Cybercrime

OpenAI improves GPT-4 with CriticGPT

OpenAI has launched CriticGPT, a new model based on GPT-4, designed to identify and critique errors in ChatGPT’s outputs. The tool aims to enhance human trainers’ effectiveness by assisting them in providing feedback on the chatbot’s performance.

According to OpenAI, CriticGPT-assisted trainers have demonstrated a 60% improvement over those without assistance, particularly in reducing false outputs. However, challenges remain, especially in handling complex tasks and scattered errors.

Similar to ChatGPT’s training process, CriticGPT learns through human feedback, focusing on identifying intentionally inserted errors in ChatGPT’s code outputs. Evaluations showed that CriticGPT’s critiques were preferred over ChatGPT’s in 63% of cases involving naturally occurring bugs, highlighting its ability to minimize irrelevant feedback.

OpenAI plans to further develop CriticGPT’s capabilities, aiming to integrate advanced methods to improve human-generated feedback for GPT-4. The initiative underscores the ongoing role of human oversight in refining AI technologies despite their increasing automation capabilities.

Geisinger reveals data breach by ex-employee affecting million patients

Geisinger recently disclosed that on 29 November, a former Nuance Communications employee detected unauthorised patient data access just two days after the employee’s termination. Nuance Communications, a technology service provider owned by Microsoft, has access to Geisinger’s patient records as part of their IT services agreement.

Upon notification of the breach, Nuance promptly revoked the ex-employee’s access to Geisinger’s records and initiated an investigation to assess the incident’s extent. Subsequent findings revealed that the former employee had illicitly obtained information about over one million Geisinger patients. The compromised data included details such as names, dates of birth, addresses, medical record numbers, race, gender, phone numbers, and facility name abbreviations.

Geisinger clarified that sensitive information like claims or insurance details, credit card numbers, bank account information, and Social Security numbers remained secure and were not accessed by the ex-employee. Following a thorough investigation, the former Nuance employee was apprehended and is currently facing federal charges. Geisinger’s chief privacy officer, Jonathan Friesen, emphasised the organisation’s commitment to safeguarding patient privacy, stating, ‘Our patients’ and members’ privacy is a top priority, and we take protecting it very seriously.’ Friesen expressed gratitude for the swift resolution of the case while acknowledging the unfortunate breach.

The former Nuance employee, Max Vance, is now undergoing legal proceedings at the US Middle District Court in Williamsport. Geisinger has advised all impacted individuals to remain vigilant by monitoring their credit reports, account statements, and benefits for any unusual activity. In case of suspicion, affected individuals are urged to report such incidents to the relevant authorities, including law enforcement agencies and the state attorney general.

Evolve Bank and Trust falls victim to cyberattack affecting FinTech companies

Evolve Bank and Trust, a prominent financial institution favoured by fintech startups, disclosed on Wednesday that it was victim to a cyberattack and data breach that may have impacted its affiliated companies. According to the company’s statement, the incident involved the personal information and data of some Evolve retail bank customers.

The cybercriminals linked to the breach are believed to be the infamous ransomware gang LockBit, which purportedly shared data stolen from Evolve on its dark web leak site. Evolve’s website lists several companies as partners that rely on the bank to provide various financial and lending services. 

The spokesperson of one of the partner companies Affirm, posted on X that the company is investigating the incident and will directly communicate with affected consumers as more information becomes available. Affirm also notified its customers about the breach and assured them that it is safe to use their card and Money Accounts while the investigation continues.

Other partner companies also spoke up. EarnIn’s spokesperson, Stephanie Borman, mentioned that the company is closely monitoring the situation. Marqeta’s spokesperson, Kelly Kraft, acknowledged the breach and highlighted that Evolve supports a portion of their business. Melio’s co-founder and CEO, Matan Bar, confirmed awareness of the breach and assured customers that operations remain unaffected. Finally, Mercury, another partner of Evolve, disclosed that the breach impacted company records including account numbers, deposit balances, business owner names, and emails.

As more affected companies step forward, the full extent of the breach’s impact on Evolve’s customers and partners will likely become clearer. Evolve has recently made headlines for issues related to its fintech collaborations, with the Federal Reserve ordering the bank to enhance its risk management programs concerning fintech partnerships and anti-money laundering laws. 

Indonesia orders audit after ransomware compromises government data

President of Indonesia Joko Widodo has ordered an audit of government data centres following a significant ransomware cyberattack that exposed the country’s vulnerability to such incidents.

