Economic

Anthropic drives strategic trademark dispute in India

US AI company Anthropic’s expansion into India has triggered a legal dispute with a Bengaluru-based software firm that claims it has used the name ‘Anthropic’ since 2017. The Indian company argues that the US AI firm’s market entry has caused customer confusion. It is seeking recognition of prior use and damages of ₹10 million.

A commercial court in Karnataka has issued notice and suit summons to Anthropic but declined to grant an interim injunction. Further hearings are scheduled. The local firm says it prefers coexistence but turned to litigation due to growing marketplace confusion.

The dispute comes as India becomes a key growth market for global AI companies. Anthropic recently announced local leadership and expanded operations in the country. India’s large digital economy and upcoming AI industry events reinforce its strategic importance.

The case also highlights broader challenges linked to the rapid global expansion of AI firms. Trademark protection, brand due diligence, and regulatory clarity are increasingly central to cross-border digital market entry.

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EU Court opens path for WhatsApp to contest privacy rulings

The Court of Justice of the EU has ruled that WhatsApp can challenge an EDPB decision directly in European courts. Judges confirmed that firms may seek annulment when a decision affects them directly instead of relying solely on national procedures.

A ruling that reshapes how companies defend their interests under the GDPR framework.

The judgment centres on a 2021 instruction from the EDPB to Ireland’s Data Protection Commission regarding the enforcement of data protection rules against WhatsApp.

European regulators argued that only national authorities were formal recipients of these decisions. The court found that companies should be granted standing when their commercial rights are at stake.

By confirming this route, the court has created an important precedent for businesses facing cross-border investigations. Companies will be able to contest EDPB decisions at EU level rather than moving first through national courts, a shift that may influence future GDPR enforcement cases across the Union.

Legal observers expect more direct challenges as organisations adjust their compliance strategies. The outcome strengthens judicial oversight of the EDPB and could reshape the balance between national regulators and EU-level bodies in data protection governance.

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Structural friction, not intelligence, is holding back agentic AI

CIO leadership commentary highlights that many organisations investing in agentic AI, autonomous AI agents designed to execute complex, multi-step tasks, encounter disappointing results when deployments focus solely on outcomes like speed or cost savings without addressing underlying system design challenges.

The so-called ‘friction tax’ arises from siloed data, disjointed workflows and tools that force employees to act as manual connectors between systems, negating much of the theoretical efficiency AI promises.

The author proposes an ‘architecture of flow’ as a solution, in which context is unified across systems and AI agents operate on shared data and protocols, enabling work to move seamlessly between functions without bottlenecks.

This approach prioritises employee experience and customer value, enabling context-rich automation that reduces repetitive work and improves user satisfaction.

Key elements of such an architecture include universal context layers (e.g. standard protocols for data sharing) and agentic orchestration mechanisms that help specialised AI agents communicate and coordinate tasks across complex workflows.

When implemented effectively, this reduces cognitive load, strengthens adoption, and makes business growth a natural result of friction-free operations.

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Conversational advertising takes the stage as ChatGPT tests in-chat promotions

Advertising inside ChatGPT marks a shift in where commercial messages appear, not a break from how advertising works. AI systems have shaped search, social media, and recommendations for years, but conversational interfaces make those decisions more visible during moments of exploration.

Unlike search or social formats, conversational advertising operates inside dialogue. Ads appear because users are already asking questions or seeking clarity. Relevance is built through context rather than keywords, changing when information is encountered rather than how decisions are made.

In healthcare and clinical research, this distinction matters. Conversational ads cannot enroll patients directly, but they may raise awareness earlier in patient journeys and shape later discussions with clinicians and care providers.

Early rollout will be limited to free or low-cost ChatGPT tiers, likely skewing exposure towards patients and caregivers. As with earlier platforms, sensitive categories may remain restricted until governance and safeguards mature.

The main risks are organisational rather than technical. New channels will not fix unclear value propositions or operational bottlenecks. Conversational advertising changes visibility, not fundamentals, and success will depend on responsible integration.

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Europe’s 2025 app market shows a downloads-revenue gap

The mobile app market of Europe in 2025 revealed a distinct divergence between popularity and revenue. AI-driven productivity apps, such as ChatGPT and Google Gemini, dominated downloads, alongside shopping platforms including Temu, SHEIN, and Vinted.

While installs highlight user preferences, active use and monetisation patterns tell a very different story instead of merely reflecting popularity.

Downloads for the top apps show ChatGPT leading with over 64 million, followed by Temu with nearly 44 million. Other widely downloaded apps included Threads, TikTok, CapCut, WhatsApp, Revolut and Lidl Plus.

The prevalence of AI and shopping apps underscores the shift of tools from professional use to everyday tasks, as Europeans increasingly rely on digital services for work, study and leisure.

Revenue patterns diverge sharply from download rankings. TikTok generated €740 million, followed by ChatGPT at €448 million and Tinder at €429 million. Subscription-based and premium-feature apps, including Disney+, Amazon Prime, Google One and YouTube, also rank highly.

In-app spending, rather than download numbers, drives earnings, revealing the importance of monetisation strategies beyond pure popularity.

