ransomware

West Lothian schools hit by ransomware attack

West Lothian Council has confirmed that personal and sensitive information was stolen following a ransomware cyberattack which struck the region’s education system on Tuesday, 6 May. Police Scotland has launched an investigation, and the matter remains an active criminal case.

Only a small fraction of the data held on the education network was accessed by the attackers. However, some of it included sensitive personal information. Parents and carers across West Lothian’s schools have been notified, and staff have also been advised to take extra precautions.

The cyberattack disrupted IT systems serving 13 secondary schools, 69 primary schools and 61 nurseries. Although the education network remains isolated from the rest of the council’s systems, contingency plans have been effective in minimising disruption, including during the ongoing SQA exams.

West Lothian Council has apologised to anyone potentially affected. It is continuing to work closely with Police Scotland and the Scottish Government. Officials have promised further updates as more information becomes available.

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Ransomware threat evolves with deceptive PDFs

Ransomware attacks fell by 31% in April 2025 compared to the previous month. Despite the overall decline, the retail sector remained a top target, with incidents at Marks & Spencer, Co-op, Harrods and Peter Green Chilled drawing national attention.

Retail remains vulnerable due to its public profile and potential for large-scale disruption. Experts warn the drop in figures does not reflect a weaker threat, as many attacks go unreported or are deliberately concealed.

Tactics are shifting, with some groups, like Babuk 2.0, faking claims to gain notoriety or extort victims. A rising threat in the ransomware landscape is the use of malicious PDF files, which now make up over a fifth of email-based malware.

These files, increasingly crafted using generative AI, are trusted more by users and harder to detect. Cybersecurity experts are urging firms to update defences and strengthen organisational security cultures to remain resilient.

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Ascension faces fresh data breach fallout

A major cybersecurity breach has struck Ascension, one of the largest nonprofit healthcare systems in the US, exposing the sensitive information of over 430,000 patients.

The incident began in December 2024, when Ascension discovered that patient data had been compromised through a former business partner’s software flaw.

The indirect breach allowed cybercriminals to siphon off a wide range of personal, medical and financial details — including Social Security numbers, diagnosis codes, hospital admission records and insurance data.

The breach adds to growing concerns over the healthcare industry’s vulnerability to cyberattacks. In 2024 alone, 1,160 healthcare-related data breaches were reported, affecting 305 million records — a sharp rise from the previous year.

Many institutions still treat cybersecurity as an afterthought instead of a core responsibility, despite handling highly valuable and sensitive data.

Ascension itself has been targeted multiple times, including a ransomware attack in May 2024 that disrupted services at dozens of hospitals and affected nearly 5.6 million individuals.

Ascension has since filed notices with regulators and is offering two years of identity monitoring to those impacted. However, critics argue this response is inadequate and reflects a broader pattern of negligence across the sector.

The company has not named the third-party vendor responsible, but experts believe the incident may be tied to a larger ransomware campaign that exploited flaws in widely used file-transfer software.

Rather than treating such incidents as isolated, experts warn that these breaches highlight systemic flaws in healthcare’s digital infrastructure. As criminals grow more sophisticated and vendors remain vulnerable, patients bear the consequences.

Until healthcare providers prioritise cybersecurity instead of cutting corners, breaches like this are likely to become even more common — and more damaging.

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Masked cybercrime groups rise as attacks escalate worldwide

Cybercrime is thriving like never before, with hackers launching attacks ranging from absurd ransomware demands of $1 trillion to large-scale theft of personal data. Despite efforts from Microsoft, Google and even the FBI, these threat actors continue to outpace defences.

A new report by Group-IB has analysed over 1,500 cybercrime investigations to uncover the most active and dangerous hacker groups operating today.

Rather than fading away after arrests or infighting, many cybercriminal gangs are re-emerging stronger than before.

Group-IB’s May 2025 report highlights a troubling increase in key attack types across 2024 — phishing rose by 22%, ransomware leak sites by 10%, and APT (advanced persistent threat) attacks by 58%. The United States was the most affected country by ransomware activity.

At the top of the cybercriminal hierarchy now sits RansomHub, a ransomware-as-a-service group that emerged from the collapsed ALPHV group and has already overtaken long-established players in attack numbers.

Behind it is GoldFactory, which developed the first iOS banking trojan and exploited facial recognition data. Lazarus, a well-known North Korean state-linked group, also remains highly active under multiple aliases.

