WSIS Forum 2026
Rapport généré par l'IA

Redefining Digital Citizenship: From Internet Safety Rules to Empowered, Informed Citizens

7 intervenants
Résumé

Résumé

La discussion s’est concentrée sur la redéfinition de la citoyenneté numérique à l’ère de l’IA, en soutenant que le seul accès à internet ne suffit plus et que la citoyenneté numérique exige désormais des compétences critiques, une compréhension des droits et des responsabilités, ainsi qu’une participation significative soutenue par des institutions de confiance et une collaboration entre les secteurs . Dr. Hoda Baraka a déclaré que l’Égypte définit un citoyen numériquement autonome comme une personne capable d’accéder aux technologies numériques, de les comprendre, de les utiliser, d’en créer et d’en tirer profit d’une manière sûre, éthique, productive et inclusive . Elle a décrit l’approche de l’Égypte comme étant à plusieurs niveaux, combinant l’expansion des infrastructures, les services publics numériques, la littératie numérique, les programmes de compétences dans les écoles et les universités, ainsi que les initiatives de sécurité en ligne qui traitent de la désinformation, des deepfakes, des risques pour la vie privée et de l’inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap . Dr. Abeer Shakweer a soutenu que le changement clé consiste à passer de la simple lutte contre la mésinformation au renforcement de l’intégrité de l’information en dotant les citoyens d’esprit critique et des compétences nécessaires pour évoluer dans des environnements informationnels façonnés par l’IA . Elle a présenté le programme en trois piliers du PNUD Égypte : lutter contre la mésinformation et la désinformation par l’évaluation de l’écosystème et des boîtes à outils pour les jeunes et les journalistes, explorer le rôle de l’IA à la fois dans la propagation et dans la limitation des fausses informations, et intégrer le renforcement des capacités dans les efforts de transformation numérique destinés au public, aux jeunes et aux responsables publics . Krisstina Rao a ajouté que l’infrastructure publique numérique (IPN) devrait être conçue comme des systèmes partagés tels que l’identité numérique, les paiements et l’échange de données fondé sur le consentement, plutôt que comme des services départementaux cloisonnés . Elle a souligné qu’une infrastructure publique numérique sûre et inclusive dépend d’une collaboration multipartite précoce, car les gouvernements ne peuvent pas construire seuls des infrastructures complexes et l’adoption dépend d’une conception pensée pour les personnes en situation de marginalité . Dr. Chafic Chaya a insisté sur le fait que la citoyenneté numérique ne devrait pas être dissociée de l’infrastructure internet, soutenant que sans connectivité résiliente, sûre et fiable, les personnes ne peuvent pas participer en ligne ni faire confiance aux plateformes numériques . Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb a déclaré que les régulateurs devraient créer des règles flexibles et adaptables, se référer aux pratiques internationales, consulter les parties prenantes de manière transparente, protéger les données, travailler avec les agences de cybersécurité et adapter les campagnes de sensibilisation à différents groupes . Nicholas Field a souligné que les jeunes sont souvent prêts à s’engager et à aider leurs familles à adopter des services numériques, mais qu’ils sont fréquemment exclus de l’élaboration des politiques et devraient être atteints par les canaux qu’ils utilisent réellement, tandis que les enseignants ont eux aussi besoin d’un perfectionnement en IA . Sur la mise en œuvre, Field a décrit les espaces d'expérimentation comme des environnements techniques limités dans le temps permettant une expérimentation sûre qui instaure la confiance entre les régulateurs, les entreprises et les citoyens, en citant des exemples de la France et de GovStack pour tester une identité numérique interopérable et d’autres composantes de l'IPN avant leur déploiement . Dr. Abeer a déclaré qu’un véritable changement institutionnel exige des évaluations de préparation au numérique et à l’IA, des recommandations pratiques et un renforcement durable des capacités afin que les organisations puissent apprendre, s’adapter et collaborer . Revenant à la gouvernance de l’IA, Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb a soutenu que les régulateurs devraient encourager un usage responsable de l’IA plutôt que l’interdire, avec l’appui de politiques, de la vérification des sources, de la protection des données et de la cybersécurité . Dr. Hoda a conclu que si les chartes éthiques nationales, les cadres de gouvernance et les lignes directrices en matière de passation de marchés sont importants, la confiance exige aussi des outils pratiques tels que le laboratoire d’audit de l’IA prévu en Égypte et un dialogue mondial plus large afin d’équilibrer l’innovation et la protection et de faire fonctionner l’IA responsable dans la pratique .

Points clés

- La discussion commence par une redéfinition de la citoyenneté numérique au-delà du simple accès à internet : les intervenants soutiennent qu’être en ligne ne suffit plus et que la citoyenneté numérique inclut désormais l’esprit critique, la littératie en IA, la compréhension des droits et des responsabilités, ainsi qu’une participation significative à la société numérique. Ce cadrage est introduit par Alik Mikaelian et renforcé par la définition actualisée du citoyen numériquement autonome proposée par Dr. Hoda Baraka. - Un thème majeur est que les gouvernements doivent construire la citoyenneté numérique au moyen de stratégies nationales à plusieurs niveaux combinant l'accès, les services publics numériques, le développement des compétences, l'inclusion et la sécurité en ligne. Dr. Hoda Baraka présente l’approche de l’Égypte à travers l’expansion des infrastructures numériques, les services de gouvernement électronique, les programmes de compétences numériques dans les écoles et les universités, la formation du secteur public, les initiatives de sécurité en ligne et l’inclusion des personnes en situation de handicap. - Plusieurs intervenants soulignent que la réponse à la mésinformation à l’ère de l’IA devrait passer d’une police réactive des contenus au renforcement de l’intégrité de l’information et de la résilience des citoyens. Dr. Abeer Shakweer plaide pour doter les personnes d’esprit critique et de compétences pour un engagement sûr, tout en décrivant le programme en trois piliers du PNUD Égypte : lutter contre la mésinformation et la désinformation, utiliser l’innovation fondée sur l’IA pour traiter les fausses informations, et intégrer le renforcement des capacités dans les programmes numériques destinés au public. - Un autre point clé de la discussion est que l’infrastructure publique numérique de confiance et la connectivité internet doivent être conçues de manière inclusive, sécurisée et grâce à une collaboration multipartite. Krisstina Rao explique que l'IPN devrait fournir des services fondamentaux partagés tels que l’identité, les paiements et l’échange de données fondé sur le consentement, et affirme que les gouvernements doivent impliquer tôt des parties prenantes diverses pour garantir l’adoption, la sécurité, la redevabilité et l’inclusion. Dr. Chafic Chaya ajoute que la citoyenneté numérique ne peut être dissociée d’une infrastructure internet résiliente et sûre, en particulier dans le Sud global où l’accès peut s’étendre plus rapidement que la résilience et le renforcement des capacités. - Le panel met également l’accent sur une gouvernance agile de l’IA et des systèmes numériques, comprenant une réglementation flexible, la préparation institutionnelle, l’inclusion des jeunes et des mécanismes pratiques de test tels que les sandboxes et les laboratoires d’audit. Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb met en avant une réglementation adaptable, l’analyse comparative, la consultation des parties prenantes, la protection des enfants en ligne et l’usage responsable de l’IA plutôt que des interdictions générales. Nicholas Field soutient que les jeunes sont prêts à contribuer et devraient être mobilisés par les canaux qu’ils utilisent réellement, tandis que les sandboxes peuvent instaurer la confiance grâce à une expérimentation sûre et à une supervision indépendante. Dr. Abeer Shakweer ajoute que les évaluations de préparation institutionnelle et le renforcement des capacités gouvernementales sont essentiels pour transformer les principes numériques en véritables réformes, et Dr. Hoda Baraka conclut que la gouvernance de l’IA a besoin à la fois de cadres nationaux et d’outils pratiques de mise en œuvre tels que le futur laboratoire d’audit de l’IA en Égypte.

L’objectif global de la discussion était d’explorer ce que devrait signifier la citoyenneté numérique à l’ère de l’IA et d’identifier les conditions politiques, institutionnelles, techniques et sociales nécessaires pour la rendre réelle. Le panel visait à relier les principes de haut niveau à l’action concrète, en se concentrant sur la manière dont les gouvernements, les régulateurs, les organisations internationales, la communauté technique et la société civile peuvent aider les citoyens à participer à la vie numérique de manière sûre, confiante et inclusive.

Le ton général est resté constructif, orienté vers les politiques publiques et collaboratif tout au long de l’échange. Il est demeuré sérieux et tourné vers l’avenir, avec une insistance répétée sur la responsabilité partagée, l’inclusion, la confiance et la mise en œuvre pratique. Il n’y a pas eu de changement majeur d’ambiance, bien que la conversation soit passée d’un cadrage conceptuel large au début à des exemples plus concrets et à des outils de mise en œuvre par la suite, avant de se terminer de façon quelque peu abrupte en raison de contraintes de temps.

