social media

OFAC updates Russia General License for telecoms, issues alert on sanction evasion

The US Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has recently updated its Russia General License (GL) 25E, maintaining authorisation for essential and incidental transactions to telecommunications involving the Russian Federation. That license facilitates various internet-based services, including instant messaging, social networking, and e-learning platforms.

It supports the ongoing exchange of communications and allows for the export or reexport of related software, hardware, and technology, provided such transactions comply with the Department of Commerce’s Export Administration Regulations. However, it is important to note that transactions involving significant Russian telecommunications companies designated by OFAC remain unauthorised under this license and must be carefully analysed.

The Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control has also issued a critical alert regarding Russia’s attempts to evade sanctions by establishing new overseas branches and subsidiaries of Russian financial institutions. That alert warns that these efforts to open new international branches or subsidiaries should be considered potential red flags for sanction evasion.

Financial institutions and foreign regulators are advised to exercise caution when engaging with these entities, as activities such as maintaining accounts, transferring funds, or providing financial services may carry significant risks of facilitating Russia’s attempts to bypass sanctions.

Australia plans age limits for social media use

Australia is preparing to introduce age restrictions for social media use to protect children’s mental and physical health. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese announced the plan, emphasising that the government would conduct an age verification trial before finalising the laws, likely setting the minimum age between 14 and 16. Albanese stressed the importance of reducing children’s reliance on social media in favour of real-life activities, citing growing concerns about the harmful effects of digital platforms.

The proposed law would make Australia one of the first to implement such a restriction. However, past attempts by the EU have faced resistance over concerns about limiting minors’ online rights. Tech giants like Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, which currently have a self-imposed minimum age of 13, have responded cautiously, calling for empowerment and tools for young users rather than outright restrictions.

Why does this matter?

Australia‘s move comes amid a parliamentary inquiry into social media’s impact on society, where testimonies have highlighted its negative influence on teenagers’ mental health. However, critics warn that the law may backfire, potentially driving younger users into unregulated, hidden areas of the internet. Digital rights advocates and experts from institutions like the Queensland University of Technology have expressed concerns, arguing that exclusion from mainstream platforms could harm children’s digital engagement and safety.

Australia’s eSafety Commissioner has also noted that restriction-based approaches may limit access to critical support services for younger users. As the debate continues, social media industry groups urge the government to consult with experts to ensure the policy does not inadvertently expose children to greater risks online.

Iran’s Supreme Leader calls for stricter internet regulation

Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has recently emphasised the need for stricter regulation of cyberspace, underscoring the country’s commitment to maintaining stringent internet controls. His remarks, made during a meeting with President Masoud Pezeshkian and his cabinet, highlighted the importance of establishing legal frameworks to govern digital spaces. Khamenei cited the recent arrest of Telegram founder Pavel Durov in France as an example of the necessity for legal oversight, pointing out that even in liberal nations, individuals face legal consequences, reinforcing his argument for a regulated digital environment.

Khamenei’s call reflects Iran’s longstanding approach to internet governance, characterised by some of the most restrictive policies globally. The country frequently blocks access to major social media platforms. Still, many Iranians utilise VPNs to circumvent these controls, highlighting the ongoing struggle between regulation and access in Iran’s digital landscape. The economic implications of these restrictions were discussed during presidential debates, with Pezeshkian criticising the adverse effects on small businesses relying on social media.

Khamenei’s advocacy underscores a broader tension between security and freedom in cyberspace. While his remarks address potential threats, they highlight ongoing debates about balancing security measures with individual freedoms in the digital age. As Iran navigates its approach to internet governance, the international community remains vigilant regarding the implications for global digital policy and human rights.

Social media platforms urged to comply with new Malaysian regulations

Malaysia is moving forward with a plan to regulate social media platforms by requiring them to obtain licences if they have more than eight million users. The move aims to tackle rising cybercrime in the country, with legal action possible for non-compliance by January 2025. While tech industry group Asia Internet Coalition (AIC), whose members include Google, Meta, and X, raised concerns over the clarity of the regulations, Communications Minister Fahmi Fadzil stated that tech companies must respect Malaysian laws if they wish to continue operating.

