.

Harnessing the transformative potential of digitalization, addressing these challenges, and garnering donor support are essential steps toward ensuring inclusive and sustainable digital development.

Arguments

The digital divide is currently one of the most significant gaps faced by LDCs, posing limits in infrastructure and digital capacity

Supporting facts:

• Last year, there was a significant increase in the number of people going online in LDCs, probably fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic

• Despite the increase, a majority of the 2.7 billion people still offline globally are from developing countries

• There is a notable increase in LDC’s participation in digital trade

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Report

The digital divide is currently one of the most significant gaps faced by least developed countries (LDCs), resulting in limitations in infrastructure and digital capacity. While there has been a significant increase in the number of people going online in LDCs, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of the 2.7 billion individuals who are still offline globally are from developing countries.

This emphasises the need for targeted efforts to bridge the digital divide and ensure equitable access to digital technologies and the associated opportunities. Additionally, there has been a noticeable rise in LDCs’ participation in digital trade, highlighting the potential for economic growth and development through digital advancements.

Nonetheless, this also underscores the importance of providing the necessary support and resources to enable LDCs to fully harness the benefits of digitalisation. On the other hand, development partnership efforts have exhibited positive outcomes in reducing poverty, enhancing human development, education, health, and the standard of living.

Over the past decade, these partnerships have proven effective in addressing key development challenges. Despite criticisms, development thinkers such as Graham Hanook and Geoffrey Sack have proposed sustainable approaches to poverty eradication, highlighting the potential for continued progress and the need to build on successful development partnerships.

To fully realise the benefits of digitalisation, developing countries require integrated support, access to markets, capacity building, and engagement with youth and entrepreneurs. These factors are crucial in ensuring that digital technologies can effectively contribute to economic growth, decent work, and improved living standards.

Smaller developing countries and economies, in particular, can benefit from digital technology by capitalising on e-commerce opportunities. Encouraging the establishment of innovative hubs and incubators that provide digital solutions is essential in nurturing entrepreneurship and driving digital transformation. In conclusion, addressing the digital divide and promoting development partnerships are vital for the progress of least developed countries and developing economies.

Targeted efforts are required to ensure equitable access to digital technologies, support digital trade, and leverage digitalisation for sustainable development. By investing in infrastructure, capacity building, and fostering youth and entrepreneur engagement, these countries can unlock the transformative power of digitalisation and drive inclusive growth.

Arguments

The Global Gateway Initiative by the European Commission prioritizes impact through quality and trustful investment in digital transformation across various sectors such as energy, environment, transport, health, education, research and development.

Supporting facts:

• Digital has a strong cross-sectoral capacity

• The initiative aims to transform whole economies

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Inclusiveness and ownership are crucial elements in the European Commission’s agenda to build trustful relationships and contribute effectively to economic development; emphasis is laid on understanding local needs and establishing direct connections.

Supporting facts:

• Working as a team within the EU can bring trust to partners worldwide

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A comprehensive approach is essential in the implementation of projects, covering areas such as infrastructure development, addressing gender balance, youth access to digital, cybersecurity, and 5G development.

Supporting facts:

• Positive impacts can already be seen in Latin America and the Caribbean with infrastructural developments like the Bella cable

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The European Commission advocacies for multilateralism, contributing significant resources for global partnerships.

Supporting facts:

• The EU will be the first donor with 30 million for the UN’s joint SDG fund digital transformation window

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Investments in digital need to address financial risks and cybersecurity risks.

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The Global Digital Compact can serve as a roadmap for a human-centric, human rights-based shared global course of action for the digital future.

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Report

The European Commission’s Global Gateway Initiative prioritises impact through quality and trustworthy investment in digital transformation across various sectors, such as energy, environment, transport, health, education, research, and development. The initiative aims to transform entire economies by harnessing the cross-sectoral capacity of digital technologies.

This comprehensive approach aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Quality Education (SDG 4), Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG 7), Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (SDG 9), and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG 17). Inclusiveness and ownership are key elements in the European Commission’s agenda.

By working collaboratively within the European Union (EU), the Commission aims to build trustful relationships and effectively contribute to economic development. Emphasis is placed on understanding local needs and establishing direct connections. This approach is in line with the SDGs of Reduced Inequalities (SDG 10) and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG 17).

The implementation of digital transformation projects requires a comprehensive approach. This includes areas such as infrastructure development, gender balance, youth access to digital technologies, cybersecurity, and 5G development. Positive impacts of such projects can already be seen in regions like Latin America and the Caribbean, where infrastructural advancements such as the Bella cable have been made.