Intervenants

- Alik Mikaelian - Modérateur de la session sur la redéfinition de la citoyenneté numérique à l’ère de l’IA. - Dr. Hoda Baraka - Conseillère auprès du ministre pour le développement des talents technologiques, ministère des Communications et des Technologies de l’information, Égypte. - Dr. Abeer Shakweer - Représentante résidente adjointe et cheffe de l’équipe Croissance inclusive et Transformation numérique, PNUD Égypte. - Krisstina Rao - Senior Principal for Investments, CoDevelop. - Dr. Chafic Chaya - Regional Manager for Public Policy and Government Affairs for the Middle East, RIPE NCC. La source externe indique également un nom très proche, Chafic Caya, participant à des discussions sur la gouvernance de l’internet. [S4] - Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb - Présidente des télécommunications, Telecommunications Regulatory Commission, Jordanie. - Nicholas Field - Directeur des opérations et du développement, Datasphere Initiative Foundation. - Dr. Abeer Shakweer - Travaille sur l’intégrité de l’information, la préparation au numérique, la préparation à l’IA, le renforcement des capacités et la transformation numérique inclusive. - Dr. Hoda Baraka - Travaille sur la citoyenneté numérique, la transformation numérique, la littératie numérique, la gouvernance de l’IA, la sécurité en ligne et les politiques technologiques inclusives. - Krisstina Rao - Travaille sur l’infrastructure publique numérique, l’inclusion, la vie privée, la redevabilité et la collaboration multipartite. - Dr. Chafic Chaya - Travaille sur une infrastructure internet de confiance et résiliente, la connectivité, la sécurité et l’engagement de la communauté technique. - Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb - Travaille sur la réglementation des télécommunications, la protection des enfants en ligne, la protection des données, la cybersécurité et la gouvernance de l’IA. - Nicholas Field - Travaille sur la gouvernance des données, l’inclusion numérique, l’engagement des jeunes, les sandboxes et l’infrastructure publique numérique. Intervenants supplémentaires : - Aucun.

Intervenants
AM
Alik Mikaelian
126 wpm · 9 min
DH
Dr. Hoda Baraka
128 wpm · 13 min
DA
Dr. Abeer Shakweer
128 wpm · 8 min
DC
Dr. Chafic Chaya
118 wpm · 3 min
NF
Nicholas Field
216 wpm · 7 min
KR
Krisstina Rao
161 wpm · 6 min
SE
Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb

La session a examiné comment la « citoyenneté numérique » devrait être comprise dans un monde de plus en plus façonné par l’IA. En ouvrant la discussion, Alik Mikaelian a soutenu qu’une ancienne définition fondée sur l’accès ne suffit plus : bien qu’environ 5,6 milliards de personnes soient en ligne, l’accès à un appareil ou à internet ne crée pas à lui seul une participation numérique significative . Elle a plutôt défini la citoyenneté numérique comme la capacité à penser de manière critique, à naviguer avec assurance dans des environnements activés par l’IA, à comprendre les droits et les responsabilités, et à participer de façon significative à la société numérique . Elle a également souligné que cela dépend d’institutions de confiance, d’une gouvernance efficace, d’infrastructures résilientes et d’une collaboration entre les gouvernements, le secteur privé, la société civile et la communauté technique .

Le Dr Hoda Baraka a développé cet argument à travers l’expérience de transformation numérique de l’Égypte. Elle a déclaré que la citoyenneté numérique est un concept évolutif, en particulier avec l’IA, et a opposé le moment actuel à la période du SMSI, lorsque l’objectif principal était de connecter les gens à internet . Du point de vue de l’Égypte, a-t-elle dit, un citoyen autonomisé sur le plan numérique est quelqu’un qui peut accéder aux technologies numériques, les comprendre, les utiliser, les créer et en bénéficier . Elle a soutenu que cela exige désormais aussi la sécurité, l’éthique, la productivité et l’inclusion .

Elle a décrit l’approche de l’Égypte comme un ensemble de domaines d’action interconnectés. Le premier est l’accès et l’inclusion à travers le programme Digital Egypt, y compris l’extension des infrastructures et l’attention portée à la connectivité dans les zones rurales et les villages . Le deuxième concerne les services publics numériques, avec une attention portée à la fois au nombre de services en ligne et au fait que les gens les utilisent réellement ou non . Le troisième est la littératie numérique et les compétences, afin que les citoyens puissent utiliser efficacement internet et les services publics numériques . Le Dr Hoda a également présenté des programmes de compétences destinés à différentes tranches d’âge et catégories professionnelles, notamment l’initiative Digital Egypt Marvel Schools pour l’enseignement primaire et la Digital Egypt Cubs Initiative pour les élèves de la 7e à la 11e année . Elle a ajouté que l’Égypte met aussi en œuvre des programmes plus avancés pour les étudiants universitaires, les diplômés et les agents publics, car l’IA concerne l’ensemble de la société et pas uniquement les spécialistes techniques . Elle a mis l’accent sur la sécurité en ligne comme faisant partie de ce travail, en particulier compte tenu de risques tels que la désinformation, les deepfakes et les menaces pesant sur les données personnelles . Ces efforts visent les enfants, les femmes, les adultes, les parents et les éducateurs . Elle a également mis en avant le soutien aux personnes en situation de handicap afin que l’IA et les outils numériques puissent améliorer l’inclusion et l’autonomisation .

Le Dr Abeer Shakweer s’est ensuite concentrée sur l’environnement informationnel. Elle a soutenu que la priorité devrait passer de la simple lutte contre la mésinformation à un renforcement de l’intégrité de l’information . Selon elle, cela signifie doter les personnes de l’esprit critique et de la capacité de jugement nécessaires pour évoluer dans des environnements numériques et prendre des décisions éclairées dans des contextes de plus en plus façonnés par l’IA . Elle a lié une information digne de confiance à une gouvernance inclusive et au développement durable . Le Dr Abeer a décrit un programme du PNUD en Égypte reposant sur trois piliers. Le premier pilier traite de la mésinformation et de la désinformation, à commencer par une évaluation de l’écosystème informationnel de l’Égypte . Cela a conduit à un kit bilingue arabe-anglais destiné aux jeunes et aux journalistes, qu’elle a décrits comme des acteurs particulièrement importants dans la production et la circulation de l’information en ligne . Elle a indiqué qu’il s’agissait du premier kit de ce type en langue arabe et que plus de 120 jeunes ainsi que 25 formateurs de journalistes avaient été formés grâce à celui-ci . Le deuxième pilier est centré sur l’innovation et l’utilisation de l’IA elle-même pour faire face aux fausses informations, en travaillant avec des innovateurs, des entrepreneurs et des jeunes . Le troisième pilier porte sur le renforcement des capacités à travers les programmes numériques, y compris la transformation numérique, l’intelligence du futur et l’infrastructure publique numérique, avec des formations destinées au grand public, aux jeunes et aux responsables gouvernementaux . Elle a conclu que la citoyenneté numérique devrait être enseignée à travers les compétences qui permettent aux personnes de s’engager dans la vie numérique de manière sûre et responsable, plutôt que principalement par la peur .

Krisstina Rao s’est tournée vers l’infrastructure publique numérique (IPN). Elle a indiqué que CoDevelop travaille avec près de 50 pays pour soutenir le développement sûr et inclusif d'une IPN . Elle a décrit l'IPN comme une infrastructure partagée et horizontale qui peut être réutilisée à l’échelle de l’administration, plutôt que comme des systèmes cloisonnés développés séparément par chaque ministère ou département . Parmi ses exemples figuraient l’identité numérique, les services de paiement partagés et l’échange de données fondé sur le consentement . Krisstina a déclaré que l'IPN n’était plus un concept nouveau et que les gouvernements avaient déjà reconnu à la fois les opportunités et les défis . Elle a souligné deux principaux enseignements pratiques. Premièrement, les gouvernements ne peuvent pas construire seuls de tels systèmes et ont besoin de partenariats au-delà de l’État, y compris avec des acteurs nationaux du secteur privé et d’autres pouvant apporter une expertise en matière d’inclusion, de sécurité et de redevabilité . Deuxièmement, l’adoption et l’inclusion doivent être traitées conjointement : si les gouvernements doivent continuer à maintenir à la fois des systèmes numériques et analogiques parce que de nombreuses personnes restent exclues, les coûts demeurent élevés et la valeur des IPN s’en trouve réduite . Elle a donc soutenu que les pays doivent décider dès le départ qui est impliqué, à quel stade précoce ils sont inclus et quelles structures de collaboration sont nécessaires . Parmi ses exemples figuraient le forum PIX du Brésil et la collaboration précoce de l’Éthiopie avec le HCR afin que son système d’identité puisse se connecter au registre des réfugiés et inclure une population souvent négligée . Elle a également mentionné un guide à paraître sur la collaboration multipartite comme ressource pratique pour les gouvernements .

Le Dr Chafic Chaya a renforcé l’importance des infrastructures. Il a soutenu que la citoyenneté numérique est souvent envisagée de manière trop étroite en termes de comportement individuel, comme le fait de rester en sécurité en ligne ou de protéger ses données, et que ces éléments sont nécessaires mais insuffisants . Il a décrit internet, la connectivité, les réseaux résilients, les plateformes fiables et les environnements sécurisés comme étant fondamentaux pour une participation significative . À ses yeux, la citoyenneté numérique ne peut être dissociée des infrastructures, car une participation véritable dépend d’une connectivité résiliente et de systèmes techniques dignes de confiance . Il a ajouté que cela est particulièrement difficile dans le Sud global, où l’accès peut se développer plus rapidement que la résilience et le renforcement des capacités .

Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb a apporté la perspective réglementaire. Elle a soutenu que la réglementation doit rester flexible et adaptative face à la rapidité des changements technologiques . Elle a indiqué que la Jordanie se compare souvent à d’autres pays afin de tirer des enseignements de leur expérience et d’éviter de répéter les mêmes erreurs . Elle a également insisté sur la transparence des consultations, expliquant que les projets de réglementation sont publiés et que les institutions comme le public disposent de temps pour formuler des observations afin que les règles soient applicables en pratique . Lara a décrit cela comme une sorte d’approche de « rétro-ingénierie » : partir des technologies disponibles et des solutions pratiques, puis élaborer des règles qui peuvent effectivement être mises en œuvre . À titre d’exemple, elle a décrit le travail de la Jordanie sur la protection des enfants en ligne, où les régulateurs ont d’abord consulté les opérateurs télécoms sur les solutions techniques disponibles, puis les plateformes internationales sur la manière dont ces systèmes interagissent . Elle a ajouté que la protection des données et la coordination avec les agences de cybersécurité sont des composantes essentielles de la réglementation numérique . Parallèlement à la réglementation formelle, elle a insisté sur la sensibilisation, en particulier lorsque les supports sont accessibles et adaptés à différents groupes tels que les enfants, les femmes, les entreprises et les PME .

Nicholas Field a apporté la perspective des jeunes. S’appuyant sur des recherches menées avec l’Omidyar Network et l’UNICEF, il a déclaré que les jeunes disent de manière constante qu’ils sont prêts à s’engager et souhaitent que leur voix soit entendue, mais qu’ils sont souvent traités comme une considération secondaire dans les processus d’élaboration des politiques . Il a noté que les jeunes agissent souvent comme un support technique informel au sein des familles, aidant les générations plus âgées à utiliser les nouvelles technologies . Il a soutenu que les gouvernements ne communiquent pas toujours avec les jeunes par les canaux qu’ils utilisent réellement, et a affirmé qu’ils devraient recourir à des formats tels que les influenceurs, YouTube et les podcasts plutôt que de s’appuyer uniquement sur les médias traditionnels . Nicholas a également demandé si les enseignants eux-mêmes étaient formés à l’IA, soutenant qu’on ne peut pas attendre d’eux qu’ils enseignent un usage responsable de l’IA s’ils ne la comprennent pas . Faisant référence à un travail récent avec des professeurs d’université à Barcelone, il a déclaré que les universités manquent souvent d’une politique générale sur la manière d’aborder l’IA et d’encadrer son utilisation . Il a ajouté qu’il est irréaliste de s’attendre à ce que les étudiants n’utilisent pas les outils d’IA ; au contraire, les institutions doivent définir les paramètres d’un usage acceptable et responsable . Il a également noté que même des initiatives considérées comme réussies peuvent encore ne toucher qu’une fraction de la population, citant un exemple français d’environ 4 millions d’utilisateurs sur 70 millions, et a soutenu que les gouvernements ont besoin de définitions plus claires du succès dans l’adoption d'une IPN .

La discussion s’est ensuite tournée vers les bacs à sable. Nicholas les a définis comme des infrastructures techniques ayant un objectif d’apprentissage spécifique sur une période définie, créées pour résoudre des problèmes particuliers plutôt que pour fonctionner indéfiniment . Il a indiqué qu’ils peuvent favoriser une expérimentation sûre et contribuer à instaurer la confiance entre les régulateurs, le secteur privé et les citoyens . Il a donné deux exemples. Le premier était le bac à sable français sur l’identité, qui, selon lui, s’est « depuis en quelque sorte transformé » en portefeuille européen d’identité numérique, permettant aux entreprises de tester des usages interopérables de l’identité et des documents publics numériques . Le second était le bac à sable d’interopérabilité GovStack, impliquant des acteurs tels que l’UIT, l’Allemagne, l’Estonie et la Digital Impact Alliance, et offrant un environnement de test sécurisé pour des éléments tels que les documents, l’identité, le consentement, les registres, la messagerie et les flux de travail . Nicholas a également soutenu que les bacs à sable ne devraient pas devenir des « boîtes noires » opaques et a déclaré que la société civile et le monde universitaire devraient contribuer à évaluer leurs résultats et à en rendre compte .

Le Dr Abeer est ensuite revenue à la discussion pour se concentrer sur les institutions plutôt que sur les citoyens. Elle a soutenu que la transformation numérique exige des investissements dans la préparation institutionnelle ainsi que dans la technologie elle-même . Elle a déclaré que le PNUD dispose d’outils d’évaluation de la préparation au numérique et à l’IA qui aident les organisations à comprendre où elles se situent dans le processus de transformation et à élaborer des feuilles de route concrètes . En Égypte, a-t-elle dit, de telles évaluations avaient été appliquées avec le ministère de la Justice et avaient commencé avec la National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority . Elle a ajouté que ces évaluations produisent également des recommandations sur les domaines dans lesquels les institutions ont besoin d’investissements supplémentaires, de coordination et de collaboration . Son point principal était que la citoyenneté numérique dépend aussi d’institutions publiques capables d’apprendre, de s’adapter et de collaborer . Elle a étayé ce point en faisant référence à des formations menées avec le ministère des TIC, l’Egyptian Responsible AI Center, le Data Protection Center, la NTRA et la GSMA sur l’usage pratique et responsable de l’IA, l’évaluation des risques, les mégadonnées et l’IA à destination des décideurs publics en Égypte, en Afrique et dans la région arabe .

Dans la dernière partie de la session, la discussion s’est concentrée plus directement sur la gouvernance de l’IA. Son Excellence Lara Al-Khateeb a déclaré que la sensibilisation reste centrale tant pour les parties prenantes que pour ceux qui utilisent ou réglementent l’IA . Elle a soutenu que la réglementation de l’IA devrait être suffisamment agile pour évoluer avec la technologie, mais que les institutions ne devraient ni décourager ni interdire l’usage de l’IA ; elles devraient l’encourager dans des conditions responsables et éthiques . Elle a critiqué la tendance de certains établissements d’enseignement à interdire l’IA et a déclaré que la meilleure approche consiste à apprendre aux gens à l’utiliser de manière responsable, notamment en vérifiant les sources des informations générées par l’IA . Elle a donné un exemple concret issu de la TRC jordanienne, où un système d’IA interne non connecté à internet est utilisé pour rechercher des réglementations et des décisions et pour appuyer des solutions à des questions réglementaires, parallèlement à un usage responsable d’outils d’IA connectés à internet . Elle a réitéré l’importance des politiques, de la protection des données et des garanties de cybersécurité .

Le Dr Hoda a ensuite abordé l’IA responsable dans une perspective de politique nationale. Elle a soutenu que les pays du Sud global ont besoin d’un dialogue mondial plus solide sur les politiques publiques afin de les aider à comprendre la gouvernance de l’IA et de soutenir la démocratisation des ressources et des outils liés à l’IA . Au niveau national, a-t-elle dit, l’Égypte dispose déjà d’une charte éthique, d’un cadre de gouvernance, de lignes directrices à l’intention des développeurs et des déployeurs, ainsi que d’orientations en matière d’achats publics pour les institutions publiques acquérant des systèmes d’IA . Elle a toutefois souligné que de tels documents ne suffisent pas à eux seuls . Le défi, a-t-elle dit, consiste à faire en sorte que les institutions, les développeurs et les organismes publics sachent comment les appliquer avant et après le déploiement et comment adapter les cadres internationaux aux priorités nationales . Elle a ensuite annoncé l’émergence en Égypte d’un AI Audit Lab, développé avec le soutien du PNUD, de la GSMA, de la GIZ et de WebSphere, comme moyen de passer des principes à la mise en œuvre . Elle a déclaré que des notions telles que l’équité, la redevabilité, la transparence, l’ouverture, l’interopérabilité et l’explicabilité sont déjà bien connues, mais que les pays ont encore besoin d’outils pratiques pour vérifier si les systèmes d’IA respectent réellement ces normes . L’Audit Lab vise à aider les programmeurs, développeurs et PME égyptiens à tester et à concevoir des systèmes d’IA sûrs, responsables et éthiques . Elle a également relié ce travail à la collaboration avec l’UNICEF qui, selon elle, est passée de la sécurité des enfants en ligne à la sécurité des enfants en ligne à l’ère de l’IA . Son dernier point était que les citoyens ont besoin de politiques et de lignes directrices visibles pour faire confiance aux systèmes numériques, tandis que les gouvernements doivent aussi soutenir l’innovation et l’écosystème des PME .

Dans l’ensemble, la session a montré un large accord sur le fait que la citoyenneté numérique à l’ère de l’IA va bien au-delà du seul accès à internet. Les intervenants l’ont reliée à plusieurs reprises à l’esprit critique, à la sécurité, à la connaissance des droits, à une participation significative, à des institutions de confiance, à des infrastructures sécurisées, à des systèmes publics utilisables, à une réglementation flexible et à un renforcement concret des capacités pour différents groupes dans l’ensemble de la société . Ils ont également partagé l’idée que l’IA devrait être rendue possible et utilisée de manière responsable plutôt qu’interdite purement et simplement . La modératrice a conclu en disant que le panel avait largement dépassé le temps imparti et que deux questions prévues n’avaient pas pu être posées.

