Partnering on American AI Exports Powering the Future India AI Impact Summit 2026
20 Feb 2026 17:00h - 18:00h
Partnering on American AI Exports Powering the Future India AI Impact Summit 2026
Session at a glance
Summary
This discussion centered on deepening U.S.-India technology collaboration, particularly in AI and semiconductor supply chains, featuring government officials and industry leaders at an India AI Summit. The conversation highlighted the launch of “Pax Silica,” a new partnership initiative between the two nations aimed at securing critical technology supply chains and advancing AI cooperation.
Ambassador Sergio Gor emphasized the “limitless potential” of the U.S.-India partnership, noting the strong personal relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi as a key enabler for expanded collaboration over the next three years. Secretary Krishnan stressed the importance of building resilient supply chains with trusted partners who share common values, particularly in light of lessons learned during the pandemic and recent geopolitical upheavals.
Industry representatives provided concrete examples of this collaboration in action. Sanjay Mehrotra from Micron described the company’s $2.75 billion investment in India for semiconductor assembly and testing operations, complementing their U.S. manufacturing facilities. Dr. Randhir Thakur highlighted India’s significant role in global semiconductor design, with 20% of worldwide chip design conducted by Indian engineers, and noted over $25 billion in current semiconductor investments across 10 factories in India.
The discussion then shifted to the Trump administration’s American AI Export Program, presented by Michael Kratsios and further detailed by Commerce Department officials. This initiative aims to facilitate the export of America’s “AI stack” – including chips, models, and applications – to partner countries while supporting their development of sovereign AI capabilities. The program will work through industry-led consortia offering full-stack solutions to international buyers, with applications spanning healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing. Officials emphasized that the program is designed to provide flexibility and choice, allowing countries to select which components of the AI stack best meet their specific needs and sovereignty requirements.
Keypoints
Major Discussion Points:
– U.S.-India Technology Partnership and “Pax Silica” Initiative: The discussion centers around deepening technology collaboration between the United States and India, highlighted by the signing of the “Pax Silica” agreement aimed at creating resilient and secure supply chains in critical technology areas, particularly semiconductors and AI infrastructure.
– AI Export Program and Technology Stack Sharing: A significant focus on the newly announced American AI Export Program, which aims to share the “American AI stack” (including chips, models, and applications) with partner countries through industry-led consortia, enabling countries to build sovereign AI capabilities while maintaining strategic partnerships.
– Semiconductor Manufacturing and Supply Chain Resilience: Extensive discussion of semiconductor investments and manufacturing partnerships, including Micron’s $2.75 billion investment in India’s Gujarat facility and the broader goal of diversifying global supply chains away from single-point dependencies.
– AI Revolution and Economic Transformation: Speakers emphasized that the AI revolution is inevitable and transformative, comparing it to historical shifts like the transition from horse-and-buggy to automobiles, with particular focus on how AI will reshape industries from healthcare and education to manufacturing and agriculture.
– Sovereign AI Capabilities and National Champions: Discussion of how countries can develop their own AI capabilities while leveraging American technology foundations, allowing nations to build domestic champions and maintain control over their data and AI infrastructure.
Overall Purpose:
The discussion serves as a high-level diplomatic and business forum to announce and promote new U.S.-India technology partnerships, particularly the AI Export Program and Pax Silica initiative. The goal is to strengthen bilateral cooperation in AI and semiconductor technologies while positioning both countries as leaders in the global AI revolution and creating alternatives to China-dependent supply chains.
Overall Tone:
The tone is consistently optimistic, collaborative, and forward-looking throughout the discussion. Speakers emphasize “limitless potential,” mutual benefits, and shared democratic values. The atmosphere is celebratory regarding new partnerships and confident about technological progress. There’s a diplomatic warmth highlighting the personal relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi, and the tone remains enthusiastic and partnership-focused from beginning to end, with no notable shifts in sentiment.
Speakers
Speakers from the provided list:
– Secretary S. Krishnan – Secretary (specific department not mentioned)
– Jacob Helberg – Moderator/Discussion facilitator
– Ambassador Sergio Gor – U.S. Ambassador to India
– Sanjay Mehrotra – Works with Micron (global memory and storage leader)
– Dr. Randhir Thakur – Doctor/Expert in semiconductor and technology sector
– Moderator – Event moderator for various sessions
– Michael Kratsios – Head of delegation for the United States to the India AI Impact Summit, President Trump’s National Science and Technology Advisor, Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy
– Mr. Sriram Krishnan – Senior Advisor for Artificial Intelligence at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, Panel moderator
– William Kimmett – Department of Commerce Undersecretary for International Trade
– Brendan Remington – Department of Commerce Deputy Undersecretary for Policy at the International Trade Administration
Additional speakers:
– Mr. Jeetu Patel – President and Chief Product Officer, Cisco (mentioned at the end as upcoming keynote speaker)
Full session report
This discussion comprised multiple sessions focused on U.S.-India technology cooperation, featuring government officials and industry leaders discussing AI and semiconductor partnerships. The sessions included a panel discussion, a keynote by Michael Kratsios on the American AI Export Program, and a panel on AI export initiatives.
Opening Panel Discussion
The initial panel featured Ambassador Sergio Gor, Secretary S. Krishnan, and industry representatives discussing the foundation of U.S.-India technology cooperation. Ambassador Gor emphasized the “limitless potential” of the U.S.-India relationship, noting the personal relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi as a significant enabler. He observed with diplomatic candour that “for those colleagues of mine from Washington to understand the difference that it makes when our president likes you or he doesn’t like you,” suggesting this creates opportunities for enhanced cooperation over the next three years.
Secretary S. Krishnan outlined three key priorities: building infrastructure, focusing on innovation, and maintaining a spirit of partnership. He emphasized lessons learned from the pandemic and recent geopolitical upheavals, arguing for the need to “align and ally on lines which really work for people who share values” and avoid becoming “enslaved or tied down to just one dependence.”
Dr. Randhir Thakur provided context on India’s semiconductor capabilities, noting that Indian engineers conduct 20% of worldwide chip design and that India produces 1.5 million engineers annually. He highlighted dramatic growth in India’s semiconductor investments, growing from zero to over $25 billion across 10 factories in three years. Dr. Thakur also referenced a quote from “Undersecretary Halbert” that “the 20th century ran on oil and steel. The 21st century runs on compute and the minerals that feed it.”
Industry Investment Examples
Sanjay Mehrotra from Micron detailed the company’s $2.75 billion investment in assembly and test operations in Sanand, Gujarat, India. He explained that “memory is a critical enabler of AI” and that “if AI is driving, is the growth engine of the digital economy, then memory is the fuel.” Mehrotra described how Micron’s R&D facilities in India contribute to leading-edge memory design while manufacturing operations create synergies with U.S. facilities.
The discussion included references to partnerships with companies including Analog Devices, Qualcomm, Synopsys, Intel, and investments by Tata Electronics. Dr. Thakur noted that India produced $70 billion worth of mobile phones with $30 billion exported, demonstrating the country’s manufacturing capabilities.
Policy Context and Regulatory Changes
An important development mentioned was President Trump’s decision to rescind the Biden diffusion rule in his first week in office, making it easier for countries like India to access advanced semiconductor chips. This regulatory change was presented as facilitating enhanced technology cooperation.
The discussion also referenced the signing of the “Pax Silica” agreement, though specific implementation details were not elaborated in the transcript.
American AI Export Program Keynote
Michael Kratsios delivered remarks on the American AI Export Program, describing it as an initiative to share America’s “AI stack” globally while supporting partner countries’ sovereign AI capabilities. The program is designed around industry-led consortia offering full-stack solutions to international buyers.
Kratsios emphasized the program’s approach to “real AI sovereignty” – enabling the adoption and deployment of sovereign infrastructure, sovereign data, sovereign models, and sovereign policies within national borders under national control. He noted that this approach allows countries to build domestic champions on American technology infrastructure rather than viewing sovereignty and partnership as contradictory.
