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Absolutely, whatever we do, it should be for humans only. If we are doing something for businesses, ultimately these businesses are helping humans, which means we are benefiting citizens. And safety, inclusivity should remain and I think technology should be the way it should be, which is not visible. And we are saying AI again and again, we are not afraid of it. Some people say, or the job will go away or what is the risk? So we are using AI knowingly or unknowingly. If you look at any app, it has AI intervention. Now if there is any product at home, TV, fridge, eventually we are bringing AI there too. So technology is for everyone. and Manav is our co -founder.

Manav Gandotra, it’s a big coincidence for us.

Yes, Manav is your co -founder. But there is a big question that I want to ask all of this on behalf of the Indians. AI will not eliminate opportunity. It will redefine opportunity because there is a question that is being raised again and again. AI will come, jobs will go, mass exodus will happen in corporates. What do you think about it?

Sir, everyone is saying that AI is automating work. That’s why we think that jobs will go. What does it mean that if it is automating, our problems that we are solving with technology are getting solved quickly. So why don’t we think that we will solve problems with AI quickly? We will solve more problems. If they provide solutions for businesses, then those solutions will be made quickly, will be good, and those businesses will make more solutions so that they can give more benefit to enterprises. So, I think that the work will be done and maybe the business model will have to be changed. I think that the effort -based IT services in India…

What do you mean by the business model will have to be changed?

I think that the maximum IT services in India are rated per mandate, per hour. Rates are there, right? $20 per hour, $40 per hour. So, if I do the same work, if earlier 100 people used to work, now maybe 10 people will do it, even 2 people will do it, right? So, that business model… I am giving the same value. If my rate is fixed per mandate, then accordingly I will get less money as a company. But I am giving the same value for my client. Right? So, if you have to discuss this with them… I will provide you more value. Don’t give me per hour or per day basis pricing. We will do value based pricing. So what will happen with that?

Our clients will get more solutions, they will get more benefits, and eventually we will be able to make more money.

An interesting fact is that most of the AI models in the world work in English. But your AI model works in Indian languages. This is very very important for India. Because we have a lot of languages here. We have two languages in Bihar, three languages in UP, two languages in Tamil Nadu. How do you see this? Do you think this is very important to grow the Indian AI story? Indian languages are Indian languages. What’s your view?

Absolutely. In India, I think only 10 % of people know English. Or speak it. The other 90 % even Hindi, around 40 -45%. I think only 80 % know it. Hindi, India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India. India has more knowledge than India.

very great very very Now you see the person of Tamil Nadu the Prime Minister is speaking in Hindi, the person of Tamil Nadu wants to hear the person of Assam wants to hear, he is coming in their language the person of Gujarat wants to hear, he is coming in their language so this is a kind of convenience

Absolutely, when we met the Honorable Prime Minister in JIPA I was speaking in Hindi and when he was very delicate, what I was saying he was coming in Tamil and Bengali at the same time so we if we want to give benefit to everyone of technology and that is becoming a collective product I think that Bharat GPT is not ours, it belongs to the whole of India everyone has contributed by giving their language and voice so we are helping them back

Do you think AI will enable people to do their daily work and will it add convenience in their lives we all know that mobile when mobile phone came it was a communication machine today it is a convenience with all the apps and everything so this ai will also be a convenience in the next five years six years

i think it will happen in five six years i think it will happen from today if so many companies have come here i think you are all seeing which is better technology which is better platform i think you should be next session just about use cases now we have technology and talent so people are also ready to use ai products so from today i think people will have to start making daily use apps daily use products so that everyone will benefit

sovereign ai means we are not dependent on any other country prime minister modi was also talking about this again and again in such a situation sovereign ai is very important for us to understand that we have to make sure that we are not dependent on any other country prime minister modi was also talking about this again and again in such a situation sovereign about this again and again in such a situation sovereign ai means we are not dependent on any other country prime minister modi was also talking about this again and again in such a situation about this again and again in such a situation sovereign ai means we are not dependent on any other ai means we are not dependent on any other country prime minister modi was also talking about this again and again in such a situation sovereign ai means we are not dependent on any other country prime minister modi was also talking about this again and again in such a situation Why did you make this issue so big?

Everyone is talking about sovereign AI. We

Absolutely. And let me tell you the truth. We would be better without investing that much money.

Okay. Why do you think so? Why do you think so?

What raw material is needed for AI?

Data.

Yes. Data. And right now, we are producing data. Even audiences are producing data. You produce content in your channel. Not just you speaking and creating content. The people who are listening, they are also creating content. With the virtue of this beautiful number of people, a population of 1 .4, 1 .5 billion, we are all producing data. But just living life. So, we have this much data. So, will it make a model? It will create a platform. And we Indians are very aspirational. We want to grow fast. We want to use every technology. Now if there are foreign apps, most of the users are in India. So it means if we create a platform app, then it will be used in India too.

So what direction do you see the AI story of India going in? And in the next two years, where do you see it standing? What is your view? Be very very rational.

First of all, I think the whole world, the AI has to be adopted. Let’s be the users of AI. Enough of the platform. Tell the platform that where is this solving real world problem? If we solve the real world problem with AI, in the whole world, I think India will have a huge contribution to create real world AI. I think India will have a huge contribution to create real world applications with AI. I think India will have a huge contribution to create real world applications with AI. The AI applications we make, the products we make, will of course be used in India. I think India will be considered a hub for AI solutions. If someone wants AI solutions all over the world, I think India would be the preferred choice in the next few months.

Right now in Delhi, all the CEO heads of big tech companies are here. Do you think AI Summit has been successful?

Yes, absolutely. When I was coming here, a foreigner was telling me that he has attended many summits in the US and UK. But he has never seen a better summit than this. This is big, big, quite big. Absolutely. We are the leaders of India. We are the leaders of India. So, we meet daily. AI Minister of UK is here. We met him. AI Minister of Canada is here. We met him. AI Minister of France is here. AI Ministries are here. They all are here. So, I think now India is a focal point.

So, there should be an AI Ministry in India too.

I think it should be soon. I think there are ministers, Ashniv Ashton sir. We should add one more role to them. We should add one more role. They already have a lot of roles.

But, in the next 3 -5 years, what are the main targets for India to become the first AI country? What’s your view on this?

I think whatever is there, first, energy. Our brain is very useful. It only runs on 20 watts. But, the GPU doesn’t run on 20 watts. It runs on 1000 watts. So, any AI model, to run this model, we need to have a lot of people. Infra and energy are needed. Honorable Prime Minister’s vision is working well. It is visible but it is working well. In energy, infrastructure, compute, as you saw in the DIA mission how many GPUs are coming. And after that, foundational models have also been launched. Applications are also being launched. So these are 4 -5 things. Talent, I think there should be a sector for AI skilling. I think they are also doing it in the education department or MSME.

So all the other factors that are important for AI I think are being focused in India.

Please answer this question a bit critically. What would you say about the AI policy of the Government of India? What do you think? They are on right track. They are on the right track but they should make this change. What is your take on this? And be critical on this. Your government should give advice. Sir, may I

ask I don’t think there is any country in the world whose government has given its citizens… In India’s context. Yes, first I am saying that no country has given its technologists, innovators, entrepreneurs free GPUs. And on top of that, GPUs were given, then money was given to make models. And opening up doors for us to adopt our application. I think that what we, entrepreneurs and techies, want, the government is already giving. And I think they are thinking ahead. I mean, whatever policy they launch, I think I was thinking this. I haven’t articulated it yet. If I haven’t articulated it yet, if the government hasn’t given a request, they launch it before that. They are ahead.

Indian government is already ahead. Indian government is already ahead. This is a

politically correct answer. I told them to give advice. You are saying they are doing everything right. Okay, I will

give advice. Now stop scolding us. Okay. Okay. You fund them who use our applications. Okay. That’s a

good one. That’s a good one. That’s a very, very good one. If India is successful in making sovereign AI, will India get a lot of benefit in the long term? Absolutely. If

sovereign AI comes to India, we’ll have the control. We’ll get the benefit. But see it as a business model angle. We can provide sovereign AI to other countries as well. And that work has started. We’re making our own sovereign AI for ourselves. We’re making it for others as well. We’re making it for others as well. Okay. We’ve

come to the end of the conversation. So let’s do a rapid fire round. Quickly. A few questions. Which country has the most AI users in the world? India. India.

India?

Which city do you think will be the AI capital? We have IT capital. Which city will be

AI capital? I think

it will be Bangalore. I can be biased. Bangalore. You are saying Bangalore. Okay. Now,

a personal question. Durandhar film or cricket match? Neither. Neither? So, even after AI, which

job will not end? Any job. Any job. One word. Which will not end? Yes. I think it will be founders. Founders. Wow. Wow. Yes. AI. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. So who will control AI in the world after 50 years? I think the fear is that AI will not

control but we will control. I believe that AI was created

by human intelligence. So that’s why human intelligence will control. Well said. After AI

comes,

whose job will be easier? Doctor’s or engineer’s? What do

you think?

The engineer will be biased because

he is making it himself. Yes, he

will be biased because he is making it himself. Last question. What do you want to say about

Bharat GPT? Do you think that the time has come for Bharat GPT? Absolutely. I am saying that it is not ours, it is of the whole country. All the

data in it is of the whole country. All the languages that have contributed to it are

of the whole country. We have not given any money to

anyone to procure data. So it is… Now we are doing it free. If he is in a hugging phase… so all of us can use it freely. What would you like to

say to the critics? Sir, we don’t have time to think about them. We don’t have time. We don’t have time to think about them. You don’t want to waste your time? Yeah. One line, what will be one line? For them? Yes. I am saying that start making yourself a fool. Okay, that’s a good one. A big round of applause. Thank you so much. Thank you so much. You came here

and spoke for yourself. Thank you. Pleasure talking to

you. Thank you so much. Thank you. Amish ji, thank you very much. And thank you for

keeping my words. You actually bombarded him.

