Cybersecurity Archives | Page 244 of 392 | Digital Watch Observatory

184 million passwords exposed in massive data breach

A major data breach has exposed over 184 million user credentials, including emails, passwords, and account details for platforms such as Google, Microsoft and government portals. It is still unclear whether this was due to negligence or deliberate criminal activity.

The unencrypted, unprotected database was discovered online by cybersecurity researcher Jeremiah Fowler, who confirmed many of the credentials were current and accurate. The breach highlights ongoing failures by data handlers to apply even the most basic security measures.

Fowler believes the data was gathered using infostealer malware, which silently extracts login information from compromised devices and sells it on the dark web. After the database was reported, the hosting provider took it offline, but the source remains unknown.

Security experts urge users to update passwords across all platforms, enable two-factor authentication, and use password managers and data removal services. In today’s hyper-connected world, the exposure of such critical information without encryption is seen as both avoidable and unacceptable.

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Microsoft takes down massive Lumma malware network

Microsoft has dismantled a major cybercrime operation centred around the Lumma Stealer malware, which had infected over 394,000 Windows devices globally.

In partnership with global law enforcement and industry partners, Microsoft seized more than 1,300 domains linked to the malware.

The malware was known for stealing sensitive data such as login credentials, bank details and cryptocurrency information, making it a go-to tool for cybercriminals since 2022.

The takedown followed a court order from a US federal court and included help from the US Department of Justice, Europol, and Japan’s cybercrime unit.

Microsoft’s Digital Crimes Unit also received assistance from firms like Cloudflare and Bitsight to disrupt the infrastructure that supported Lumma’s Malware-as-a-Service network.

The operation is being hailed as a significant win against a sophisticated threat that had evolved to target Windows and Mac users. Security experts urge users to adopt strong cyber hygiene, including antivirus software, two-factor authentication, and password managers.

Microsoft’s action is part of a broader effort to tackle infostealers, which have fuelled a surge in data breaches and identity theft worldwide.

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Colt, Honeywell and Nokia to trial quantum cryptography in space

Colt Technology Services, Honeywell, and Nokia have joined forces to trial quantum key distribution (QKD) via satellites to develop quantum-safe networks. The trial builds on a previous Colt pilot focused on terrestrial quantum-secure networks.

The collaboration aims to tackle the looming cybersecurity risks of quantum computing, which threatens to break current encryption methods. The project seeks to deliver secure global communication beyond the current 100km terrestrial limit by trialling space-based and subsea QKD.

Low-Earth orbit satellites will explore QKD over ultra-long distances, including transatlantic spans. The initiative is designed to support sectors that handle sensitive data, such as finance, healthcare, and government, by offering encryption solutions resistant to quantum threats.

Leaders from all three companies emphasised the urgency of developing safeguards to protect against future threats. A joint white paper, The Journey to Quantum-Safe Networking, has been released to outline the risks and technical roadmap for this new frontier in secure communications.

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Diplo joins Brazil’s Internet Forum and celebrates CGI.br’s 30 years

Diplo actively participated in Brazil’s Internet Forum (FIB), held from May 26 to 30 and hosted by the Brazilian Internet Steering Committee (CGI.br). The event brought together key stakeholders from across sectors to discuss pressing issues in digital governance.

Representing Diplo, Marilia Maciel contributed to critical discussions on state roles and multistakeholder collaboration in managing cloud infrastructures and defending digital sovereignty. She also offered insights during the main session on setting principles for regulating digital platforms.

Maciel’s contributions were recognised with the ‘Destaques em Governança da Internet no Brasil’ award, one of the most respected acknowledgments of excellence in internet governance in the country. The award highlights individuals and organisations that have made significant advances in promoting inclusive and effective digital policy in Brazil.

The event also marked a major milestone for CGI.br—its 30th anniversary. Diplo joined in celebrating the committee’s three decades of leadership in internet governance. CGI.br’s pioneering approach to multistakeholder governance has served not only as a national model but as a global inspiration for collaborative digital policy-making.