The program includes the modernization of the Peace Corps into the U.S. Tech Corps, which will embed volunteer technical talent with partner countries to provide implementation support. Financing mechanisms mentioned include new programs from the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation and Export-Import Bank.
AI Export Program Implementation Panel
Commerce Department officials William Kimmett and Brendan Remington provided details on program implementation. Kimmett explained that the Department of Commerce conducted a request for information process that generated significant industry interest and provided insights shaping the program design.
Remington emphasized the program’s flexibility, noting that “we hear about AI sovereignty a lot. And there are many different versions of this.” The program accommodates diverse national priorities, from countries wanting complete control over their data to those seeking transparency and choice in their AI implementations.
The officials highlighted applications in healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing, with particular focus on improving public services and economic outcomes in emerging markets through partnerships with ministries and government agencies.
Sovereign AI Capabilities and National Champions
The discussion included references to sovereign AI development, with specific mention of Sarvam’s new model launch as an example of sovereign AI capability. The program includes initiatives for AI agent standards and national champions development.
Sriram Krishnan specifically acknowledged students in the audience and their enthusiasm for AI, emphasizing the importance of the next generation in driving technological advancement.
Program Structure and Approach
The American AI Export Program is structured around industry consortia providing comprehensive solutions rather than individual technology transfers. This approach recognizes that successful AI deployment requires not just technology but also capacity building and institutional support.
The program acknowledges different types of AI sovereignty requirements, from village-level data centers to transparency needs, and is designed to accommodate these varying national priorities while maintaining integration with trusted international partners.
Conclusion
These sessions outlined a framework for U.S.-India cooperation in AI and semiconductor technologies, emphasizing shared democratic values while recognizing diverse sovereignty requirements. The combination of regulatory changes, investment commitments, and new export programs creates multiple pathways for enhanced technology cooperation.
The discussions emphasized that successful partnerships require enabling local capability building rather than creating dependency relationships. As these initiatives move forward, their success will depend on effective execution of the detailed mechanisms still being developed.
Note: The transcript appears to conclude mid-sentence with the introduction of Jeetu Patel from Cisco, suggesting additional content may have followed these recorded portions.
Session transcript
and resilient supply chain in these critical areas of technology which the world needs.
And that’s actually a great segue to shift to Ambassador Gore, who just arrived in India with a bang. Ambassador Gore, could you help us understand your vision for the opportunities that you see to deepen U.S.-India technology collaboration? Thank you.
Thank you, Jacob. Jacob, look, liberalist potential, those are the two words. And I truly mean it. As I’ve started traveling around this country, and I’ve been to multiple states already, what I have seen here, it’s such a natural partnership. And what the United States has with the best technology and with the innovation that we see here across India, this is a natural partnership. The President and the Prime Minister have a special relationship, and I mean that. And that goes a long way. And I think that’s a great point. I think that’s a great point. I think that’s a long way. You have great elements here in the sense of the technology, in the sense of the innovation.
and in the want. India wants to get involved. But also the magic touch is that special relationship between our two leaders. It’s a friendship that goes back many years. And for those colleagues of mine from Washington to understand the difference that it makes when our president likes you or he doesn’t like you. And with India, our president really, really, really likes the prime minister. And so that makes a huge difference for the next three years. Not only the administration, but the White House itself is open to engaging India. And one of those areas where we can further this to a record is this AI. It’s the technology sector. And so that’s something that I’ll be focused on over the next three years.
Thank you. Sanjay, could you help us understand a little bit, what does the partnership between America and India mean for the security of the supply chains of a company like Micron? Which obviously operates on a global scale.
First of all, Jacob, let me just say congratulations on this India and U.S. Paxilica signing today. This is certainly a tremendous initiative and wonderful to see the collaboration between the two great countries on the technology front, semiconductors, and, of course, resilient, secure supply chains. Micron, as I was mentioning earlier, a global memory and storage leader. And, of course, Micron is headquartered out of U.S., an American company, and Innovation Powerhouse, 60 ,000 -plus patents. We are here in India. We have R &D facilities here in India, absolutely contributing to leading -edge memory design. I should name Secretary Vaishnav earlier. Earlier. We earlier talked about two -nanometer designs. In memory, the most advanced designs in the world are also taking place here in India.
very much in collaboration with our teams in the U.S. So it’s an example, good example, of how we are advancing AI forward. Memory is a critical enabler of AI. Just think of it this way, that if, you know, AI is driving, is the growth engine of the digital economy, then memory is the fuel. And that fuel is being, you know, really developed, is manufactured between collaboration between U.S. and India here with R &D teams here, but also manufacturing. And that’s an important piece with Micron performing assembly and test operations here in the Sanand, Gujarat facility with investments, with the support from the Indian government, with $2 .75 billion of investments, with time that will result in, hundreds of millions of chips assembled and tested here.
And that complements Micron’s manufacturing plan. in the U.S. Actually, as you look at our manufacturing plants in the U.S. on the silicon side, as well as advanced packaging side, the work we’ll do here will complement that. It will add to it. It will contribute to it in terms of AI in manufacturing, in terms of automation in manufacturing, refining and making workflows related to manufacturing more efficient. This will be a win -win partnership with Micron’s investments in the U.S. getting the support and all the learnings of large -scale manufacturing of assembly and test operations here in India as well. So we are really looking forward to it. And it’s initiatives like Paxilica absolutely ensure that there is successful supply chain resiliency and security built in to continue to build the AI infrastructure and advance the technology.
And it’s
Thank you. And Dr. Thakur, could you help us understand a little bit better the special connection between heavy data center investments and edge technology like smartphones and connected vehicles, especially in emerging markets?
Well, thank you very much. And I first want to really congratulate on Paxilica at a personal level. It’s very exciting. We are doing this between our two countries. Truth be told, for my PhD, I went to Oklahoma of hot places. You know, so I’m a sooner and pretty soon I realized that football, I don’t have chance to do silicon, you know, so I worked on silicon. So, but you know, the key is that first transistor built was really built on germanium produced near Oklahoma, germanium transistor. Until we switched to silicon and thank God we did and Shockley made the first transistor in Bell Labs and rest is history. So our industry has always been dependent on this material engineering, ability to work these minerals, deploy them into making the chips.
And as far as the question about data center, I think the enablement of the data centers or AI is hardware driven. Because AI was known long time, but the hardware was not ready. Our ability to compute was just not there. And as you have said, Undersecretary Halbert, that the 20th century ran on oil and steel. The 21st century runs on compute and the minerals that feed it. That is so true. So packed silica is just such a timely change. For us in India, the innovation and the drive we have is tremendous. 1 .5 million engineers are produced every year. 20 % of the global semiconductor industry. 20 % of the global semiconductor industry designed. is done, the chip design is done by Indian engineers here in India.
And we never really had any non -coercive issues in the design space. So I think this is a very, very natural fit. In terms of the progress we are making, I think three years ago, there was no investment in India on the semiconductor side. Today, we have more than $25 billion being invested in 10 different factories, including Micron and Tata Electronics. We are working on the first AI -enabled fab that will be producing the AI -specific chips in India. We are using the indigenously developed packaging technology in Northeast Assam, where we’ll be packaging all of the automotive and other chips that are at the edge, being done for the U.S. companies. Partnership -wise with the U.S., because semiconductors brings us together, we are working with companies like Analog Devices.
Qualcomm, Synopsys, and Inter, where we have memorandum of understanding to work together. to deploy the ecosystem. Sometimes we are the customers, sometimes they are the customers. So at a holistic level, that engagement moving extremely well. On mobile phone, we are producing now, I think this year India produced mobile phones worth $70 billion in the last year, $30 billion of which were exported out. So there is just tremendous push all around in terms of manufacturing. And this initiative today, I really believe it’s going to bring and accelerate the momentum that we already have. Thank you.