Thank you, Director Kratzios. Thank you for the opportunity to return to this stage and to mark this important occasion in U .S.-India relations. Yesterday, at the opening session, I shared some thoughts on this profound moment with AI. I said we are on the cusp of an era of hyper -progress and new discoveries, but the best outcomes are not guaranteed. We must work together to ensure the benefits of AI are available to everyone and everywhere. The U .S.-India partnership has a critical role to play. Google is proud to serve as a connection point between them, both figuratively and literally. More on this later. We have teams across both countries working seamlessly together on some of our most important initiatives.

Thank you. Innovations that start in India, like Google Pay. are making products better for people all over the world. I believe India is going to have an extraordinary trajectory with AI, and we are supporting with a full -stack commitment, including products, scaling, and infrastructure. First, products. We are working on building AI products and solutions for Indian consumers and businesses. To empower India’s incredible developer community, we have already contributed 22 Gemma models to AI Coach, and we are working closely with the government to bring AI applications with real -world impact, be it through delivering timely monsoon forecasts to farmers, helping healthcare workers screen for diseases like diabetic retinopathy, or making information and services accessible in more languages.

Our commitment extends to reimagining the products people use every day. As one example, AI is changing the way people use search. Indian users are amongst the highest adopters of voice and visual search globally. Our scan detection features with circle to search and lens are used in India more than anywhere else. The Gemini app is growing rapidly across the world, and it’s available in 10 languages spoken in India. And YouTube supports a vibrant ecosystem of Indian content creators sharing music, arts, and culture with the world. Second, skilling. Through the AI skill house, we are working to equip 10 million future Indian leaders with the tools to drive global progress. We are also partnering with Badwani AI to reach students and early career professionals with a Google AI certificate, which we announced earlier this week.

Third, infrastructure. Last year, we announced a $15 billion investment in Indian infrastructure with the AI Hub in Vizag at the center. This hub will house gigawatt -scale computing. When finished, it will bring jobs and the benefits of cutting -edge AI to people and businesses across India. Building on this, we recently announced the India -America Connect Initiative, which will deliver new subsea cable routes to connect the U .S., India, and multiple locations across the Southern Hemisphere. Combined with our existing cable systems, this initiative will significantly expand the digital trade routes and serve as a literal bridge between our two countries. Of course, none of this would be possible without stable supply chains built on a foundation of shared trust.

Products, subsea cables, AI hubs are all dependent on a complex flow of goods and components across borders. Axilica focuses on making sure that the supply chains are safe and secure and encourages greater commercial partnerships across key technologies. So let me congratulate the U .S. and India on this historic moment. Alongside the recent trade agreement, this will lay a strong foundation for a robust U .S.-India tech

Thank you so much, Mr. Sundar Pichai, for all those motivating and inspiring words. And ladies and gentlemen, today marks an important milestone as India formally joins Pax Silica, a forward -looking partnership aimed at strengthening secure and resilient technology ecosystems at a time when emerging technologies are reshaping global competitiveness and economic security. Trusted partnerships are essential. This declaration reflects a shared commitment by India and the United States to advance responsible innovation and resilient infrastructure. We are honored to have with us senior leadership from both the governments, alongside distinguished representatives from industry and also the diplomatic community. Without any further ado, may I now respectfully invite our distinguished dignitaries to please join us on stage. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in extending a warm welcome as they make their way to the stage.

It’s an honor to have such distinguished leadership this morning, Excellencies. Thank you so much for joining us. We’ll proceed with brief remarks ahead of the signing ceremony. May I please invite Honorable Jacob Helberg, Undersecretary of State for Economic Affairs, the United States, to deliver his remarks. Thank you. I request Honourable Jacob Helberg, Under -Secretary of State for Economic Affairs, to please present his address. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome. Ladies and gentlemen, we would like to wait for a couple of minutes for Under -Secretary Mr. Jacob Helberg. He is on his way and he would be here with us very soon. It’s an important occasion, especially when we talk of Pax Silica. It’s a historic agreement between the two governments, between the two biggest and the oldest democracies of the world.

And so we are here to listen to our distinguished guests as they present their views, their remarks on Pax Silica. This is one agreement which would change the way both the countries work in this particular domain. Ladies and gentlemen, we have distinguished speakers who are going to join us. And then a very, very important signing agreement procedure, the protocols that need to be followed. We are also going to have a photo op session after this. Ladies and gentlemen, in the meantime, may I please request Mr. Sanjay Mehrotra, the CEO of Micron, to kindly come on the stage and present his keynote address. Mr. Sanjay Mehrotra.

Good morning. On behalf of Micron Technology, I want to say we are super excited to be here participating in this phenomenal AI Summit. Micron is a semiconductor technology leader, leader in memory and storage. Memory and storage are critical to driving AI. As contextual processing becomes larger and as real -time demands on performance are placed on AI systems, they need more and more memory. I’m very proud to say that Micron is the only company in the Western Hemisphere that develops and manufactures memory and storage, and we have had successive generations of leadership in DRAM technology as well as NAND technology. But I’m also very proud today, later, with this PAC -SILICA initiative that will be signed here, bringing the technology collaboration closer between U .S.

and India. Micron, since 2019, has had large presence here in India with R &D centers in Bangalore, in Hyderabad, employing nearly 4 ,000 employees today. What I’m proud of is that Micron has 60 ,000 patents worldwide, one of the most innovative companies, but also a manufacturing powerhouse. Some of our most advanced DRAM products are being designed right here in India in collaboration with our teams in the U .S. In fact, we have now, in this short period since 2019, we now have 300 inventors with number of patents approaching nearly 2 ,000 that have been contributed by the innovative, phenomenal team here in India. Very proud. We are proud also of Micron’s investment in bringing advanced packaging, assembly, and test technologies here to Sanant, Gujarat.

In fact, Mitron is making an investment of $2 .75 billion here in Gujarat. We’ll talk more about it in the fireside chat a little bit later. And those investments now are going to be bringing a grand opening coming up soon where packaging and assembly will be done of advanced memory wafers produced worldwide. So this is a pioneering project here in India. The size of this facility that has been built is 500 ,000 square feet. So imagine that clean room is the size of 10 cricket fields. The amount of steel that has been used in that is about three and a half times of Eiffel Tower. The amount of concrete that is used in that is size of 100 Olympic -sized swimming pools.

This is the pioneering project of semiconductor manufacturing here in India, and Micron is proud to have partnered with the central government as well as the government in Gujarat bringing this project to Sanand. Modi Ji’s government has provided tremendous support and really policy that encourages investment here in India. So without further ado, having shared some of the importance of memory and storage in terms of driving AI infrastructure worldwide and importance of Micron here in India in R &D as well as in manufacturing, I would now like to pass it back to our host. Our host here in continuing with the regularly scheduled program. Thank you very much.

Thank you so much, Mr. Mehrotra. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me now in inviting Honorable Mr. Jacob Helberg, Undersecretary of State for Economic Affairs, to deliver his remarks.

Good morning. It’s a profound honor to be here in Delhi at the India AI Impact Forum to mark a historic milestone in the partnership between the United States and India. Today, we sign the Pax Silica Declaration, a document that’s not merely an agreement on paper, but a roadmap for a shared future. There’s a line from antiquity attributed to Alexander the Great that famously said that the people of India are the ones who are the most important people in the world. The peoples of Asia were slaves because they had not yet learned to pronounce the word no. Alexander viewed himself as a conqueror speaking to a world of subjects, and after traveling 11 ,000 miles for eight years, it was in India that Alexander finally met his match and turned around.

He did not know India, and India said no. The truth is, both of our nations were forged by that very word. Both of our nations claimed their freedom by learning to say no. We are the people who looked at a king oceans away and refused to quietly acquiesce. We rejected the counsel of polite society and broke centuries of colonial rule to take our destiny into our own hands. That spirit of defiance, that insistence on self -determination, is the fire that burns at the heart of both of our democracies, and today we are called upon to summon that spirit once again. For too long, we have allowed the foundation of our democracy and the foundations of our economic security to drip.

We find ourselves grappling with a global supply chain that is massively over -concentrated. We watch as our friends and allies face daily threats of economic coercion and blackmail, forced to choose between their sovereignty and their prosperity. We have seen the lights of a great Indian city extinguished by a keystroke from across the border, and we’ve seen our friends denied essential minerals simply because a leader dared to speak her mind. So today, as we sign the Pax Silica Declaration, we say no to weaponized dependency, and we say no to blackmail, and together we say that economic security is national security. But we must be precise about what that word means. There are some who use words like global governance and sovereignty in the same breath, just like Orwell used.

There are some who use freedom and slavery interchangeably. America and India are not deceived. sovereignty does not come from a global bureaucracy. It comes from builders, from the very builders present in this room today. It comes from the builders of smelters and oil wells, airplanes and expressways. And it comes from the hardworking people who physically build the rails of the future. And through the joint statement that we’re signing today, the United States and India are affirming our embrace of a pro -innovation approach to AI against those who would constrain us to set us back. But our fundamental mission is not resistance, it’s renewal. We are forging a supply chain that is the foundation for prosperity.

