Development

Gmail adds automatic AI summaries

Gmail on mobile now displays AI-generated summaries by default, marking a shift in how Google’s Gemini assistant operates within inboxes.

Instead of relying on users to request a summary, Gemini will now decide when it’s useful—typically for long email threads with multiple replies—and present a brief summary card at the top of the message.

These summaries update automatically as conversations evolve, aiming to save users from scrolling through lengthy discussions.

The feature is currently limited to mobile devices and available only to users with Google Workspace accounts, Gemini Education add-ons, or a Google One AI Premium subscription. For the moment, summaries are confined to emails written in English.

Google expects the rollout to take around two weeks, though it remains unclear when, or if, the tool will extend to standard Gmail accounts or desktop users.

Anyone wanting to opt out must disable Gmail’s smart features entirely—giving up tools like Smart Compose, Smart Reply, and package tracking in the process.

While some may welcome the convenience, others may feel uneasy about their emails being analysed by large language models, especially since this process could contribute to further training of Google’s AI systems.

The move reflects a wider trend across Google’s products, where AI is becoming central to everyday user experiences.

Additional user controls and privacy commitments

According to Google Workspace, users have some control over the summary cards. They can collapse a Gemini summary card, and it will remain collapsed for that specific email thread.

In the near future, Gmail will introduce enhancements, such as automatically collapsing future summary cards for users who consistently collapse them, until the user chooses to expand them again. For emails that don’t display automatic summaries, Gmail still offers manual options.

Users can tap the ‘summarise this email’ chip at the top of the message or use the Gemini side panel to trigger a summary manually. Google also reaffirms its commitment to data protection and user privacy. All AI features in Gmail adhere to its privacy principles, with more details available on the Privacy Hub.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

UK to establish cyber and electromagnetic command to enhance warfare capabilities

The United Kingdom has announced plans to establish a new military formation, the Cyber and Electromagnetic Command, aimed at strengthening its digital and electronic warfare capabilities. The new command will fall under Strategic Command, which already oversees the Ministry of Defence’s offensive and defensive cyber operations and works in coordination with the National Cyber Force.

According to the Ministry of Defence, the formation will be responsible for leading defensive cyber operations, coordinating offensive cyber capabilities, and integrating electromagnetic warfare expertise across the Armed Forces. Rather than creating entirely new capabilities, the command will reorganise existing structures to improve coordination and operational effectiveness.

The announcement comes ahead of the government’s Strategic Defence Review, due to be published on 2 June. The review will set out priorities for defence spending and assess the threats facing the UK, the capabilities required to address them, the condition of the Armed Forces, and the resources available. It is expected to highlight the growing impact of daily cyber attacks on national security and the economy.

To support the new command, the Ministry has introduced an accelerated recruitment route for cyber specialists. This new pathway, announced in February, shortens basic training from ten weeks to four, followed by a three-month programme focused on military cyber skills.

Recruitment and retention remain a key challenge. General Sir Jim Hockenhull, Commander of Strategic Command, previously noted that the competition for digital talent is particularly intense, stating that the UK is currently at a disadvantage in this area. Lieutenant General Tom Copinger-Symes, Deputy Commander of Strategic Command, also highlighted the skills shortage as a more immediate concern than funding.

The review describes the Cyber and Electromagnetic Command as a formation that will consolidate expertise in electromagnetic operations, such as degrading command and control systems, jamming signals to drones or missiles, and intercepting adversary communications. The intention is to ensure these capabilities are available at the right time and place to support integrated military operations.

Hockenhull has also pointed out that the UK’s focus on operations in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past two decades led to a reduced emphasis on electromagnetic capabilities, except in limited areas. He noted that the conflict in Ukraine has demonstrated the importance of integrating cyber and electromagnetic tools with conventional military operations.

In 2024, both Ukraine and Russia have announced plans to establish a new branch within the country’s armed forces specialising in drone warfare and the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

ZTE and XLSMART partner to boost Indonesia’s digital future

ZTE Corporation and XLSMART partnered to accelerate Indonesia’s digital transformation by building a future-ready network infrastructure. Formed after the merger of PT XL Axiata Tbk and PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk, XLSMART aims to enhance connectivity, sustainability, and customer experience across the country, in line with the government’s digital growth vision.

