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Perplexity launches AI browser to challenge Google Chrome

Perplexity AI, backed by Nvidia and other major investors, has launched Comet, an AI-driven web browser designed to rival Google Chrome.

The browser uses ‘agentic AI’ that performs tasks, makes decisions, and simplifies workflows in real time, offering users an intelligent alternative to traditional search and navigation.

Comet’s assistant can compare products, summarise articles, book meetings, and handle research queries through a single interface. Initially available to subscribers of Perplexity Max at US$200 per month, Comet will gradually roll out more broadly via invite during the summer.

The launch signals Perplexity’s move into the competitive browser space, where Chrome currently dominates with a 68 per cent global market share.

The company aims to challenge not only Google’s and Microsoft’s browsers but also compete with OpenAI, which recently introduced search to ChatGPT. Unlike many AI tools, Comet stores data locally and does not train on personal information, positioning itself as a privacy-first solution.

Still, Perplexity has faced criticism for using content from major media outlets without permission. In response, it launched a publisher partnership program to address concerns and build collaborative relationships with news organisations like Forbes and Dow Jones.

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X CEO Yaccarino resigns as AI controversy and Musk’s influence grow

Linda Yaccarino has stepped down as CEO of X, ending a turbulent two-year tenure marked by Musk’s controversial leadership and ongoing transformation of the social media company.

Her resignation came just one day after a backlash over offensive posts by Grok, the AI chatbot created by Musk’s xAI, which had been recently integrated into the platform.

Yaccarino, who was previously a top advertising executive at NBCUniversal, was brought on in 2023 to help stabilise the company following Musk’s $44bn acquisition.

In her farewell post, she cited efforts to improve user safety and rebuild advertiser trust, but did not provide a clear reason for her departure.

Analysts suggest growing tensions with Musk’s management style, particularly around AI moderation, may have prompted the move.

Her exit adds to the mounting challenges facing Musk’s empire.

Tesla is suffering from slumping sales and executive departures, while X remains under pressure from heavy debts and legal battles with advertisers.

Yaccarino had spearheaded ambitious initiatives, including payment partnerships with Visa and plans for an X-branded credit or debit card.

Despite these developments, X continues to face scrutiny for its rightward political shift and reliance on controversial AI tools.

Whether the company can fulfil Musk’s vision of becoming an ‘everything app’ without Yaccarino remains to be seen.

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Nvidia nears $4 trillion milestone as AI boom continues

Nvidia has made financial history by nearly reaching a $4 trillion market valuation, a milestone highlighting investor confidence in AI as a powerful economic force.

Shares briefly peaked at $164.42 before closing slightly lower at $162.88, just under the record threshold. The rise underscores Nvidia’s position as the leading supplier of AI chips amid soaring demand from major tech firms.

Led by CEO Jensen Huang, the company now holds a market value larger than the economies of Britain, France, or India.

Nvidia’s growth has helped lift the Nasdaq to new highs, aided in part by improved market sentiment following Donald Trump’s softened stance on tariffs.

However, trade barriers with China continue to pose risks, including export restrictions that cost Nvidia $4.5 billion in the first quarter of 2025.

Despite those challenges, Nvidia secured a major AI infrastructure deal in Saudi Arabia during Trump’s visit in May. Innovations such as the next-generation Blackwell GPUs and ‘real-time digital twins’ have helped maintain investor confidence.

The company’s stock has risen over 21% in 2025, far outpacing the Nasdaq’s 6.7% gain. Nvidia chips are also being used by the US administration as leverage in global tech diplomacy.

While competition from Chinese AI firms like DeepSeek briefly knocked $600 billion off Nvidia’s valuation, Huang views rivalry as essential to progress. With the growing demand for complex reasoning models and AI agents, Nvidia remains at the forefront.

Still, the fast pace of AI adoption raises concerns about job displacement, with firms like Ford and JPMorgan already reporting workforce impacts.

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xAI unveils Grok 4 with top benchmark scores

Elon Musk’s AI company, xAI, has launched its latest flagship model, Grok 4, alongside an ultra-premium $300 monthly plan named SuperGrok Heavy.

Grok 4, which competes with OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Gemini, can handle complex queries and interpret images. It is now integrated more deeply into the social media platform X, which Musk also owns.

