A groundbreaking study from the University of Toronto has demonstrated the existence of ‘negative time’ through advanced quantum experiments. While once dismissed as an illusion caused by light waves interacting with matter, researchers now argue it is a real and measurable phenomenon. The findings, though not yet peer-reviewed, have sparked global interest and scepticism.
Led by Daniela Angulo, the research focused on how photons interact with atoms, showing that the duration atoms remain in an excited state can be less than zero. Visualised as cars exiting a tunnel before they seemingly enter, the experiments suggest a counterintuitive quirk of quantum mechanics, challenging conventional perceptions of time but adhering to Einstein’s theories of relativity.
The study required over two years of meticulous work to fine-tune experimental conditions. Aephraim Steinberg, a quantum physics professor, emphasised that the results do not imply time travel or backward motion of particles but rather an intriguing aspect of how quantum particles behave.
Critics, including German physicist Sabine Hossenfelder, argue the concept is a descriptive tool rather than a revelation about time itself. Despite the controversy, the team stands by their findings, believing it provides a fresh lens to study quantum phenomena, even if practical applications remain distant.
As Germany prepares for national elections on February 23, political parties are outlining their tech policy priorities, including digitalisation, AI, and platform regulation. Here’s where the leading parties stand as they finalise their programs ahead of the vote.
The centre-right CDU, currently leading in polls with 33%, proposes creating a dedicated Digital Ministry to streamline responsibilities under the Ministry of Transport. The party envisions broader use of AI and cloud technology in German industry while simplifying citizen interactions with authorities through digital accounts.
Outgoing Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s SPD, polling at 15%, focuses on reducing dependence on US and Chinese tech platforms by promoting European alternatives. The party also prioritises faster digitalisation of public administration and equitable rules for regulating AI and digital platforms, echoing EU-wide goals of tech sovereignty and security.
The Greens, with 14% support, highlight the role of AI in reducing administrative workloads amid labour shortages. They stress the need for greater interoperability across IT systems and call for an open-source strategy to modernise Germany’s digital infrastructure, warning that the country lags behind EU digitalisation targets.
The far-right AfD, projected to secure 17%, opposes EU platform regulations like the Digital Services Act and seeks to reverse Germany’s adoption of the NetzDG law. The party argues these measures infringe on free speech and calls for transparency in funding non-state actors and NGOs involved in shaping public opinion.
The parties’ contrasting visions set the stage for significant debates on the future of technology policy in Germany.
Hyundai has dissolved its Semiconductor Strategy Office, signalling a strategic shift in its in-house chip ambitions. Established in 2022, the office was a key part of the company’s plans for autonomous vehicle technology but has now been integrated into other divisions, including the Advanced Vehicle Platform and procurement departments. Vice President Jae-Seok Chae, who led the office, also stepped down as part of the reorganisation.
The move reflects Hyundai’s effort to streamline operations and enhance synergy, though it marks a significant challenge for its plans to develop in-house autonomous driving chips. The company has relied heavily on Mobileye’s ADAS chips while facing competition from industry leaders such as Tesla, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm.
Reports suggest Hyundai is reassessing its semiconductor projects, with one major autonomous driving chip programme under review. Alternatives could include collaborating with AI firm Tenstorrent or outsourcing chip production to Samsung, potentially using the tech giant’s 5-nm-based SF5A process.
Hyundai’s reshuffle highlights the growing pressure on automakers to innovate in the autonomous vehicle market while managing cost and resource challenges. Future developments may determine whether the company continues in-house efforts or pivots entirely to external partnerships.
Japanese farmers are embracing AI technology to address the challenges posed by climate change and labour shortages in agriculture. Farmers like Hiroaki Asakura in Aichi Prefecture are turning to smartphone apps that use machine learning to forecast pest outbreaks, enabling timely pesticide application. These tools help farmers optimise crop protection and reduce chemical usage, a significant step forward in modern farming.
One such app, developed by Mirai Vegetable Garden, analyses over a million pest and weather records to provide accurate predictions. For Asakura, this meant spraying pesticides earlier than usual to prevent black rot in his broccoli fields, a decision informed by the app’s warnings of rising risks. The technology, supporting crops like strawberries and tomatoes, also allows farmers to share outbreak information with neighbours for broader community protection.
These AI solutions are gaining traction nationwide. Apps developed by companies like Nihon Nohyaku Co and NTT Data CCS Corp identify over 1,100 pest species from photographs, offering farmers swift diagnosis and advice. As changing climate patterns lead to unusual pest behaviours, these innovations are vital. Japanese farmers and officials alike note that AI can bridge the gap between traditional know-how and modern challenges, ensuring sustainable crop production in the face of global warming.
Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris has reopened five years after a devastating fire left the iconic landmark in ruins. Painstakingly restored to its original grandeur, the reconstruction relied on technologies, including lasers and 3D modelling, to recreate the historic structure.
The restoration effort was supported by data from art historian Andrew Tallon’s 2015 laser scans, which captured billions of precise points across the cathedral. These scans were combined with post-fire drone footage and modern technology to create a detailed 3D model that guided the process. Companies such as Autodesk and AGP donated their expertise to ensure accuracy.
The newly restored cathedral now includes updated features such as fire suppression systems, optimised lighting, and a modernised plaza, designed with the help of 3D visualisations. Experts believe these advancements set a precedent for using technology to preserve cultural heritage and assist in disaster recovery.