At the core of this collaboration is ZTE’s commitment to delivering advanced technology solutions, particularly in wireless and energy infrastructure. The company will play a key role in developing reliable 5G networks and implementing green, energy-efficient technologies to support the modernisation of Indonesia’s digital ecosystem.

To ensure a smooth post-merger network integration for XLSMART, ZTE will provide a reliable supply chain, rapid delivery of network equipment, and tailored technological innovations. The company will also lead the engineering, implementation, and comprehensive network planning required to optimise performance and investment value.

Together, ZTE and XLSMART are laying the groundwork for a robust and scalable digital infrastructure capable of meeting Indonesia’s current and future connectivity needs.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

Clean energy projects in the US stall amid tax credit uncertainty

US clean energy companies are facing mounting uncertainty as Congress weighs deep cuts to green energy tax credits. Projects like HIF Global’s proposed $7bn e-methanol facility in Texas are now in limbo, with developers warning that the loss of hydrogen subsidies could stall investment decisions.

The plant would convert green hydrogen and captured carbon into low-emission fuel for global aviation and shipping, but without support, firms may shift focus to other markets.

The Biden-era Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) had sparked billions in green investment, especially in Republican-led states.

However, the Trump administration’s rollback efforts and proposed budget cuts could sharply reduce or terminate credits for clean electricity, electric vehicles, and energy-efficient home improvements. Agencies have paused or delayed funding while legal disputes continue, worsening industry-wide uncertainty.

Clean energy investment fell for the second consecutive quarter, according to new data, with $6.9bn in battery manufacturing projects cancelled.

Developers now face rising tariffs, high interest rates, and unclear policy direction, leading to declining confidence in the market. Firms are adjusting strategies to appeal to stakeholders beyond climate goals, focusing instead on local benefits and energy security.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

SCO members invited to join new AI cooperation plan

China has proposed the creation of an AI application centre in cooperation with member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The plan was introduced at the 2025 China-SCO AI Cooperation Forum, held in Tianjin, with the goal of deepening collaboration in AI across the region.

The proposed centre aims to support talent development, foster industrial partnerships, and promote open-source service cooperation.

Presented under the theme ‘Intelligence Converges in China, Wisdom Benefits SCO,‘ the forum brought together officials and experts to discuss practical AI cooperation and governance mechanisms that would serve the shared interests of SCO nations.

According to Huang Ru of China’s National Development and Reform Commission, closer cooperation in AI will drive economic and social growth across the SCO, reduce the digital divide, and contribute to inclusive global progress.

China reaffirmed its commitment to the ‘Shanghai Spirit’ and called for joint efforts to ensure AI development remains secure, equitable and beneficial for all member states.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

Thailand advances satellite rules

The Thai National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) has recently proposed a draft regulation titled ‘Criteria for Authorisation to Use Frequency Bands for Land, Aeronautical, and Maritime Earth Stations in FSS Services’. The regulation specifically targets the operation of Earth Stations in Motion (ESIMs), which include land-based stations on vehicles, aeronautical stations on aircraft, and maritime stations on ships and offshore platforms.

It defines dedicated frequency bands for both geostationary (GSO) and non-geostationary (NGSO) satellites, aligning closely with international best practices and recommendations from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The primary objective of this draft is to streamline the process for using specific radio frequencies by removing the need for individual frequency allocation for each ESIM deployment.

That approach aims to simplify and accelerate the rollout of high-speed satellite internet services for mobile users across various sectors, thus promoting innovation and economic development by facilitating faster and broader adoption of advanced satellite communications. Overall, the NBTC’s initiative underscores the critical importance for regulators worldwide to continually update their spectrum management frameworks.

Why does it matter?

In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, outdated or rigid regulations can obstruct innovation and economic growth. Effective spectrum management must strike a balance between preventing harmful interference and supporting the deployment of cutting-edge communication technologies like satellite-based internet services.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

Central African Republic will tokenise land using $CAR coin

The Central African Republic (CAR) will begin tokenising over 1,700 hectares of land using its national meme coin, $CAR, according to President Faustin-Archange Touadéra. The announcement came shortly after a notable price surge in the token, which has risen over 127% in the past week.