These efforts contribute to advancing the SDGs of Gender Equality (SDG 5), Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (SDG 9), and Reduced Inequalities (SDG 10). The European Commission advocates for multilateralism and prioritises global partnerships. It commits substantial resources to support global initiatives, with plans to become the first donor contributing 30 million to the United Nations’ joint SDG fund digital transformation window.

This commitment aligns with the SDG of Partnerships for the Goals (SDG 17). Addressing financial and cybersecurity risks is crucial in digital investments. The European Commission recognises the need for risk management to ensure the stability and safety of digital infrastructures and investments.

The Global Digital Compact serves as a roadmap for a human-centric and human rights-based shared global course of action for the digital future. It highlights the European Commission’s commitment to ethical considerations, inclusivity, and respect for human rights. This aligns with the SDG of Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (SDG 9).

In conclusion, the European Commission’s Global Gateway Initiative takes a comprehensive and strategic approach to digital transformation. Through quality and trustworthy investment, inclusiveness, and ownership, the Commission aims to drive economic development and contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.

Multilateralism, global partnerships, risk management, and a human-centric future are key priorities. Providing incentives to the private sector is seen as a positive step towards achieving decent work and economic growth (SDG 8).

Arguments

The role of Microsoft in setting up digital programs

Supporting facts:

• EBRD is seeking cooperation with private sector in providing support for SMEs, and exploring potential partnerships

Topics: Microsoft, Digital Business

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The Start and Improve Your Business model adapts to the needs of the entrepreneurs and the context

Supporting facts:

• The Start and Improve Your Business model is reliant on in-country trainers and master trainers

Topics: Entrepreneurship, Training, Adaptability

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Report

The analysis uncovers several key points relating to digital programs, SME support, and entrepreneurship. One significant finding is the role of Microsoft in establishing digital programs. The analysis states that Microsoft is involved in setting up these programs and collaborating with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).

The EBRD is actively seeking private sector cooperation to provide support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The aim of this collaboration is to explore potential partnerships that can enable SMEs to thrive in the digital business landscape. Another important point highlighted in the analysis is the necessity of regularly updating program content.

A member of the audience, who works in the SME Finance and Development team, raises a question regarding strategies for keeping program content up to date. This indicates an acknowledgement of the importance of staying current and relevant in the fast-paced digital world.

However, the analysis does not provide specific information on the efforts required for updating the content. The adaptability of the Start and Improve Your Business model is also emphasized. This model relies on in-country trainers and master trainers to provide guidance and support to entrepreneurs.

The model is designed to adapt to the specific needs and contexts of individual entrepreneurs, promoting flexibility and tailored support in different regions and markets. This adaptability allows entrepreneurs to receive relevant and practical guidance designed to help them succeed in their business ventures.

Additionally, the analysis mentions a query about the duration of a program from Sarah Carroll, an international e-commerce consultant. However, there are no further details provided regarding the specific program or the response to the query. In summary, the analysis highlights Microsoft’s involvement in digital programs, the EBRD’s efforts to support SMEs through partnerships, the importance of regularly updating program content, and the adaptability of the Start and Improve Your Business model.

Although the sentiment of the analysis is mostly neutral, except for the positive view of the adaptability of the Start and Improve Your Business model, the lack of specific evidence or details makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the effectiveness or impact of these programs and initiatives.

Arguments

Kick-started the Women in Digital Business initiative in collaboration with Microsoft Philanthropies for promoting women’s economic empowerment.

Supporting facts:

• Program has a mission to promote women’s economic empowerment by supporting women entrepreneurs in low and middle-income economies.

• Proposed to help by providing support to those women who have small and medium-sized businesses and want to become more successful at what they do by using digital skills.

Topics: Women empowerment, Digital skills, Entrepreneurship

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The program operates on a training of trainers model.

Supporting facts:

• This model involves training a certain number of lead trainers who will then train a larger number of trainers.

• The final expectation is that we will be able to reach at least 30,000 women entrepreneurs for a total of at least 50,000 hours of learning and training being delivered.

Topics: Training model, Lead trainers, Women entrepreneurs

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Adoption of a skills gap analysis approach to understand the needs of women entrepreneurs in different countries.

Supporting facts:

• This analysis was done in collaboration with the Start and Improve Your Business trainers and the agencies that partner with Microsoft philanthropies, identifying the lack of understanding, digital skills and the prevalent use of paper records.

Topics: Skills gap analysis, Women entrepreneurs, Global South

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Adoption of a tailored curriculum which includes basic digital literacy, foundations program and curated learning paths with flexible learning management platform.