The AIC initially called for a pause on the plan in an open letter to Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, describing the licensing regime as ‘unworkable’ and warning it could stifle innovation by placing undue burdens on businesses. The group also highlighted the need for formal public consultation, leaving uncertainty regarding the obligations imposed on social media companies. However, the letter was later edited, removing references to the regulations being ‘unworkable’ and deleting a list of AIC member companies.

Malaysia‘s communications ministry has remained firm on the new regulations, asserting that its laws are bigger than the tech giants operating within its borders. The government has been in discussions with industry representatives and plans to conduct a public inquiry to gather feedback from industry players and the public on the regulatory framework. Despite the objections from AIC, implementing the new licensing regime is set to proceed without delay.

Iran has banned VPNs to tighten internet control

Iran has officially banned virtual private networks (VPNs) as part of a broader effort to tighten control over internet access. The directive, issued by the Supreme Council of Cyberspace and endorsed by Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, prohibits using VPNs unless authorised by authorities. The regulation is particularly alarming for many Iranians, who have relied on VPNs to bypass extensive internet censorship and access blocked content, including popular social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram and streaming services such as YouTube and Netflix.

The motivations behind the crackdown are complex, with reports suggesting that some officials may profit from the VPN trade, indicating that the ban may eliminate competition rather than solely address national security concerns. Furthermore, the need for more clarity regarding enforcement leaves citizens uncertain about potential consequences for violations.

Public reaction has mainly been adverse, as the ban criminalises the actions of many citizens. Critics argue that it reflects a deep-seated fear of mobilisation among the populace when granted unrestricted access to information. This sentiment has garnered international attention, with the United States condemning the ban and reaffirming its commitment to supporting internet freedom in Iran.

Overall, the VPN ban is part of a broader trend of digital repression in Iran, especially following the protests after Mahsa Amini died in 2022. As the government tightens its control, tensions between state authority and citizens’ rights to access information pose significant challenges to digital rights in the country.

Sweden and Denmark tackle gang recruitment on social media

Tech platforms are under increasing pressure from Sweden and Denmark to address the rising issue of gang recruitment ads targeting young Swedes. These ads, often found on platforms like Telegram and TikTok, are being used to recruit individuals for violent crimes across the Nordic region. Concerns have grown as Swedish gang violence has begun spilling over into neighbouring countries, with incidents of Swedish gang members being hired for violent acts in Denmark.

The justice ministers of both countries announced their plans to summon tech companies to discuss their role in enabling these activities. They will demand that the platforms take greater responsibility and implement stronger measures to prevent gang-related content. If the responses from these companies are deemed insufficient, further action may be considered to increase pressure on them.

Danish Minister of Justice Peter Hummelgaard highlighted the challenges posed by encrypted services and social media, which are often used to facilitate criminal activities. Although current legal frameworks do not allow for geoblocking or shutting down such platforms, efforts are being made to explore new avenues to curb their misuse.

Sweden, which has the highest rate of gun violence in the European Union, recently announced plans to strengthen police cooperation across the Nordic region. The country is also increasing security measures at its borders with Denmark to prevent further cross-border gang activity. The growing concern over gang-related violence underscores the urgent need for coordinated efforts between governments and tech platforms.

Social media platforms asked to tackle cybercrimes in Malaysia

Malaysia is urging social media platforms to strengthen their efforts in combating cybercrimes, including scams, cyberbullying, and child pornography. The government has seen a significant rise in harmful online content and has called on companies like Meta and TikTok to enhance their monitoring and enforcement practices.

In the first quarter of 2024 alone, Malaysia reported 51,638 cases of harmful content referred to social media platforms, surpassing the 42,904 cases from the entire previous year. Communications Minister Fahmi Fadzil noted that some platforms are more cooperative than others, with Meta showing the highest compliance rates—85% for Facebook, 88% for Instagram, and 79% for WhatsApp. TikTok followed with a 76% compliance rate, while Telegram and X had lower rates.