We are building a new architecture that diffuses intelligence, placing the awesome power of AI into the palm of our people’s hands and unleashing a wave of unprecedented possibility. From the minds to the models, we are securing the foundation, the full stack of the future, the minerals deep in the earth. the silicon wafers in our labs and fabs, and the intelligence that will unleash human potential. Packed Silica is our declaration that the future belongs to those who build. And when free people join forces, we do not wait for the future to be given to us. We build it ourselves. I want to end by thanking my good friend and colleague, Ambassador Sergio Gore. Sergio and his leadership has been the bridge for this very moment.

His work to bring our nations closer together is a testament to the vital importance that the United States places on this friendship. Sergio, thank you

for your service and your energy. Will you please all join me in giving Ambassador Gore a very warm welcome? Thank you. Good morning. Namaste. It is great to be here with you all. Thank you, Jacob. I want to just say a quick word about Jacob. Jacob’s an incredible friend, but Jacob also cares deeply about this relationship. This initiative, Pax Silica, would not be happening if it’s not for Jacob Helleberg. So a round of applause to him. What an honor to stand before all of you here today here in New Delhi at this historic moment as we welcome India into Pax Silica. Just over a month ago, I arrived in this extraordinary nation as the U .S.

ambassador. In my first weeks, I’ve walked the halls of South Block, met with innovators in Bangalore, and broke bread with entrepreneurs who are building the future. What struck me most was the fact that I was able to be here today. It wasn’t just India’s scale, although that is breathtaking. It’s India’s resolve, the determination to chart your own course. I keep talking about the limitless potential between our two nations, and I truly mean it. From the trade deal, to Pax Silica, to defense cooperation, the potential for our two nations to work together is truly limitless. And I aim to fulfill that over the next three years that I’m here. Earlier this month, we concluded the Interim Trade Agreement, a deal that shapes the economic contours of the Indo -Pacific.

We overcame friction points that had held us back for far too long. That agreement wasn’t just about trade flows or tariff schedules. It was about two great democracies saying we will build together, not just buy from one another. And now today, we take the next step. India joins Pax Silica, the coalition that will define the 21st century economic and technological order. I’m delighted to welcome Jacob. Jacob here. I’m also delighted to welcome the OSTP Director, Michael Kratios, who’s the head of our delegation at this very important summit. The U .S. leads in a strategic coalition which is designed to secure an entire silicon stack. From the mines we extract critical minerals, to the fabs where we manufacture chips, to the data centers where we deploy frontier AI.

It’s a coalition of capabilities that replaces coercive dependencies with a positive sum alliance of trusted industrial bases. Pax Silica will be a group of nations that believe technology should empower free people and free markets. India’s entry into Pax Silica isn’t just symbolic, it’s strategic, it’s essential. India is a nation with deep talent, deep enough. To rival challengers. India’s engineering depth offers critical capabilities for this vital coalition. In addition to talent, India has made important strides towards critical mineral processing capacity, and that’s something that we’re fully engaged on also. Policies that will reinforce U .S.-India tech cooperation will power AI innovation and adoption for years to come. We can share trusted AI technology with the world and especially with partners like India.

And critically, India brings strength. Peace doesn’t come from hoping adversaries will play fair. We all know they won’t. Peace comes through strength. India understands this. India understands strong borders. India understands this part of the world. That strength, that sovereignty, is exactly what Pax Silica amplifies. Because here’s the truth. Strength multiplies when it’s connected. When Minister Vaishnav and Minister Jay Shankar traveled to Washington, in recent weeks, they came as partners, forging the future. Their discussions on critical minerals were about interdependency among strong actors, about building supply chains that will not be held hostage. America is building coalitions of the capable and the willing. We’re ensuring the technologies that will define the next century. AI, space, and advanced semiconductors are developed, deployed, and controlled by free nations.

And we’re doing it in a partnership with the world’s largest democracy, a nation of 1 .4 billion people that share our values and our vision. We welcome India joining to co -found the future. Pax Silica is about whether free societies will control the commanding heights of the global economy. It’s about whether innovation happens in Bengaluru and Silicon Valley or in surveillance states. They use technology to monitor. And control their

Thank you, His Excellency Ambassador Sajagore, for re -strengthening and highlighting the enduring ties between our two nations and also for the shared vision that underpins today’s milestone. May I now request Honourable Minister Sri Ashwini Vaishnav to address the August gathering. Siemens,

all the design EDA tools, students have available. Counting. Not able to count more than 20 in the whole world. India has 315. This capability we have to develop. This scale we have to develop. And in the world India today is seen as a trusted country. India is a trusted country. And that’s because our Prime Minister Narendra Modi ji has conducted the foreign policy in a way where the trust and respect the respect of a 5000 year old civilization that gravitas that India’s civilization’s stability that stability that world believes in. That gravitas that world believes in. And that’s why India has trust. Because of that trust today that trust is becoming part of the tax silica. I welcome you all and especially those who worked on the US side.

My biggest gratitude to all the three honorable guests from the US for taking out time to be part of this Paxillica signing. And I’ll now request the Paxillica signing ceremony to be done. Thank you, friends. Bharat Mata Ki. Bharat Mata Ki. Thank you. Thank you. S -T -P -U -S.

Ladies and gentlemen, and now the Pax Silica Declaration is being signed between India and the United States of America. The Pax Silica Declaration is being signed by Honorable Undersecretary Jacob Helberg, His Excellency Ambassador Sergio Gore, and the Secretary, Mr. S. Krishnan. And now Once the declaration has been signed by the respected signatories, the declaration will be exchanged. I request the distinguished guests to kindly hold up the signed declaration for the official photograph. I request the distinguished guests to kindly hold up the signed declaration for the official photograph. I request our distinguished guests to kindly proceed to the photo point on the right of the stage in front of the flags for the official photograph We are going to have an official photograph So may I please request our distinguished guests to kindly proceed to the point in front of the flags on your right that will give us the right picture for this photo So once again we are going to have this photo I would like to now also request CEO of Micron, Mr.

Sanjay Mehrotra and Mr. Randhir Thakur, CEO of Tata Electronics to please join us for a photo op on the stage. I also invite CEO of General Catalyst to come on the stage, please. I thank our distinguished guests for that photo op. It’s a great moment when Pax Silica Declaration has been signed between India and the United States of America. The photo op to commemorate this special moment. This is another historical milestone between the relationship between India and the United States of America. I thank all our distinguished guests for this photo op. I thank Honorable Minister and Mr. Michael Kratios for being with us on this wonderful and historic occasion. Ladies and gentlemen, we are waiting for the furniture to be rearranged and very soon we will now continue with the Fireside Conversation.

Ladies and gentlemen, now we would proceed to the Fireside Conversation. I invite our distinguished guests to please join us for this conversation. Undersecretary Jacob Helberg is going to moderate this discussion. His Excellency Sajiv Garb, Secretary Krishnan, Mr. Sanjay Mehrotra, CEO Mike Krohn, and Mr. Sanjay Mehrotra, CEO Mike Krohn. Dr. Randhir Thakur, CEO Tata Electronics. I request our distinguished guests to please take your seats as we begin the Fireside Conversation. Please stand by for the Fireside Conversation.

Let me begin by first of all congratulating our Honorable Prime Minister on his vision and leadership in centering this country’s growth agenda around artificial intelligence. I must also compliment the India AI team for executing so flawlessly on the Prime Minister’s vision and bringing us all together at this seminal forum. The summit could not have come a day too soon. As for myself, I am not here to talk about the technology of AI. Enough debate has happened on that and I do not want to add to the debate on whether we are ready. Whether we are ready and whether that whole debate of good versus evil. We do a lot of that in our entertainment stories.

But I personally am a big believer in the power of harnessing emerging technologies to transform societies, businesses, and lives of people. Over three decades as a media professional, I have had a ringside view of technology’s transformative impact, starting with the introduction of the first personal computer in newsrooms and the launch of India’s first end -to -end digital news platform, Aajitak. At every stage since, technology has allowed the businesses I have been involved with to operate with speed, agility, and efficiency that fundamentally changed our relationship with audiences. At each of these inflection points, these businesses have been at the forefront of adopting and introducing innovations to Indian people. This has helped all stakeholders. It is exactly because of this adoption of cutting -edge technologies that India has been A late entrant to the world of technology has been a key part of the development of media and entertainment has rapidly become one of the most exciting media markets globally.

The transformation has truly been extraordinary. Within the span of just about a quarter century or so, we have gone from an industry valued at just a few billion dollars to the fifth largest media and entertainment market in the world. We are valued with our economic contribution going to over 30 billion dollars. We have transitioned from one sleepy broadcaster at the turn of the century to about 900 channels across dozens of languages. Our consumer universe has expanded from about 70 million households to more than 210 million television households and over 800 million video viewers. And the content itself has evolved beyond recognition. From a few tentative experiments in family drama to a vast, diverse, multilingual, ecosystem serving the most heterogeneous consumer universe in the world.

In this process, we have built an ecosystem that has fired the aspirations and ambitions of the whole country. The aspirations of a generation of Indians, what they wanted to become and what they thought was possible, have been shaped as much by what they watched as by what they were taught. While the social impact gives me immense satisfaction, the economic and business impact is equally compelling. At Geostar alone, we have invested over $10 billion in content over the past three years, and that will continue to be the case going forward, if anything. Every major global media enterprise is competing fiercely for the Indian viewers’ attention. Those who are not here are not here simply because they could not crack this complex market.

