The EU Commission introduced a proposal aimed at strengthening the EU’s response to large-scale cyber attacks. This recommendation to the Council of Ministers seeks to update the existing EU framework for crisis management in cybersecurity and outline the roles of relevant EU actors, including civilian and military entities as well as NATO.
Specifically, the proposal aims to establish coordination points with NATO to facilitate information sharing during cyber crises, including interconnections between systems. If Member States deploy defense initiatives during a cybersecurity incident, they must inform EU-CyCLONe and the EU Cyber Commanders Conference.
The High Representative, in collaboration with the Commission and relevant entities, should facilitate information flow with strategic partners during identified incidents and enhance coordination against malicious cyber activities using the cyber diplomacy toolbox. Joint exercises should be organized to test cooperation between civilian and military components during significant incidents, including those affecting NATO allies and candidate countries.
The Commission noted that a significant cybersecurity incident could overwhelm the response capabilities of individual Member States and impact multiple EU countries, potentially leading to a crisis that disrupts the internal market and poses risks to public safety. It encourages the establishment of voluntary collaborative clusters to foster cooperation and trust in cybersecurity. Member States can create these clusters based on existing information-sharing frameworks, focusing on common threats while adhering to the mandates of participating actors.
The document emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive and integrated approach to crisis management across all sectors and levels of government. It highlights that if cybersecurity incidents are part of a broader hybrid campaign, stakeholders should collaborate to develop a unified situational awareness across sectors.
Within twelve months of adopting the cybersecurity blueprint, Member States must develop a unified taxonomy for cyber crisis management and establish guidelines for the secure handling of cybersecurity information. The proposal emphasises avoiding over-classification to promote the sharing of non-classified information through established cooperation platforms.
To enhance preparedness for crises and improve organizational efficiency, Member States and relevant entities should conduct ongoing cyber exercises based on scenarios derived from EU-coordinated risk assessments, aligning with existing crisis response mechanisms. Smaller exercises should test interactions during escalating incidents, while the Commission, EEAS, and ENISA will organize an exercise within eighteen months to evaluate the cybersecurity blueprint, involving all relevant stakeholders, including the private sector.
The proposal also recommends that Member States and critical infrastructure operators integrate at least one Union-based DNS infrastructure, such as DNS4EU, to ensure reliable services during crises. ENISA and EU-CyCLONe are tasked with creating emergency failover guidelines for transitioning to Union-based DNS in case of service failures.
While the cybersecurity blueprint does not interfere with how entities define their internal procedures, each entity should clearly define the interfaces used for working with other entities. These interfaces should be jointly agreed upon between the entities concerned and documented.
National and cross-border cyber hubs should share threat information to bolster protection against Union-specific threats, and Member States are encouraged to engage in a multistakeholder forum to identify best practices and standards for securing critical Internet infrastructure. Public and private entities should implement threat-informed detection strategies to proactively identify potential disruptions. They must share information about covert operations with partners before crises escalate and report potential cyber crises to relevant networks, while the CSIRTs Network and EU-CyCLONe establish procedures for coordinating responses to large-scale incidents.
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