Intellectual property rights

Hollywood’s Warner Bros. Discovery challenge an AI firm over copyright claims

Warner Bros. Discovery has filed a lawsuit against AI company Midjourney, accusing it of large-scale infringement of its intellectual property. The move follows similar actions by Disney and Universal, signalling growing pressure from major studios on AI image and video generators.

The filing includes examples of Midjourney-produced images featuring DC Comics, Looney Tunes and Rick and Morty characters. Warner Bros. Discovery argues that such output undermines its business model, which relies heavily on licensed images and merchandise.

The studio also claims Midjourney profits from copyright-protected works through its subscription services and the ‘Midjourney TV’ platform.

A central question in the case is whether AI-generated material reproducing copyrighted characters constitutes infringement under US law. The courts have not decided on this issue, making the outcome uncertain.

Warner Bros. Discovery is also challenging how Midjourney trains its models, pointing to past statements from company executives suggesting vast quantities of material were indiscriminately collected to build its systems.

With three major Hollywood studios now pursuing lawsuits, the outcome of these cases could establish a precedent for how courts treat AI-generated content.

Warner Bros. Discovery seeks damages that could reach $150,000 per infringed work, or Midjourney’s profits linked to the alleged violations.

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Latvia launches open AI framework for Europe

Language technology company Tilde has released an open AI framework designed for all European languages.

The model, named ‘TildeOpen’, was developed with the support of the European Commission and trained on the Lumi supercomputer in Finland.

According to Tilde’s head Artūrs Vasiļevskis, the project addresses a key gap in US-based AI systems, which often underperform for smaller European languages such as Latvian. By focusing on European linguistic diversity, the framework aims to provide better accessibility across the continent.

Vasiļevskis also suggested that Latvia has the potential to become an exporter of AI solutions. However, he acknowledged that development is at an early stage and that current applications remain relatively simple. The framework and user guidelines are freely accessible online.

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Google avoids forced breakup in search monopoly trial

A United States federal judge has ruled against a forced breakup of Google’s search business, instead opting for a series of behavioural changes to curb anticompetitive behaviour.

The ruling, from US District Court Judge Amit P. Mehta, bars Google from entering or maintaining exclusive deals that tie the distribution of its search products, such as Search, Chrome, and Gemini, to other apps or revenue agreements.

The tech giant will also have to share specific search data with rivals and offer search and search ad syndication services to competitors at standard rates.

The ruling comes a year after Judge Mehta found that Google had illegally maintained its monopoly in online search. The Department of Justice brought the case and pushed for stronger measures, including forcing Google to sell off its Chrome browser and Android operating system.

It also sought to end Google’s lucrative agreements with companies like Apple and Samsung, in which it pays billions to be the default search engine on their devices. The judge acknowledged during the trial that these default placements were ‘extremely valuable real estate’ that effectively locked out rivals.

A final judgement has not yet been issued, as Judge Mehta has given Google and the Department of Justice until 10 September to submit a revised plan. A technical committee will be established to help enforce the judgement, which will go into effect 60 days after entry and last for six years.

Experts say the ruling may influence a separate antitrust trial against Google’s advertising technology business, and that the search case itself is likely to face a lengthy appeals process, stretching into 2028.

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AI-generated media must now carry labels in China

China has introduced a sweeping new law that requires all AI-generated content online to carry labels. The measure, which came into effect on 1 September, aims to tackle misinformation, fraud and copyright infringement by ensuring greater transparency in digital media.

The law, first announced in March by the Cyberspace Administration of China, mandates that all AI-created text, images, video and audio must carry explicit and implicit markings.

These include visible labels and embedded metadata such as watermarks in files. Authorities argue that the rules will help safeguard users while reinforcing Beijing’s tightening grip over online spaces.

Major platforms such as WeChat, Douyin, Weibo and RedNote moved quickly to comply, rolling out new features and notifications for their users. The regulations also form part of the Qinglang campaign, a broader effort by Chinese authorities to clean up online activity with a strong focus on AI oversight.

While Google and other US companies are experimenting with content authentication tools, China has enacted legally binding rules nationwide.

Observers suggest that other governments may soon follow, as global concern about the risks of unlabelled AI-generated material grows.

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US appeals court reverses key findings in Sonos-Google patent case

The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) issued a reversed-in-part and affirmed-in-part a district court decision in the ongoing legal battle between Sonos and Google over smart speaker technologies. The court reversed the district court’s finding that Sonos’s ‘Zone Scene’ patents were unenforceable due to prosecution laches, a legal doctrine that can bar the enforcement of patents if the owner unreasonably delays in pursuing claims.

The district court had held that Sonos waited too long (13 years) to file specific claims following its 2006 provisional application, allegedly prejudicing Google, which had begun developing similar products by 2015.

However, the CAFC found that Google had failed to establish actual prejudice. It noted a lack of evidence that Google had meaningfully invested in the accused technology based on the assumption that Sonos had not already invented it. As a result, the court held that the lower court had abused its discretion in declaring the patents unenforceable.

The CAFC also reversed the district court’s invalidation of the Zone Scene patents for lack of written description, citing sufficient detail in Sonos’s 2019 patents. Google’s argument that the patents described only alternative embodiments was rejected, particularly as Google had presented no expert testimony to rebut Sonos’s claims.

