New Jersey has become one of several US states to criminalise the creation and distribution of deceptive AI-generated media, commonly known as deepfakes. Governor Phil Murphy signed the legislation on Wednesday, introducing civil and criminal penalties for those who produce or share such media.
If deepfakes are used to commit further crimes like harassment, they may now be treated as a third-degree offence, punishable by fines up to $30,000 or up to five years in prison.
The bill was inspired by a disturbing incident at a New Jersey school where students shared explicit AI-generated images of a classmate.
Governor Murphy had initially vetoed the legislation in March, calling for changes to reduce the risk of constitutional challenges. Lawmakers later amended the bill, which passed with overwhelming support in both chambers.
Instead of ignoring the threat posed by deepfakes, the law aims to deter their misuse while preserving legitimate applications of AI.
‘This legislation takes a proactive approach,’ said Representative Lou Greenwald, one of the bill’s sponsors. ‘We are safeguarding New Jersey residents and offering justice to victims of digital abuse.’
A growing number of US states are taking similar action, particularly around election integrity and online harassment. While 27 states now target AI-generated sexual content, others have introduced measures to limit political deepfakes.
States like Texas and Minnesota have banned deceptive political media outright, while Florida and Wisconsin require clear disclosures. New Jersey’s move reflects a broader push to keep pace with rapidly evolving technology and its impact on public trust and safety.
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