Alik Mikaelian
I welcome you to the early session and one of the first sessions in WSIS on redefining digital citizenship in the AI era. And we are here to kind of explore what does it really mean to be a digital citizen today? Because not long ago, the answer might have simply been like people who have access to the Internet are considered digital citizenship. And today, nearly 5 .6 billion people, almost 70 percent of the population are online. However, growing evidence has shown that having a device or an Internet access does not really guarantee meaningful participation in digital spaces. Digital citizenship today today should be about having the skills to think critically, navigate AI -enabled environments and digital spaces with confidence, understanding our rights and responsibilities and participating meaningfully in increasingly digital society. At the same time we know that in part digital citizens do not emerge in isolation, they depend on trusted institutions effective governance resilient infrastructure and collaboration across governments, private sector and civil society as well as the technical community and that's exactly what will be exploring today with our distinguished panelists today. So joining us today we have Dr. Hoda Baraka advisor to the minister for technology talent development at Egypt's ministry of communications and information technology, Her Excellency Laura Al-Khateeb, chairwoman of telecommunications at the regulatory commission of Jordan Dr. Abeer Shakweer assistant resident representative and inclusive growth and digital transformation team leader at UNDP Egypt Dr. Shaya, Regional Manager for Public Policy and Government Affairs for the Middle East at RIP NCC Krisstina Rao, Senior Principal at CoDevelop and last but not least, Nicholas Field, Director of Operations and Development at the Data Sphere Initiative Foundation Thank you everyone for being here We're very excited for the conversation and discussions I'd like to begin from the national policy perspective and start with Dr. Hoda I would like to ask you, what does a digitally -imparted citizen mean in the context of Egypt's digital transformation agenda and can you share some examples of how that vision is being translated.
Dr. Hoda Baraka
Thank you very much, Alik. Thank you, everyone, and good morning. Very, very early good morning. But thanks God that we have also some people coming to attend this important session. I think digital citizenship is one of the most evolving definitions now with all what is happening in new technologies emerging, especially with artificial intelligence. And I think 20 years ago with WSIS, when we started this WSIS initiative, we were only thinking about the access part and how to be all connected to the Internet. I think currently things are a little bit different than what we thought about 25 years ago, and definitely we are. We need to rethink once again. What is the definition of digital citizenship and what does it include? I think in Egypt especially, we think about digitally empowered citizen is someone who can access, understand, use, create, and benefit from digital technologies. This was maybe the early part of the definition of digital citizenship, but now very important to add to this definition in a safe, ethical, productive, and inclusive manner. I think everywhere now we hear the word ethical. Ethical is becoming very, very important in everything that we are doing, especially with the emerging of applied and artificial intelligence in all applications. around us. So what we are doing in Egypt for digital citizenship, I think we are... having multiple layers of intervention. The first one is about digital access and inclusion. And this is basically what we have in our Digital Egypt program, and this is the Digital Egypt agenda with nationwide digital infrastructure, and what we actually measure is how far is the digital infrastructure has reached out to the villages, especially the rural areas. This is really very important. From the other side, we have digital government services, and this is something that we all know that we want to measure our KPIs against how many services are online, how many services can be used by the public. So this is something that usually we define it by e -government program, and now by digital transformation. And it is continuing to be part of. our digital citizenship. Then we think that capacity building is very important, so we have the digital literacy programs, and this is important because you need to make sure that the citizens are capable, actually, to use the digital services, to use the Internet. And then we started thinking about what about students in schools, especially how to prepare them for the new emerging technologies. So we have digital future programs for digital skills, and we have two important initiatives, one at the level of primary elementary schools called DEMI, Digital Egypt Marvel Schools, and also Digital Egypt Cubs Initiative. This is for grade 7 to grade 11 schools. Of course, we cannot just wait until we finish our high school and then go to the University without being prepared also for the new AI and advanced technology capacity building program. So we have a series of capacity building programs that is targeting university students and also even graduates and even we think about public servants. So this is important because AI now is used by everyone and just we need to make sure that everyone is capable actually of using this technology. To finalize this part of capacity building, we have an initiative that is really very important related to digital citizenship and online safety. Because again, at the end of the day, it's very important that you provide all the tools. In the hands of children, in the hands of students, in the hands of university graduates, but at the end of the day, there are a lot of challenges that we need to make sure that they are ready also for these challenges. Misinformation, deepfake, trust their private data. There are a lot of threats regarding especially artificial intelligence use. So digital citizenship and internet safety initiative is all about making sure that we are actually addressing different segments of communities from children to women to adults to parents to educators to make sure that they are capable actually to understand not only how to use the technology, but actually how to protect themselves and protect their children from the different threats coming with. This new emerging technology. We do not forget also PWM. So we have a center for making sure that all the PWGs are also included and are part of this transformation in technology so they can also use the latest technology provided by AI to empower them, to make them included in the society. So digital citizenship is about empowerment, basically. It is not only about making them aware of what is there, but actually to make sure that this technology is empowering all segments of the society in a safe and ethical way.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you, Dr. Hoda, for giving us that foundation to kind of continue the conversation. And as you illustrated, turning that vision of having ethically safe and productive kind of digital societies requires in reality helping people navigate and encounter the information and things that they encounter every day online. And so I would like to turn to Dr. Abeer and ask her to share about the fact of like as misinformation and online manipulation becomes more complex in today's world with AI, what shifts are needed and how we design capacity building efforts nowadays.
Dr. Abeer Shakweer
Thank you. Thank you Alik for the question and good morning everyone. And I think that the biggest shift that we need to make is to move from simply working on combating misinformation. To strengthen information integrity, which means that. I'm not sure I don't think this one is Is it working? It's not working Is this one better? Test, test, test okay so you're hearing me now? Okay so I think the first thing that the shift that we need to make Is to move from just combating misinformation to strengthen information integrity which means that we need to go beyond just detecting misinformation to As Dr. Hoda mentioned empowering citizens and making sure that they are equipped with the capacities, with the skills, with the critical thinking that's needed for them to navigate in the digital world and take informative decisions, especially with the increasing reliance on AI and also how AI is reshaping how information is created and shaped. Given this perspective and also our belief at UNDP that information integrity and access to trustworthy information is at the core of inclusive governance and sustainable development. In Egypt, we put together a very comprehensive program to work on strengthening information integrity. This program consists of three pillars. The first is addressing misinformation and disinformation, where we go beyond just awareness raising. And we started our work under this pillar with an assessment for the information ecosystem in Egypt. And we found out that we need a toolkit. For comparison, for youth and for journalists, because youth and journalists are the most categories of citizens that are engaged with creating and sharing information online. And of course, while we all have responsibility towards what we are sharing online, journalists specifically, given the nature of their jobs, they have bigger responsibility. So this toolkit was developed in Arabic and English, and it is the first toolkit for combating misinformation to be developed in Arabic. And we trained more than 120 youth on the toolkit, and 25 trainers on the toolkit for the journalists. So this is the first pillar. The second pillar is on innovation and the use of AI for combating misinformation. And we worked with innovators, entrepreneurs, and youth. to explore together how AI can impact the creation and sharing of information, but also how we can use it to limit or identify or restrict the spread of false information. And the third pillar is on capacity building, which is equally important, as also Dr. Hoda mentioned. And we have the capacity building component in every program that we work on with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and also with different stakeholders. So whether we are working on digital transformation or future intelligence, digital public infrastructure, we have a capacity building component and we have different target groups. So we build the capacities of the general public, also with youth and the government officials, because we want to make sure that everyone who is dealing with digital systems, whether they are developers or users, can deal with the system safely and responsibly. So ultimately, or to recap, we think that digital citizenship is not only about how to teach everyone what to fear online, but to equip them with the skills needed to safely and responsibly be able to engage with the digital world. Thank you.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you for that, Dr. Abeer. And thank you for, as you've kind of highlighted, building on those skills is one part of the picture. Another is ensuring that the digital systems and people that people use are designed to earn their trust on the outset. And I'd like to turn to Krisstina to kind of tell us, currently, as countries increasingly invest in digital public infrastructure, how can they ensure that the principles such as inclusion, privacy, and accountability are embedded by design? And not as an afterthought. Thank you.
Krisstina Rao
Thank you, Alik. Checking that you can hear me. Perfect. Hi, everyone. Good morning. I'm Krisatina, Senior Principal for Investments at CoDevelop. I am on a panel with the great honor where everyone's title and organization explains what they do. Mine doesn't. So I'm going to take 30 seconds to explain what we do. CoDevelop is a fund that works with almost 50 countries across the world now to help them develop digital public infrastructure safely and inclusively. The term digital public infrastructure is somehow just taken for granted. So I also want to take a second to explain that out. We believe that while governments are increasingly engaged with building more digital services and digitizing previously analog services, there's a lot of replication that takes place. So a tax department is building its own digital system. A transport department is building its own. We believe this is not only inefficient from a citizen perspective but it's also really expensive for governments also. So we are asking what are common services and what are infrastructural almost modules that governments can build that they can use across the government in a very horizontal way. That's what we refer to as DPI broadly. And to understand it more tangibly, it's essentially one ID. A citizen applies for one ID once, and they're able to use that for tax purposes, for transport purposes, for whatnot. And similarly, they also use payment services, and they can enable the exchange of their own data in a very consent -driven manner across these services. So, Alik, you already said a bunch of governments are already developing DPI. It's no longer a new concept. We're not here to try and convince governments that it's important. They've risen to the opportunity and the challenge that comes with it. What is a little bit challenging is trying to do this in a safe and inclusive way. And that's not because governments. Don't want to. It's simply because it's. It's hard to build infrastructure. Think of the roads and whether they are accessible to everyone. They're not, even in this day and age. So a little bit, some of the projects that we've been working on at CodevLab is try to engage with governments to, one, understand how they're building DPI. And it turns out they take a very use case perspective to say, hey, health is the use case that everyone seems to want to get on. We're going to build a health service and then make that accessible to many more services and departments across the government. And then we're trying to say how much of the population do we design for and how do we include those on the margins? Which is the way to do it? This is product service in government. We're realizing that there's two sort of signals that are coming through this process. One is governments are realizing they can't do this alone. They're realizing that infrastructure development is overwhelming. It's way more complex than just digitizing a certain. vertical service. They need a lot of partnerships and they need a lot of collaborations, not only from their own domestic private sectors potentially, but also from stakeholders that can lead them towards more inclusion, greater safety, more accountability. So this idea around multi stakeholder collaboration is really emerging from governments. And second, they're also saying the DPI that they're building is not really going to be successful unless everyone's using it. If a government has to spend both on building and making useful DPI, as well as the analog service, it's again really expensive. So they're not building for everyone. They're just, they might as well not build. Them realizing this, that adoption and inclusion are basically two sides of the same coin for them, has been a really strong signal that also has created a lot of urgency for who do we get into the room. How early do we get them into the room? And how do we design the stable where the designing happens? So to now, that's a long -winded way to say a leak to your question. I think a lot of whether or not governments can design safely, inclusively, with greater accountability matters. How soon they include these stakeholders early on in the table. And Code Develop has been putting a lot of thought into this alongside our partners. And we are, in fact, next month launching, if everything goes well, launching a guide for multi -stakeholder collaborations in governments. This is not to say it's a new idea. Multi -stakeholder collaboration is an idea that's well thought of by governments. It's well tested. It's also been shunned with due rationale because it's challenging to implement. But some governments are showing us the way. Brazil, for example, with their. payment system has a whole PICS forum they've set up. Ethiopia did a really early collaboration with the UNHCR to make sure that their ID system speaks to the refugee registry and is directly accessible to a segment of the population that is otherwise ignored. We realize that these are examples that could be useful as a sort of peer learning resource for several other governments. And there's also formats that some governments have tested out that work better than others. So setting up a committee as opposed to always doing a public consultation, things like that. So I hope you will access the guide when it is out. And this is a resource that Codevelop can make accessible. Thank you.