Supporting facts:

• This curriculum is designed specifically for women entrepreneurs based on the feedback obtained through the skills gap analysis.

• The Women in Digital Business Network platform serves as an online learning management system, allowing women entrepreneurs to access all materials and information as well as develop their own action plans.

Topics: Digital skills, Curriculum, Women entrepreneurs

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Microsoft is the funding partner providing financial resources for the program

Supporting facts:

• Microsoft is the funding partner, providing financial resources

• Microsoft’s role is broader than just providing funds, they are also involved in material and training tool development

Topics: Microsoft, Funding Partner, Digital literacy programs

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The partnership with Microsoft blends their content with the needs of women entrepreneurs in developing countries.

Supporting facts:

• Program involves adapting Microsoft’s materials to the specific needs of women entrepreneurs in developing countries

• Program aims to adapt to the specific needs of small scale entrepreneurs in developing countries

Topics: Partnership, Microsoft, Women entrepreneurs, Developing countries, Digital literacy program

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Initiative is being taken to integrate generative AI content.

Supporting facts:

• Work will start at the beginning of next year to integrate generative AI content

• AI content is intended to be adapted for small-scale entrepreneurs in the developing world

Topics: Generative AI, Integration, Digital literacy program

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Crowdsourcing with network of trainers to keep things updated

Supporting facts:

• Initial content was developed in-house and then crowdsourced with network of trainers for updates

• This strategy helps to include the technologies emerging in specific contexts

Topics: Crowdsourcing, Network of trainers, Content update

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Carlo Delu’s digital business started its operation in 2023

Supporting facts:

• They signed the contract in 2022 and it will continue until the end of 2025

Topics: Digital Business, New Business

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The aim is to build local capacity

Supporting facts:

• The aim is to reduce the running cost to only platform and some content for the patients

Topics: Local Development, Capacity Building

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Report

The Women in Digital Business initiative, in collaboration with Microsoft Philanthropies, aims to promote women’s economic empowerment globally. The key goal of the program is to support women entrepreneurs in low and middle-income economies by providing them with essential digital skills training.

This training is designed to help women entrepreneurs succeed in their businesses. The program operates on a training of trainers model, where a selected group of lead trainers are trained to further train a larger number of trainers. The ultimate objective is to reach a minimum of 30,000 women entrepreneurs, with a total of at least 50,000 hours of learning and training.

To ensure that the program meets the specific needs of women entrepreneurs in different countries, a skills gap analysis approach has been adopted. By collaborating with Start and Improve Your Business trainers and Microsoft philanthropies’ partner agencies, the program identifies the lack of digital skills and the prevalent use of paper records among women entrepreneurs.

This analysis helps tailor the program to address these needs. Based on feedback obtained through the skills gap analysis, a tailored curriculum has been developed for women entrepreneurs. This curriculum covers basic digital literacy, a foundations program, and curated learning paths on a flexible learning management platform.

The Women in Digital Business Network platform serves as an online learning management system, allowing women entrepreneurs to access materials, information, and develop their own action plans. The program has a global impact and is currently implemented in multiple countries in the Global South, with operations conducted in English, French, and Spanish.

The second-year plan includes expansion to more countries, delivering extensive training, and providing technical assistance for translation of training materials. Microsoft plays a vital role in the initiative as a funding partner. In addition to financial resources, Microsoft also contributes to the development of materials and training tools.

This partnership enables the program to integrate Microsoft’s content with the specific needs of women entrepreneurs in developing countries. The program is committed to innovation and plans to integrate generative AI content in the coming year. This initiative aims to adapt AI technology for small-scale entrepreneurs in the developing world.

To ensure the program remains up to date, initial content is developed in-house and then crowdsourced with a network of trainers for updates. This strategy includes emerging technologies relevant to specific contexts, enhancing the program’s effectiveness. The partnership with Microsoft is highly beneficial, providing financial resources and allowing the program to adapt to the needs of women entrepreneurs in developing countries.

This collaboration highlights the importance of partnerships in achieving the program’s goals and promoting gender equality. An essential aspect of the Women in Digital Business initiative is self-sustainability. The program aims for trainers to maintain a majority of the program, building local capacity and empowering trainers to continue the program without heavy reliance on external resources.

In conclusion, the Women in Digital Business initiative, in collaboration with Microsoft Philanthropies, is making significant efforts to promote women’s economic empowerment globally. With its focus on digital skills training, tailored curricula, and global reach, the program aims to position women entrepreneurs for success and reduce inequality.

The program’s self-sustainability and partnership with Microsoft contribute to its ability to drive lasting impact and create meaningful change in the lives of women entrepreneurs.

