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EU plans major staff boost for digital rules

The European Commission is ramping up enforcement of its Digital Services Act (DSA) by hiring 60 more staff to support ongoing investigations into major tech platforms. Despite beginning probes into companies such as X, Meta, TikTok, AliExpress and Temu since December 2023, none have concluded.

The Commission currently has 127 employees working on the DSA and aims to reach 200 by year’s end. Applications for the new roles, including legal experts, policy officers, and data scientists, remain open until 10 May.

The DSA, which came into full effect in February last year, applies to all online platforms in the EU. However, the 25 largest platforms, those with over 45 million monthly users like Google, Amazon, and Shein, fall under the direct supervision of the Commission instead of national regulators.

The most advanced case is against X, with early findings pointing to a lack of transparency and accountability.

The law has drawn criticism from the current Republican-led US government, which views it as discriminatory. Brendan Carr of the US Federal Communications Commission called the DSA ‘an attack on free speech,’ accusing the EU of unfairly targeting American companies.

In response, EU Tech Commissioner Henna Virkkunen insisted the rules are fair, applying equally to platforms from Europe, the US, and China.

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Inephany raises $2.2M to make AI training more efficient

London-based AI startup Inephany has secured $2.2 million in pre-seed funding to develop technology aimed at making the training of neural networks—particularly large language models—more efficient and affordable.

The investment round was led by Amadeus Capital Partners, with participation from Sure Valley Ventures and AI pioneer Professor Steve Young, who joins as both chair and angel investor.

Founded in July 2024 by Dr John Torr, Hami Bahraynian, and Maurice von Sturm, Inephany is building an AI-driven platform that improves training efficiency in real time.

By increasing sample efficiency and reducing computing demands, the company hopes to dramatically cut the cost and time of training cutting-edge models.

The team claims their solution could make AI model development at least ten times more cost-effective compared to current methods.

The funding will support growth of Inephany’s engineering team and accelerate the launch of its first product later this year.

With the costs of training state-of-the-art models now reaching into the hundreds of millions, the startup’s platform aims to make high-performance AI development more sustainable and accessible across industries such as healthcare, weather forecasting, and drug discovery.

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South Korea’s $23B chip industry boost in response to global trade war

South Korea announced a $23 billion support package for its semiconductor industry, increasing from last year’s $19 billion to protect giants like Samsung and SK Hynix from US tariff uncertainties and China’s growing competition.

The plan allocates 20 trillion won in financial aid, up from 17 trillion, to drive innovation and production, addressing a 31.8% drop in chip exports to China due to US trade restrictions.

The package responds to US policies under President Trump, including export curbs on high-bandwidth chips to China, which have disrupted global demand.

At the same time, Finance Minister Choi Sang-mok will negotiate with the US to mitigate potential national security probes on chip trade.

South Korea’s strategy aims to safeguard a critical economic sector that powers everything from smartphones to AI, especially as its auto industry faces US tariff challenges.

Analysts view this as a preemptive effort to shield the chip industry from escalating global trade tensions.

Why does it matter?

For South Koreans, the semiconductor sector is a national lifeline, tied to jobs and economic stability, with the government betting big to preserve its global tech dominance. As China’s tech ambitions grow and US policies remain unpredictable, Seoul’s $23 billion investment speaks out about the cost of staying competitive in a tech-driven world.

Nvidia hit by the new US export rules

Nvidia is facing fresh US export restrictions on its H20 AI chips, dealing a blow to the company’s operations in China.

In a filing on Tuesday, Nvidia revealed it now needs a licence to export these chips indefinitely, after the US government cited concerns they could be used in a Chinese supercomputer.

The company expects a $5.5 billion charge linked to the controls in its first fiscal quarter of 2026, which ends on 27 April. Shares dropped around 6% in after-hours trading.

The H20 is currently the most advanced AI chip Nvidia can sell to China under existing regulations.