The attack, which disrupted multiple government services, including immigration and airport operations, affected over 230 public agencies. Despite an $8 million ransom demand, the government of Indonesia has refused to pay to retrieve the encrypted data.

In response, state auditor Muhammad Yusuf Ateh announced that the audit would examine both the governance and financial aspects of the data centres. The head of Indonesia’s cybersecurity agency, Hinsa Siburian, revealed that 98% of the compromised data had not been backed up, highlighting a major governance issue.

Communications Minister Budi Arie Setiadi acknowledged that while backup capacity was available, budget constraints had prevented its use, which will now be made mandatory.

The cyberattack has led to widespread criticism of Minister Setiadi, with digital advocacy group SAFEnet calling for his resignation due to repeated cyberattacks.

Setiadi countered with a petition to stay on as minister and informed parliament that a ‘non-state actor’ seeking money was likely behind the attack. The government aims to fully restore services by August, using backup data centres and improved cybersecurity measures.

Why does it matter?

The IATSE’s tentative agreement represents a significant step forward in securing fair wages and job protections for Hollywood’s behind-the-scenes workers, ensuring that the rapid technological advancements do not come at the expense of human employment.

TeamViewer blames Russia-linked hackers for cyberattack

German software company TeamViewer announced on Friday that it was the target of a cyberattack earlier this week. The company accused the hacker group APT29 from Russia, known as ‘Cozy Bear’ or Midnight Blizzard, of being behind the breach. Western intelligence agencies allege that APT29 operates on behalf of Russia’s foreign spy agency.

The attack occurred on Wednesday, with the hackers gaining access to TeamViewer’s corporate IT environment. However, the company confirmed that neither its product environment nor customer data were compromised. The news follow a similar incident in March, where Alphabet’s Mandiant cyber unit caught the same group attempting to trick key German political figures with a phishing email.

The cyberattack has had immediate financial repercussions for TeamViewer. As of 1152 GMT, shares in the company had dropped by 10%, marking their worst trading day since November 2023. The incident underscores the persistent threat of cyberespionage faced by companies worldwide.

AI-generated Elon Musk hijacks Channel Seven’s YouTube

Channel Seven is currently investigating a significant breach on its YouTube channel, where unauthorised content featuring an AI-generated deepfake version of Elon Musk was streamed repeatedly. The incident on Thursday involved the channel being altered to mimic Tesla’s official presence. Viewers were exposed to a fabricated live stream where the AI-generated Musk promoted cryptocurrency investments via a QR code, claiming a potential doubling of assets.

During the stream, the fake Musk engaged with an audience, urging them to take advantage of the purported investment opportunity. The footage also featured a chat box from the fake Tesla page, displaying comments and links that further promoted the fraudulent scheme. The incident affected several other channels under Channel Seven’s umbrella, including 7 News and Spotlight, with all content subsequently deleted from these platforms.

A spokesperson from Channel Seven acknowledged the issue, confirming they are investigating alongside YouTube to resolve the situation swiftly. The network’s main YouTube page appeared inaccessible following the breach, prompting the investigation into how the security lapse occurred. The incident comes amidst broader challenges for Seven West Media, which recently announced significant job cuts as part of a cost-saving initiative led by its new CEO.

Why does it matter?

The breach underscores growing concerns over cybersecurity on social media platforms, particularly as unauthorised access to high-profile channels can disseminate misleading or harmful information. Channel Seven’s efforts to address the issue highlight the importance of robust digital security measures in safeguarding against such incidents in the future.

Russian hackers steal Microsoft and customer emails

Russian hackers breached Microsoft systems earlier this year, stealing emails from Microsoft staff and its customers, according to the tech giant. The disclosure highlights the extensive scope of the breach, adding to the regulatory scrutiny Microsoft faces over the security of its software and systems. The hackers, identified as the Midnight Blizzard threat actor, targeted cybersecurity researchers investigating Russian hacking activities.

Microsoft has been notifying affected customers, although the company has not disclosed the number of customers or emails impacted. Initially revealed in January as affecting a small percentage of corporate email accounts, the breach continued to pose threats for months, raising concerns among the security industry and prompting a Congressional hearing. In response, Microsoft President Brad Smith stated the company is working on overhauling its security practices.

Evolve Bank cyberattack exposes customer data and prompts US federal response

Arkansas-based Evolve Bank and Trust confirmed a cyberattack that led to customer data being leaked on the dark web. The cybercrime group Lockbit 3.0 claimed responsibility for the hack, demanding a ransom from the Federal Reserve. The bank has involved law enforcement in the investigation, providing free credit monitoring and identity theft protection to affected customers.