So the key question… The key question is what can AI do for the… Indian media industry that we are already not doing? To answer that, we need to zoom out and look at the broader landscape a little bit. Despite our remarkable domestic progress, India has not yet broken through as a global content powerhouse. We still produce and consume domestically. Compare this to countries with far smaller population, less cultural diversity, and less formidable technological capabilities that despite those, they have managed to capture the global imagination. A small country like South Korea gave the world squid games and Parasite. Puerto Rico, an island of 3 million people, just gave the world the most streamed artist on the planet, performing entirely in Spanish, headlining the Super Bowl halftime show, but gravitating.

Grabbing global attention. These cultures dared to imagine that their stories and their languages could command a global stage, and they succeeded. This is precisely the mindset that the Honourable Prime Minister called for in his rallying cry at Waves last year. Create in India, create for the world. It’s a dream many of us in the media industry have always nourished, but so far it’s just remained a dream. So why have we not been able to break out of the domestic bounds and achieve a larger mindshare and market share globally? In my view, first and foremost, our big domestic market itself has been a distraction. We can get easily satisfied as long as we are getting attention and business in India.

But our ability to translate our abundant ambition into reality has also been constrained by a few structural factors. Chief among them being the capital constraints. An inability to attract global talent and a target audience largely confined to the domestic audience. The numbers make these constraints stark. The average Hollywood studio production commands a budget of 65 to 100 million dollars. A major tent pole runs up to anything, anything up to 300 or 350 million dollars. The average Indian film, 3 to 5 million dollars. And this is equally true of television production. A single episode of a marquee series in Hollywood can cost up to 20 to 30 million dollars. We can only afford to spend a fraction of that. Because, one, we have the constraint, but two, we are not able to get the capital because our primary market of monetization still remains India.

And as a result, it’s become a spiral and we just cannot compete globally in that race. And this financial ceiling has been set. And this has created a paradox of talent as well. India has some of the finest creative and technical talent anywhere in the world. We have created cutting -edge technology and production capabilities in areas such as VFX that power the world’s biggest productions. But these are all deployed to support Western productions. Our own producers and directors who have the quality and the ambition cannot afford these services because our monetization universe is much more smaller and limited. So when both capital and talent are constrained, the horizon of our content narrows with them. Our films, our television, our music have been made primarily for consumers within the country, or at best, for the diaspora overseas.

There have been some exceptions, but they have been made. There have been just exceptions, not a pattern. The result is a peculiar chicken -and -an -egg problem. Limited capital, much of which owes to our status as a developing economy, and a primarily domestic audience constrain our global competitiveness. That lack of competitiveness in turn hinders our ability to attract the capital that would close the gap. This is not to lament what we have achieved. We have done remarkably well with the limitations and challenges that we had, but the opportunity at hand is much larger, much bigger. AI provides India a once -in -a -generation opportunity to become the creative capital of the world. Not just the back office for the world’s content, but the front office, the producer and deliverer of content globally, the leader, the standard bearer.

Because our business is built on human creativity, the media and entertainment sector is said to be the biggest beneficiary of the AI. This is a catalyst that fundamentally rewires three core pillars on which our entire industry is built. Content, consumer and commerce. On content, for decades, the limitations of infrastructure have been a constraint on the business of media and entertainment. Today, that barrier is coming down rapidly. AI -powered production is not just reducing costs, it is unlocking an unprecedented capacity to produce more and offer more. At Geostar, we recently produced the Mahabharata Ek Dharmayu, the 100 -episode live -action series, which is exhibited right here at the GeoPavilion. We achieved the visual scale and emotional depth of a global production three to five times faster than a traditional pipeline.

The economic efficiencies were significant, too. What this tells me is that the old barriers are vanishing. The only binding constraints that are left are imagination and creativity. And a landscape where imagination determines the winner. And a landscape where imagination determines the winner. India’s formidable cultural depth and inherent DNA for storytelling and entrepreneurship has become our most powerful competitive assets. Our agenda at Geostar is clear, to harness these attributes and position ourselves as the world’s leading foundry for stories and creativity. For consumers, we have an opportunity to retire a model that has been one -directional for a century. We produce, they receive. AI shatters that monologue. It allows us to create experiences that audiences have never had before.

We are opening a new frontier in the viewer relationship, conversational discovery, interactive storytelling, and regionalization that goes beyond simply dubbing the capture, the authentic texture of India’s distinct markets. And finally, commerce. Since the first newspapers, this industry has operated with exactly two monetization models, advertising and subscription. These are two incredibly broad. These are two incredibly blunt levers for a market of 800 million viewers with wildly different economic realities. AI makes genuine consumer segmentation a reality. It enables dynamic pricing and packaging that actually reflect how people live, how they consume, what they consume, and what they can afford. It unlocks entirely new categories of value we haven’t even begun to imagine in the media and entertainment sector.

Taken together, the disruption across the three pillars of content, consumer, and commerce form the very engine of the orange economy that the Honorable Prime Minister talks about. The global media market is nearly $3 trillion today, heading to $3 .5 trillion by 2029. India’s share is currently less than 2%. AI offers us the potential to explore our share in this pie. Even a modest shift in our share of global revenue from 2 % to 4 % or 5 % would represent tens of billions of dollars in new value creation and can be transformational for a large segment of our people. But opportunity and outcome are not the same thing. We need all stakeholders pulling in the same direction. To seize the moment, we need three commitments from everyone.

in this country and in this room. First, disrupt ourselves or be disrupted. I’ve seen this movie before. When we introduced digital newsrooms, senior editors resisted. When streaming arrived, traditional broadcasters looked the other way. The pattern is almost always the same. Incumbents defend the fortress until the walls come down and they are buried under it. We cannot afford the same mistake. Right now, we have an advantage the West does not. The freedom to move. The lack of baggage. Hollywood is approaching AI defensively, paralyzed by legal battles and locked in protectionist reflexes. The incumbents are conflicted and held back by the legacy value that they have accumulated. Luckily, we don’t have such liabilities. We can design the revenue models that actually work for everyone.

The writers, the actors, the technicians, and the producers. This does not have to be a zero -sum game. It is a larger pie and everybody, you must share it. fairly and squarely. We can set the global precedent, but only if we lead with ambition rather than anxiety. Secondly, India must become the global hotbed for AI -native creative talent. The most valuable person in tomorrow’s media industry is not a pure technologist, not a traditional artist. It is a blend of both. Someone who can conceive a world -class story and command the AI tools to bring it to life. We have the deepest creative traditions and the sharpest engineering minds. The task now is to fuse them seamlessly through a relentless focus on skilling and upskilling at scale so that the world looks at India for this exact kind of talent.

And finally, policy must be an accelerator. In this early stage of our growth and ambition, it should not become a break. Our creators do not need a roadmap handed to them. They simply need the obstacles removed. because these are early days. The guardrails we set now will have a massive multiplier effect on our competitiveness in future. As we shape these frameworks, we must resist the temptation to import Western regulatory construct wholesale. Look at China. It’s been very clear -eyed about this. They identified exactly what they needed to outpace the West and build their regulatory approach around that goal. Our frameworks must also reflect our unique ambitions and opportunities. We are sitting in Bharat Mandapam at the first global AI summit hosted in the global south.

This is significant in a way that goes far beyond symbolism. For too long, the intersection of technology and media has been dominated by a handful of countries and companies. The tools were always made elsewhere. The platforms were built elsewhere. The rules were written elsewhere. AI changes that equation forever. Everybody is starting at the same place. as far as application to this sector is concerned. When the barriers across the entire value chain collapse, the advantage may shift decisively. It moves away from those with deepest pockets and towards those with deepest wells of entrepreneurship, creativity, and adoption to technology. And no country on earth is better positioned for that shift than India. The question before us today is not whether India can become the global media powerhouse of the AI age.

It is whether we will move fast enough to claim that position that actually rightfully belongs to us. I believe we will. The energy and the ambition of this country always gives me hope. The stories have always been here. Now the scale of our market and the power of our technology have finally aligned, and the race has just begun. This technology is the ultimate leveler. Let us not just participate in this new era. Let us shape and lead this. Thank you very much. Thank you.

India AI Impact Summit. And thank you to India for your leadership in bringing together the global AI community following the successful summits in the United Kingdom, Korea, and France. The OECD is proud to work with you and support policymakers, people, and businesses all around the world in harnessing the benefits of AI. And we do so with our unique data, evidence -based analysis, and policy guidance, aiming to promote responsible innovation and adoption while managing the potential risks along the way. In yesterday’s discussions, we heard about the wide -reaching potential impacts of AI development on our economies and societies. And of course, they continue to evolve as adoption accelerates and new applications are introduced. But one thing is clear.

These impacts are already a transforming and will become more transformative going forward. At the OECD, we estimate that with a strong level of adoption, AI could boost labor productivity by up to one percentage point every year across OECD and G20 countries over the next decade. Greater efficiency, lower costs, higher living standards, and the opportunities are also reflected in the scale of investment in AI infrastructure with almost three quarters of a trillion dollars in investment planned by big tech companies this year alone. Amid the rapid technological change and the massive investment flows, effective public policy is essential to allow AI to reach its full potential. Indeed, the foundational technologies that made this technological revolution possible were very much shaped and supported by public policy, from internet connectivity to semiconductor, supply chains, and everything in between.

Today, the OECD helps policymakers develop pro -innovation, pro -adoption, and pro -safety AI policies, drawing on the lessons of these previous interventions, sharing experiences at the cutting edge of AI policy, and identifying policy best practice. First, the OECD helps policymakers understand how AI technologies and business models are evolving and who the key players are in the AI ecosystem. We are tracking the global distribution of public AI compute capacity to help countries design their industrial strategies and assess opportunities to enhance AI supply chain security. We are also tracking global AI investment, with our analysis released earlier this week showing that 61 % of all venture capital investment worldwide, or $259 billion US, now goes to AI firms, which is up from just 30 % three years ago.