Looking ahead, the detailed 3D model will help maintain Notre Dame and safeguard its legacy for generations. This project serves as a testament to the power of innovation in protecting the world’s most treasured monuments.
Researchers have achieved a milestone in AI, teaching it to predict the complex aromas of whiskies and even identify their origins. The study, conducted in Germany, utilised AI to analyse the molecular makeup of 16 American and Scottish whiskies. It then predicted the five strongest aroma notes and distinguished between the two countries of origin with remarkable accuracy.
The AI surpassed human experts in consistency and precision, identifying aromas like menthol and citronellol for US whiskies and smoky, medicinal notes for Scotch. This innovation could ensure flavour consistency in whisky production, detect counterfeit goods, and even find applications in blending recycled materials to reduce odours.
While promising, the study was limited to a small selection of whiskies, raising questions about its performance on broader varieties or aged batches. Experts also noted that flavour perception depends on external factors, highlighting room for further exploration in this emotive domain. Nonetheless, this blend of technology and tradition signals a new step for the whisky industry.
Elon Musk’s AI company, xAI, has raised $6 billion in its latest funding round, doubling its total to $12 billion this year. The investment attracted high-profile backers such as Andreessen Horowitz, BlackRock, and Fidelity, with participation limited to existing investors. Reports suggest the company is now targeting a $50 billion valuation.
Founded last year, xAI released its flagship generative AI model, Grok, which powers features on X, formerly known as Twitter. Grok, known for its bold and unconventional responses, has integrated capabilities like image generation and news summarisation. The company has also launched APIs and a standalone app, aiming to compete with AI giants like OpenAI and Anthropic.
The company’s Memphis data centre, housing 100,000 Nvidia GPUs, is central to training the next generation of AI models. Plans are underway to double GPU capacity and secure additional power to support operations. However, these efforts have faced criticism over potential environmental impacts.
xAI envisions integrating its AI models with Musk’s other ventures, such as Tesla and SpaceX, sparking concerns among Tesla shareholders. Despite these challenges, xAI’s rapid growth positions it as a formidable contender in the expanding AI industry.
Venture funding in Europe may be headed for a flat year overall, but European AI startups are thriving, with AI companies receiving 25% of the region’s VC funding in 2024, totalling $13.7 billion. This marks a significant rise from 15% four years ago and has led to the creation of new unicorns like Poolside and Wayve. According to James Wise of Balderton Capital, breakthrough AI technology in Europe can now attract hundreds of millions, or even billions, of euros at the early stages, similar to the US.
The collective value of European AI companies has doubled in four years, reaching $508 billion, now making up nearly 15% of the region’s entire tech sector. While much of the funding still comes from outside Europe, especially the US, the local AI ecosystem is flourishing with a growing talent pool. In 2024, 349,000 people were employed by AI companies in Europe, a 168% increase since 2020, indicating a buoyant and increasingly productive sector.
Wise suggests that the rise of smaller, highly productive AI companies will be the future, with generative AI tools significantly boosting efficiency in various industries. This growing adoption of AI tools is likely to continue benefiting the European AI sector in the long run, even if the category becomes less distinct in the future.
Quantization, a technique widely used to improve AI efficiency, may have reached its limits, according to recent research. This method reduces the precision of data in AI models, making them faster and cheaper to operate. However, studies suggest that as models grow larger and are trained on vast datasets, quantization can degrade their performance.
Researchers from leading institutions found that highly trained models suffer more when quantised. For AI companies relying on massive models to enhance quality, this finding raises concerns about the long-term viability of cost-saving approaches. Quantization already impacts models like Meta’s Llama 3, which reportedly shows reduced performance compared to other AI systems.
Efforts to lower AI model costs continue as inference—using models to generate responses—remains the most significant expense for AI labs. Techniques like training in low precision and hardware supporting ultra-low bit precision are being explored. Yet, such strategies face diminishing returns and risks of quality loss if precision drops too far.
Experts believe a shift towards better data curation and filtering, alongside new architectures optimised for low-precision training, may offer solutions. These advancements could help balance efficiency and performance as AI evolves beyond traditional scaling methods.
Apple is closing in on a historic $4 trillion market valuation, driven by investor enthusiasm over its advancements in artificial intelligence and hopes for a surge in iPhone upgrades. Shares have surged 16% since November, adding $500 billion to its market cap, and positioning Apple ahead of rivals Nvidia and Microsoft in the race to this milestone. Analysts attribute the rally to expectations of a new “supercycle” in iPhone sales fueled by AI enhancements, despite modest revenue growth projections for the holiday season.
Apple’s integration of AI tools like OpenAI’s ChatGPT across its devices and apps marks a strategic pivot in a market long dominated by Microsoft, Alphabet, and Meta. Although iPhone demand remains muted, analysts forecast a rebound in 2025, as AI-powered features and broader availability drive renewed interest. Meanwhile, Apple’s premium valuation—its price-to-earnings ratio recently hit a three-year high of 33.5—has sparked mixed reactions among investors, with Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway scaling back its holdings.
Despite challenges such as geopolitical risks and fluctuating market conditions, Apple’s approach to this milestone underscores its enduring dominance in the tech sector. Analysts and investors remain optimistic about the company’s ability to navigate near-term hurdles and leverage AI innovation to maintain its leadership in a competitive landscape.