I want to end by zooming out and asking a question for all of our panelists that’s a little bit more macro. And as we gather here in India in front of world leaders and business executives, and as the global economy undergoes this incredible change driven by the reorganization of our supply chains and the AI revolution. What is your message to this? And maybe we can start with Secretary Krishnan and work our way down. The message
to this audience is that we need to align and ally on lines which really work for people who share values, for countries that share values, and to ensure that we do not become enslaved or do not become tied down to just one dependence. I think that is the critical thing. That is what we learned. Through the pandemic and through all the geopolitical upheavals. And therefore, we need to have trusted partners with whom we can work and trusted value chains so that technology can work for all of us in organizing this India AI Summit. I think what we have truly managed to do is to democratize an important element of technology. The people have been let into the room, and that needs to continue through.
valuable partnerships.
Thank you. Ambassador Gore, you talked about limitless potential earlier. Can you give us a little bit of a color on what your main top -level message is to this audience?
Look, the message is the AI revolution is here. People can pretend it’s not. It’s coming. And so it’s one of those things, the sooner that people can adapt to your point, the sooner that people can partner with like -minded individuals, that’s a good thing. And so you find in some places of the world, not India, but in other places of the world where they’re going to resist AI, where they’re going to resist this revolution, it’s here. It’s here to stay. Every hundred years, every so often, we see in history something that changes the world. And you always have a sector that resists. When Ford had the first Model T come off the assembly line, the first people that protested were those in a horse and buggy.
But today, nobody would want to go back to a horse and buggy. They would want to go back to a horse and buggy. They would want to go back to a horse and buggy and give up their cars. That revolution came, whether you like it or not. And the same thing is going to happen here over the next few years. And so India and the United States being at the leading, at the cutting edge of this new technology, embracing it, using it for good, and partnering with those who share our common values. We’re the world’s oldest democracy. This year we’re celebrating 250 years. India is the world’s largest democracy. This is a national partnership for both of our nations.
Thank you. Sanjay?
Micron’s vision statement defined several years ago now is transforming how the world uses information to enrich life for all. And that vision is truly coming to life today. This AI summit, the message of Sarvajan Hittai and Sarvajan Sukhai, welfare for all, happiness for all, is very much aligned. with Micron’s vision. U.S. vision for AI in terms of national and economic security, and, of course, the businesses and the global leaders around the globe working toward AGI, artificial general intelligence, all of this critically relies on memory and storage, and Micron is very proud to be at the center of it. More and more memory is needed. Micron is making the investments in order to increase the supply.
But it’s not about just the importance of memory and storage to advancement of AI. It’s not just about investments that Micron is making in the U.S. to advance semiconductor supply chain as well as in India and other locations, but it is also absolutely about initiatives like Pax Silica, that really secure the future of supply chain. and ensure that AI infrastructure and AI capabilities will be there ready to shape the world of the future. We are very proud to be part of this, very proud as an American company to be able to bring up advanced technology capability here in India, which will benefit our U.S. operations as well, and very thankful to the partnership between U.S. and India to jointly together define the future of AI and shape the future of the world.
Thank you so much. Dr. Thakur, any closing thoughts for the audience?
Well, thank you very much. As our Tata Sun chairman, Mr. Chandrasekharan, said yesterday, under the vision of our prime minister, India has treated AI as strategic national capability. So I see. I see the declaration of Pax Silica as a response and an enabler, a codification of trust, and for us. the opportunity to work together. The expectation is laid out from the nations. It is now up to us to deliver on this promise as an industry. So, Honorable Undersecretary Helberg, Ambassador Gore, I really want to thank you from bottom of my heart for Paxilica. We’ll make it work. Thank you. Thank you so
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Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Mr. Michael Kratios.
asked to choose between completing the stack and developing a domestic AI, we have established a national champions initiative. We recognize that partners need a chance to build their native technology industries and believe facilitating this will be a critical part of the export program. To facilitate the development of industry -led, open, and secure AI standards and to give the public confidence in this next generation of technology, we are creating an AI agent standards initiative. To empower developing partner countries to overcome financing obstacles as they import the American AI stack, the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation and the Export -Import Bank of the United States, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and a new World Bank fund have initiated new AI -focused programs.
And to further enable AI adoption in the developing world, the Trump administration is bringing America’s historic Peace Corps into the 21st century. with the launch of the U.S. Tech Corps. This initiative will embed volunteer technical talent with import partners to provide last -mile support in deploying powerful AI applications for enhanced public services. In everything from energy and education to manufacturing and medicine to transportation and agriculture, I’m confident that the American AI stack can be key to unlocking new economic and social benefits for your people. The hope of the United States is that the pursuit of real AI sovereignty, the adoption and deployment of sovereign infrastructure, sovereign data, sovereign models, and sovereign policies within your borders under your control will become an occasion for bilateral diplomacy, international development, and global economic dynamism.
The American AI Export Program exists to make that happen. The U.S. wants to share the American AI stack because this technology presents the opportunity to lead. as our nation’s founders did 250 years ago, a revolution in human history to the benefit of all of mankind. These tools used well will unlock new knowledge for our growth and new sources of prosperity and challenge us to grow the strength of our humanity to match our growing capabilities. American AI is settling a new frontier, but America does not seek to build this new future alone. So I ask you to join us. Thank you.
Thank you so much, Mr. Kratios, for your ideas, your remarks, which are truly enlightening and illuminating as well. Ladies and gentlemen, next I would like to invite the speakers for a panel on partnering on AI exports. Interesting, isn’t it? Well, the moderator is Mr. Sriram Krishnan, the Senior Advisor for Artificial Intelligence at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and the panelists are Department of Commerce Undersecretary for International Trade, Mr. William Kimmett, and Department of Commerce Deputy Undersecretary for Policy at the International Trade Administration, Mr. Brendan Remington. Please welcome the panelists. Over to you, Mr. Krishnan.
Good morning. How is everyone doing? How is everyone doing? First off, before we get started, I just want to say what a privilege and honor it has been for us to be here the last couple of days. I want to thank all of our hosts. I want to thank the Honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi. I want to thank the huge team which has made this possible. It has been an amazing privilege. And especially today, when I was roaming the halls and I was here, I was just struck by the honor and the privilege of being here. And I want to thank the optimism of so many of the delegates and attendees here. in particular I was struck by the optimism of so many young people so I’m curious how many of you here are students okay can all of you who are students just please stand up okay can everyone else give them a round of applause because I was just so blown away by the enthusiasm they have for AI and you know and you know the hope and the potential and you know thank you for coming here and I think you need to get back to studying after this but thank you for coming here it really blew me away and so I wanted to say that just because I think that hope and optimism is what we in the Trump administration have really embraced when it comes to AI and I think that’s going to be a core part of when we talk about AI exports so first off I want to kind of introduce my distinguished fellow panelists we have Under Secretary William Kimmett from Department of Commerce we have Deputy Under Secretary Remington Well, before we get into the serious stuff, you’ve been all over India for the last couple of days.
No pressure, but what has been your favorite part? Everyone here is judging you.
My favorite part, I think, it’s been fabulous. We actually did a stop in Bangalore before we came to Delhi, which was really fabulous and really just amazing. I want to echo what Sri Rama said about the excitement and the dynamism we’re seeing in the ecosystem here, and it’s just really remarkable, and particularly the young, talented students here in India. It’s just really been remarkable to see. And I’d say riding in the streets of Bangalore, that was an experience, and seeing the traffic there. But what I noticed while we were driving throughout all the traffic around us was how, well, digitalized the country is. And, you know, I see people on motorcycles, and they’re on the back with their phones, and everybody’s on their phone, and just how digital the country is, and it’s really remarkable.
So I’d say experiencing the streets of Bangalore on the riding side, but also seeing how integrated tech is in everybody’s everyday life here has been really remarkable to see.
Amazing. Anybody from Bangalore or Karnataka here? Okay, a couple of folks. Okay, you need to help show them around next time he’s there. There you go. And Deputy Undersecretary, what about you?