From June, land concessions will be accessible online via $CAR on the Solana blockchain. The initiative is part of the country’s broader push to integrate crypto into its national development strategy, with a focus on transparency and accessibility.

The targeted area lies west of Bossongo, roughly 45 kilometres from Bangui.

The land tokenisation follows earlier crypto efforts such as Sango Coin, which has since been scrapped. However, $CAR continues to receive strong backing from the president.

The coin now has more than 18,400 holders and a market cap of over $56 million. Its recent use may also involve mining, as the decree references CAR’s mining laws and history of resource extraction.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot! 

DeepSeek claims its new AI rivals top global models

Chinese AI start-up DeepSeek has announced a major upgrade to its R1 model, stating that the new version, R1-0528, now matches the performance of top-tier models from global giants like OpenAI and Google.

Unveiled on Thursday, the upgraded model brings notable improvements in reasoning and creative writing, allowing it to generate argumentative essays, fiction, and prose with a style said to be close to human authors.

DeepSeek also reported enhanced coding capabilities, positioning the model as a more versatile tool for both technical and literary applications.

The original R1 model debuted in January. With the R1-0528 update, DeepSeek appears to be accelerating its efforts to compete with established Western AI developers in both domestic and international markets.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

Gemini AI can now summarise videos in Google Drive

Google is expanding Gemini AI’s capabilities in Drive by enabling it to analyse video files and respond to user questions or generate concise summaries.

The new feature aims to save users time by providing quick insights from lengthy content such as meetings, classes or announcements, instead of requiring them to watch the entire video. Until now, Gemini could only summarise documents and PDFs stored in Drive.

According to a blog post published on 28 May 2025, the feature will support prompts like ‘Summarise the video’ or ‘List action items from the meeting.’ Users can access Gemini’s functionality either through Drive’s overlay previewer or a standalone viewer in a separate browser tab.

However, captions must be enabled within the user’s domain for the feature to work properly.

The update is being gradually rolled out and is expected to be available to all eligible users by 19 June. At the moment, it is limited to English and accessible only to users of Google Workspace and Google One AI Premium, or those with Gemini Business or Enterprise add-ons.

For administrators, smart features and personalisation settings must be activated to grant access.

To use the new function, users can double-click on a video file in Drive and select the ‘Ask Gemini’ option marked by a star icon in the top right corner. Google says the upgrade reflects a broader effort to integrate AI seamlessly into everyday workflows by making content easier to navigate and understand.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!

Meta faces backlash over open source AI claims

Meta is under renewed scrutiny for what critics describe as ‘open washing’ after sponsoring a Linux Foundation whitepaper on the benefits of open source AI.

The paper highlights how open models help reduce enterprise costs—claiming companies using proprietary AI tools spend over three times more. However, Meta’s involvement has raised questions, as its Llama AI models are presented as open source despite industry experts insisting otherwise.

Amanda Brock, head of OpenUK, argues that Llama does not meet accepted definitions of open source due to licensing terms that restrict commercial use.

She referenced the Open Source Initiative’s (OSI) standards, which Llama fails to meet, pointing to the presence of commercial limitations that contradict open source principles. Brock noted that open source should allow unrestricted use, which Llama’s license does not support.

Meta has long branded its Llama models as open source, but the OSI and other stakeholders have repeatedly pushed back, stating that the company’s licensing undermines the very foundation of open access.

While Brock acknowledged Meta’s contribution to the broader open source conversation, she also warned that such mislabelling could have serious consequences—especially as lawmakers and regulators increasingly reference open source in crafting AI legislation.

Other firms have faced similar allegations, including Databricks with its DBRX model in 2024, which was also criticised for failing to meet OSI standards. As the AI sector continues to evolve, the line between truly open and merely accessible models remains a point of growing tension.

Would you like to learn more about AI, tech and digital diplomacy? If so, ask our Diplo chatbot!