Regional trends emphasise local priorities. The UK favours domestic finance and public service apps such as Monzo, Tesco, GOV.UK ID Check and HMRC, while Turkey shows strong use of national government, telecom and e-commerce apps, including e-Devlet Kapısı, Turkcell and Trendyol.

These variations highlight how app consumption reflects cultural preferences and the role of domestic services in digital life.

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AI model promises faster monoclonal antibody production

Researchers at the University of Oklahoma have developed a machine-learning model that could significantly speed up the manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies, a fast-growing class of therapies used to treat cancer, autoimmune disorders, and other diseases.

The study, published in Communications Engineering, targets delays in selecting high-performing cell lines during antibody production. Output varies widely between Chinese hamster ovary cell clones, forcing manufacturers to spend weeks screening for high yields.

By analysing early growth data, the researchers trained a model to predict antibody productivity far earlier in the process. Using only the first 9 days of data, it forecast production trends through day 16 and identified higher-performing clones in more than 76% of tests.

The model was developed with Oklahoma-based contract manufacturer Wheeler Bio, combining production data with established growth equations. Although further validation is needed, early results suggest shorter timelines and lower manufacturing costs.

The work forms part of a wider US-funded programme to strengthen biotechnology manufacturing capacity, highlighting how AI is being applied to practical industrial bottlenecks rather than solely to laboratory experimentation.

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Enterprise AI security evolves as Cisco expands AI Defense capabilities

Cisco has announced a major update to its AI Defense platform as enterprise AI evolves from chat tools into autonomous agents. The company says AI security priorities are shifting from controlling outputs to protecting complex agent-driven systems.

The update strengthens end-to-end AI supply chain security by scanning third-party models, datasets, and tools used in development workflows. New inventory features help organisations track provenance and governance across AI resources.

Cisco has also expanded algorithmic red teaming through an upgraded AI Validation interface. The system enables adaptive multi-turn testing and aligns security assessments with NIST, MITRE, and OWASP frameworks.

Runtime protections now reflect the growing autonomy of AI agents. Cisco AI Defense inspects agent-to-tool interactions in real time, adding guardrails to prevent data leakage and malicious task execution.

Cisco says the update responds to the rapid operationalisation of AI across enterprises. The company argues that effective AI security now requires continuous visibility, automated testing, and real-time controls that scale with autonomy.

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EMFA guidance sets expectations for Big Tech media protections

The European Commission has issued implementation guidelines for Article 18 of the European Media Freedom Act (EMFA), setting out how large platforms must protect recognised media content through self-declaration mechanisms.

Article 18 has been in effect for 6 months, and the guidance is intended to translate legal duties into operational steps. The European Broadcasting Union welcomed the clarification but warned that major platforms continue to delay compliance, limiting media organisations’ ability to exercise their rights.

The Commission says self-declaration mechanisms should be easy to find and use, with prominent interface features linked to media accounts. Platforms are also encouraged to actively promote the process, make it available in all EU languages, and use standardised questionnaires to reduce friction.

The guidance also recommends allowing multiple accounts in one submission, automated acknowledgements with clear contact points, and the ability to update or withdraw declarations. The aim is to improve transparency and limit unilateral moderation decisions.

The guidelines reinforce the EMFA’s goal of rebalancing power between platforms and media organisations by curbing opaque moderation practices. The impact of EMFA will depend on enforcement and ongoing oversight to ensure platforms implement the measures in good faith.

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ChatGPT begins limited ads test in the US

OpenAI has begun testing advertisements inside ChatGPT for some adult users in the US, marking a major shift for the widely used AI service.

The ads appear only on Free and Go tiers in the US, while paid plans remain ad free. OpenAI says responses are unaffected, though critics warn commercial messaging could blur boundaries over time in the US.

Ads are selected based on conversation topics and prior interactions, prompting concern among privacy advocates in the US. OpenAI says advertisers receive only aggregated data and cannot view conversations.

Industry analysts say the move reflects growing pressure to monetise costly AI infrastructure in the US. Regulators and researchers continue to debate whether advertising can coexist with trust in AI systems.

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US lawsuits target social media platforms for deliberate child engagement designs

A landmark trial has begun in Los Angeles, accusing Meta and Google’s YouTube of deliberately addicting children to their platforms.

The case is part of a wider series of lawsuits across the US seeking to hold social media companies accountable for harms to young users. TikTok and Snap settled before trial, leaving Meta and YouTube to face the allegations in court.

The first bellwether case involves a 19-year-old identified as ‘KGM’, whose claims could shape thousands of similar lawsuits. Plaintiffs allege that design features were intentionally created to maximise engagement among children, borrowing techniques from slot machines and the tobacco industry.

A trial that may see testimony from executives, including Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg, and could last six to eight weeks.

Social media companies deny the allegations, emphasising existing safeguards and arguing that teen mental health is influenced by numerous factors, such as academic pressure, socioeconomic challenges and substance use, instead of social media alone.

Meta and YouTube maintain that they prioritise user safety and privacy while providing tools for parental oversight.

Similar trials are unfolding across the country. New Mexico is investigating allegations of sexual exploitation facilitated by Meta platforms, while Oakland will hear cases representing school districts.

More than 40 state attorneys general have filed lawsuits against Meta, with TikTok facing claims in over a dozen states. Outcomes could profoundly impact platform design, regulation and legal accountability for youth-focused digital services.

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