I’d say the energy and the pace. I mean, it’s just unreal. I’ll stick with the driving theme. I think you can see it. It’s both precise and it’s decisive. It doesn’t wait for you. It’s representative of a lot of things, and Indians keep pace. I love the energy.
That’s true. I think the energy has been amazing. And so we’re going to talk about exports, but all of this comes from what President Trump set into motion in his very first week in office, where he did two things. First, he rescinded the Biden diffusion rule, which, as Dr. Kratzio said, made it difficult. It made it near impossible for countries like India to access advanced semiconductor chips. So I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. I think that’s a big thing. Second, he tasked all of us with coming up with an action plan to deliver on what the country’s, America’s priorities should be when it comes to AI.
And we did that in July, and we have come up with three priorities. First is to build infrastructure. AI needs energy. AI needs data centers. And we’ve been focused on building those in a way that works for America and works for our citizens. Second, we’re focusing on innovation. How do we make sure that we have our entrepreneurs and we have our companies building the technologies that are necessary? But third, I think, is a spirit of partnership. How do we share these technologies that are built in Silicon Valley, in America, with our allies and with the rest of the world? And that’s what we’ve been really focused on. And on that end, and Will, I’d love to start with you.
Could you talk a little bit about the AI? The AI export program that Dr. Kratz has talked about, what it
Absolutely. So certainly, President Trump has made AI a national priority. And so what does that mean? And when you think of the United States and our great tech companies, obviously, we’re doing what we can to support them. And of course, we’re doing that for our national security, our economic security and the success of our great companies. But how do we use that to share that with the rest of the world? And so specifically on this AI exports program, the president issued an executive order last July that tasked the Department of Commerce with standing up the AI exports program. And what that is, is it’s going to call for industry led proposals of consortia that will offer full stack offerings to the world and how we can promote the exports of those full stack consortia.
So it’s sort of a question of what does that mean? What does full stack mean? And so we wanted to make sure we were as thoughtful as possible in this process. us. And so we issued a request for information, asking companies to give us information, tell us what might be helpful, tell us maybe what wouldn’t be helpful. And we got a tremendous, tremendous response from the industry. We got hundreds of submissions, and we have spent the last several weeks digesting those and understanding the dynamics that maybe we weren’t aware of and things we should think about as we craft this program. And we are putting the finishing touches on it. And the next step is going to be a public call for proposals from the industry to submit these consortia and how we’re going to shape that program to do full -stack offerings and maybe other offerings as well.
That’s awesome. And Deputy Undersecretary, if I may come to you, maybe if you can just get into the details. We have guests from multiple countries over here. We have companies from all over the world here. Could you maybe break down a little bit about the next level of granularity? How do these consortia work if I’m a country attending this event or if I’m a company? what should I be doing?
Sure. I’ll start by saying you’ll hear more on how it actually works, but I’ll describe what we’ve heard so far and what people have asked of us. We’ve heard really two motions. One is how can we go outbound to the world? How do we offer, how do we help companies find buyers? And then on the other side for foreign buyers, how do we make it easier for you? And so as we’ve looked at that, we’ve decided, and as we’ve approached it, we’ve looked at a couple of different kinds of consortia. On the one hand, you would think, and what we’ve heard is make it easy, make it simple, like t -shirt sizes, small, medium, large.
I don’t need 100 permutations. I just need to know what’s available. But there are others who do want that special, very, very unique niche kind of thing and to accommodate both of those. And we’ll say in each of these, we’re looking for simplicity. We’re looking for elegant solutions. Our goal here is to make this easy for both sides. for both buyers, whether they are governments, whether they are state -owned enterprises or any sort, and then also for the real companies that we talk to, both the large ones but also the small startups who are thinking, what should I do next? I’m in my Series A, I’m in my Series B. Should I sell abroad? Is this possible to make that feasible for them?
And so if I’m a founder, should I come find you?
Yes.
Oh, there we go. Wow, I like putting him on the spot over there. So find him.
Through the website, not me personally.
He’s the man. I think for the last couple of days, one of the remarkable announcements was the launch of Sarvam’s new model, which I was really blown away by. And if you folks haven’t checked it out, you should check out some of the technical details. It is really, really impressive. And I think that is a good segue to the theme of sovereign AI. We have countries all over the world who want to have a sovereign AI kit. capability. What does it mean when working with some of the programs that we are talking about today with if you’re a national champion or if you’re a country which wants to have sovereign capabilities?
Sure. So I think the program is going to, of course, be built on the American AI tech stack. But then, like I said, what does that mean exactly? And so what it really means is we want to set the foundation for possibilities as we’re exporting to other countries. And so in the context of a national champion, you know, if there’s a great company that wants to use American tech, we provide that foundation and then allow that national champion to build on that foundation of American tech. And so it’s really providing a level of the tech stack to countries so that they can build on that with their great local domestic champions.
I totally agree. I think one thing that, you know, when it comes to the stack, is there are multiple parts of it. There are the chips, the GPUs, the TPUs, whether using NVIDIA or AMD or Google. For example, you know, Servum has done great work working with NVIDIA on training their model. Then there is the model layer. There are agents or applications on top. So I think when we talk about the program and the stack, it is really you can pick as a company or as a country what part of the stack you want to build on. And there’s a whole range of possibilities.
If I could add one thing, we’re trying to facilitate choice. We hear about AI sovereignty a lot. And there are many different versions of this, right? We hear about does every village need their own data center, right? Or does everyone need an LLM for, like, their specific context? Some of them just say I want control over my data. I want to know where it goes. I want transparency. Because there are so many permutations, we want to offer these many choices and allow each context. And we’re trying to do that. And we’re trying to do that. And we’re trying to do that. and each buyer to make those choices.
And that is true. And I think I want to go back to what Dr. Katcha said, and I said about the first week of President Trump being in office, he wanted to make it easy for other countries to get access to our technology, and that set this in motion last January. Next up, I want to move to use cases. A lot of countries all over the world that Dr. Katcha is talking about and who are trying to figure out how to adopt AI, how to provide their citizens a better quality of life, better services. What are use cases that are interesting to you that you think, you know, we are going to see a lot of great progress and work on in the next year or two?
Yeah, so I think the ones that are interesting to me certainly are in emerging markets are both in the health space and the education space and what we can do to bring AI solutions in those crucial sectors in various countries. And so. working with like the Ministry of Health in an emerging market and coming up with a solution that would revolutionize their health industry to the benefit of their citizens, that’s the part of the program that really excites me.
Ben?
Yeah, there’s so many. I mean, it’s so sweeping, but others we’ve also heard have been agriculture, manufacturing, I mean, maritime, you name it. There are a lot of verticals that have so many new use cases and so many new applications coming out all the time. I think back to the simplicity point, organizing around verticals, a one -stop shop, if you come here, this is where you can find offerings, has been something we’ve heard would be very useful.
I think so. For me, there’s obviously many, but I think education is something which has just blown me away. Even this morning, talking to a student, I met somebody from my alma mater and from second year of undergrad who’s just doing amazing things with AI at an age when I was not doing anything at all. And I think that’s something that’s really important. I think that’s something that’s really important. And, you know, that just fills me with hope and inspiration. Imagine every student, whether you could be five years old or maybe you’re 50 years old, and having access to a teacher, a lecturer, a professor who never gets tired, who knows how to speak to you in a local language, can answer any single question.
I think that is going to change so many people’s lives. Okay, one last note. We’re all working on AI. Just on a broad theme, what is something about AI, whether it’s in the U.S. government, whether it is how you’re approaching your work that fills you with optimism?
I’d say for me, speaking, you know, working for the government, we’re talking about helping export USAI tech stack to the world. We actually, in the U.S. government, need to do a good job also bringing it into government in a lot of the work we do. I run the International Trade Administration. As part of that, we do a lot of analysis of supply chains and looking at things, and there are certainly better ways we can. So that’s one area where I think as we’re bringing tech. to the world, we also need to do a good job of bringing it into the U.S. government and helping us become more efficient as well.
