OpenAI has removed accounts linked to users in China and North Korea over concerns they were using ChatGPT for malicious activities.
The company cited cases of AI-generated content being used for surveillance, influence campaigns, and fraudulent schemes. AI tools were employed to detect the operations.
Some accounts produced news articles in Spanish that criticised the US and were later published under a Chinese company’s byline. Others, potentially connected to North Korea, created fake resumes and online profiles in an attempt to secure jobs at Western firms.
A separate operation, believed to be tied to financial fraud in Cambodia, used ChatGPT to generate and translate comments on social media.
The US government has raised concerns over China’s use of AI to spread misinformation and suppress its population. Security risks associated with AI-driven disinformation and fraudulent activities have led to increased scrutiny of how such tools are being used globally.
OpenAI’s ChatGPT remains the most widely used AI chatbot, with over 400 million weekly active users. The company is also in discussions to secure up to $40 billion in funding, which could set a record for a private firm.
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Estonia, a small Baltic nation with a population of 1.4 million, has emerged as a leader in the rush to fund defence projects in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. With heightened security concerns in the region, particularly among the Baltic states that share a border with Russia, Estonia has leveraged its thriving tech sector to fuel investment in defence technologies. The war has created an urgent need for innovation, prompting tech entrepreneurs such as Sten Tamkivi, a former Skype executive, to direct investment towards defence, European sovereignty, and security solutions.
Estonia’s role in supporting emerging defence companies is made possible by the country’s strong network of tech unicorns and wealthy entrepreneurs. With companies like Skype, TransferWise, and Bolt originating from Estonia, local tech executives have the financial resources to invest in critical military technologies. Moreover, Estonia’s proximity to Ukraine allows for rapid collaboration on the frontlines, testing new technologies such as AI-driven defence tools and drones. This has positioned the country as a central player in Europe’s defence tech landscape, with the number of defence-focused funding rounds in Eastern Europe growing sharply since the war began.
Across Central and Eastern Europe, the growing interest in defence tech is evident, with funds like Presto Ventures in Prague also tapping into the sector. The Czech Republic has launched initiatives to support small enterprises in defence, while Estonia has introduced a 100 million euro fund to support the development of its own defence tech ecosystem. Estonia’s longer-term goal is to reach 2 billion euros in defence tech revenue by 2030, focusing on disruptive, offensive technologies.
The region’s defence tech startups are benefiting from a shift in investor sentiment, with venture capital pouring into areas like AI, quantum computing, and cybersecurity. Despite initial doubts about the sector’s growth, the continuing conflict in Ukraine has ensured that defence technology remains a critical priority.
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The Philippines has reported attempts by foreign actors to infiltrate government intelligence systems, though no breaches have occurred, according to Cyber Minister Ivan Uy.
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs), often linked to state-backed groups, have persistently targeted the nation but failed to compromise its cybersecurity defences.
Uy highlighted that some threats, described as ‘sleepers’, had been embedded in systems before being uncovered through government cybersecurity measures. He expressed concerns about such threats operating undetected for extended periods.
Efforts to trace the origins of these attacks are challenging, as hackers often leave misleading evidence. Diplomatic cooperation and intelligence sharing with the military and international allies have become key tools in countering these threats.
Last year, the government successfully thwarted cyberattacks allegedly originating in China, including attempts to breach systems related to maritime security. Uy noted that global cyber conflicts resemble a ‘non-kinetic World War III’, with nations and organisations exploiting digital vulnerabilities for strategic or financial gain.
In addition to cyberattacks, the Philippines is grappling with rising misinformation, deepfakes, and ‘fake news media outlets’ ahead of its mid-term elections in May.
The ministry has deployed tools to counter these risks, emphasising their potential to harm democracies reliant on informed public opinion during elections.
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A wave of cyber attacks hit around 20 Italian websites, including those of banks and airports, in an incident linked to rising tensions between Rome and Moscow.
Italy‘s cybersecurity agency attributed the attacks to the pro-Russian hacker group Noname057(16), which targeted websites such as Intesa Sanpaolo, Banca Monte dei Paschi, Iccrea Banca, and Milan’s Linate and Malpensa airports. Authorities reported no major disruptions.
The attack followed recent remarks by Italian President Sergio Mattarella, who compared Russia‘s war on Ukraine to Nazi Germany‘s expansionism.
Moscow condemned the statement, while Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni defended it. The hackers cited Mattarella’s comments as motivation for their actions, according to Italy’s cybersecurity agency.
Noname057(16) previously claimed responsibility for a cyber attack on Italy in December, which targeted around 10 institutional websites. Some of the affected organisations declined to comment on the latest breach, while others reported no operational impact. Italian authorities continue to monitor the situation.
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A new report from Google states that cybercrime continues to expand, intersecting with state-backed cyber operations. Released ahead of the Munich Security Conference, research from Google’s Threat Intelligence Group and Mandiant outlines findings from their investigations in 2024 and trends observed over the past four years.