Despite recent controversy, including antisemitic responses generated by Grok’s official X account, xAI focused on showcasing the model’s performance.

Musk claimed Grok 4 is ‘better than PhD level’ in all academic subjects and revealed a high-performing version called Grok 4 Heavy, which uses multiple AI agents to solve problems collaboratively.

The models scored strongly on benchmark exams, including a 25.4% score for Grok 4 on Humanity’s Last Exam, outperforming major rivals. With tools enabled, Grok 4 Heavy reached 44.4%, nearly doubling OpenAI’s and Google’s results.

It also achieved a leading score of 16.2% on the ARC-AGI-2 pattern recognition test, nearly double that of Claude Opus 4.

xAI is targeting developers through its API and enterprise partnerships while teasing upcoming tools: an AI coding model in August, a multi-modal agent in September, and video generation in October.

Yet the road ahead may be rocky, as the company works to overcome trust issues and position Grok as a serious rival in the AI arms race.

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AI fluency is the new office software skill

As tools like ChatGPT, Copilot, and other generative AI systems become embedded in daily workflows, employers increasingly prioritise a new skill: AI fluency.

Much like proficiency in office software became essential in the past, knowing how to collaborate effectively with AI is now a growing requirement across industries.

But interacting with AI isn’t always intuitive. Many users encounter generic or unhelpful responses from chatbots and assume the technology is limited. In reality, AI systems rely heavily on the context they are given, and that’s where users come in.

Rather than considering AI as a search engine, it helps to see it as a partner needing guidance. A vague prompt like ‘write a proposal’ is unlikely to produce meaningful results. A better approach provides background, direction, and clear expectations.

One practical framework is CATS: context, angle, task, and style.

Context sets the stage. It includes your role, the situation, the audience, and constraints. For example, ‘I’m a nonprofit director writing a grant proposal for an environmental education program in urban schools’ offers much more to work with than a general request.

Angle defines the perspective. You can ask the AI to act as a peer reviewer, a mentor, or even a sceptical audience member. The roles help shape the tone and focus of the response.

Task clarifies the action you want. Instead of asking for help with a presentation, try ‘Suggest three ways to improve my opening slide for an audience of small business owners.’

Style determines the format and tone. Whether you need a formal report, a friendly email, or an outline in bullet points, specifying the style helps the AI deliver a more relevant output.

Beyond prompts, users can also practice context engineering—managing the environment around the prompt. The method includes uploading relevant documents, building on previous chats, or setting parameters through instructions. The steps help tailor responses more closely to your needs.

Think of prompting as a conversation, not a one-shot command. If the initial response isn’t ideal, clarify, refine, or build on it. Ask follow-up questions, adjust your instructions, or extract functional elements to develop further in a new thread.

That said, it’s essential to stay critical. AI systems can mimic natural conversation, but don’t truly understand the information they provide. Human oversight remains crucial. Always verify outputs, especially in professional or high-stakes contexts.

Ultimately, AI tools are powerful collaborators—but only when paired with clear guidance and human judgment. Provide the correct input, and you’ll often find the output exceeds expectations.

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Privacy concerns rise over Gemini’s on‑device data access

From 7 July 2025, Google’s Gemini AI will default to accessing your WhatsApp, SMS and call apps, even without Gemini Apps Activity enabled, through an Android OS’ System Intelligence’ integration.

Google insists the assistant cannot read or summarise your WhatsApp messages; it only performs actions like sending replies and accessing notifications.

Integration occurs at the operating‑system level, granting Gemini enhanced control over third‑party apps, including reading and responding to notifications or handling media.

However, this has prompted criticism from privacy‑minded users, who view it as intrusive data access, even though Google maintains no off‑device content sharing.

Alarmed users quickly turned off the feature via Gemini’s in‑app settings or resorted to more advanced measures, like removing Gemini with ADB or turning off the Google app entirely.

The controversy highlights growing concerns over how deeply OS‑level AI tools can access personal data, blurring the lines between convenience and privacy.

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LG’s Exaone Path 2.0 uses AI to transform genetic testing

LG AI Research has introduced Exaone Path 2.0, an upgraded AI model designed to analyse pathology images for disease diagnosis, significantly reducing the time required for genetic testing.