I love that. I have to know that the U.S. government, I mean, we’ve done a lot of work. If you look at the action plan, a lot of work on making things more efficient. And you?
I’d say two things. The first, it’s so sweeping. There are very few technologies that change like your personal life and your work life. And they’re both going very quickly. The second is the hunger for this is so high. It’s not hard. We don’t have to sell AI in the sense of, do you want this? People want this. It’s really, how should we best provide it to them? How do we help both sides of this? How do we help the companies and how do we help the buyers? And being in the middle of that and enabling that is very exciting.
I agree. I think it’s a great note to end on. And I think I just want to close out by reemphasizing something that the Ambassador Gore spoke about earlier, which is, you know, these are two great nations. the world’s oldest democracy and the world’s largest democracy. Both countries, I obviously have very deep ties to. And a lot of this has been made possible by the special relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi. And I think today, what you saw with the Pax Silica signing with Undersecretary Helberg and Dr. Kratios, what you saw with Dr. Kratios’ announcement is such a remarkable moment. But for me, it is just the beginning of what is going to be an amazing, enduring technology partnership.
But thank you so much. And thank you for being an amazing audience. And thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.
Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Hello everyone, welcome back once again. I’m sure you’re all refreshed after this break. And now we’re going to start with the next session and have some wonderful keynote speakers once again with us today. And a great lineup, as I said in the morning as well. So now I’m going to invite our keynote speaker. He is Mr. Jeetu Patel, President and Chief Product Officer, Cisco. Well, Mr. Patel sits at the intersection of AI and enterprise infrastructure. It’s kind of the plumbing that makes it work.
At Cisco, he’s leading the company’s transformation into an AI -native networking and security powerhouse. In a world obsessed with models and algorithms, his reminder that none of it works without resilient, secure infrastructure is both timely and essential. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Mr. G.
Ambassador Sergio Gor
Speech speed
193 words per minute
Speech length
504 words
Speech time
156 seconds
Vision of natural partnership
Explanation
The ambassador describes the U.S.–India relationship as a natural partnership built on shared technology leadership and democratic values, emphasizing that both nations are at the cutting edge of AI innovation.
Evidence
“And what the United States has with the best technology and with the innovation that we see here across India, this is a natural partnership.” [1]. “And so India and the United States being at the leading, at the cutting edge of this new technology, embracing it, using it for good, and partnering with those who share our common values.” [12].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Special relationship between leaders
Explanation
Gor highlights the personal rapport between the U.S. President and India’s Prime Minister as a catalyst that deepens bilateral AI cooperation.
Evidence
“The President and the Prime Minister have a special relationship, and I mean that.” [39]. “And with India, our president really, really, really likes the prime minister.” [41].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
AI revolution is here
Explanation
Gor asserts that the AI revolution is already underway and urges rapid partnership with like‑minded democracies.
Evidence
“Look, the message is the AI revolution is here.” [15]. “And so it’s one of those things, the sooner that people can adapt to your point, the sooner that people can partner with like‑minded individuals, that’s a good thing.” [141].
Major discussion point
Optimism, Youth, and Education as Drivers of the AI Future
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Social and economic development
Secretary S. Krishnan
Speech speed
139 words per minute
Speech length
145 words
Speech time
62 seconds
Align with values‑sharing partners
Explanation
Krishnan stresses that the U.S. must work with countries that share democratic values and avoid dependence on a single source, while also democratizing key technologies.
Evidence
“to this audience is that we need to align and ally on lines which really work for people who share values, for countries that share values, and to ensure that we do not become enslaved or do not become tied down to just one dependence.” [16]. “I think what we have truly managed to do is to democratize an important element of technology.” [17].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Trusted, diversified supply chains
Explanation
He calls for trusted partners and resilient supply chains to protect critical technology sectors, especially after pandemic‑related disruptions.
Evidence
“And therefore, we need to have trusted partners with whom we can work and trusted value chains so that technology can work for all of us in organizing this India AI Summit.” [7]. “and resilient supply chain in these critical areas of technology which the world needs.” [75].
Major discussion point
Semiconductor Supply‑Chain Resilience & Micron’s Investment
Topics
Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs | The digital economy
Jacob Helberg
Speech speed
156 words per minute
Speech length
240 words
Speech time
92 seconds
Impact of partnership on Micron supply chain
Explanation
Helberg asks how the U.S.–India collaboration will affect the security and resilience of Micron’s semiconductor supply chain.
Evidence
“Sanjay, could you help us understand a little bit, what does the partnership between America and India mean for the security of the supply chains of a company like Micron?” [25].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
The digital economy | Financial mechanisms
Moderator
Speech speed
14 words per minute
Speech length
416 words
Speech time
1777 seconds
Setting the agenda
Explanation
The moderator introduces the panel, establishing the framework for the discussion on AI collaboration and trade.
Evidence
“Well, the moderator is Mr. Sriram Krishnan, the Senior Advisor for Artificial Intelligence at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and the panelists are Department of Commerce Undersecretary for International Trade, Mr. William Kimmett, and Department of Commerce Deputy Undersecretary for Policy at the International Trade Administration, Mr. Brendan Remington.” [50].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
Artificial intelligence
Sanjay Mehrotra
Speech speed
132 words per minute
Speech length
667 words
Speech time
302 seconds
Micron $2.75 bn India investment
Explanation
Mehrotra outlines Micron’s $2.75 billion investment in Indian assembly‑test facilities, linking it to broader U.S. manufacturing plans and AI‑driven memory supply.
Evidence
“And that’s an important piece with Micron performing assembly and test operations here in the Sanand, Gujarat facility with investments, with the support from the Indian government, with $2 .75 billion of investments, with time that will result in, hundreds of millions of chips assembled and tested here.” [62].
Major discussion point
Semiconductor Supply‑Chain Resilience & Micron’s Investment
Topics
Financial mechanisms | The digital economy | Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs
Memory as AI fuel
Explanation
He emphasizes that memory is a critical enabler and the “fuel” for AI, underscoring its strategic importance for future AI workloads.
Evidence
“Memory is a critical enabler of AI.” [10]. “Just think of it this way, that if, you know, AI is driving, is the growth engine of the digital economy, then memory is the fuel.” [88].
Major discussion point
AI Infrastructure, Data Centers & Edge Technologies in Emerging Markets
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The digital economy
Pride in U.S.–India partnership
Explanation
Mehrotra expresses pride in Micron’s role as an American company contributing advanced technology in India, benefiting both nations.
Evidence
“We are very proud to be part of this, very proud as an American company to be able to bring up advanced technology capability here in India, which will benefit our U.S. operations as well, and very thankful to the partnership between U.S. and India to jointly together define the future of AI and shape the future of the world.” [11].
Major discussion point
U.S.–India Strategic Partnership & AI Collaboration
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Dr. Randhir Thakur
Speech speed
144 words per minute
Speech length
609 words
Speech time
252 seconds
$25 bn semiconductor‑fab rollout
Explanation
Thakur details India’s $25 billion investment across ten factories, including AI‑specific chip production and indigenous packaging for edge devices.
Evidence
“Today, we have more than $25 billion being invested in 10 different factories, including Micron and Tata Electronics.” [64]. “We are working on the first AI -enabled fab that will be producing the AI -specific chips in India.” [65].
Major discussion point
Semiconductor Supply‑Chain Resilience & Micron’s Investment
Topics
Financial mechanisms | The digital economy | Artificial intelligence
Hardware‑driven AI growth
Explanation
He frames the 21st century as being powered by compute and critical minerals, noting that AI infrastructure is fundamentally hardware‑centric.
Evidence
“The 21st century runs on compute and the minerals that feed it.” [83]. “And as far as the question about data center, I think the enablement of the data centers or AI is hardware driven.” [84].