We are tracking the global distribution of public AI compute capacity to help countries Firms in the United States attract the largest share of venture capital by a wide margin, comprising 75 % of global I .I. venture capital deal value. Our analysis is also helping policymakers keep up with the latest technological developments. Our new report on the Argentic I .I. landscape, published last week, highlights that half of developers in recent surveys plan to use I .I. agents in their work, while identifying the need for progress on security, privacy and accuracy of I .I. agents to support further adoption. Second, we help policymakers track and classify I .I.-related risks. Our data on I .I. incidents shows that between 2022 and 2025, in just three years, the number of I .I.

incidents and hazards reported by the media increased dramatically, from 92 to 324 per month on average. The OECD common framework for reporting IA incidents helps promote global consistency and interoperability in IA incident reporting. And thirdly, we help policymakers benchmark their IA policies relative to their peers and international standards. Just yesterday, we released the OECD IA Index, which provides policymakers with an evidence -based tool to assess their progress in implementing the OECD recommendation on IA. We will also launch an interactive toolkit this year, which will feature a repository of good practices from around the world to support evidence -based peer learning. Fourth, we help governments coordinate their efforts internationally. Our integrated global partnership on IA was designed to promote the responsible development and use of artificial intelligence grounded in the OECD’s landmarks.

Thank you. G -PI, the G -PI Council, which we meet later this morning, to officially welcome our two newest members, Malta and Saudi Arabia, bringing G -PI’s membership to 46 countries across six continents. Beyond governments, we also provide analysis and recommendations to support II adoption of companies. The reporting framework for the Hiroshima II Process Code of Conduct launched at the OECD II Action Summit in Paris last year promotes transparency and accountability for responsible II innovation. We’re now updating that framework to support adoption by small and medium -sized enterprises. And yesterday, we published the OECD due diligence guidance for responsible II, which supports companies around the world in navigating a growing landscape of rules, regulations, and voluntary frameworks.

And we support people by providing recommendations for governments, business, labor, and other stakeholders to work together and to ensure everyone has the best possible opportunity to participate in and benefit from AI technologies. While AI adoption offers many exciting opportunities, it also carries the risk of job displacement for some. We estimate that taking the effects of AI into account, about 27 % of employment is in occupations that are at the highest risk of automation. It will be particularly important to ensure access to training opportunities for those who need the most. And on that front, our analysis shows that among adults with low literacy skills, only 23 % participate in relevant AI training, compared with 61 % of adults with higher literacy skills.

To improve participation in AI training among adults, learning needs to be more flexible, modular, and targeted to individual circumstances and job experiences. For this summit, together with the International Labour Organization, we have developed the Equitable AI. AI Transitions Playbook. which provides examples of policies to update skills frameworks as well as initiatives to upskill and reskill workers for an equitable II transition in closing to fully harness the enormous benefit and benefits and opportunities flowing from II while mitigating and managing some of the associated risks and disruptions we need to ensure governments industry labor and experts work together to support responsible adoption the OECD will continue to support this cooperation guided by our II principles so that II

Thank you so much, Secretary General of OECD. These remarks, we’re very grateful for your remarks. For the next panel on data sovereignty, we have Mr. Sunil Gupta, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Yota Data Services. We have Nisubo Ongama, COO, Kala Sonia Vaigando, Founders Associate, Kala Limited. We have Ms. Seema Ambasta, Chief Executive Officer, L &T, Vioma. And this session is being moderated by Mr. Orgo Sengupta, Founder and Research Director, WIDI Center for Legal Policy. May I request all the dignitaries to come up on stage, please.

So I’d like to welcome you on behalf of the India mission and the India AI impact summit 2026. Your leadership is exemplary and we’ve been honored to have you here. So I would like to invite you to the to the dais to deliver a keynote session on technology -led governance and harnessing the power of AI in the state’s growth. Thank you. you

Good afternoon, friends. My pleasure to address this event because of some of the best of minds from all over the world have come together at the Artificial Intelligence Summit in India. I congratulate the Government of India, Honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Ashwini Vaishnavi Minister for Electronics and IT for making this Across human history, great ideas, discoveries and inventions have changed our lives. Discoveries of fire, wheels and agriculture, changed our lives. Ideas like democracy, rule of law, universal voting rights and reservations changed our lives. Technology like electricity, aeroplane, vaccines and internet changed our lives. In the past, inventions added to human physical strength and innovation. After industrial revolution, our bodies never matched machines. We cannot fly like a plane, swim like a ship, or run at the speed of motorcycle or car.

Today, we are witnessing the rise of our greatest invention, that is AI. Artificial intelligence has made a GPU chip more intelligent than humans. It can write poetry and reports, make films and presentations, and it knows almost everything. These days, people say on social media that humans are not the most intelligent anymore. AI is more intelligent. AI also has agency, power to decide. An aeroplane can fly only if it has the power to decide. We tell it. A car will move or stop only if we tell it. AI can order to itself. Combined AI and robotics Machines have both physical and mental capabilities. In this context is important when we set an agenda for the future and AI race has already begun.

We see leadership of a few countries, companies and people. India missed the industrial revolution and the manufacturing revolution. We played a role in services revolution, especially software and telecom. But even in software, we created services but not global products. Google search, Google maps, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and WhatsApp. We Indians use them. We Indians worked in these companies, but we don’t own them. We did not create them. There are two ways any country can influence a global trend. Use or produce. With AI, we have to both produce and use. India must become a leader in all layers of AI. Chips, green energy, data storage, platforms, applications and services. We must create a roadmap to ensure real leadership in top three layers.

Secondly, India must create a war room with center and states to monitor and respond to AI developments. Thank you. An AI war room for India is crucial. because development in AI can be very quick. Hyderabad can build an AI war room for India with support of the government of India. We need to establish an AI university of global standards with top facilities focusing on original research. We have seen many controversies in this event. Fourthly, to lead an AI revolution, we have to manufacture GPU chips. We have to become part of the entire supply chain. We must get rare minerals. Fifth, we have to put a system to estimate job losses because of AI. India cannot delay this anymore.

We have to invest massively We have to invest in the future. We have to invest in the future. We have to invest in the future. in reskilling of people who lose their jobs. India needs an AI fund for start -ups so our youth can work on all areas of AI and aim to become unicorns. Telangana can establish an AI start -up village for entire country with support of government of India. We need more AI summits. Not once a year, but every six months. Different cities can host them, like Hyderabad. I request Honourable Prime Minister Sri Narendra Modi ji to establish a national AI council, like GST Council or NITI IO. We need an AI ministry both at centre and state level.

to help make laws to prevent misuse of AI, especially against national security and interests. We need to use AI strongly for achievements of social justice, inclusion and removal of poverty. Finally, I invite you to Telangana for discussions, for partnerships. I welcome global and national institutions to work in my state in AI. Thank you. Jai Bharat. Jai Telangana.

Thank you, sir. Thank you very much. On behalf of the organizers, I would like to invite you to some of our more interesting sessions. Thank you for the insightful speech. And we are all inspired by the work which is being done in Telangana under your leadership. Thank you very much. Please, audience please, a big round of applause for Shri A. Nivant Reddy, the Honourable Chief Minister of Telangana.

Where do we see a talent gap? What is the requirement in terms of growing this whole ecosystem? Because when we come and we talk about today, it is the era, this is the most exciting time in the industry because AI is transforming everything. AI is transforming the way the businesses are being conducted. AI is transforming the whole workforce also because it’s not about what you are able to do, but it’s about co -exist with the whole AI ecosystem together. So my name is Sibodh and I’m director of SGPA headquarters. I’ve been part of the industry, I’ve been part of the government for almost 27 years. And being in the space of technology, being in the space of working closely within the startup ecosystem, within the academias, there’s always a gap in opportunity which we have witnessed.

And that’s why this particular topic today is very, very close to my heart in terms of how we ensure the industry move forward, how do we ensure that the AI as a technology can bring transformative changes overall. so I am happy that today you know very briefly today’s discussion will align very closely with the national efforts I am sure all of you when you talk about the NDIAI overall theme some of you have witnessed already that there is a lot of activity around the skilling, there is already 10 lakh AI skill in drive which has been initiated there is already a skill India digital program happening this is a new version of skill India altogether within STPI we have focused on you know a program called STPI skill up and I am happy to in fact announce also here that we are going to soon start the multiple regional hubs for training and ensuring that the training across technologies can happen and we have been joined by a lot of our training partners, the current training partner ecosystem is around 18 training partners across India and two of them in fact are here today with us and three of them are here with us and as we move forward, we’ll add more such training partners and collaborators.

We are calling them partners and collaborators because the aim and the objective is all aligned within the ecosystem of skilling up, right? The SIPI skill up becomes that particular program. Let me introduce our speakers. I’m not taking much time. So it’s my privilege to introduce my first speaker, Professor Dr. Alok Pandey, a professor and dean of UP Jindal University, a very senior academic leader with almost three decades of experience, focus across finance, governance, higher education, and I think multiple implementation within the financial technology space. He also comes with a great perspective on the AI. So let me request Professor Dr. Alok Pandey to come on stage and take the space. Please welcome Professor Pandey with a big round of applause.

A limited audience, but ensure that your applause covers the whole hall also. I’ll also like to introduce and welcome Professor Dr. Jawar Singh Professor Dr. Jawar Singh is also a professor from the Indian Institute of Technology Patna, he is also founder of Kuturna Labs and just we were chatting and he has just briefly told about his successful exit so he is not just the professor who is teaching but he is also practicing the same in the form of his own ideas implementation so we are literally and I am sure we are proud to have you Dr. Jawar Singh please welcome you on the dais let me also introduce Dr. Devinder Singh Deputy Director General of TEC this is the Department of Telecommunications in India Dr.