The government has directed social media firms to address these issues more effectively, but it is up to the platforms to remove content that violates their community guidelines. Malaysia’s communications regulator continues highlighting problematic content to these firms, aiming to curb harmful online activity.

LinkedIn adds games and AI tools to increase user visits

LinkedIn is introducing AI-powered career advice and interactive games in an effort to encourage daily visits and drive growth. The Financial Times reported that this initiative is part of a broader overhaul aimed at increasing user engagement on the Microsoft-owned platform, which currently lags behind entertainment-focused social media sites like Facebook and TikTok.

With slowing revenue growth, analysts have suggested that LinkedIn must diversify its income streams beyond subscriptions and make the platform more engaging. Editor in Chief Daniel Roth emphasised the goal of building a daily habit for users to share knowledge, get information, and interact with content on the site. The efforts reflect LinkedIn’s push to enhance the user experience, such as unveiling AI-driven job hunting features and detecting fake accounts, as well as disabling targeted ads.

In June, LinkedIn recorded 1.5 million content interactions per minute, though it did not disclose site traffic or active user figures. Data from Similarweb showed that visits reached 1.8 billion in June, but the growth rate has slowed significantly since early 2024. For continued growth, media analyst Kelsey Chickering noted that LinkedIn needs to become ‘stickier’ and offer more than just job listings and applications.

Moreover, LinkedIn is becoming a significant platform for consumer engagement, with companies like Amazon and Nike attracting millions of followers. The platform’s fastest-growing demographic is Generation Z, many of whom shop via social media. The trend highlights LinkedIn’s potential as a robust avenue for retailers to reach a sophisticated and influential audience.

Singapore blocks 95 accounts linked to exiled Chinese tycoon Guo Wengui

Singapore has ordered five social media platforms to block access to 95 accounts linked to exiled Chinese tycoon Guo Wengui. These accounts posted over 120 times from April 17 to May 10, alleging foreign interference in Singapore’s leadership transition. The Home Affairs Ministry stated that the posts suggested a foreign actor influenced the selection of Singapore’s new prime minister.

Singapore’s Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act, enacted in October 2021, was used for the first time to address this issue. Guo Wengui, recently convicted in the US for fraud, has a history of opposing Beijing. Together with former Trump adviser Steve Bannon, he launched the New Federal State of China, aimed at overthrowing China’s Communist Party.

The ministry expressed concern that Guo’s network could spread false narratives detrimental to Singapore’s interests and sovereignty. Blocking these accounts was deemed necessary to prevent potential hostile information campaigns targeting Singapore.

Guo and his affiliated organisations have been known to push various Singapore-related narratives. The coordinated actions and previous attempts to use Singapore to advance their agenda highlighted their capability to undermine Singapore’s social cohesion and sovereignty.

Trump assassination attempt sparks online conspiracy theories

Following the attempted assassination of Donald Trump, misinformation and conspiracy theories flooded social media platforms. Thomas Matthew Crooks, the 20-year-old shooter, was killed by the Secret Service after his shot grazed Trump’s ear. The incident has led to a surge in wild claims and disinformation online.

Conspiracy theories have proliferated, including suggestions that the shooting was staged and that the shooter is not actually dead. Social media platforms have seen a rise in copycat accounts and videos claiming to be from the shooter, further fuelling speculation and confusion.

Some users are alleging that President Joe Biden was behind the attack. The situation has also sparked misogynistic comments online, with users criticising female Secret Service agents. Russian trolls have been active, spreading false information and blaming Ukraine for the attack. Cybersecurity experts warn that disinformation campaigns are likely to continue as the investigation unfolds.

Authorities and cybersecurity specialists are monitoring the situation closely, emphasising the need for vigilance against the spread of false information. The surge in conspiracy theories highlights the ongoing challenge of managing misinformation in the digital age.

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