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you so much, Krisstina, for that. I'm looking forward to see the guidebook. I think as you've highlighted, the building inclusive digital public infrastructures is really complex and really requires a lot of different people and stakeholders to be involved. I'd like to Dr. Chafic. We often talk about digital citizenship in terms of the skills and the capacity building, but from the perspective of the technical community, I would like to, if you can tell us how you see trusted and resilient infrastructure help create more empowered and confident digital citizens.
Dr. Chafic Chaya
Thank you so much. First, marhaba. Good morning. Thank you for the invitation. I think this question is very important because often the digital citizenship is often framed on individual behavior. That means how we can stay safe online, how we can protect our data, how we can avoid misinformation, etc. These all are important, but it's not enough to be a digital citizenship. I couldn't agree more with Dr. Abeer, with Dr. Hoda, and with Krisstina about the infrastructure, about the inclusivity, about the multi -stakeholder. But all these couldn't be done without one engine, the internet. If we have the most powerful AI platform, we don't have connectivity. We are wasting our time and our money. So that's why a digital citizen is not a citizen that only knows how to use technology. He should know how to participate online. He should have resilient connectivity. He should have a reliable platform. He should have a safety, a secure, and vulnerable networks. One of the examples that we all have in our daily life, if I want to access any online platform, it's not secure. I will not access it anymore. I will lose trust. If I don't have connectivity, I'm offline. So this couldn't be an added value for a digital citizenship. That's why to have this capacity for this citizen, we need to have to give him the capacity building, to give him the basic of the internet and digital environment that he is working with. With this, he can get connectivity, he can be responsible, and he can be a safer user. So, when we speak about the digital citizenship, we should not separate the citizen, him or her, from the infrastructure. This is a very challenging issue in the global south. I'm coming from Lebanon, I'm based in UAE, and we have really a gap between the development countries and the wealthy countries. But what we see there is that we have a the access is expanding very fast. But on the other side, we see that the resilient and capacity building is not keeping pace. And this is an issue. Once again, to have an empowered, an empowerful digital citizenship, we need to give him all the tools, including a safe, resilient, and sustainable internet infrastructure.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you so much, Dr. Chafic. So we've talked about the skills, the design, and the infrastructure. Another essential part of the picture is the governance that shapes the digital ecosystem. I would like to head over to Your Excellency, Lara. Regulators have a key role in shaping the digital ecosystem. In your view, what is the single most important thing regulators can do to help build a trusted and inclusive digital spaces?
Her Excellency Lara Al-Khateeb
Good morning. Can you hear me? Thank you for the question. I think the rapid enhancement in technology in general and AI in specific brings us lots of opportunities, but however it also comes with lots of threats and challenges. From a regulatory perspective, I think the most important thing is that when you look at regulating something new, it's very important to understand that this regulation has to be flexible and it should adapt to all the technological advances that happen after you have the regulatory document. In Jordan, what we do is that we, maybe because we are in the Middle East, so there are many technologies that we are not leading in, but we are following. So benchmarking and studying how other governments have done it helps a lot in ensuring that the regulation that we have actually addresses the challenges that other countries have had before us. So this is key. Another thing would be consulting with stakeholders. So this is very important. We always make sure that our regulations are transparent, they are published, and we give people enough time and institutions to send us their comments on these regulations so that we can bridge the gap between something that is drafted in theory and what is actually applicable in real life. So multi -stakeholder engagement is key, of course. What we are also doing is that we have recently been looking at regulations from, let's say, we are reverse engineering things. So we look at the technology and what can actually be applied in terms of the technological solutions that we have to decrease the challenges today in the rapid enhancing environment, and we ensure that the regulations actually reflect some things that can be amended and can be applied in real life. So, for example, today I'm heading a committee for child protection online. What we have done is we first started with the telecom operators that we have to see what kind of technologies that they have to support this project. Then we talked to international platforms to see how they actually interact and engage with these operators so that we can have a regulation that can actually be applied on the ground. So this is one of the main things. Of course, we always have to make sure that data protection is key. We have to make sure that we work hand -in -hand with cybersecurity agencies to ensure that all the technological advances also have the security that is required. And probably to conclude, I would say that awareness is also something very important. The more awareness sessions we have, the more material we have online that is accessible to everybody in a very easy -to -understand language, maybe through videos, through audios, to enable people to understand the challenges and also to understand that having technology is a great opportunity, but it comes with its challenges. We try to address different categories of challenges. of citizens in Jordan to make sure that the awareness campaigns that we have addresses each category in specific, whether it's kids, whether it's women, whether it's people in business or, for example, SMEs. So this is also key when we are developing the awareness campaigns as well. Thank you.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you very much Your Excellency and one thing so ultimately a lot of the things that we talked about the efforts related to legislation, governance, skills infrastructure all of these efforts are supposed to translate to better outcomes for the people and communities that they are serving and very often we see that young people are kind of leading that change and here I would like to turn to Nicholas as research has shown that young people often play a very important role in helping their families navigate digital services. Can you tell us from your experience how can we better recognize and support youth as enablers for digital inclusion within their communities?
Nicholas Field
Yeah, absolutely. It's a very important question, and I think we've already heard from both Dr. Abeer and Dr. Hoda about youth and their role that we're trying to activate these key stakeholders in the discussion. We at DataStore Initiative have done some research, first with the Omidyar Network in the United States called the Data for Futures Campaign, where we spoke with young people in youth labs and engaged with them to hear what they thought about data governance and as a follow -up last year we did a project with UNICEF around the Innocency Program with the EdTech and FinTech and hearing about young people and their engagement with these technologies. And the overall message that I have heard from young people is they're ready. They want to be engaged. They want to have their voices heard. They're oftentimes excluded from the conversation or an afterthought, but really, and I hate to think of them as in -household IT support, but that's what they are. If you've seen this in your own households, there's oftentimes this intergenerational dialogue that occurs. We're not going to get into the details of this, but I think it's important to understand that we're not going to be able to do this where the young people are really helping their older counterparts to adopt these technologies. So it's interesting because the young people themselves don't often hear about these initiatives. They're often the last to find out about them. So first of all, governments need to do a good job of trying to engage with young people, how they communicate. You know, I heard Dr. Abeer talk about young people sharing things online earlier. They're the most likely stakeholder group to do so. Well, who's doing that? Is it influencers? Is it through YouTube? Is it through podcasts? Do governments try to make outreach on those avenues? A lot of times I'd say they go through traditional media outlets, whether that be TV or newspapers or speeches. So we have to engage with young people on how they consume information as well. I think that's super important when we look at this. I think also we'll go to Dr. Hoda's point about kind of capacity building and these digital initiatives. They're super important. But are we teaching the teachers about AI? How can teachers realistically teach AI to the next generation if they themselves don't understand it? So I think these initiatives that you mentioned are really important because we also have to upscale the teachers who are going to teach this next generation. And we at Datasphere recently did a training exactly with this kind in Barcelona where we spoke with university professors from around the world and tried to upscale them on digital government and AI. And the overarching message that I received there also was there is no generalized policy. Universities themselves don't know how to engage with AI. They don't know how to give guidance on AI. So it's not really realistic to expect students not to use the tool, right? They're going to use any tool that's available to them. We as the adults in the room have to really define what are the parameters for using these AI, whether in an educational setting, whether in your personal life. I think there's a lot of onus on young people to kind of be this, the change that we want them to be. But how can we really give them the tools to succeed? And I think, you know, overall. Well, they can play a key role in adopting DPI because, you know, even in a good success rate, like I'm going to talk later about the French sandbox, there's only 4 million people that have adopted this out of 70 million, and that's considered a success. So I think we have to also define the parameters for success of what DPI adoption rates are and how can we engage with young people to really kind of catch wildfire. Like we know that going viral is a thing, so how can we make DPI go viral also? Thank you.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you for that, Nicholas. And, yeah, so we've kind of heard about the different building blocks of digital citizenship. I'd now like to shift the conversation towards how we can sustain digital citizenship as technology continues to evolve. And, Nicholas, I'll stay with you one more time since you mentioned the sandbox as well. Can you tell us from your experience how can sandboxes help policymakers and technology providers build digital citizenship?
Nicholas Field
Yeah, I mean, I think there's a lot of digital services that are built into the sandbox. both innovative and responsive to citizens. Thank you. Yeah, absolutely. So sandboxes are kind of the bread and butter of Datasphere. We do a lot of research on sandboxes. We recently published a report on DPI use of sandboxes. We've mapped about 16 of them worldwide that have kind of, from India, from Brazil to Europe, they're kind of spread out in terms of what they're using. And for those of you who don't know what a sandbox is, because it's a word that gets thrown out there a lot of times.
Alik Mikaelian
Yeah, it's a buzzword, right?
Nicholas Field