Arguments

The International Labor Organization has developed the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ tool to help Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) respond to the emerging opportunities and challenges in the digital economy.

Supporting facts:

• The tool was developed based on the ILO’s Star and Improve Your Business program.

• The tool aims to help enterprises to use digital solutions to improve their internal and external business operations.

Topics: Digitalization, MSMEs, Digitalize Your Business Tool, International Labor Organization

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Bringing Back Jobs Safely Under the COVID-19 Crisis Project started in early 2022.

Supporting facts:

• The project focuses on micro, small, and medium enterprises in the Philippines except metro Manila region where digitalization is already adopted.

• The objective of the project is to train 200 trainers to support the digitalization of 20,000 micro, small, medium entrepreneurs.

Topics: COVID-19, Digitalization, Micro, Small, and Medium enterprises

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The digital maturity level in the Philippines is very high in some areas while others are in the initial stages.

Supporting facts:

• The market assessment conducted in the Philippines categorized the market into three segments: digitally savvy, digitally ready but lacks awareness and knowledge, and non-users or digitally poor.

Topics: Digitalization, Philippines

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Report

The International Labour Organization (ILO) has developed the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ tool to assist Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in responding to the emerging opportunities and challenges in the digital economy. This tool was developed based on the ILO’s Star and Improve Your Business program.

Its main aim is to help enterprises use digital solutions to improve their internal and external business operations. Digitalization offers a pathway for business growth and inclusion, helping businesses to reach new markets, expand their client base, and have more stable flows of income.

During the pandemic, it was observed that enterprises with some form of digital capacity performed better. Digitalization can also help in accessing market information, which is often a challenge for MSMEs. However, it is important for MSMEs to approach digitalization as a gradual process, considering the costs associated with digital transformation.

Entrepreneurs need to make strategic decisions about what makes sense for their businesses and adds value to them. Adapting digital tools to a specific context and target group is crucial for successful implementation. In the Philippines, the ILO’s project focuses on micro, small, and medium enterprises, except for the Metro Manila region where digitalization is already adopted.

The objective of the project is to train 200 trainers who will support the digitalization of 20,000 micro, small, and medium entrepreneurs. This initiative aims to bring back jobs safely under the COVID-19 crisis and started in early 2022. The digital maturity level in the Philippines varies across different areas.

The market assessment conducted in the country has categorized the market into three segments: digitally savvy, digitally ready but lacking awareness and knowledge, and non-users or digitally poor. This highlights the need for tailored strategies and support in different regions.

To enhance the effectiveness of the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ package, it is recommended to combine and deliver it together with business management knowledge in training programs. Entrepreneurs who have been trained in the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ tool often require more practical elements than theories.

They also often need to start with no cost or low-cost applications and online marketplaces before directly investing in their own websites. In conclusion, the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ tool developed by the International Labour Organization aims to assist MSMEs in embracing digital solutions for improved business operations.

Digitalization can offer opportunities for growth and inclusion but should be approached gradually, considering the costs and making strategic decisions. The ILO’s project in the Philippines aims to support the digitalization of MSMEs by training trainers and addressing the varying digital maturity levels.

Combining business management knowledge with the ‘Digitalize Your Business’ package can further enhance its effectiveness in supporting MSMEs.

Arguments

Start and Improve Your Business program in the Philippines was aimed at supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises during the COVID-19 crisis.

Supporting facts:

• The Bringing Back Jobs Safely Under the COVID-19 Crisis Project was initiated in early 2022.

• The project focused on training 200 trainers to support the digitalization of 20,000 micro, small, medium entrepreneurs.

Topics: Business Management, Digitalization

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Digital maturity varies across different regions in the Philippines, with some areas at the initial stages of digitalization.

Supporting facts:

• The project was focused on areas outside metro Manila where digitalization is significantly advanced.

• The digital maturity was categorized as digitally savvy, digitally ready, and non-users based on the market assessment.

Topics: Digitalization, Small and Medium Enterprises

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More practical elements are required in the digital training for the entrepreneurs.

Supporting facts:

• The entrepreneurs expressed a need for additional practical elements compared to theories.

• There was an emphasis on introducing low or no cost applications that entrepreneurs could use for their business.