Devinder Singh has spent multiple years in the standards formalization standards ecosystem because you understand the telecom space especially is governed by the standards and these standards are very critical because unless and until because the interoperable ecosystem can only work if each and every device each and every node can be standardized and has to be standardized right So, Dr. Devendra Singh, Sri Devendra Singh represents the government from the Postal Telecom. So, let me welcome with a warm applause from the audience, Dr. Sri Devendra Singh on the dais, please. I’m also honored to join by Dr. Sarabjot. Dr. Sarabjot Singh Anand, he’s a co -founder and chief data scientist of TATRAS, also the co -founder of Sabath Foundation.

I have known, you know, Sarabjot Singh from almost, if I’m not wrong, seven, eight years now. And I’ve seen his passion in the space of AI. It’s not about just what he wants to achieve through his, you know, TATRAS data, but also about how, you know, and I think his work in the space of growing AI talent is well recognized in probably in some regions, especially in the region of Punjab, right? So, Dr. Sarabjot, thank you for being here. I request and welcome you on the dais of pioneer data science. A big round of applause for him. He has also roots in academia at Warwick and Ulcer. He has a very global perspective in this particular space altogether.

Let me introduce our next two speakers or two panelists on this agenda today. Vikas Srivastava, he’s a chief growth strategist of Vincis IT Services Private Limited. Vincis is one of our technology training collaborator and partner of STPI Scalar program. Vikas has almost 16 plus years in enterprise consulting, cloud workforce upskilling. And I think Vikas has a great perspective to share in terms of what is really reskilling requirement today within the whole ecosystem of the AI workforce. So, with a big round of applause, please welcome Vikash Srivastava. last but not the least let us also give a warm welcome to Kunal Gupta managing director of Mount Talent Consulting you know he has been doing talent advisory he runs his own job search portal he understands he works very closely with industry and has a clear perspective what is the industry requirement and where is the gap so with a round of applause Kunal welcome on the dais as well thank you for everyone and let me you know let me probably switch my place as well so it will be easier for us to start the whole discussion hello yes so I think let me quickly start and I will probably start from my immediate left Dr.

Sarabjot you know when we talk about next gen AI AI you And when we talk about next -gen AI as a space, next -gen AI as the whole, from the talent perspective, from the opportunity perspective, what is your perspective? Briefly, we’ll touch upon each one of you on the defining next -gen AI so that the audience understands very clearly what does next -gen AI really means. So over to you.

So to me, there are two camps here, right? One is the people who want to generate the next wave of AI, and then, of course, they’re the ones that have to use AI to be more efficient in their jobs. Now, for both of them, I think what is very, very important is that they have to be critical thinkers more than any technology as such, because there is, you know, a great move towards outsourcing your thinking to AI, and that’s a problem. We need to recognize that AI is not perfect. We need to recognize that there are certain deficiencies in it. and therefore we have to question what we get from that AI. And if we can get people who can critically think about the problem they are trying to solve and then take risks, I think risk -taking is going to be another very, very important aspect and having a foundational understanding of what is possible today with AI and what is not possible today with AI.

Because if we don’t recognize the deficiencies and start to regard AI as an oracle that always tells us the truth, we are going to get into trouble. So these are very, very important aspects apart from of course technology. Thank you.

To Devender Singh, your perspective on the next -gen AI technology in a very brief.

Hello. Next -gen AI, I feel he should have a strong expertise in AI and he should have skills to solve the real -world problems also. And he should adapt to new technologies also. He should be able to work in research. He should be able to work in different sectors also. And above all, I feel he should be aware of the regulations. Thank you. in the sector and in AI also. Thank you.

Thank you. Yes.

Yeah, hello. So to me, actually, the NextGen AI should not only the AI, NextGen should be aware of the AI algorithms, but basically they can make products or solution with customer facing. And they should understand not only the algorithms, but the way those algorithms are mapped onto the hardware. To me, a grounding, solid grounding of hardware, solid grounding of computer science, or even the engineering domain is must, actually. Thank you.

Yes. Professor Alok, sorry for my mistake in pronouncing your name wrong. Yes.

Thank you. I think the next gen AI is largely a T -shaped thing. You need to be domain specialists, deep domain specialists. You need to be fluent in AI skills, whatever software, hardware, etc. you are looking at. And then you should be able to understand red teaming and containment. So, if you have these three, then probably we will be able to solve most of the problems we face in India today.

Please, Kunal.

I think your question is very important. What do I understand or what do we understand with next gen AI? You know, next gen AI is the infrastructure. It’s not for intelligence like you currently have this infrastructure wherein we are able to express our views and they go out to the world. you know next generation of AI is like this infrastructure meant to multiply our intelligence our reasoning our research our values our creativity our judgments and what the future holds for us you know we are going to see a new wave of new materials and for a very long time we haven’t seen any major materials coming apart from the basic alloys that we have been using the process changes which are going to come about in the next generation with the use of the next generation AI the generation of models you know we talk about many things about differentiation in the society from a digital divide to this new edge AI divide but it could also at the same time help us reach out to the inclusive society in general with vernacular languages you know multiplying and extrapolating the reach of what a common normal common man can do earlier they were dependent on languages like English you but with the expansion of the next -gen AI platforms, tools, local vernacular languages wherein you can speak and give instructions to the computer in Hindi, in your local languages, get access to data, knowledge.

Like I said, you know, you could just build anything. We have seen this with a tool called TikTok, you know, a tool about 10 -12 years back which started. And it created a wave of influencers, otherwise a language or a platform meant only for the English and the literate. You know, went on to the masses. So I think next -gen AI, like I said, is just in one word an infrastructure of intelligence, multiplying our ability to think and, you know, make judgments in the future as well. Thank you.

Very well said. It is the infrastructure level intelligence which can be, which has to be created and which defines the next -gen AI. And carrying forward the same thought, I’ll ask Vikas to share his opening remarks on the next -gen AI.

Thank you. So I think most of the important aspect has on you. I think we’ve covered the panel. What I wanted to add is for me, the next -gen talent combines three important things. First is technical mastery. Second is ethical judgment. And third is real -world problem -solving capabilities. So we need people who understand, as I said, you know, we should know, the people should know where AI fits and where AI doesn’t, right? So I think this is the most important thing which I wanted to add. Thank you.

I think for the audience, it is important to understand that when we talk about next -gen AI and we talk about next -gen AI talent and the next -gen AI talent gap, right, there is, we got a clear perspective right from a critical thinking, right, going to the level of not just the, you know, opening up the layers of the AI, but from the perspective that one has to start thinking about the new ways and new layers in which the AI technology is having an impact. But there’s materials which, you know, Whether it is you know the infrastructure intelligence again which we talked about. Whether it is a foundational knowledge and foundational you know algorithm which we talked about.

The next gen AI talent gaps exist everywhere. And accordingly you know I think I will ask Sarabhjotji now to probably talk something on specifically. You know from your perspective of both as TATRAS and Sabud Foundation. You have seen the whole AI evolution. And you have seen the gaps which have been there. And you have tried to fill the gaps already. So my question to you is you know when you talk about the evaluative you know evaluation of the fresh AI talent. How do you what is your approach? Because that approach will lead us you know in terms of ensuring that you know how will this whole space will grow up right. So you are opening Ramon on that here.

Sure thank you. So you know when we look at talent today. What we assess is their problem solving skills. We look at. you know how keen are they on learning themselves so have they taken control of their own agency in learning in the future because what’s happening today and I’ve seen this over the years right a lot of students are very focused because they want to get a job they are focused on learning libraries you know even in 2018 when we started Sabudha Foundation because we found there was a huge gap in AI skilling here in India we found that till we got them to program a neural network they felt they weren’t doing anything right and now of course it’s LLMs everybody wants to learn lang chain and that’s about it but they have to understand the foundations the foundations if they are weak we are going to do interesting things but are not going to do amazing things and so the focus has to be on building a strong foundation increasing their curiosity in terms of what they are doing and getting them to think about how they can be creative in the solutions that they are engineering for their customers.

Now, in Tataras, we work with startups in the US and develop their AI for them. Now, to do that, somebody mentioned domain being very important. And what we are constantly training our folks to say is understand the problem from the customer’s perspective. Right? It’s not just about algorithms. When you create a solution, a successful solution is going to be one that solves the problem. It doesn’t matter what technology you use. And that is a key differentiation between the training that we provide and what is available otherwise in terms of just skilling on libraries. Right.

Thank you. And I think, you know, for all the people outside sitting here, the most important part, I think, as Sarojotji said, and probably any one of you can add also, whenever you feel like, you know, curiosity is one part. Right? Because curiosity to our human mind. adds that element of learning and when the curiosity is there there comes a creativity and once you have this curiosity combined with creativity then only you can understand the customer problem if I am not wrong you can understand the customer ecosystem it’s just about the customer ecosystem from the perspective where you make money but when you talk about social impact because social impact even the people who are getting benefited from the technology they might not be directly paying you but you are creating great amount of social equivalence outside there so it becomes important from their perspective and when we combine these three and we map that with the AI which is such a powerful language right now in terms of technology I think the solutions which you see outside are just a few examples of what really can wonders can be created when you know you bring these three elements together right so I think in similar lines you know I will ask Dr.

