AI and genetics reveal how language develops in the brain
Multimethod approaches combining AI, MRI and genetics are reshaping understanding of how language emerges and varies across people.
Recent research shows that language emerges from a dynamic, adaptable system in the brain rather than a single region. AI, high-field MRI, and genetic studies are helping scientists understand how humans acquire and process language.
Large language models can predict speech processing in children as young as two, while MRI shows language dominance exists on a fluid brain continuum. Genetic analyses show hundreds of genes contribute to language, with overlaps between musical rhythm and dyslexia.
High-level language skills, such as grammar, continue to mature between ages two and ten, while phonetic processing stabilises earlier. Combining AI, imaging, and genetics allows researchers to understand individual differences and neurovariability in communication.
The integrated approach could improve early diagnosis and treatment for language disorders, offering insights into how the brain learns, adapts, and uses language across the lifespan.
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