Topics: Practical Learning, Digital Training

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Entrepreneurs require more practical tips and tricks and knowledge about digital applications

Supporting facts:

• A field research and an online survey were conducted to gather this information

• The entrepreneurs expect more practical tips and tricks and little more about the digital applications that they can directly apply

Topics: Entrepreneurship, Training, Digital technology

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Digitalization challenges are different across different countries

Supporting facts:

• In some Pacific Island countries, they do not have digital banking systems or credit cards and fully rely on cash transactions

• In other countries, the digital size is somewhat mature

Topics: Digital coaching, Global markets, Development

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Entrepreneurs struggle with attracting traffic and increasing sales online

Supporting facts:

• Complementary material on how to operate your business Facebook page and use influencers was designed for digitally struggling entrepreneurs

• The need of some entrepreneurs in their digitalization especially the digitally-struggling entrepreneurs struggle with attracting the traffic to their online marketplaces

Topics: Digital marketing, Online sales

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The duration of the DYB integrated S-I-Y-B training varies based on the training need assessment of the participants

Supporting facts:

• For DYB plus marketing, if it’s delivered online, the least amount of time needed is nine hours, divided into three three-hour sessions

• It goes up to 40 hours of training when delivered face-to-face, which takes five days

Topics: Training duration, DYB integrated S-I-Y-B, Training need assessment

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In the 40-hour face-to-face training, planning for businesses, marketing, and aspects of digitalizing your business are covered.

Supporting facts:

• Inclusions of elements related to digital productivity applications.

• The hours can be distributed over one day per week

Topics: face-to-face training, business planning, marketing, business digitalization

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The training can be adjusted based on the digital literacy and understanding of the participants.

Supporting facts:

• Certain modules can be delivered in a nine-hour online training if participants have a good understanding of digital elements

Topics: Digital literacy, Online training

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Report

The Bringing Back Jobs Safely Under the COVID-19 Crisis Project was initiated in early 2022 with the aim of supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises in the Philippines amidst the pandemic. As part of the project, 200 trainers were specially trained to assist in the digitalization efforts of 20,000 entrepreneurs.

This project was crucial in helping entrepreneurs adapt to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 crisis and ensuring their continued economic growth. One notable aspect observed during the project was the variation in digital maturity across different regions in the Philippines.

While some areas demonstrated advanced digitalisation, others were still in the early stages of adopting digital technologies for their businesses. This highlights the need for tailored approaches and support in regions where digitalisation is less prevalent. Entrepreneurs participating in the project expressed a strong need for more practical elements in their digital training.

They emphasised the importance of learning through hands-on experience rather than theoretical knowledge alone. Additionally, the entrepreneurs also stressed the significance of low-cost or free applications that could be easily implemented in their businesses. These insights have highlighted the importance of incorporating practicality and accessibility into digital training programs for entrepreneurs.

Another significant finding was the need to combine the Digitalize Your Business package with business management knowledge for effective results. It was observed that the level of digital literacy among entrepreneurs varied, with some struggling due to a gap in either business knowledge or digital skills.

Therefore, bridging this gap by integrating business management knowledge into digital training programs is crucial to ensure that entrepreneurs are equipped with the necessary expertise to make the most of digital technologies. Furthermore, it was discovered that digitalisation challenges in different countries differed significantly.

For example, in some Pacific Island countries, the absence of digital banking systems and reliance on cash transactions posed unique challenges to digitisation efforts. This serves as a reminder that digital solutions need to be tailored to the specific circumstances and needs of each country or region.

The project also affirmed the importance of supporting the digitisation of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. The choice of the Pacific Islands and the Philippines as pilot locations for the project was based on their different levels of digital maturity.

Five training workshops have already been completed, and two more are planned, indicating the ongoing commitment to supporting and promoting the digitisation of these enterprises. One challenge identified during the project was the struggle faced by entrepreneurs in attracting traffic and increasing online sales.

Digital marketing and strategies for online sales were found to be areas where entrepreneurs required additional support. Complementary material focusing on operating business Facebook pages and utilising influencers was designed specifically for digitally struggling entrepreneurs. The duration of training varied based on the participants’ needs, with flexibility to adjust the training approach according to their digital literacy and understanding.

For example, for the DYB integrated S-I-Y-B training, the duration could range from nine hours for online delivery to 40 hours for face-to-face sessions. This adaptability is crucial in catering to the diverse requirements of the participants and ensuring the effectiveness of the training programs.

In conclusion, the Bringing Back Jobs Safely Under the COVID-19 Crisis Project in the Philippines has underscored the importance of supporting micro, small, and medium enterprises through digitisation efforts. The project has highlighted the need for region-specific approaches, practical training elements, and the combination of business management knowledge with digital skills.

Additionally, it has shed light on the diverse challenges faced in different countries and the necessity of tailoring digital solutions accordingly. By understanding these insights, stakeholders can better support entrepreneurs in their digital transformation journey and contribute to their long-term success.