Devinder Singhji because he comes from his background on the whole telecom space right and today we talk about native AI telecom infrastructure. When you talk about native AI, they not be just AI ready, but they need to also bring in AI in their own operations. When I say AI readiness, it’s all about the scale, the kind of compute, kind of technology, kind of infrastructure they need to create. But how do they approach from a standards perspective when you see? When you see from the standards perspective, because you see future. You are looking into 6G as a standards. What is the role of an AI in terms of standard creation? And what is the role in terms of technology when standards are getting defined?

So from that angle, your thoughts are on the same.

The present telecom engineers, they are very strong in networking. But the future network that the 6G would be coming, it will be more dependent on the AI. The present technology, 5G, is in that case the AI is add on that. But in 6G, each and every component has got AI inbuilt in that only. So at present, the planning is done in a static way. Components are selected and then the effect is seen. But in 6G, it will be self -learning type of thing. So the engineers would be required to know machine learning. And the present cases, whenever there is some fault and alarm is generated, an engineer is supposed to take corrective action. But in 6G, it would be happening, AI will predict what kind of fault can come and it will take corrective action on its own.

And at present, most of the decisions are taken at the central level only. But in 6G, the intelligence will be distributed at the edge also. So the decision will be taken at a distributed level. So the engineer must be able to, plan everything. Thank you. in considering that the distributed decision will be taken. So in that case, as far as the standards are concerned, standards for 6G are being finalized. They are not final, but it is already decided that each and every component will be having AI. In addition to that, you were talking about the standards. Since in TEC, in the telecom engineering center, we have already published some standards on AI. So the telecom engineers should also be aware of the standards which they are supposed to follow for implementing of an AI.

At present, the telecom engineers are using AI, but in future, the telecom engineers will design and operate and use it. Most of the decisions will be taken by AI. The human will only supervise only. Thank you.

Thank you. I think when we talk about telecom space, I think two or three critical things, which probably, you know, is of interest to the audience, as Devendraji talked about, you know, we talk about the AI, agentic AI and the agentic AI in taking care of the operations part. And I think from a skill perspective, it is important that when you look into the agentic AI ecosystem, you need to go deeper into the particular technology or particular sector, because each industry gives its new challenges and problem even for agentic AI ecosystem, right. And when you talk about the infrastructure readiness, right, it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think I’ll come back to you on the on the perspective of how is telecom sector creating robustness.

Right. And I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector is one of the sector and I think it is important that today, the whole telecom sector Next, I think I’ll touch upon again, you know, I think to Professor Jawar, you know, when you look into the layer of the hardware and below, right?

Because when we talk about the AI and we talk about six layers as has been spoken about across the spectrum, the most promising and most important layer is also about not just applications, but also about the hardware, which is powering up the whole AI, you know, the need and speed

All right. So, I mean, this is quite interesting because very rarely people talk about how those algorithms runs, how those AI models runs actually. So honestly, if I say these models are very expensive, expensive in terms of not cost, but in terms of power, I will say. And cost is obviously associated with it actually. So, if I say a simple, if I take a simple example, the power requirement of if I take a very basic NVIDIA processor, it consumes around 500 to 700 watt. But if I say the same processor, I mean, not, I mean, our human brain is also having a very beautiful processor. I can say it can compute a lot and it just consumes 20 watt power.

So, you can see there is a huge gap between. The processing capabilities, the most instead of the processors that we have and the. most cognitive processes that we all have is there is a lots of gap actually so the gap need to be bridged so there are lots of research is going on in this domain we usually call the neuromorphic computing or brain inspired computing where these algorithms can be mapped at the hardware in a efficient manner another example i can give you the deep seek when it comes and when it first time pops up or surfaced in the market actually the nvidia’s stocks i mean slumped down quite severely and the reason was that their processor was quite efficient actually that was the only thing so people think okay we may do the same thing in a more efficient way so there is a we need people basically they not only think from the algorithm perspective but they also think from the hardware perspective hardware security also i will add here one more term hardware security because the ai can be weaponized and can also be used for neutralization purpose.

So the hardware play a very crucial role. Algorithms are okay. So we need people basically they understand not from the algorithm but all the way down to the hardware implementation. How your implementation is secure, trusted and the reliable. So I hope No, thank you. Thank you.

You touched upon the element of the security and I think when AI comes into play, the cyber just not the security elements of the algorithms but also the important thing which has popped up is the biasness and the robustness and the fairness of the algorithms. So I am sure some of you will talk about that as a gap from a talent perspective and how do we skill and reskill the people who can be used for this particular filling the layers across the layers they can be probably be more coming into the ecosystem. So with that I think I will ask Dr. Alok. when you look into from a university academia perspective today we talk about population scale AI implementation and I think when we talk about population scale AI implementation it is not about the whole critical thinking and the thinking part also need to be changed and hence academia needs to be geared up to create that kind of curiosity and learning from the perspective of students so what is your take from the industry and academia when you see a gap.

How are you gearing up your students from a perspective of scale of AI perspective and from that particular element?

We have large contracts. Say I have to do an M &A valuation, an M &A due diligence. And, you know, competition commission has asked me whether I should go for this merger acquisition or not. I am a lawyer. How do I do it? I can use a generative AI software for that. I can do money laundering prevention, not just spam prevention like, it’s very effective spam prevention by, you know, Airtel and all. But I can do money laundering calculations and identify which transactions work in which manner through a generative AI. So we need to develop products in these lines. The second thing I would say that safety and security of these products. How are we going to look at, you know, the safe usage?

Now, there’s a term which has come up. You know, this is called a coming wave. Mustafa Suleiman has written a book, The Coming Wave, and everybody uses. This is the coming wave. And the wave is going to drown all of us if safety and security is not there. Every young person who uses AI needs to understand what is red teaming and what is containment. I should kill my technology if it doesn’t work in my favor. Right. And finally, domain integration. So AI healthcare, AI law, AI education, AI finance. So all these levels basically need to be understood by educational institutions. If you ask me another question that how do we scale it up, then I’ll of course later speak on that.

But I’ll tell you that we need to really work out an infrastructure. We need to work out on academic strength. We need to have large number of trained faculty members. We need to have MOUs with Western countries. All companies are based in either China or Europe or America. And the universities are generating a lot of trained resources. And Indian universities need to move forward in that direction. So I basically feel that yes, there is a huge gap today. And we need to really answer these gaps through not just viable funding from government, but also from industry.

I tend to. Partly agree in terms of, you know. the length and the breadth of the AI ecosystem has changed dramatically everywhere but you know when we look into the Indian talent right and I strongly believe because I have been in this industry for very long now and kind of you know energy we are seeing in this particular 10 arenas hall and probably the conferences happening other side there is a huge talent which has popped up now and they are generating very good solutions and today India from a solution producer perspective they are not just doing something at the application layer or the agentic layer but they are also looking into the foundational layer and that’s why we have saw the launch of the recent LLMs also right and when we look into let’s say the launch of the Sarvam LLM or other LLMs it’s very clear people are trying to see there is a lot of data available in our country and this data needs to be understood and as I think as you talked about if you take just one particular sector called law and justice right and there is one start one company here Lex Leges and I was interacting with them yesterday they have understood this problem they have created their LLM on particular you know not the large language model but they have approached this problem with the same mentality of LLM right and hence they have been able to ensure exactly what you are describing as a problem you know how do you create a solutions for that and it works on Indian data it works on the Indian contract laws it works on the Indian you know past judgments so that is the need of our now you as an entrepreneur if you have entrepreneurial mindset as from a perspective of audience sitting here or as somebody who wants to get into this particular as a workforce you need to clearly have the idea about each in every domain whether it is health as you talked about or whether it is law and justice has its own set of challenges and problems right and when there are challenges and problems with right skill and right talent you can actually approach and be very successful and we see this as a you know leapfrog moment for each one of you From the industry perspective also So taking that thought forward I’ll ask Kunal Kunal you have been talking about Skill gaps Especially working with students and working professionals From your platform perspective Whatever you are seeing From your own job portal and job placements perspective What is your take again In terms of most commonly seen The certain abilities Which is required Which probably should be seen by each one of them In a short term What are the skills they need to fill in Whether it is Learning to coexist With the LLMs outside there Whether it is Learning to do the coding Whether in the AGI As Professor Alok talked about Or creating new Machine learning algorithms What do you see as a typical problem In a short term Where talent has to be ready for that

I think I see the problem threefold when it comes to skill gap, specifically in a dynamic country like India, wherein we are living across many generations across the country. You know, a generation which is far ahead in the future, a generation which is far behind in terms of development, capability and education as well. The biggest skill gap that I see right now is the application. And more importantly, how do we define a problem? You know, what we do is we have this mentality out of whatever ecosystem that we have built, we just start copying others in terms of this is the trend, so we need to go for this trend without really understanding how to define the problem first.

Define the problem is about 50 % of the solution achieved in itself. Define the problem in any sphere that the person is in. You know, like Dr. Saab said about different usage in different fields, whether it is healthcare, whether it is… whether it is law, whether it is… is agriculture for that matter, which is catering to such a huge population in our country. Who would have thought of hydroproning, you know, producing such huge results without the application of soil, no dependency on weather, and you can create your own environment for creating absolutely green vegetation, you know, in the best of atmosphere without germs and without the usage of application of pesticides as well. So coming back to your question, skill gap again is going to be defined sector specific.