Meanwhile, politically driven hacktivist group NoName057(16) has been targeting European institutions using denial-of-service attacks.

With jurisdictional gaps allowing cybercriminals to flourish, these masked hackers remain a growing concern for global cybersecurity, especially as new threat actors emerge from the shadows instead of disappearing for good.

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LockBit ransomware hacked, data on affiliates leaked

Internal data from the notorious LockBit ransomware group has been leaked following a hack of one of its administration panels. Over 200 conversations between affiliates and victims were also uncovered, revealing aggressive ransom tactics ranging from demands of a few thousand to over $100,000.

The breach, discovered on 7 May, exposed sensitive information including private chats with victims, affiliate account details, Bitcoin wallet addresses, and insights into LockBit’s infrastructure.

A defaced message on the group’s domain read: ‘Don’t do crime, crime is bad xoxo from Prague,’ linking to a downloadable archive of the stolen data. Although LockBit confirmed the breach, it downplayed its impact and denied that any victim decryptors were compromised.

Security researchers believe the leak could provide crucial intelligence for law enforcement. Searchlight Cyber identified 76 user credentials, 22 of which include TOX messaging IDs, commonly used by hackers and connected some users to aliases on criminal forums.

Speculation suggests the hack may be the result of infighting within the cybercriminal community, echoing a recent attack on the Everest ransomware group’s site. Authorities continue to pursue LockBit, but the group remains active despite previous takedowns.

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LockBit ransomware platform breached again

LockBit, one of the most notorious ransomware groups of recent years, has suffered a significant breach of its dark web platform. Its admin and affiliate panels were defaced and replaced with a message linking to a leaked MySQL database, seemingly exposing sensitive operational details.

The message mocked the gang with the line ‘Don’t do crime CRIME IS BAD xoxo from Prague,’ raising suspicions of a rival hacker or vigilante group behind the attack.

The leaked database, first flagged by a threat actor known as Rey, contains 20 tables revealing details about LockBit’s affiliate network, tactics, and operations. Among them are nearly 60,000 Bitcoin addresses, payload information tied to specific targets, and thousands of extortion chat messages.

A ‘users’ table lists 75 affiliate and admin identities, many with passwords stored in plain text—some comically weak, like ‘Weekendlover69.’

While a LockBit spokesperson confirmed the breach via Tox chat, they insisted no private keys were exposed and that losses were minimal. However, the attack echoes a recent breach of the Everest ransomware site, suggesting the same actor may be responsible.

Combined with past law enforcement actions—such as Operation Cronos, which dismantled parts of LockBit’s infrastructure in 2024—the new leak could harm the group’s credibility with affiliates.

LockBit has long operated under a ransomware-as-a-service model, providing malware to affiliates in exchange for a cut of ransom profits. It has targeted both Linux and Windows systems, used double extortion tactics, and accounted for a large share of global ransomware attacks in 2022.

Despite ongoing pressure from authorities, the group has continued its operations—though this latest breach could prove harder to recover from.

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LockBit ransomware Bitcoin addresses exposed

Nearly 60,000 Bitcoin addresses linked to LockBit’s ransomware operations have been exposed following a major breach of the group’s dark web affiliate panel.

The leak, which included a MySQL database dump, was shared publicly online and could assist blockchain analysts in tracing LockBit’s financial activity instead of leaving such transactions untracked.

Despite the scale of the breach, no private keys were leaked. A LockBit representative reportedly confirmed the incident in a message, stating that no sensitive access data was compromised.

However, the exposed database included 20 tables, such as one labelled ‘builds’ that contained details about ransomware created by affiliates and their targeted companies.

Another table, ‘chats,’ revealed over 4,400 messages from negotiations between victims and LockBit operators, offering a rare glimpse into the inner workings of ransomware extortion tactics.

Analysts believe the hack may be connected to a separate breach of the Everest ransomware site, as both featured identical messages, hinting at a possible link.

The incident has again underscored the central role of cryptocurrency in the ransomware economy. Each victim is typically given a unique address for payments, making tracking difficult.

Instead of remaining hidden, these addresses now give law enforcement and blockchain experts a chance to trace payments and potentially link them to previously unidentified actors.

