AI-powered electronic nose shows promise for early ovarian cancer screening

Researchers at Linköping University have developed an AI-powered electronic nose capable of detecting early signs of ovarian cancer in blood plasma samples. The pilot study, published in Advanced Intelligent Systems, reports 97 per cent accuracy using machine-learning models trained on biobank data.

Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed late because symptoms resemble those of more common conditions. In 2022, around 325,000 new cases and more than 200,000 deaths were recorded globally. Earlier detection could significantly improve survival rates and access to timely treatment.

The prototype device contains 32 commercially available sensors that detect volatile substances emitted by blood samples. Rather than targeting a single biomarker, the system analyses complex chemical patterns, with machine learning identifying signatures linked to ovarian cancer.

Unlike conventional blood tests, which can be slow and rely on specific biomarkers, the electronic nose evaluates a broad spectrum of compounds. Researchers say the approach offers greater precision and could reduce screening costs while improving accessibility.

Developers estimate the test takes around 10 minutes and could become part of cancer screening programmes within three years. Although currently focused on ovarian cancer, the team suggests the method could eventually be adapted to detect multiple cancer types.

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