Right, they're technical infrastructures that have a specific learning goal in mind over a specific time period. So sandboxes aren't just kind of indefinite projects that go on and on forever. They're meant to solve specific problems. We at Datasphere like to say they're a bit like Marvel characters. Everyone has their own origin story, their own enemies, their own background stories, and they're trying to solve a specific issue. But overall, sandboxes are about building trust, both between regulators, the private sector, and citizens. And also about safe experimentation. And they're supposed to be agile spaces where you can do a lot of things. You can kind of add new elements in quickly. Now, I wanted to highlight two kind of concrete examples just to kind of make it a little bit more concrete. So we have the French identity sandbox, which I mentioned earlier, which has since kind of turned into the EU digital ID wallet. So originally, the French had this sandbox. And like many countries, you want to access your digital documents. Like, for instance, my wife is French. And whenever I need to get a marriage certificate, she has to go through France Connect to do so. So she logs in with the post office app or with her Amelie, which is the health care system. And she's able to request these documents from the government. Now, she complains a lot about the system and how it works. But maybe that's because she's French. I'm not sure. But in reality, this was developed out of a sandbox. It's a technical infrastructure that the French government provided for companies to come and check out. Now, this has since grown into an EU digital ID wallet. And what that is is it allows companies from across Europe to have an interoperable space where if you kind of have digital public infrastructure around payments or around national ID documents, health care. It's a one -stop shop. And companies can come and test their products. And the example that came out of the research was imagine that you're going to the Louvre and you want to get a discount for being European. Well, they have an integration where if you're European, you can apply and verify that you are and get the discount. That's like the concrete example that came out of that specific sandbox that they like to tout. I don't think it's actually come out yet. But, you know, it's an idea of what the sandbox can do. The other one, I would say, is the GovStack interoperability sandbox. And that's with the ITU, which is generously hosting us today, the German government, the Estonians, Digital Impact Alliance, GIZ. And it's brought together all of these actors. And what that one does is it provides a secure technical IT environment, which allows for documents, ID, consent, registers, messaging, and workflow all to be tested. And that one focused on actual building blocks, like technical building blocks that can be applied across various government agencies. Again, the focus is on interoperability. Digital spaces, digitally to test these technologies. see how they work with synthetic data so if you're looking at the idea from someone from Estonia and how it will work in the German system, how is it actually going to work how can you actually test these technologies before they're rolled out and what these do is they provide trust so that afterwards citizens can say okay, this has actually been a tested verified solution, but I think this is actually a role that civil society and academia really need to play when it comes to sandboxes because sandboxes should not become a black box we want the results of these sandboxes to be reported on, it can't just be that it's a public -private partnership and then the government and private sector tells us hey, it's all great, we did all this work and this is how it works we need to have a neutral kind of third party actor to report on these results as well so I think that's where in terms of inclusion including civil society, including academia or like citizen groups who are interested in getting those people involved early as stakeholders is really important for sandboxes.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you so much for highlighting the important role of sandboxes I'd like to explore this idea further of moving from policies and from governance to this more of an experimentation and implementation phase Dr. Abeer, from UNDP's experience what does it take to move from digital strategies and principles to real institutional change when it comes to digital citizenship?
Dr. Abeer Shakweer
Thank you Well, to answer this question, Alik, I think one of the most important things that we need to recognize is that building a trusted digital ecosystem requires investment in institutional readiness assessment as much as we invest in technology development And here, UNDP, we have several tools to support organizations to assess their digital readiness or also to support organizations to assess their digital readiness or also AI readiness and those tools, they develop organizations organizations to look or have a holistic look at where do they stand at their digital transformation journey and develop a roadmap for putting those priorities or the digital ambitions into concrete actions. And in Egypt, we work with the Ministry of Justice on assessing the digital readiness assessment for the ministry. And also, we started to work with the National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority on assessing their digital readiness and also AI readiness assessment. And we don't only stop at assessing the digital maturity of organizations, but we also provide them with recommendations on priority areas where they need to pour additional investment or where they need to coordinate or where they need to collaborate to enhance the efficiency or the outcomes of the digital systems for the organization itself and for the citizens. But again, readiness assessment is only one part of a bigger picture or a bigger approach. And again, I would like to mention what I stressed on earlier, which is capacity building, because we need to make sure that organizations are able to not only learn and adapt, but also to create knowledge. And here, because we are talking about institutional readiness assessment, I would like to refer to the capacity building programs that we are delivering to government officials. And last month, just as an example, we had a very important series of capacity building programs with the Ministry of ICT, with the Egyptian Responsible AI Center, with the Data Protection Center and the NTRA on practical use of AI or responsible AI and how to use it. And how to assess the risks and opportunities. And earlier this year, we have a very strong partnership with the GSMA, where we also delivered several capacity -building programs on big data and AI. And this was for high -level policymakers, not only from Egypt, but also from Africa and the Arab region. So I mean that the readiness assessment or to transfer strategies into actual work on the ground, this is not only about one project or one technology. It's about how to create institutions that are able to learn, adapt, and collaborate. Thank you.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you so much, Dr. Abeer. I think it's safe to say that few technologies have tested institutional agility quite like AI. And I'd like to move to Your Excellency, Lara. As technologies like AI continue to evolve, can you tell us from your experience, how can regulators ensure that government frameworks keep pace with innovation while remaining responsive to citizens' needs?
Her Excellency Lara Al-Khateeb
Thank you. I think as I mentioned before first of all awareness is key awareness for stakeholders awareness for everybody who is using the technology and also regulating the technology when it comes to AI it's really important that the regulations that we put in place have the agility to follow the technological advances that happen in AI and I think as my co -intervenants also have mentioned it's important that people who use this technology or people who are responsible for this technology regardless of their age regardless of their position in the government it's very important that they actually understand what AI is instead of discouraging their teams to use AI I think it's important that they should encourage them to use AI because it's a very powerful tool it saves time and it gives you resources that you can apply in your day to day work but it's also very crucial that they actually learn how to use it in a real time responsible manner, in an ethical manner, and also try to get all the benefits of this technology and focus on this part. So I think because we see lots of, especially educational institutions, banning the use of AI, and I think this is the wrong way of doing it. So it's very important that we encourage people to use AI, but to use it responsibly. One of the main things is that you should always check the sources of the information that you are getting. For example, this is a very important thing. And today in the TRC, we rely on AI on several things. We have some of the AI that is not connected to the Internet. It's an internal system where we upload all the regulations, all the decisions, everything that we have, and we use this tool to enable us to get with creative solutions for issues that we have that are already regulated in different policies and strategies. We also encourage using AI that is connected to the Internet, but as I said, responsibly. So it's very important that there are policies in place. There are regulations in place. We cannot say that we don't want to do this. We don't want to overregulate it. But the highlight is to enable people to use this with the best, let's say, outlook on the outcome that comes out of the AI. We should also not lose sight of protecting the data. And as I mentioned before, also cybersecurity is a key. But enabling the use of AI, I think, is the way forward.
Alik Mikaelian
Thank you so much, Your Excellency. Staying with AI, I'd like to return to the national policy perspective. Dr. Hoda, as AI becomes increasingly embedded in people's everyday life, what do you see the role of responsible AI frameworks and ethical guidelines playing in building trust and inclusive digital societies?
Dr. Hoda Baraka
Thank you. Well, thank you, Alik. I think today we have the opening of a very important event. the UN global dialogue. It's about AI governance at the end of the day. So a big debate is currently ongoing and still ongoing and will continue to go for how actually we can make sure that we are using AI in a responsible manner. How can we make the governance of AI not only at the national level but actually on the international and global level? Especially for global south countries, I think that AI governance is becoming one of the most important issues for our countries and whatever we are trying to do at the national level, it needs to come up with a more global policy dialogue that actually can help global south countries understand. And for combating and for actually democratizing artificial intelligence resources and tools. What we are doing in Egypt is fine. I mean, at the national level, you can put whatever policies you want to do. You can have the ethical charter published. You can have a governance framework. You can have guidelines that help actually developers, the deployers to use responsibly and ethically AI systems. We even have a procurement guidelines to help public institutions to make their RFP for procurement of AI systems. This is really very, very good to have. And this is just a foundation of a bunch of policies and guidelines that is also very essential, very important, but it is not enough. Why it is not enough? Because I will go back to Nicholas, saying that it's good to have AI systems, but it's also good to have this all fundamental and foundational. But at the end of the day, you need to make sure that your developers, your government institutions can understand what does it mean actually to have a pre -deployment, post -deployment, what is Huderia framework, what is Nest framework, what is all of these frameworks that is going on currently in different parts of the world. And that we are actually trying to customize it and localize it to our own national priorities. But at the end of the day, this is a very nice document. Okay, so what can we do after that? So that's why we are starting now on the AI audit lab. I am not saying that it is the sandbox yet, because even to have a sandbox, you need to have capacity building around sandboxes. And how actually you use sandboxes. For AI systems. And to start with, you have all these principles that we are all aligned with. So bias, non -bias, fairness, accountability, transparency, open AI system, interoperable, all these 10 principles that are published since I think 2019 or 2020 by the OECD and by the UNESCO. But at the end of the day, you need to have the tools that can help you actually to actually see that this AI system is fair. It is not biased. It is accountable. It is explainable. And that's why the AI Audit Lab that we are starting to establish with the help of the UNDP and also with the GSMA, like Dr. Abeer mentioned, and with GIZ and with WebSphere, we've started a series of workshops to understand how can you actually build this sandbox in a proper way that can be used. be understandable by our programmers, by the developers, by the small and medium enterprises? How can they help us and we help them so that we can really build a safe, responsible, ethical AI system? So I think this is very important to move from the foundational theoretical academic part to the implementation and the applicability part in the real world. I think this is the evidence that we are all looking for so that we can say really that AI systems are ethical, responsible, and actually can help the good. We are also in the AI for good event. So it is important that we see this good happening realistically on the ground. I think this is what we are trying to do in Egypt. In addition, of course... to make sure that our children are safe. So this is also another collaboration that we are doing with UNICEF. We started with child online safety, but now it's about AI child online safety. So this is also something very important. But at the end of the day, citizens need to understand that they have to also make sure that they are protected and they trust the system. And if we don't have the policies, if we don't have some guidelines published, they will not have this kind of trust. So the first step in that trust, we see that the EU, for example, they already have the EU AI Act. Others, they have sectoral regulations. Other countries, they have guidelines that are general without a law. There are different ways, actually, for governance that we need to consider. And that's what we're trying to do. In Egypt, we take the balanced way. So we need to balance between innovation, helping our small and medium enterprises to innovate, to create, and at the same time, we need to actually to protect our community and our society. I will stop here. Thank you so much.
Alik Mikaelian
Unfortunately, we've gone way out of time. And we have two more questions, but I'm guessing we... Okay. Okay. Okay. Thank you. I'm so sorry. But if anyone has any more questions, I hope you are around and we can connect. And I'm really sorry, Dr. Chafic and Krisstina. Thank you.
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1