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M&S halts meal deals amid ongoing cyber attack disruption

Marks & Spencer has temporarily suspended some of its popular meal deal offers as the retailer continues to grapple with the fallout from a serious cyber attack.

Signs in stores, including at major transport hubs such as Victoria Station, explain that availability issues have made it impossible to fulfil certain promotions, and ask customers for patience while the company works through the disruption.

Instead of offering its usual lunchtime combinations and dine-in meal deals priced between £6 and £15, M&S is facing stock shortfalls due to the hack, which is now in its third week.

The attack is reportedly linked to a group of teenage hackers using ransomware tactics, locking computer systems and demanding payment for their release.

The breach has already caused significant operational challenges, with fears internally that the disruption could drag on for weeks. Sources suggest the financial impact could run into tens of millions in lost orders, as systems remain frozen and supply chains struggle to recover.

Meal deal suspensions are the latest sign of the broader strain the retailer is under as it scrambles to restore normal service.

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New research highlights escalating cyberthreats to global energy sector

Resecurity has published new research examining recent cyber threat activity targeting energy infrastructure across North America, Asia, and the European Union. The report, a continuation of Resecurity’s earlier analysis, focuses on incidents involving energy firms, including nuclear facilities and associated research entities.

According to the findings, these organisations are being targeted by various threat actors, including hacktivist groups, ransomware operators, and nation state entities. The report observes that geopolitical tensions remain a significant factor behind many of these activities, with actors associated with China, Iran, North Korea, and Russia among those identified.

The primary focus of these campaigns has been cyber-espionage, although incidents involving ransomware operations against operational technology (OT) systems have also been reported. The convergence of IT and OT systems, the growing use of cloud technologies, and the increased deployment of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices are noted as factors contributing to the expanded attack surface within the sector.

Resecurity’s HUNTER unit documented various threat actors engaged in targeting critical infrastructure. The report emphasises the need for energy firms to monitor potential exposure of credentials across dark web platforms, particularly due to vulnerabilities within IT and software supply chains.

Technological developments such as AI adoption within the energy sector are also discussed as contributing to the evolving threat landscape. AI is reported to lower entry barriers for certain types of cyber operations, while its integration into critical infrastructure networks introduces additional risks.

The Resecurity analysis also underscores the role of cyber supply chain risks, citing the MOVEit managed file transfer breach as an example of downstream impacts affecting multiple layers of vendors and service providers.

In response to these developments, the US Department of Energy (DOE), alongside the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC), issued updated cybersecurity guidelines in 2024 aimed at strengthening the resilience of electric distribution systems and distributed energy resources.

Overall, the research identifies an increase in cyberattacks targeting energy infrastructure globally, suggesting that some of these activities may be linked to broader geopolitical strategies. The report highlights the involvement of both state-sponsored and criminal actors in shaping this threat environment.

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Ransomware decline masks growing threat

A recent drop in reported ransomware attacks might seem encouraging, yet experts warn this is likely misleading. Figures from the NCC Group show a 32% decline in March 2025 compared to the previous month, totalling 600 incidents.

However, this dip is attributed to unusually large-scale attacks in earlier months, rather than an actual reduction in cybercrime. In fact, incidents were up 46% compared with March last year, highlighting the continued escalation in threat activity.

Rather than fading, ransomware groups are becoming more sophisticated. Babuk 2.0 emerged as the most active group in March, though doubts surround its legitimacy. Security researchers believe it may be recycling leaked data from previous breaches, aiming to trick victims instead of launching new attacks.

A tactic like this mirrors behaviours seen after law enforcement disrupted other major ransomware networks, such as LockBit in 2024.

Industrials were the hardest hit, followed by consumer-focused sectors, while North America bore the brunt of geographic targeting.

With nearly half of all recorded attacks occurring in the region, analysts expect North America, especially Canada, to remain a prime target amid rising political tensions and cyber vulnerability.

Meanwhile, cybercriminals are turning to malvertising, malicious code hidden in online advertisements, as a stealthier route of attack. This tactic has gained traction through the misuse of trusted platforms like GitHub and Dropbox, and is increasingly being enhanced with generative AI tools.

Instead of relying solely on technical expertise, attackers now use AI to craft more convincing and complex threats. As these strategies grow more advanced, experts urge organisations to stay alert and prioritise threat intelligence and collaboration to navigate this volatile cyber landscape.

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