Different sectors are going to have different specific gaps at different specific application levels. When it comes to industry, again, what is the solution that I am providing or we are providing as a company, you know, our aim is to develop an employability intelligence layer. You know, how do we define skill gap, basis, what kind of jobs are coming from the market, basis, the jobs, what is the current skill set of the candidates, we have a scientific gap analysis in terms of what is missing. it’s not that we have a very nice application tracking system we do a recommendation algorithm using a lot of ai the aim is you know in my view the aim is not to exclude people or reject people using ai when it comes to skill gap analysis the aim is to show them that this is what is missing this is what has to be developed it is not rocket science that can’t be developed you take a course of one month three months six months or you do it while working in another job role while coming to your ambitious job role you know it takes time nothing is built in a day but more importantly i think a more bigger gap that i see right now which is going to come as a huge pressure on the educational setups whether it is at a university level or at a school level you know any which ways we keep talking about the fact that india’s syllabus is very uh you know it is not aligned to the industry it is not aligned to the industry it is not aligned to the industry it is not aligned to the industry it is about 20 year old we don’t update our syllabuses you know it takes six committees to take five years, seven years to come up with new curriculums.

By the time the new curriculum is implemented, it has already gone obsolete from an industry perspective. I think in the last six months, the speed of growth of AI that we have seen is going to put the maximum pressure on the policy makers of the country, specifically those catering to one is the core foundational education, the higher skilling education, and more importantly, the industry skilling which has to be needed to ensure that people understand why productivity is needed, how productivity is done. Students need to understand that most industry needs output. We need production. We need results. We are not, you know, industry cannot always bridge the gap. And in India, you know, I’ll have to say it, whether it is an MSME or whether it is large industries, everybody has done their bit in terms of scaling those whom they select.

And, you know, today the success that we see in conferences like these is a lot of people. People who have grown through the industry and how industry has scaled people up. Correct. Colleges will need to ensure that AI education is for all. You know, application of AI for all. Output will increase. Output will lead to, you know, more analysis in terms of how to improve the output production. Production leads to more research. Research is going to lead to more efficiency in production. And it’s a loop. You know, currently the application is going to lead to higher output in my view. Higher output in terms of what an engineer can do in eight hours of work.

What a company can do in terms of per year revenues. Whatever models can do. Whatever processes can do. And based on that, it’s a regular running cycle. We can’t sit in a relaxed manner right now. Specifically in this changing world right now.

I’ll just add to what Kunal has said. We need to de -bureaucratize education today to a great extent. In fact, we brought in this concept of institution of eminence. And I’m happy that I’m part of an institution of eminence. where we can create our own curriculum. You know, curriculum velocity is so high that you can’t give a command to faculty members to teach a particular course, especially in technology. And especially when you’re talking about integrating with a particular domain when the faculty has to work with other specialists, identify something and the needs change frequently. You know what has happened? It’s not just that AI technologies have changed. The consumer and the user has started demanding change.

For example, if you look at the crop insurance, the crop insurance idea basically means that I should have satellite pictures and I should have an understanding as to whether a crop failed or not. And this is done best using AI. And if I need to train my agriculture college students, you know, who study in large agronomy institutions, I need to have a quick delivery of the curriculum. Sadly, we don’t have that. We don’t have expertise on those. Thank you. So if you de -bureaucratize curriculum, allow more autonomy to institutions who are into technology at least, or technology applications, we’ll have a much bigger national good at hand.

And I think the start has already happened with the NEP, if I’m not wrong, right? The whole focus on the national education policy and the initiatives around that has been giving more autonomy and speed towards defining the curriculum. So I tend to see this as a problem which was there. And there’s already a lot of work has happened now, right now. I think if you talk about, I think, when you were at probably a globally level and you were probably, you know, from a Warwick experience, right? You would have seen these changes there. And do you see this coming back to India right now in that similar speed?

I don’t, unfortunately, right? So at Warwick, we actually have the Jaguar Land Rover research labs on campus, right? And we were interacting with them. Even 14 years ago, we were looking at tracking, the cognitive load on a driver. as they drove a vehicle to understand whether we need to take some preventative action before he causes an accident, right? Now, of course, we are saying we don’t need a driver. So times are changing very quickly. I think the one thing when we started Sabud, we realized that curriculum is falling short. Academics are not equipped to deal with the change that’s happening. Even HR folks, when we look at it from an industry perspective, our HR folks are not evolving quick enough to evaluate candidates the right way, right?

So what we did in Sabud was, we said the centerpiece of our training is what we call a passion project, where we get students, we are training them in AI machine learning and technology, but we are getting them to think about how do I solve a problem of social impact? Right? And then we are giving them mentors. who are from Tatras and from other organizations that are actually creating AI solutions for the global north, as they say, right? And so now the students are getting mentorship. And I think the key thing we are missing today, which is shocking for a country our size, we have companies with lots of technologists that have no choice but to keep up with technology innovation.

At the same time, these people have to be trained to give back more. If we can get every person to be evaluated or valued based on how much they give back to others, then we can pair students with mentors in industry and get them to get the skills that no curriculum can give, right? Because you really need problem -solving skills that are existing outside of academia. Of course, academia. Academia has great depth, and therefore they have to be part of that. And so as Subodhji was saying, we’ve got to bring academia and industry closer together and solve this problem. It’s not going to happen from one side alone.

No, I think, thank you for sharing your thought on the I’ll just take you know, professor, sorry, Vikash first and then you on, please go ahead.

Specifically for this, so in that way basically from the curriculum point of view at least, I just want to make this a small caveat actually related to this curriculum updates at least the centrally funded technical institutions are not a problem at all. Even they are free of all those things actually. If I have to start a new course from the next semester, I’m free to run. So such kind of restrictions for curriculum updates, at least as far as I know, CFTIs are not bound to that actually and they are quite okay.

It was not only for CFTIs because India is 1 .4 billion people, right, and majority of it are in tier 2. My basic problem is state technical institutions. The talent which comes from state technological universities, which is the best talent. And these people need scholarships. These people need multilingual support. And these teachers also need training. You know, and, you know, there’s a very large layer for the state institutions because education being both a center as well as state funded thing. And we are in a quagmire where, you know, new regulators are coming in, old regulators are falling and we need to identify how to do it. But my basic thing was not CFTIs. The central funded institutions are much better off.

But still, you know, the amount of manpower you need for developing AGI kind of systems. And it is yet to see just a matter of five years. We’ll see how this hypothesis works, whether we are able to generate something in artificial general intelligence. I think all of us will have to contribute towards this transformational change right from academia to the industry, to the policymakers like us. It becomes important. We understand the speed is not required. But. to develop the solution, speed is required in terms of how the solutions get developed by virtue of doing right things, right?

And I think to Vikash, I think Vikash, you have seen, because you have been coming from the AI learning space, right? So my only question to you is you would have seen the conventional way of doing AI education in past and how that has changed today, right? Are we still looking into conventional classroom mechanism of making the AI learning or as you know, probably what Sarab said, it’s not about learning but practicing it while learning, right? So what’s your input around the same?

So in my view, conventional or traditional trainings, they focus heavily on theory, mathematics, model architecture, you know, those foundations are important but from an industry readiness, we require additional three layer. First is, you know, problem, I know, applied problem solving. So, learner must work on real data set. Or, you know, they should focus on the domain -specific knowledge. Or they should work with the deployment scenarios. Second is, you know, the production exposure. So, knowing how your model move from your notebook environment to real scalable or, you know, secure, you know, systems. And, you know, how the production happens. And last is.

So, I think when we talk about the classroom learning and we talk about the learning about the mathematics. How do you see the, you know, the new tools and technologies being used for training? For example. you know are there any examples probably you can quote some examples we have seen that students are now able to not just see the typical you know learning of the classroom but what other tools and technologies they’re being exposed so the learning gets you know increased this the learning speed of learning becomes faster?

So basically in in our sector you know we are utilizing ai to assess the skill gaps so now there are tools who based on the you know participant profile is able to assess the learning gaps and recommend adaptive learnings so which eventually help you know increasing the employability outcome that’s that’s so so this is how the ai is helping today.

Great i think while we you know we are probably somewhere almost towards the end but we have one more set of questions but just to keep the audience anybody wants to have one quick question please can somebody bring the mic to them? Can somebody please bring the mic to them ? Right so I think we’ll I wanted to go one more round of questions but just to keep the interactiveness because the audience is also limited I don’t want you guys to get bored about what we are speaking so anybody can probably ask one or two questions?

Thank you hello everyone namaskar just quickly you speak in Hindi you tell your name my name is Vikram Tripathi I am from a village in Prayagraj and the upcoming elections are the panchayat elections I am going to participate in them there is a district panchayat election there is a district panchayat member of 25 villages so if I win the election then in the first year the AI tools or softwares which are available which are the three sectors where I should use them and secondly is it possible that private companies, CSR funds Thank you.

One bias index is produced depending upon matrices. For one bias, I can use a number of matrices also. Result of all the matrices are clubbed to find the bias index for one particular parameter. Then, a system can have bias due to many things and different bias indexes are clubbed to find one fairness index. The fairness index ranges from 0 to 1. If it is 1, then it is considered fair. If it is 0, it cannot be used. But in practice, the fairness index will be from 0 to 1. Then it will depend upon the user also. If he wants to have how much fairness in the system. If the system is used to suggest what song would you like to hear, then some bias may be accepted.

If system is supposed to identify whether the person is the soldier is enemy or our own. then no bias can be accepted so that can be used for the by the deployer and those matrices or the framework we have suggested it can be used by deployer the developers also the engineers who are involved in developing those systems those people can also test their models if it is fair or not and it can be used by the regulators also the regulator may say the government may say for such sector the system should be tested and it should have at least this much fairness level similar to fairness we have got one standard for robustness also which can be used to check if the system gives consistent results in different situations

Great and I am sure these standards are available in the public domain they are not draft stages.