Last week, reports suggested CEO Jensen Huang might have temporarily eased tensions during a dinner at Donald Trump’s Mar-a-Lago resort, by promising investments in US-based AI data centres instead of opposing the rules directly.

Just a day before the filing, Nvidia announced plans to manufacture some chips in the US over the next four years, though the specifics were left vague.

Calls for tighter controls had been building, especially after it emerged that China’s DeepSeek used the H20 to train its R1 model, a system that surprised the US AI sector earlier this year.

Government officials had pushed for action, saying the chip’s capabilities posed a strategic risk. Nvidia declined to comment on the new restrictions.

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OpenAI updates safety rules amid AI race

OpenAI has updated its Preparedness Framework, the internal system used to assess AI model safety and determine necessary safeguards during development.

The company now says it may adjust its safety standards if a rival AI lab releases a ‘high-risk’ system without similar protections, a move that reflects growing competitive pressure in the AI industry.

Instead of outright dismissing such flexibility, OpenAI insists that any changes would be made cautiously and with public transparency.

Critics argue OpenAI is already lowering its standards for the sake of faster deployment. Twelve former employees recently supported a legal case against the company, warning that a planned corporate restructure might encourage further shortcuts.

OpenAI denies these claims, but reports suggest compressed safety testing timelines and increasing reliance on automated evaluations instead of human-led reviews. According to sources, some safety checks are also run on earlier versions of models, not the final ones released to users.

The refreshed framework also changes how OpenAI defines and manages risk. Models are now classified as having either ‘high’ or ‘critical’ capability, the former referring to systems that could amplify harm, the latter to those introducing entirely new risks.

Instead of deploying models first and assessing risk later, OpenAI says it will apply safeguards during both development and release, particularly for models capable of evading shutdown, hiding their abilities, or self-replicating.

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xAI adds collaborative workspace to Grok

Elon Musk’s AI firm xAI has introduced a new feature called Grok Studio, offering users a dedicated space to create and edit documents, code, and simple apps.

Available on Grok.com for both free and paying users, Grok Studio opens content in a separate window, allowing for real-time collaboration between the user and the chatbot instead of relying solely on back-and-forth prompts.

Grok Studio functions much like canvas-style tools from other AI developers. It allows code previews and execution in languages such as Python, C++, and JavaScript. The setup mirrors similar features introduced earlier by OpenAI and Anthropic, instead of offering a radically different experience.

All content appears beside Grok’s chat window, creating a workspace that blends conversation with practical development tools.

Alongside this launch, xAI has also announced integration with Google Drive.

It will allow users to attach files directly to Grok prompts, letting the chatbot work with documents, spreadsheets, and slides from Drive instead of requiring uploads or manual input, making the platform more convenient for everyday tasks and productivity.

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Opera brings AI assistant to Opera Mini on Android

Opera, the Norway-based browser maker, has announced the rollout of its AI assistant, Aria, to Opera Mini users on Android. The move represents a strategic effort to bring advanced AI capabilities to users with low-end devices and limited data access, rather than confining such tools to high-spec platforms.

Aria allows users to access up-to-date information, generate images, and learn about a range of topics using a blend of models from OpenAI and Google.

Since its 2005 launch, Opera Mini has been known for saving data during browsing, and Opera claims that the inclusion of Aria won’t compromise that advantage nor increase the app’s size.

It makes the AI assistant more accessible for users in regions where data efficiency is critical, instead of making them choose between smart features and performance.

Opera has long partnered with telecom providers in Africa to offer free data to Opera Mini users. However, last year, it had to end its programme in Kenya due to regulatory restrictions around ads on browser bookmark tiles.

Despite such challenges, Opera Mini has surpassed a billion downloads on Android and now serves more than 100 million users globally.

Alongside this update, Opera continues testing new AI functions, including features that let users manage tabs using natural language and tools that assist with task completion.

An effort like this reflects the company’s ambition to embed AI more deeply into everyday browsing instead of limiting innovation to its main browser.