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China creates AI to detect real nuclear warheads

Chinese scientists have created the world’s first AI-based system capable of identifying real nuclear warheads from decoys, marking a significant step in arms control verification.

The breakthrough, developed by the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), could strengthen Beijing’s hand in stalled disarmament talks, although it also raises difficult questions about AI’s growing role in managing weapons of mass destruction.

The technology builds on a long-standing US–China proposal but faced key obstacles: how to train AI using sensitive nuclear data, gain military approval without risking secret leaks, and persuade sceptical nations like the US to move past Cold War-era inspection methods.

So far, only the AI training has been completed, with the rest of the process still pending international acceptance.

The AI system uses deep learning and cryptographic protocols to analyse scrambled radiation signals from warheads behind a polythene wall, ensuring the weapons’ internal designs remain hidden.

The machine can verify a warhead’s chain-reaction potential without accessing classified details. According to CIAE, repeated randomised tests reduce the chance of deception to nearly zero.

While both China and the US have pledged not to let AI control nuclear launch decisions, the new system underlines AI’s expanding role in national defence.

Beijing insists the AI can be jointly trained and sealed before use to ensure transparency, but sceptics remain wary of trust, backdoor access and growing militarisation of AI.

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Lazarus group fails in phishing attempt on BitMEX

BitMEX has revealed it successfully stopped a phishing attempt by the Lazarus Group, a hacking network linked to North Korea. Attackers posed as a Web3 partner on LinkedIn, trying to trick a BitMEX employee into running malicious GitHub code.

BitMEX’s security team detected the threat early and linked it to infrastructure previously associated with Lazarus.

The exchange noted Lazarus uses simple phishing before more advanced hacks. A failed operational safeguard even exposed an IP address tied to North Korean operations, located in Jiaxing, China.

Experts believe the group’s hacking efforts are split among subgroups, each with different technical skill levels.

Lazarus has been blamed for a sharp rise in crypto thefts. Chainalysis reported North Korean-linked actors stole $1.34 billion in 2024, accounting for 61% of the total stolen in crypto-related crimes that year.

Social engineering remains their primary entry tactic, as seen in major incidents like the Bybit and Radiant Capital hacks.

The group continues to launch daily fraud attempts using a mix of phishing, fake job offers, and malicious files to compromise individuals and organisations across the crypto space.

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NATO weighs inclusion of cybersecurity in new 5% defense spending target

NATO is discussing proposals to broaden the scope of defence-related expenditures to help member states meet a proposed spending target of 5% of GDP. According to Bloomberg, the target includes 3.5% for traditional defence spending and 1.5% for related activities.

The 1.5% portion may include cybersecurity, protection of critical infrastructure, border and coastal security, space-related initiatives, and the work of non-defence intelligence agencies. Some member states are also advocating for the inclusion of counter-terrorism efforts and dual-use infrastructure, pending agreement among the alliance.

The proposals are currently under negotiation and are expected to be discussed further by NATO’s policy and planning committee. These discussions will inform a framework to be considered at the alliance’s summit in June.

A final decision on the classification of eligible expenditures has not yet been made, according to the reports, and remains subject to consensus among member states. NATO has not responded publicly to inquiries regarding the ongoing negotiations.

The 5% figure was originally proposed by former US President Donald Trump and was initially viewed as an ambitious benchmark. Recent reporting suggests, however, that a growing number of member states now recognise the need for increased defence investments. As of April, 23 out of 32 NATO members had met the current 2% defence spending guideline, with all expected to do so by the summer.

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UK to establish cyber and electromagnetic command to enhance warfare capabilities

The United Kingdom has announced plans to establish a new military formation, the Cyber and Electromagnetic Command, aimed at strengthening its digital and electronic warfare capabilities. The new command will fall under Strategic Command, which already oversees the Ministry of Defence’s offensive and defensive cyber operations and works in coordination with the National Cyber Force.

According to the Ministry of Defence, the formation will be responsible for leading defensive cyber operations, coordinating offensive cyber capabilities, and integrating electromagnetic warfare expertise across the Armed Forces. Rather than creating entirely new capabilities, the command will reorganise existing structures to improve coordination and operational effectiveness.