Case background

Essentially, in 2020, Sonos filed a lawsuit against Google in the US, accusing it of infringing on key patents related to wireless multi-room speaker technology. Sonos claimed that after collaborating with Google years earlier, Google used its proprietary technology without permission in products like Google Home and Chromecast.

In 2022, the US International Trade Commission sided with Sonos, leading to a limited import ban on some Google products. In response, Google had to remove or change certain features, such as group volume control.

However, Google later challenged the validity of Sonos’s patents, and some were ruled invalid by a federal court. The legal battle has continued in various jurisdictions, reflecting broader conflicts over intellectual property rights and innovation in the tech world. Both companies have appealed different aspects of the rulings.

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Generative AI music takes ethical turn with Beatoven.ai’s Maestro launch

Beatoven.ai has launched Maestro, a generative AI model for instrumental music that will later expand to vocals and sound effects. The company claims it is the first fully licensed AI model, ensuring royalties for artists and rights holders.

Trained on licensed datasets from partners such as Rightsify and Symphonic Music, Maestro avoids scraping issues and guarantees attribution. Beatoven.ai, with two million users and 15 million tracks generated, says Maestro can be fine-tuned for new genres.

The platform also includes tools for catalogue owners, allowing labels and publishers to analyse music, generate metadata, and enhance back-catalogue discovery. CEO Mansoor Rahimat Khan said Maestro builds an ‘AI-powered music ecosystem’ designed to push creativity forward rather than mimic it.

Industry figures praised the approach. Ed Newton-Rex of Fairly Trained said Maestro proves AI can be ethical, while Musical AI’s Sean Power called it a fair licensing model. Beatoven.ai also plans to expand its API into gaming, film, and virtual production.

The launch highlights the wider debate over licensing versus scraping. Scraping often exploits copyrighted works without payment, while licensed datasets ensure royalties, higher-quality outputs, and long-term trust. Advocates argue that licensing offers a more sustainable and fairer path for GenAI music.

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Publishers set to earn from Comet Plus, Perplexity’s new initiative

Perplexity has announced Comet Plus, a new service that will pay premium publishers to provide high-quality news content as an alternative to clickbait. The company has not disclosed its roster of partners or payment structure, though reports suggest a pool of $42.5 million.

Publishers have long criticised AI services for exploiting their work without compensation. Perplexity, backed by Amazon’s Jeff Bezos, said Comet Plus will create a fairer system and reward journalists for producing trusted content in the era of AI.

The platform introduces a revenue model based on three streams: human visits, search citations, and agent actions. Perplexity argues this approach better reflects how people consume information today, whether by browsing manually, seeking AI-generated answers, or using AI agents.

The company stated that the initiative aims to rebuild trust between readers and publishers, while ensuring that journalism thrives in a changing digital economy. The initial group of publishing partners will be revealed later.

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Netflix limits AI use in productions with new rules

Netflix has issued detailed guidance for production companies on the approved use of generative AI. The guidelines allow AI tools for early ideation tasks such as moodboards or reference images, but stricter oversight applies beyond that stage.

The company outlined five guiding principles. These include ensuring generated content does not replicate copyrighted works, maintaining security of inputs, avoiding use of AI in final deliverables, and prohibiting storage or reuse of production data by AI tools.

Enterprises or vendors working on Netflix content must pass the platform’s AI compliance checks at every stage.

Netflix has already used AI to reduce VFX costs on projects like The Eternaut, but has moved to formalise boundaries around how and when the technology is applied.

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Meta teams up with Midjourney for AI video and image tools

Meta has confirmed a new partnership with Midjourney to license its AI image and video generation technology. The collaboration, announced by Meta Chief AI Officer Alexandr Wang, will see Meta integrate Midjourney’s tools into upcoming models and products.

Midjourney will remain independent following the deal. CEO David Holz said the startup, which has never taken external investment, will continue operating on its own. The company launched its first video model earlier this year and has grown rapidly, reportedly reaching $200 million in revenue by 2023.

Midjourney is currently being sued by Disney and Universal for alleged copyright infringement in AI training data. Meta faces similar challenges, although courts have often sided with tech firms in recent decisions.

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Musicians report surge in AI fakes appearing on Spotify and iTunes

Folk singer Emily Portman has become the latest artist targeted by fraudsters releasing AI-generated music in her name. Fans alerted her to a fake album called Orca appearing on Spotify and iTunes, which she said sounded uncannily like her style but was created without her consent.

Portman has filed copyright complaints, but says the platforms were slow to act, and she has yet to regain control of her Spotify profile. Other artists, including Josh Kaufman, Jeff Tweedy, Father John Misty, Sam Beam, Teddy Thompson, and Jakob Dylan, have faced similar cases in recent weeks.

Many of the fake releases appear to originate from the same source, using similar AI artwork and citing record labels with Indonesian names. The tracks are often credited to the same songwriter, Zyan Maliq Mahardika, whose name also appears on imitations of artists in other genres.

Industry analysts say streaming platforms and distributors are struggling to keep pace with AI-driven fraud. Tatiana Cirisano of Midia Research noted that fraudsters exploit passive listeners to generate streaming revenue, while services themselves are turning to AI and machine learning to detect impostors.

Observers warn the issue is likely to worsen before it improves, drawing comparisons to the early days of online piracy. Artists and rights holders may face further challenges as law enforcement attempts to catch up with the evolving abuse of AI.

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