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Siri AI overhaul delayed until 2026

Apple has revealed plans to use real user data, in a privacy-preserving way, to improve its AI models. The company has acknowledged that synthetic data alone is not producing reliable results, particularly in training large language models that power tools like Writing Tools and notification summaries.

To address this, Apple will compare AI-generated content with real emails from users who have opted in to share Device Analytics. The sampled emails remain on the user’s device, with only a signal sent to Apple about which AI-generated message most closely matches real-world usage.

The move reflects broader efforts to boost the performance of Apple Intelligence, a suite of features that includes message recaps and content summaries.

Apple has faced internal criticism over slow progress, particularly with Siri, which is now seen as falling behind competitors like Google Gemini and Samsung’s Galaxy AI. The tech giant recently confirmed that meaningful AI updates for Siri won’t arrive until 2026, despite earlier promises of a rollout later this year.

In a rare leadership shakeup, Apple CEO Tim Cook removed AI chief John Giannandrea from overseeing Siri after delays were labelled ‘ugly and embarrassing’ by senior executives.

The responsibility for Siri’s future has been handed to Mike Rockwell, the creator of Vision Pro, who now reports directly to software chief Craig Federighi. Giannandrea will continue to lead Apple’s other AI initiatives.

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Elon Musk’s Grok moves closer to ChatGPT

Grok, the AI chatbot from Elon Musk’s xAI, is reportedly gaining a memory feature that allows it to recall previous conversations, bringing it in line with rivals like ChatGPT and Google Gemini.

The feature, spotted by users in the web app, appears as a ‘Personalise with Memories’ toggle in settings and promises to help Grok retain useful context across chats. Users will have the ability to manage what Grok remembers and delete memories when needed, a growing standard in user-controlled AI tools.

The memory update is part of a broader wave of improvements rolling out to Grok, which aims to evolve from a novelty chatbot into a serious digital assistant.

Vision support for voice mode is in development, allowing users to point their camera at objects and receive spoken analysis, while image editing tools are being enhanced to allow stylistic changes to uploaded pictures.

Grok is also preparing to integrate with Google Drive and introduce a new collaborative ‘Workspaces’ feature for larger projects.

These upgrades arrive ahead of the expected release of Grok 3.5, with version 4 planned by year’s end. While the chatbot has carved a niche with its sarcastic tone, xAI appears to be refocusing Grok on practical tasks and creative support.

Whether it can rival the maturity and coherence of more established competitors remains to be seen, but Grok is clearly evolving — and now, it finally remembers who you are.

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Quantum breakthrough could be just years away

Most quantum professionals believe that quantum utility — the point at which quantum computers outperform classical machines in solving real-world problems — could be reached within the next decade.

According to a new survey by Economist Impact, 83% of global experts expect quantum utility to arrive in ten years or less, with one-third predicting it will happen in as little as one to five years.

Optimism aligns with some industry roadmaps, such as Finnish startup IQM, which is targeting quantum utility as early as next year.

However, there’s still little consensus on the timeline. While Google’s CEO Sundar Pichai recently suggested practically useful quantum computers could be five to ten years away, Nvidia’s Jensen Huang believes it may take at least 15 years — a remark that briefly shook confidence in quantum stocks.

Industry confusion over terms like ‘quantum utility,’ ‘advantage,’ and ‘supremacy’ only adds to the uncertainty, highlighting the need for clearer communication and better public understanding.

Despite the buzz, major challenges remain. Over 80% of professionals cite technical barriers, especially error correction, as a major hurdle.

A further 75% point to a lack of skilled talent in the field. While misconceptions about quantum computing are seen as slowing progress, the real bottlenecks lie in engineering and workforce development.

If these can be overcome, quantum computing could revolutionise sectors from pharmaceuticals and materials science to finance and cybersecurity — with profound implications, both promising and perilous.

For more information on these topics, visit diplomacy.edu.