According to Google, financially motivated and state-backed cyber activities are becoming more interconnected. Cybercriminal ecosystems facilitate the acquisition of malware, vulnerabilities, and operational support, offering lower-cost alternatives to state-developed capabilities.
The report emphasises that while cybercrime and state-backed cyber operations increasingly overlap, responses to these threats require distinct strategies. Cybercrime often involves networks operating across jurisdictions, necessitating international collaboration to address its impact effectively.
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A controversy has emerged over the British government’s reported attempt to compel Apple to grant authorities access to encrypted iCloud accounts, leading to calls for increased transparency from intelligence agencies. Sir Jeremy Fleming, the former head of the UK’s GCHQ from 2017 to 2023, addressed this issue at the Munich Cyber Security Conference, highlighting the need for public understanding and trust in intelligence operations. He emphasised that an agency’s ‘license to operate’ should be grounded in transparency.
The UK government has contested the description of a ‘back door’ in relation to the notice, clarifying that it seeks to ensure Apple maintains the capability to provide iCloud data in response to lawful warrants, a function that existed prior to the introduction of end-to-end encryption for iCloud in December 2022.
Since 2020, Apple has provided iCloud data to UK authorities in response to four of more than 6,000 legal requests for customer information under non-IPA laws. However, this data excludes requests made under the Investigatory Powers Act (IPA), the UK’s primary law for accessing tech company data.
Fleming emphasised the importance of intelligence agencies providing clear explanations of their operations, particularly in relation to new technologies. He pointed out the need for a better understanding of how intelligence agencies operate in practice, particularly as technological advancements change their methods.
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Authorities have arrested four Russian nationals suspected of deploying Phobos ransomware to extort payments from victims across Europe and beyond. Europol announced that law enforcement agencies from 14 countries worked together to dismantle the network, taking down 27 servers linked to the cybercriminals. The individuals arrested were reportedly leaders of the 8Base ransomware group, a key player in distributing Phobos malware.
The operation follows a series of recent arrests targeting Phobos-related cybercrime. In June 2024, a key administrator of the ransomware was apprehended in South Korea and later extradited to the United States, while another major affiliate was arrested in Italy last year. Authorities have since issued warnings to over 400 companies worldwide about imminent cyberattacks.
Phobos ransomware has been particularly damaging to small and medium-sized businesses, which often lack strong cybersecurity protections. Europol’s latest Russian crackdown is a significant step in weakening the ransomware network and preventing further cyber extortion efforts.
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Google has removed a key passage from its AI principles that previously committed to steering clear of potentially harmful applications, including weapons. The now-missing section, titled ‘AI applications we will not pursue,’ explicitly stated that the company would not develop technologies likely to cause harm, as seen in archived versions of the page reviewed by Bloomberg.
The change has sparked concern among AI ethics experts. Margaret Mitchell, former co-lead of Google’s ethical AI team and now chief ethics scientist at Hugging Face, criticised the move. ‘Having that removed is erasing the work that so many people in the ethical AI space and the activist space as well had done at Google, and more problematically, it means Google will probably now work on deploying technology directly that can kill people,’ she said.
With ethics guardrails shifting, questions remain about how Google will navigate the evolving AI landscape—and whether its revised stance signals a broader industry trend toward prioritising market dominance over ethical considerations.
Multiple Russian cybersecurity firms have published research reports on emerging threats, including a large-scale information-stealing campaign targeting local organisations using the Nova malware.
According to a report from Moscow-based BI.ZONE, Nova is a commercial malware sold as a service on dark web marketplaces. Prices range from $50 for a monthly license to $630 for a lifetime license. Nova is a variant of SnakeLogger, a widely used malware known for stealing sensitive information.
While the developers of Nova remain unidentified, the code contains strings in Polish, and a Telegram group dedicated to promoting and supporting the malware was created in August 2024. The scale of the campaign and the full extent of its impact on Russian organisations remain unclear.
Over the weekend, F.A.C.C.T. reported a cyberespionage campaign targeting chemical, food, and pharmaceutical companies in Russia, attributing the attacks to a state-backed group named Rezet (or Rare Wolf). Meanwhile, Solar reported an attack on Russian industrial facilities by the newly identified group APT NGC4020, which exploited a vulnerability in a SolarWinds tool.
The Nova malware collects a wide range of data, including saved authentication credentials, keystrokes, screenshots, and clipboard content. This stolen data can be used in a variety of malicious activities, such as facilitating ransomware attacks. The malware is distributed through phishing emails, often disguised as contracts, to trick employees in organisations that handle high volumes of email correspondence.
Swedish authorities have ruled out sabotage in the recent Baltic Sea fibre optic cable break, attributing the damage to adverse weather, faulty equipment, and poor seamanship.
Senior prosecutor Mats Ljungqvist of Sweden’s National Security Unit stated Monday that the vessel responsible for the 26 January incident, which severed an undersea cable between Latvia and Sweden, did not act with malicious intent.
Swedish officials, including the coast guard, police, and military, participated in the probe. While the vessel had been seized during the investigation, authorities have now lifted that restriction.
