TSMC faces power supply challenges amid 2nm advancements

TSMC is advancing its 2nm chip production, but a significant challenge is emerging regarding power supply. A report from S&P indicates that the foundry’s electricity consumption could nearly triple by 2030, potentially accounting for 24% of Taiwan‘s total electricity usage. In 2023, TSMC consumed nearly 250 GW of electricity, representing 8% of the island’s total power and 16% of the industrial sector’s demand.

The slow growth in Taiwan’s power generation could hinder TSMC’s production, which relies heavily on energy. Projections suggest that by 2030, TSMC’s power consumption could rise to 794 GW, driven by a 90% increase in wafer shipments. The report highlights that advanced manufacturing processes, such as extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, require significantly more power than older systems.

Taiwan’s electricity reserve margin is falling short of the government’s target, currently below 15%. The Economic Daily News warns that if it drops below 10%, power supply stability could be compromised. Furthermore, Taiwan’s transition from coal and nuclear energy to natural gas and renewable sources might result in higher electricity prices, adding further pressure on the power supply.