This is supported by multiple knowledge-base sources that distinguish access from effective use and participation. [S28] defines the digital divide across access, use, and appropriation, while [S63] says inclusion must go beyond technical access to include skills, enabling policy environments, and participation. [S27] similarly argues digital literacy must extend beyond basic ICT skills to critical assessment, values, and responsible digital citizenship.

2

The knowledge base does not directly confirm the 5.6 billion figure, but it provides adjacent connectivity statistics showing why access alone is an incomplete measure. [S99] cites data that about 95% of the world’s population has broadband available, yet around 2 to 2.1 billion people who could be online are still not online, highlighting the usage gap. [S98] also cites ITU-related discussion that 2.6 billion people still lack access.

3

This is well aligned with the knowledge base. [S100] stresses a trusted Internet, infrastructure investment, human capacity, and supportive governance involving businesses, civil society, governments, and the technical community. [S103] also confirms that multistakeholder collaboration is essential for digital development and internet governance.

4

The knowledge base supports this framing. [S63] explains that WSIS strongly linked digital policy with development and that inclusion has since evolved beyond a narrow focus on technical access. It explicitly says WSIS helped move beyond understanding inclusion solely as internet access.

5

This is broadly corroborated by [S81], which states that Egypt extended infrastructure into rural places and brought 12 million people online, with roughly 82% of the population online. [S29] also describes Egyptian digital inclusion efforts reaching women and girls in rural and underserved areas.

6

The knowledge base supports Egypt’s strong digital government orientation but adds nuance. [S104] notes that Egypt is pursuing digital transformation-related platforms and systems in trade and product information, while mentioning that countries with 100% of digital government services online can more easily pilot interoperability frameworks. This does not directly confirm the usage-focused claim, but it supports the broader digital-government context.

7

The knowledge base confirms the broader importance of this approach and provides examples of Egyptian skills and inclusion initiatives, though not the exact programme names listed in the report. [S29] describes Egyptian e-learning and ICT-for-women capacity-building initiatives, and [S81] stresses the importance of world-class skills development for regulators, engineers, and parliamentarians.

8

The knowledge base supports these concerns. [S81] specifically highlights the harms of deepfakes, particularly for women, and the need for accountability mechanisms. [S27] also identifies fake news, threats to privacy, and harmful online content as core digital literacy and safety issues.

9

The knowledge base does not confirm that exact target list, but it strongly supports the focus on women, children, and educators. [S27] centres educators and children in digital literacy, while [S29] and [S105] document Egyptian initiatives aimed at women and vulnerable groups.

10

No direct confirmation of disability-specific Egyptian programmes appears in the provided sources, but the broader inclusion rationale is supported. [S63] explicitly lists persons with disabilities among groups that remain more excluded and marginalised online, reinforcing the importance of such measures.

11

This is consistent with the knowledge base emphasis on critical literacy rather than only reactive content control. [S27] defines digital literacy as including critical assessment, smart use, and rights and responsibilities. [S94] also says young people need critical thinking to engage thoughtfully with AI and social media, where misinformation spreads quickly.