Major discussion point
AI Infrastructure, Data Centers & Edge Technologies in Emerging Markets
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Environmental impacts
Michael Kratsios
Speech speed
148 words per minute
Speech length
375 words
Speech time
151 seconds
Launch of American AI Export Program
Explanation
Kratsios announces the creation of the AI Export Program to enable partner countries to adopt U.S. AI technology while preserving sovereignty.
Evidence
“The American AI Export Program exists to make that happen.” [102]. “The hope of the United States is that the pursuit of real AI sovereignty, the adoption and deployment of sovereign infrastructure, sovereign data, sovereign models, and sovereign policies within your borders under your control will become an occasion for bilateral diplomacy, international development, and global economic dynamism.” [3].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Financial mechanisms | The enabling environment for digital development
AI agent standards initiative
Explanation
He explains that the program will develop open, secure AI standards and embed volunteer technical talent for last‑mile deployment.
Evidence
“To facilitate the development of industry -led, open, and secure AI standards and to give the public confidence in this next generation of technology, we are creating an AI agent standards initiative.” [9]. “This initiative will embed volunteer technical talent with import partners to provide last -mile support in deploying powerful AI applications for enhanced public services.” [6].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs
Sharing the American AI stack
Explanation
Kratsios notes that the U.S. aims to share its AI stack to help partners lead in AI while ensuring collaborative development.
Evidence
“The U.S. wants to share the American AI stack because this technology presents the opportunity to lead.” [13]. “American AI is settling a new frontier, but America does not seek to build this new future alone.” [124].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Mr. Sriram Krishnan
Speech speed
117 words per minute
Speech length
1491 words
Speech time
762 seconds
Celebration of student enthusiasm
Explanation
Krishnan highlights the excitement and optimism of Indian students, viewing them as a key driver for AI adoption and future innovation.
Evidence
“I was just so blown away by the enthusiasm they have for AI and you know and you know the hope and the potential and you know thank you for coming here it really blew me away and I think that hope and optimism is what we in the Trump administration have really embraced when it comes to AI.” [126]. “And I want to thank the optimism of so many of the delegates and attendees here.” [49].
Major discussion point
Optimism, Youth, and Education as Drivers of the AI Future
Topics
Capacity development | Social and economic development
Optimism about AI’s societal impact
Explanation
He asks panelists what fills them with optimism regarding AI, linking youthful energy to broader societal benefits.
Evidence
“What is something about AI, whether it’s in the U.S. government, whether it is how you’re approaching your work that fills you with optimism?” [130].
Major discussion point
Optimism, Youth, and Education as Drivers of the AI Future
Topics
Capacity development | Social and economic development
William Kimmett
Speech speed
173 words per minute
Speech length
779 words
Speech time
269 seconds
Health and education AI use cases
Explanation
Kimmett points to emerging‑market opportunities in health and education where AI can transform public services and improve quality of life.
Evidence
“Yeah, so I think the ones that are interesting to me certainly are in emerging markets are both in the health space and the education space and what we can do to bring AI solutions in those crucial sectors in various countries.” [95].
Major discussion point
AI Infrastructure, Data Centers & Edge Technologies in Emerging Markets
Topics
Social and economic development | Artificial intelligence
Full‑stack AI consortia solicitation
Explanation
He describes a call for industry‑led consortia to propose full‑stack AI offerings that can be exported to partner countries.
Evidence
“And what that is, is it’s going to call for industry led proposals of consortia that will offer full stack offerings to the world and how we can promote the exports of those full stack consortia.” [38]. “And so specifically on this AI exports program, the president issued an executive order last July that tasked the Department of Commerce with standing up the AI exports program.” [107].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Financial mechanisms
Supporting sovereign AI kits
Explanation
Kimmett explains that sovereign AI kits let national champions build on the American AI stack while retaining control over data and models.
Evidence
“And so it’s really providing a level of the tech stack to countries so that they can build on that with their great local domestic champions.” [123]. “We have countries all over the world who want to have sovereign AI kit.” [112].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Observation of vibrant youth talent
Explanation
Kimmett remarks on the dynamism of Bangalore’s tech scene and the remarkable talent of young students.
Evidence
“I want to echo what Sri Rama said about the excitement and the dynamism we’re seeing in the ecosystem here, and it’s just really remarkable, and particularly the young, talented students here in India.” [127]. “We actually did a stop in Bangalore before we came to Delhi, which was really fabulous and really just amazing.” [134].
Major discussion point
Optimism, Youth, and Education as Drivers of the AI Future
Topics
Capacity development | Social and economic development
Brendan Remington
Speech speed
195 words per minute
Speech length
603 words
Speech time
185 seconds
Consortia “t‑shirt size” model
Explanation
Remington outlines a simplified approach for AI consortia, using “t‑shirt size” categories to make offerings easy for both buyers and sellers.
Evidence
“On the one hand, you would think, and what we’ve heard is make it easy, make it simple, like t -shirt sizes, small, medium, large.” [114]. “If I could add one thing, we’re trying to facilitate choice.” [22].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Financial mechanisms
Facilitating choice for buyers and sellers
Explanation
He emphasizes the program’s goal to help companies find buyers and help foreign buyers locate suitable AI solutions.
Evidence
“How do we help companies find buyers?” [115]. “How do we help the companies and how do we help the buyers?” [116]. “And then on the other side for foreign buyers, how do we make it easier for you?” [117].
Major discussion point
AI Export Program & Sovereign AI Initiatives
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Financial mechanisms
Agreements
Agreement points
U.S.-India partnership is natural and mutually beneficial for technology collaboration
Speakers
– Ambassador Sergio Gor
– Secretary S. Krishnan
– Sanjay Mehrotra
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
– Jacob Helberg
Arguments
Natural partnership exists between U.S. technology and Indian innovation, strengthened by special relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi
Partnership enables secure and resilient supply chains in critical technology areas through trusted allies sharing common values
Micron’s collaboration demonstrates how U.S.-India partnership advances AI through R&D facilities in India working on cutting-edge memory design while complementing U.S. manufacturing
India produces 1.5 million engineers annually and handles 20% of global semiconductor chip design, making it a natural fit for partnership
U.S.-India technology collaboration represents a natural partnership with limitless potential for deepening cooperation
Summary
All speakers agree that the U.S.-India partnership represents a natural, mutually beneficial collaboration based on complementary strengths – American technology and innovation combined with India’s engineering talent and manufacturing capabilities
Topics
The enabling environment for digital development | Artificial intelligence
AI revolution is transformative and requires global collaboration and adaptation
Speakers
– Ambassador Sergio Gor
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
– Michael Kratsios
– Brendan Remington
Arguments
AI revolution is inevitable and transformative, comparable to the automobile replacing horse and buggy, requiring adaptation and partnership with like-minded nations
AI represents a strategic national capability that requires nations to work together on infrastructure development and deployment
Program aims to democratize AI technology and share American AI stack globally while maintaining security and promoting innovation
Energy and enthusiasm in emerging markets, particularly among young people, drives demand for AI technology adoption
Summary
Speakers unanimously view AI as a revolutionary technology that will fundamentally transform society and requires collaborative approaches for successful development and deployment
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Social and economic development
Supply chain security and resilience require trusted partnerships and diversification
Speakers
– Secretary S. Krishnan
– Sanjay Mehrotra
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
– Jacob Helberg
Arguments
Partnership enables secure and resilient supply chains in critical technology areas through trusted allies sharing common values
Micron’s $2.75 billion investment in India for assembly and test operations will complement U.S. manufacturing and contribute to AI advancement
India’s semiconductor investments have grown from zero to $25 billion across 10 factories in three years, including AI-enabled fabs and indigenous packaging technology
Partnership between America and India is crucial for securing global supply chains, particularly for companies operating at global scale
Summary
All speakers emphasize the critical importance of building secure, resilient supply chains through trusted partnerships and avoiding single-source dependencies, particularly in semiconductor manufacturing
Topics
Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs | The enabling environment for digital development
American AI Export Program should provide flexible, choice-driven solutions for sovereign AI capabilities
Speakers
– William Kimmett
– Brendan Remington
– Michael Kratsios
– Mr. Sriram Krishnan
Arguments
Program offers full-stack AI solutions through industry-led consortia while supporting national champions and sovereign AI capabilities in partner countries
Initiative provides multiple choices and flexibility for countries to build sovereign AI capabilities on American technology foundation
Program aims to democratize AI technology and share American AI stack globally while maintaining security and promoting innovation
Government approach focuses on making AI exports simple and accessible for both large companies and startups seeking international markets
Summary
All speakers involved in the AI Export Program agree it should offer flexible, choice-driven solutions that allow countries to build sovereign capabilities while leveraging American technology foundations
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Similar viewpoints
Both emphasize the strategic importance of democratic nations collaborating on AI as a national capability, with particular focus on the U.S.-India partnership as a model for democratic cooperation in technology
Speakers
– Ambassador Sergio Gor