The breach follows a directive from the US Federal Reserve for Evolve to improve its risk management and compliance with anti-money laundering regulations. Additionally, Fintech company Mercury revealed that some of its customers’ account numbers and deposit balances were compromised, and those affected have been informed and given preventive measures.

Why does it matter?

The cyberattack on Evolve Bank exposed sensitive customer data to potential misuse, including identity theft and financial fraud. It highlights vulnerabilities in financial institutions’ cybersecurity defences, prompting data protection and regulatory compliance concerns.

New report unveils cyberespionage groups using ransomware for evasion and profit

A recent report from SentinelLabs and Recorded Future analysts contends that cyberespionage groups have increasingly turned to ransomware as a strategic tool to complicate attribution, divert attention from defenders, or as a secondary objective for financial gain alongside data theft.

The report specifically sheds light on the activities of ChamelGang, a suspected Chinese advanced persistent threat (APT) group that uses the CatB ransomware strain in attacks targeting prominent organisations globally.  Operating under aliases like CamoFei, ChamelGang has targeted mostly governmental bodies and critical infrastructure entities, operating mostly from 2021 to 2023.

Employing sophisticated tactics for initial access, reconnaissance, lateral movement, and data exfiltration, ChamelGang executed a notable attack in November 2022 on the Presidency of Brazil, compromising 192 computers. The group leveraged standard reconnaissance tools to map the network and identify critical systems before deploying CatB ransomware, leaving ransom notes with contact details and payment instructions on encrypted files. While initially attributed to TeslaCrypt, new evidence points to ChamelGang’s involvement.

In a separate incident, ChamelGang targeted the All India Institute Of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), disrupting healthcare services with CatB ransomware. Other suspected attacks on a government entity in East Asia and an aviation organisation in the Indian subcontinent share similarities in tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) and the use of custom malware like BeaconLoader. 

These intrusions have impacted 37 organisations, primarily in North America, with additional victims in South America and Europe. Moreover, analysis of past cyber incidents reveals connections to suspected Chinese and North Korean APTs. 

Why does it matter?

The integration of ransomware into cyberespionage operations offers strategic advantages, blurring the lines between APT and cybercriminal activities to obfuscate attribution and mask data collection efforts. The emergence of ChamelGang in ransomware incidents stresses adversaries’ evolving tactics to achieve their objectives while evading detection.

US Department of Justice charges Russian hacker in cyberattack plot against Ukraine

The US Department of Justice has charged a Russian individual for allegedly conspiring to sabotage Ukrainian government computer systems as part of a broader hacking scheme orchestrated by Russia in anticipation of its unlawful invasion of Ukraine.

In a statement released by US prosecutors in Maryland, it was disclosed that Amin Stigal, aged 22, stands accused of aiding in the establishment of servers used by Russian state-backed hackers to carry out destructive cyber assaults on Ukrainian government ministries in January 2022, a month preceding the Kremlin’s invasion of Ukraine.

The cyber campaign, dubbed ‘WhisperGate,’ employed wiper malware posing as ransomware to intentionally and irreversibly corrupt data on infected devices. Prosecutors asserted that the cyberattacks were orchestrated to instil fear across Ukrainian civil society regarding the security of their government’s systems.

The indictment notes that the Russian hackers pilfered substantial volumes of data during the cyber intrusions, encompassing citizens’ health records, criminal histories, and motor insurance information from Ukrainian government databases. Subsequently, the hackers purportedly advertised the stolen data for sale on prominent cybercrime platforms.

Stigal is moreover charged with assisting hackers affiliated with Russia’s military intelligence unit, the GRU, in targeting Ukraine’s allies, including the United States. US prosecutors highlighted that the Russian hackers repeatedly targeted an unspecified US government agency situated in Maryland between 2021 and 2022 before the invasion, granting jurisdiction to prosecutors in the district to pursue charges against Stigal.

In a subsequent development in October 2022, the same servers arranged by Stigal were reportedly employed by the Russian hackers to target the transportation sector of an undisclosed central European nation, which allegedly provided civilian and military aid to Ukraine post-invasion. The incident aligns with a cyberattack in Denmark during the same period, resulting in widespread disruptions and delays across the country’s railway network.

The US government has announced a $10 million reward for information leading to the apprehension of Stigal, who is currently evading authorities and believed to be in Russia. If convicted, Stigal could face a maximum sentence of five years in prison.