The new model, unveiled Wednesday, can reportedly process pathology images in under a minute—a significant shift from conventional genetic testing methods that often take more than two weeks.

According to LG, the AI system offers enhanced accuracy in detecting genetic mutations and gene expression patterns by learning from detailed image patches and full-slide pathology data.

Developed by LG AI Research, a division of the LG Group, Exaone Path 2.0 is trained on over 10,000 whole-slide images (WSIs) and multiomics pairs, enabling it to integrate structural information with molecular biology insights. The company said it has achieved a 78.4 percent accuracy rate in predicting genetic mutations.

The model has also been tailored for specific applications in oncology, including lung and colorectal cancers, where it can help clinicians identify patient groups most likely to benefit from targeted therapies.

LG AI Research is collaborating with Professor Hwang Tae-hyun and his team at Vanderbilt University Medical Centre in the US to further its application in real-world clinical settings.

Their shared goal is to develop a multimodal medical AI platform that can support precision medicine directly within clinical environments.

Hwang, a key contributor to the US government’s Cancer Moonshot program and founder of the Molecular AI Initiative at Vanderbilt, emphasised that the aim is to create AI tools usable by clinicians in active medical practice, rather than limiting innovation to the lab.

In addition to oncology, LG AI Research plans to extend its multimodal AI initiatives into transplant rejection, immunology, and diabetes.

It is also collaborating with the Jackson Laboratory to support Alzheimer’s research and working with Professor Baek Min-kyung’s team at Seoul National University on next-generation protein structure prediction.

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Activision pulls game after PC hacking reports

Activision has removed Call of Duty: WWII from the Microsoft Store and PC Game Pass following reports that hackers exploited a serious vulnerability in the game. Only the PC versions from Microsoft’s platforms are affected, while the game remains accessible via Steam and consoles.

The decision came after several players reported their computers being hijacked during gameplay. Streamed footage showed remote code execution attacks, where malicious code was deployed through the game to seize control of victims’ devices.

AN outdated and insecure build of the game, which had previously been patched elsewhere, was uploaded to the Microsoft platforms. Activision has yet to restore access and continues to investigate the issue.

Call of Duty: WWII was only added to Game Pass in June. The vulnerability highlights the dangers of pushing old game builds without sufficient review, exposing users to significant cybersecurity risks.

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M&S urges UK firms to report cyberattacks

Marks & Spencer has called for a legal obligation requiring UK companies to report major cyberattacks to national authorities. Chairman Archie Norman told parliament that two serious cyberattacks on prominent firms in recent months had gone unreported.

He argued that underreporting leaves a significant gap in cybersecurity knowledge. It would not be excessive regulation to require companies to report material incidents to the National Cyber Security Centre.

The retailer was hit in April by what is believed to be a ransomware attack involving DragonForce, with links to the Scattered Spider hacking group.

The breach forced a seven-week suspension of online clothing orders, costing the business around £300 million in lost operating profit.

M&S had fortunately doubled its cyber insurance last year, though it may take 18 months to process the claim.

General counsel Nick Folland added that companies must be prepared to operate manually, using pen and paper, when systems go down.

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Over 2.3 million users hit by Chrome and Edge extension malware

A stealthy browser hijacking campaign has infected over 2.3 million users through Chrome and Edge extensions that appeared safe and even displayed Google’s verified badge.

According to cybersecurity researchers at Koi Security, the campaign, dubbed RedDirection, involves 18 malicious extensions offering legitimate features like emoji keyboards and VPN tools, while secretly tracking users and backdooring their browsers.

One of the most popular extensions — a colour picker developed by ‘Geco’ — continues to be available on the Chrome and Edge stores with thousands of positive reviews.

While it works as intended, the extension also hijacks sessions, records browsing activity, and sends data to a remote server controlled by attackers.

What makes the campaign more insidious is how the malware was delivered. The extensions began as clean, valuable tools, but malicious code was quietly added during later updates.

Due to how Google and Microsoft handle automatic updates, most users receive spyware without taking action or clicking anything.

Koi Security’s Idan Dardikman describes the campaign as one of the largest documented. Users are advised to uninstall any affected extensions, clear browser data, and monitor accounts for unusual activity.

Despite the serious breach, Google and Microsoft have not responded publicly.

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