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
Arguments
Collaboration between world’s oldest and largest democracies creates win-win opportunities in manufacturing, innovation, and global competitiveness
AI represents a strategic national capability that requires nations to work together on infrastructure development and deployment
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Both view semiconductor partnerships and supply chain security as fundamental enablers of AI development, with Pax Silica representing a concrete mechanism for ensuring this security
Speakers
– Secretary S. Krishnan
– Sanjay Mehrotra
Arguments
Pax Silica initiative ensures supply chain resiliency and security for AI infrastructure development between trusted partners
Memory serves as the critical fuel for AI as the growth engine of the digital economy, making semiconductor partnerships essential
Topics
Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs | Artificial intelligence
Both emphasize the transformative potential of AI across multiple sectors and the high demand for AI technology, particularly in emerging markets, making the export program’s mission both feasible and impactful
Speakers
– William Kimmett
– Brendan Remington
Arguments
AI applications in healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing can unlock economic and social benefits globally
Energy and enthusiasm in emerging markets, particularly among young people, drives demand for AI technology adoption
Topics
Social and economic development | Artificial intelligence | Closing all digital divides
Unexpected consensus
Democratization of AI technology access
Speakers
– Secretary S. Krishnan
– Michael Kratsios
– Mr. Sriram Krishnan
Arguments
Partnership democratizes technology access and ensures countries don’t become dependent on single sources
Program aims to democratize AI technology and share American AI stack globally while maintaining security and promoting innovation
Government approach focuses on making AI exports simple and accessible for both large companies and startups seeking international markets
Explanation
Unexpected consensus emerged around the concept of ‘democratizing’ AI technology – making it broadly accessible rather than restricting it. This represents a shift from traditional technology export controls toward more open sharing with trusted partners
Topics
Artificial intelligence | Closing all digital divides | The enabling environment for digital development
Sovereign AI capabilities built on American technology foundation
Speakers
– William Kimmett
– Brendan Remington
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
Arguments
Program offers full-stack AI solutions through industry-led consortia while supporting national champions and sovereign AI capabilities in partner countries
Initiative provides multiple choices and flexibility for countries to build sovereign AI capabilities on American technology foundation
AI represents a strategic national capability that requires nations to work together on infrastructure development and deployment
Explanation
Surprising alignment on supporting partner countries’ sovereign AI capabilities rather than creating dependency. This represents a collaborative approach to AI sovereignty that balances American technology leadership with partner nation autonomy
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development | Data governance
Overall assessment
Summary
Strong consensus exists across all speakers on the strategic importance of U.S.-India AI partnership, the transformative nature of AI technology, the need for secure supply chains through trusted partnerships, and the value of flexible, choice-driven AI export programs that support sovereign capabilities
Consensus level
Very high level of consensus with no significant disagreements identified. This strong alignment suggests effective coordination among U.S. officials and industry leaders, and indicates potential for successful implementation of collaborative AI initiatives. The consensus spans both strategic vision and practical implementation approaches, suggesting robust policy coherence across government and industry stakeholders
Differences
Different viewpoints
Unexpected differences
Overall assessment
Summary
The discussion shows remarkable consensus among all speakers regarding U.S.-India AI collaboration, with no significant disagreements identified. All participants align on the benefits of partnership, the importance of AI technology sharing, and the strategic value of the relationship between the world’s oldest and largest democracies.
Disagreement level
Very low disagreement level. The discussion represents a highly collaborative and aligned conversation where speakers complement rather than challenge each other’s viewpoints. This consensus suggests strong institutional alignment on AI export policy and U.S.-India technology partnership, though it may also indicate limited diversity of perspectives in this particular forum. The implications are positive for policy implementation but may benefit from broader stakeholder input to identify potential challenges or alternative approaches.
Partial agreements
Partial agreements
Both speakers agree on the goal of enabling sovereign AI capabilities for partner countries, but they emphasize different approaches – Kimmett focuses on industry-led consortia providing full-stack solutions with national champions building on American foundations, while Remington emphasizes providing multiple choices and flexibility to accommodate different versions of AI sovereignty based on specific country contexts and needs
Speakers
– William Kimmett
– Brendan Remington
Arguments
Program offers full-stack AI solutions through industry-led consortia while supporting national champions and sovereign AI capabilities in partner countries
Initiative provides multiple choices and flexibility for countries to build sovereign AI capabilities on American technology foundation
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Similar viewpoints
Both emphasize the strategic importance of democratic nations collaborating on AI as a national capability, with particular focus on the U.S.-India partnership as a model for democratic cooperation in technology
Speakers
– Ambassador Sergio Gor
– Dr. Randhir Thakur
Arguments
Collaboration between world’s oldest and largest democracies creates win-win opportunities in manufacturing, innovation, and global competitiveness
AI represents a strategic national capability that requires nations to work together on infrastructure development and deployment
Topics
Artificial intelligence | The enabling environment for digital development
Both view semiconductor partnerships and supply chain security as fundamental enablers of AI development, with Pax Silica representing a concrete mechanism for ensuring this security
Speakers
– Secretary S. Krishnan
– Sanjay Mehrotra
Arguments
Pax Silica initiative ensures supply chain resiliency and security for AI infrastructure development between trusted partners
Memory serves as the critical fuel for AI as the growth engine of the digital economy, making semiconductor partnerships essential
Topics
Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs | Artificial intelligence
Both emphasize the transformative potential of AI across multiple sectors and the high demand for AI technology, particularly in emerging markets, making the export program’s mission both feasible and impactful
Speakers
– William Kimmett
– Brendan Remington
Arguments
AI applications in healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing can unlock economic and social benefits globally
Energy and enthusiasm in emerging markets, particularly among young people, drives demand for AI technology adoption
Topics
Social and economic development | Artificial intelligence | Closing all digital divides
Takeaways
Key takeaways
The U.S.-India technology partnership represents a natural alliance between American innovation and Indian engineering talent, strengthened by the personal relationship between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi
The AI revolution is inevitable and transformative, requiring nations to adapt quickly and partner with like-minded democracies rather than resist the change
Supply chain security and diversification are critical – countries must avoid dependence on single sources and build trusted partnerships with nations sharing common values
The American AI Export Program will offer full-stack AI solutions through industry-led consortia while supporting sovereign AI capabilities in partner countries
Memory and semiconductors serve as the fundamental infrastructure enabling AI advancement, making U.S.-India collaboration in this sector strategically vital
India’s rapid growth in semiconductor manufacturing (from zero to $25 billion investment in three years) and engineering capacity (1.5 million engineers annually, 20% of global chip design) positions it as an ideal partner
AI applications in healthcare, education, agriculture, and manufacturing can unlock significant economic and social benefits globally, particularly in emerging markets
The partnership between the world’s oldest and largest democracies creates a model for technology collaboration based on shared democratic values
Resolutions and action items
Launch of Pax Silica initiative to ensure supply chain resiliency and security for AI infrastructure between U.S. and India
Department of Commerce to finalize and issue public call for proposals from industry for AI export consortia following completion of request for information process
Micron to proceed with $2.75 billion investment in assembly and test operations in Gujarat, India, complementing U.S. manufacturing capabilities
Development of AI-enabled semiconductor fabrication facilities in India using indigenous packaging technology
Creation of AI agent standards initiative to establish industry-led, open, and secure AI standards
Launch of U.S. Tech Corps to embed volunteer technical talent with partner countries for AI deployment support
Establishment of new AI-focused financing programs through U.S. International Development Finance Corporation and Export-Import Bank
Unresolved issues
Specific technical details and implementation timeline for the AI export consortia program remain to be finalized
Exact mechanisms for balancing sovereign AI capabilities with American technology stack integration need further definition
Detailed frameworks for ensuring supply chain security while maintaining open technology collaboration require development
Specific use case priorities and resource allocation across different sectors (healthcare, education, agriculture, manufacturing) need clarification
Integration challenges between U.S. government AI adoption and export promotion efforts remain to be addressed
Suggested compromises
Offering multiple consortium models to accommodate both simple ‘T-shirt size’ solutions and complex customized AI implementations
Providing flexible AI sovereignty options allowing countries to choose which parts of the technology stack to build domestically versus import
Balancing national champion support with American technology foundation to enable local innovation while maintaining strategic partnerships
Creating tiered access levels for different types of buyers including governments, state-owned enterprises, and private companies
Establishing financing mechanisms to help developing countries overcome economic barriers to AI adoption while maintaining commercial viability
Thought provoking comments
The 20th century ran on oil and steel. The 21st century runs on compute and the minerals that feed it.