The announcement comes ahead of the government’s Strategic Defence Review, due to be published on 2 June. The review will set out priorities for defence spending and assess the threats facing the UK, the capabilities required to address them, the condition of the Armed Forces, and the resources available. It is expected to highlight the growing impact of daily cyber attacks on national security and the economy.

To support the new command, the Ministry has introduced an accelerated recruitment route for cyber specialists. This new pathway, announced in February, shortens basic training from ten weeks to four, followed by a three-month programme focused on military cyber skills.

Recruitment and retention remain a key challenge. General Sir Jim Hockenhull, Commander of Strategic Command, previously noted that the competition for digital talent is particularly intense, stating that the UK is currently at a disadvantage in this area. Lieutenant General Tom Copinger-Symes, Deputy Commander of Strategic Command, also highlighted the skills shortage as a more immediate concern than funding.

The review describes the Cyber and Electromagnetic Command as a formation that will consolidate expertise in electromagnetic operations, such as degrading command and control systems, jamming signals to drones or missiles, and intercepting adversary communications. The intention is to ensure these capabilities are available at the right time and place to support integrated military operations.

Hockenhull has also pointed out that the UK’s focus on operations in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past two decades led to a reduced emphasis on electromagnetic capabilities, except in limited areas. He noted that the conflict in Ukraine has demonstrated the importance of integrating cyber and electromagnetic tools with conventional military operations.

In 2024, both Ukraine and Russia have announced plans to establish a new branch within the country’s armed forces specialising in drone warfare and the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

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Japan to develop new cybersecurity strategy and measures

The Japanese government is preparing to develop a new cybersecurity strategy within the year, aiming to address growing digital threats targeting both public institutions and private enterprises. As part of the forthcoming strategy, the government plans to transition its internal communications systems from public-key cryptography to post-quantum cryptography, which is considered more resilient against potential cyberattacks enabled by quantum computing technologies.

In a recent development, Defence Minister Gen Nakatani met with Lithuanian Defence Minister Dovile Šakalienė in Tokyo, where both sides agreed to strengthen bilateral cooperation on cybersecurity. A Japanese Ministry of Defence expert will be sent to Lithuania in June to engage with local specialists, who are recognised for their expertise in managing persistent cyber threats, particularly those attributed to Russian state-linked actors.

The agreement follows an earlier announcement that Japan intends to expand its pool of specialist cybersecurity personnel from the current 24,000 to at least 50,000 by 2030. The target was introduced in response to a Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) panel recommendation that the country needs approximately 110,000 skilled cybersecurity professionals to meet growing demand.

Under new regulatory measures due to take effect in 2026, the government will also begin inspecting the cybersecurity practices of private companies. Firms failing to meet the established standards may risk losing access to state subsidies.

Earlier this year, the parliament passed a new law enabling active cyberdefence measures, allowing authorities to legally monitor communications data during peacetime and neutralise foreign servers if cyberattacks occur.

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How AI could quietly sabotage critical software

When Google’s Jules AI agent added a new feature to a live codebase in under ten minutes, it initially seemed like a breakthrough. But the same capabilities that allow AI tools to scan, modify, and deploy code rapidly also introduce new, troubling possibilities—particularly in the hands of malicious actors.

Experts are now voicing concern over the risks posed by hostile agents deploying AI tools with coding capabilities. If weaponised by rogue states or cybercriminals, the tools could be used to quietly embed harmful code into public or private repositories, potentially affecting millions of lines of critical software.

Even a single unnoticed line among hundreds of thousands could trigger back doors, logic bombs, or data leaks. The risk lies in how AI can slip past human vigilance.

From modifying update mechanisms to exfiltrating sensitive data or weakening cryptographic routines, the threat is both technical and psychological.

Developers must catch every mistake; an AI only needs to succeed once. As such tools become more advanced and publicly available, the conversation around safeguards, oversight, and secure-by-design principles is becoming urgent.

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