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Working group on education: Digital skills for life and work — ICTs now augment many different aspects of ‘traditional’ citizenship, ...
Digital citizenship, integration, and participation — The objective of the session was to discuss the meaning of digital citizenship; define the level of e-accessibility, obstacles, and risks; and explore issues such as the creation of secure digital identity and of a borde...
20 Keywords for the Digital 2020s: A Digital Policy Prediction Dictionary — The United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) is working on building a digital ecosystem for the planet that aims to provide a governance framework for co-operation across businesses, governments, academia, and inter...
Digital inclusion by design: Leveraging existing infrastructure to leave no one behind — Co-organisers & host The event is co-organised by the Universal Postal Union (UPU), Giga, and DiploFoundation. It is hosted by the Giga Connectivity Centre in Geneva. AI Agents These AI agents are...
15 years of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) — The same applies to human rights, tech, commercial, and other communities. The key will be to nurture boundary spanners via training, organisational architecture, and the like. The IGF Plus proposal includes a Cooperat...
The year of AI clarity: 10 AI Forecasts for 2025 — China: China has implemented strict regulations requiring platforms to label AI-generated content, especially deepfakes, and to obtain consent from individuals before using their likenesses. Which practices do social ...
Digital governance: Who is picking up the phone? — Like earthquakes, it is difficult to predict where such issues will emerge, or prevent them. But, as with earthquakes, we have to prepare to deal with their consequences. The Panel’s proposals for dealing with ‘digital u...
Meaningful Youth Engagement in Policy and Decision-making Processes | Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 3 — Kigali, 2022) of the World Telecommunication Development Conference.PROGRAMME OF ACTIONOF THE INTERNATIONALCONFERENCE ONPOPULATION ANDDEVELOPMENTHigh-Level Commissionon the NairobiSummitProvides high-level leadership and...
Diplomatic policy analysis — Overdependence on algorithms without critical human oversight can lead to biased or incomplete conclusions, particularly in complex, nuanced scenarios. Digital divides: Not all countries have equal access to advanced an...
From Principles to Practice: Operationalizing Multistakeholder Governance — The actual governance process is happening outside of this room, it's happening after the event, it's happening at the local, the regional levels... it's not only to have a seat at the table at negotiations and discussio...
Is it the future yet? — These range across all 17 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and could potentially help hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Real-life examples show AI already being applied to some degree in about ...
Ethics and AI | Part 6 — Mechanisms should be put in place afterwards to allow for external feedback on any potential infringement of fundamental rights. Human agency should be ensured, i.e. users should be able to understand and interact with...
The open-source gambit: How America plans to outpace AI rivals by democratising tech — Most likely, this provision will affect states like California that have moved forward with AI regulatory frameworks. It can set new tensions in the triangle between the White House, Silicon Valley, and California author...
Open Forum: A Primer on AI — One argument raised is that AI has the potential to perpetuate existing inequalities. It is suggested that AI systems analysing resumes based on existing employee patterns may only forward candidates who fit the existing...
Pre 8: IGF Youth Track: AI empowering education through dialogue to implementation – Follow-up to the AI Action Summit declaration from youth — It's important to understand that AI can be used as a facilitator to bridge the digital divide rather than something that deepens it. Preuves Examples of AI facilitating learning in communities with hard-to-reach ac...
From summer disillusionment to autumn clarity: Ten lessons for AI — Table: Survey of AI risks evolution August 2023 August 2024 August 2025` Longtermism, the philosophy of focusing on far-future risks, has gained significant influence. Many academics and promi...
WS #110 AI Innovation Responsible Development Ethical Imperatives — and most of the time it's the big companies who control the technology, who know how to use it, implement it well actually the regulators are lagging behind to regulate so there's some kind of gaps between the technologi...
Digital citizenship, integration, and participation — Models should define digital citizenship and distinguish it from digital residency as well as define digital inclusion and how to address the disadvantaged to improve digital participation and regulating competition. A...
Digital literacy for digital natives — Since its creation, the Internet has been regarded as a world of opportunities. Whereas it gives access to information, knowledge, and ideas, and contributes to faster communication and new business models, online engage...
The importance of being Earnest, a good internet citizen — Session page https://www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/content/igf-2021-ws-245-the-importance-of-being-earnest-a-good-internet-citizen The internet is constantly growing and every day new users are coming online. The pand...
Open Forum #21 Leveraging Citizen Data for Inclusive Digital Governance — It warns against exploitative approaches that extract value from citizen participation without providing benefits back to participants, advocating instead for genuine partnership and shared value creation. Preuves D...
Top digital policy developments in 2019: A year in review — If security and privacy considerations are properly addressed these developments hold considerable promise. World Bank’s ID4D initiative The World Bank’s Identification for Development (ID4D) initiative is helping cou...
High-Level Dialogue: The role of parliaments in shaping our digital future — This includes both physical infrastructure like fiber cables and programs that bring people online. Preuves In Egypt we have been able last year to bring 12 million people online. We have infrastructure that is exte...
A Global Digital Compact - an Open, Free and Secure Digital Future for All | Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 5  — The 2022 Kigali Declaration, agreed at the ITU World Telecommunication Development Conference, details what that involves: available, interoperable, quality and sustainable infrastructure, inclusive, affordable and secur...
WS #86 The Role of Citizens: Informing and Maintaining e-Government — Preuves Example of Egypt's Governmental Innovation Lab Point majeur de discussion Addressing needs of vulnerable populations in e-government design P PeiChin Tay Speech speed 147 words per minute S...
WSIS High-Level Dialogue: Multistakeholder Partnerships Driving Digital Transformation — So, we need major efforts in order to update our ICT infrastructure, and also, we need to have a complete, modern, and up-to-date ICT infrastructure, and also, we need to have a complete, modern, and up-to-date ICT infra...
Information Integrity on Digital Platforms | Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 8 — Younger users can speak from experience about the differentiated impact of various proposals and their potential flaws. They have also actively contributed to online advocacy and fact-checking efforts.See UNICEF, “Young ...
Breaking the Fake in the AI World: Staying Smart in the Age of Misinformation, Disinformation, Hate, and Deepfake — Elise Elena Mola: Challenging. I'm not sure if I speak for the younger audience but maybe within a decade, maybe internet presentations could be, obviously more of what, and very limited stonewall very challenging. You'v...
Lightning Talk #118 Building Resilience How We Fight Disinformation — This technological advancement represents a significant escalation in the disinformation threat landscape. Preuves AI enables low cost, high scale production and distribution of disinformation at a pace never seen b...
Digital sovereignty stack: Infrastructure, services, data, and AI knowledge — That means shifting the conversation from slogans to strategy: Build resilience in infrastructure (redundancy, diversified routes, trusted vendors) Regulate platforms by applying existing laws on content, commerce, ...
WS #98 Universal Principles Local Realities Multistakeholder Pathways for DPI — Preuves Trust cannot be written as standard or principle, people can be forced to use systems but won't get maximum benefit without trust Major discussion point Fundamental importance of public trust in DPI succes...
WS #294 AI Sandboxes Responsible Innovation in Developing Countries — This coordination is essential for operationalizing sandboxes effectively. Preuves AFICTA founded in 2012 with six countries, now covering 43 countries; members include ICT associations, companies, and individual pr...
Digital governance: Who is picking up the phone? — Like earthquakes, it is difficult to predict where such issues will emerge, or prevent them. But, as with earthquakes, we have to prepare to deal with their consequences. The Panel’s proposals for dealing with ‘digital u...
Open Forum #17 AI Regulation Insights From Parliaments — Preuves Recommends 'look after your children. Don't leave them alone with the screens. Don't do it' and explains the isolation process that leads to radicalization Major discussion point Youth Engagement and Futur...
Governing the digital age: AI, internet, and digital transformation — On 17 July 2025, Diplo and the Geneva Internet Platform welcomed a group of students from the Beijing Institute of Technology for a day-long course on 'Governing the digital age: AI, internet, and digital transformation'...
WS #234 AI Governance for Children's Global Citizenship Education — And if you want to introduce yourself first. No. AUDIENCE: Hello. Vicky Charisi: Yes. AUDIENCE: I am from the small island nation of Samoa. I was wondering. I see that you guys are touching a lot of bases ...
AI empowering smart citizens — The session AI Empowering Smart Citizens, moderated by Mr Alexandre Cadain (Co-Founder & CEO at ANIMA; XPRIZE Ambassador), stressed the need for strengthening and expanding smart cities and smart communities. The first s...
Access to the Internet is a Human Right — 60% of the world's population is not online. Michael Moller, Acting Director General of UNOG, was the first to raise the issue during his opening remarks at the launch of the Geneva Internet Platform (GIP) on 8th April. ...
‘UN declares Internet access a human right’ – did it really? — The added value of this Rapport, in fact, is that it refers to all states in general: whether Internet penetration is still low due to the lack of technological availability, slower Internet connections, and higher costs ...
Digital divides & Inclusion — Additionally, there is a need to invest in infrastructure and technology resources in developing countries. By improving connectivity and expanding access to the internet, more individuals will be able to bridge the digi...
Beyond development: connectivity as human rights enabler | IGF 2023 Town Hall #61 — IXPs, interconnection peering and community development and Thomas Lohninger there is the executive director of the digital rights epicenter works in Vienna Austria and also works a lot on net neutrality issues specifica...
Internet and Development: A Reality-Check — And if we want empowered users we must ensure a trusted Internet that respects privacy and protects our rights. All of the Internet’s stakeholders - businesses, civil society, governments, and the technical community -...
[Webinar summary] What is the role of the private sector towards a peaceful cyberspace? — In Dion’s opinion, the only way for governments to provide a certain level of security for users is to have a certain level of control, but rules governments want to impose in cyberspace would not be accepted even in the...
The Future of the Internet — A multi-stakeholder approach that facilitates the engagement and participation of all groups, including the civil society, women, and youth, will guarantee inclusiveness and address transformational development. The call...
Governments and Technical Community: A Successful Model of Multistakeholder Collaboration for Achieving the SDGs — He positions the session as a showcase of successful collaboration rather than just discussion of its importance. Preuves The session itself serves as a demonstration of this collaboration, with the MOU signing betw...
From data to impact: Digital Product Information Systems and the importance of traceability for global environmental governance — Because the inclusivity and ensuring... Yolanda Martinez: Sorry, Maria, just to, because we have two more people now, and I want to be respectful of the other colleagues for their intervention. Absolutely, Maria Tere...
Day 0 Event #142 Navigating Innovation and Risk in the Digital Realm — So we need to use the good part of it and report the bad part of it. And that's it for me. Thank you. Back to you, Hadia. HADIA ELMINIAWI: Thank you. And I see Mariam has her hand up. So Mariam, do you want to take ...
AI, automation, and human dignity: Reimagining work beyond the paycheck — The same question applies across domains. What should remain human, not because machines can't do it, but because human involvement itself matters? Where do we draw these lines, and who gets to draw them? The unequal t...

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