Speaker
Dr. Randhir Thakur
Reason
This analogy provides a powerful historical framework for understanding the current technological shift. It elegantly captures how fundamental resources define entire centuries and positions semiconductors/minerals as the new strategic resources, similar to how oil and steel shaped the industrial age.
Impact
This comment reframed the entire discussion around supply chain security and semiconductor partnerships as not just technical cooperation, but as fundamental to 21st-century geopolitical and economic power. It elevated the conversation from tactical partnerships to strategic historical significance.
Memory is a critical enabler of AI. Just think of it this way, that if AI is driving, is the growth engine of the digital economy, then memory is the fuel.
Speaker
Sanjay Mehrotra
Reason
This metaphor brilliantly simplifies a complex technical relationship by comparing AI infrastructure to automotive mechanics that everyone can understand. It highlights how often-overlooked components (memory/storage) are actually foundational to the entire AI revolution.
Impact
This shifted the focus from high-level AI capabilities to the critical infrastructure components that enable them. It helped ground the discussion in practical realities and emphasized why companies like Micron’s manufacturing partnerships are strategically important to the AI ecosystem.
India wants to get involved. But also the magic touch is that special relationship between our two leaders… for those colleagues of mine from Washington to understand the difference that it makes when our president likes you or he doesn’t like you.
Speaker
Ambassador Sergio Gor
Reason
This comment provides unusually candid insight into how personal diplomatic relationships translate into policy outcomes. It acknowledges the often-unspoken reality that personal chemistry between leaders can be as important as formal agreements in international relations.
Impact
This comment introduced a more personal and political dimension to what had been primarily a technical and economic discussion. It helped explain why the US-India partnership has momentum and set the stage for understanding the policy announcements that followed.
We recognize that partners need a chance to build their native technology industries and believe facilitating this will be a critical part of the export program… To facilitate the development of industry-led, open, and secure AI standards and to give the public confidence in this next generation of technology, we are creating an AI agent standards initiative.
Speaker
Michael Kratsios
Reason
This represents a significant policy shift from traditional export approaches that often create dependency. Instead, it acknowledges that true partnerships require enabling local capability building while maintaining American technological leadership through standards and infrastructure.
Impact
This comment fundamentally reframed the export discussion from a traditional seller-buyer relationship to a more collaborative partnership model. It introduced the concept of ‘AI sovereignty’ as compatible with American technology leadership, which became a central theme in subsequent discussions.
We hear about AI sovereignty a lot. And there are many different versions of this… Some of them just say I want control over my data. I want to know where it goes. I want transparency. Because there are so many permutations, we want to offer these many choices.
Speaker
Brendan Remington
Reason
This comment demonstrates sophisticated understanding that ‘AI sovereignty’ isn’t a monolithic concept but represents different concerns and needs across different contexts. It shows policy flexibility and recognition of diverse national priorities.
Impact
This nuanced view helped move the conversation away from binary thinking about technology dependence vs. independence toward a more flexible, modular approach to AI partnerships. It opened space for discussing how different countries could engage with American AI technology in ways that meet their specific sovereignty concerns.
20% of the global semiconductor industry designed is done by Indian engineers here in India. And we never really had any non-coercive issues in the design space.
Speaker
Dr. Randhir Thakur
Reason
This statistic powerfully illustrates India’s existing centrality to global semiconductor design while subtly referencing geopolitical tensions (the ‘non-coercive’ comment likely refers to China). It positions India as already integral to global tech supply chains, not just an emerging market.
Impact
This comment shifted the framing of the US-India partnership from developed-developing country cooperation to a partnership between two already-integral parts of the global technology ecosystem. It strengthened the case for deeper integration and helped justify major policy initiatives like Pax Silica.
Overall assessment
These key comments collectively transformed what could have been a routine diplomatic and business discussion into a more profound conversation about the historical moment we’re living through and how technological partnerships will shape the 21st century. The most impactful insights came from speakers who provided either powerful analogies (Thakur’s oil/steel comparison, Mehrotra’s memory-as-fuel metaphor) or candid political realities (Gore’s comments on personal relationships, Kratsios and Remington’s nuanced views on sovereignty). Together, these comments elevated the discussion from tactical cooperation to strategic historical significance, while also introducing important nuances about how AI partnerships can respect different national priorities and sovereignty concerns. The conversation evolved from simple export promotion to a more sophisticated dialogue about collaborative technological leadership in a multipolar world.
Follow-up questions
How can the U.S. government better integrate AI into its own operations to become more efficient?
Speaker
William Kimmett
Explanation
Kimmett noted that while they’re helping export U.S. AI tech stack to the world, the U.S. government itself needs to do a better job bringing AI into government operations, particularly in areas like supply chain analysis at the International Trade Administration
What are the specific mechanisms and processes for how AI export consortia will actually work in practice?
Speaker
Brendan Remington
Explanation
Remington mentioned that while they described what they’ve heard so far, audiences would ‘hear more on how it actually works,’ indicating that detailed operational mechanisms are still being developed
How can the AI export program accommodate both standardized ‘small, medium, large’ solutions and highly customized niche requirements?
Speaker
Brendan Remington
Explanation
Remington identified the challenge of serving different market needs – some wanting simple standardized solutions and others requiring very unique, specialized offerings
What are the specific financing mechanisms and programs being developed by U.S. financial institutions to support AI adoption in developing countries?
Speaker
Michael Kratsios
Explanation
Kratsios mentioned that the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, Export-Import Bank, Trade and Development Agency, Millennium Challenge Corporation, and a new World Bank fund have initiated new AI-focused programs, but details weren’t provided
How will the U.S. Tech Corps initiative work to embed volunteer technical talent with import partners?
Speaker
Michael Kratsios
Explanation
Kratsios announced this new initiative to bring the Peace Corps into the 21st century but didn’t provide operational details on how volunteers would be selected, trained, or deployed
What are the specific technical capabilities and innovations of Sarvam’s new model that was launched?
Speaker
Mr. Sriram Krishnan
Explanation
Krishnan mentioned being ‘blown away’ by Sarvam’s new model and encouraged people to check out technical details, but those details weren’t discussed in the session
Disclaimer: This is not an official session record. DiploAI generates these resources from audiovisual recordings, and they are presented as-is, including potential errors. Due to logistical challenges, such as discrepancies in audio/video or transcripts, names may be misspelled. We strive for accuracy to the best of our ability.
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