Socially, Economically, Environmentally Responsible Campuses | IGF 2023 Open Forum #159

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki

The analysis covers a wide range of topics related to smart and sustainable solutions, the ethical use of technology, green designs, energy efficiency, the role of the younger generation in technological change, government-initiated smart cities, multi-stakeholder approaches, data ownership, and the future of education infrastructure. The overall sentiment of the analysis is positive, highlighting the potential benefits and necessary actions in each area.

One of the key arguments is the integration of smart and sustainable solutions in universities, which play a crucial role in shaping the minds of the next generation. The analysis emphasizes the need for universities to embrace the digital revolution and create campuses that are both state-of-the-art and environmentally friendly.

The importance of green designs and retrofitting existing structures to enhance energy efficiency is also highlighted. The panel stresses the significance of adopting net-zero footprint strategies and aligning with global standards, focusing on making existing buildings more energy-efficient rather than solely focusing on new construction.

Another area of focus is the G20 Global Smart Alliance, which aims to establish global norms for the ethical and responsible use of smart technologies in cities. The analysis expresses support for the alliance’s work and emphasizes the importance of setting global standards to ensure ethical use of technology for sustainable development.

The analysis also discusses the expansion efforts of the Global Smart City Alliance, which includes more than 36 pioneer cities globally. It highlights the importance of collaboration and knowledge sharing among cities to address common challenges and promote sustainable development.

The role of the younger generation in driving technological change is also emphasized. The analysis recognizes the power and potential of younger people in shaping the future and emphasizes the importance of investing in their education and empowerment.

There is also mention of the view that government-initiated smart cities can be a mistake, arguing for a multi-stakeholder, agile approach involving academia, industry, and government support.

The importance of data ownership is discussed, with a focus on individuals having ownership of their own data. The analysis highlights the need for discussions on data privacy and usage to ensure ethical and responsible data practices.

In terms of the future of education infrastructure, the analysis expresses optimism and discusses the role of advancing technologies in shaping educational settings. It mentions the Smart Campus Blueprint as an initiative to integrate technology into educational environments.

Overall, the analysis provides valuable insights into the various topics discussed. It emphasizes the significance of integrating smart and sustainable solutions, establishing global norms for responsible technology use, expanding smart city alliances, retrofitting existing structures, empowering the younger generation, adopting multi-stakeholder approaches, prioritizing data ownership, and embracing technology in education. The analysis encourages individuals to actively contribute to these efforts by joining initiatives such as the G20 Global Smart Alliance Network.

Audience

During the discussion, Taro emphasised the significance of STEM education, encompassing the fields of science, technology, engineering, and medicine. He stressed the need to prioritise these disciplines in the education system as they play a crucial role in driving innovation, economic growth, and societal development.

Taro argued that STEM education offers students a comprehensive understanding of the world and equips them with the necessary skills to navigate challenges in the rapidly advancing technological landscape. By fostering an interest and aptitude for STEM subjects, students can develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills highly sought after in today’s workforce.

Supporting his argument, Taro cited statistics highlighting the increasing demand for STEM professionals in the job market, as well as the higher salaries typically associated with careers in these fields. He also referred to studies demonstrating the positive impact of early exposure to STEM education on students’ academic performance, engagement, and career prospects.

Encouraging active participation, Taro invited the audience to pose relevant questions, creating an inclusive environment where different perspectives could be shared and discussed. This facilitated a deeper exploration of the topic and a more holistic conversation.

In summary, Taro’s emphasis on STEM education stems from the belief that it is crucial for preparing future generations to thrive in an increasingly technology-driven world. Through a focus on science, technology, engineering, and medicine, students can acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to contribute to innovation, solve complex problems, and drive societal progress. The audience was encouraged to engage in the conversation by asking thought-provoking questions, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand.

Corey Glickman

The analysis focused on various aspects of sustainable urban development and energy efficiency in India and the United States. It highlighted the need for promoting equitable wellness and resilience in urban landscapes, acknowledging that smart monitors and controls in transport, buildings, environment, life, events, infrastructure, and utilities can enable communities to transform the urban landscape. The vision for a zero-carbon built environment includes the goal of achieving equitable wellness and resilience for all.

Decarbonization efforts were seen as requiring democratized action and support from all stakeholders to succeed. It was argued that enforced decarbonization standards at the government level without the involvement of the community, experts, learning institutions, and businesses can lead to failure. The transformation towards decarbonization takes place when there is participation from various stakeholders, ensuring that everyone’s needs and perspectives are considered.

The analysis expressed concern about the increase in building construction in India, which has led to a significant rise in building energy use. With India poised to become the fifth-largest economy in the world, the construction of new buildings at a rate of 8% annually has contributed to the escalating energy demands. However, it was also recognized that India has inherent advantages for building energy efficiency. These include a strong tradition of passively cooled buildings, a wide occupant tolerance to heat, a ready supply of local sustainable construction materials, inexpensive labor and craft costs, and careful use of resources.

Collaboration between the United States and India was emphasized, particularly in the field of building energy research and development. The U.S.-India joint center for building energy research and development, called CBERD, was highlighted as an example of such collaboration. It aims to develop building technologies that improve energy efficiency, comfort, and health safety. Through CBERD, significant collaborations between Indian and U.S. scientists have taken place, resulting in the development of nine new technologies, more than 100 peer-reviewed publications, and fostering mutual respect.

One notable aspect of the collaboration between the United States and India is the development of tools and resources for energy-efficient building design. These tools and guides aim to provide best practices for designing low-energy buildings and are specifically suited to the cultural, climatic, and construction context of India. They serve as valuable resources for the public and contribute to the advancement of sustainable building practices in the country.

The analysis also discussed the importance of digital transformation and leadership alignment in sustainable city development. Partnerships between the University of Tokyo and Microsoft were highlighted as contributors to this transformation. The adoption of technologies like digital twins and IoT devices was noted since these technologies already exist and can be utilized in the process of digital transformation. Furthermore, it was emphasized that alignment between visionary leadership and the actual implementers of policies is crucial for successful implementation.

The analysis advocated for using existing policies as a starting point for building sustainable urban environments, suggesting that the Green Sustainability City Alliance is working on embodied carbon for existing buildings and sustainable procurement as initial policies. However, it acknowledged that issues can arise due to complexities in zoning and challenges from local and national governance.

Localization was presented as an important factor when implementing policies related to sustainable urban development. It was acknowledged that what works in one city may not necessarily translate to another, and additional actions may be required upstream or downstream for policies to make sense in different contexts.

The discussion highlighted the positive role that policy discussion and collaboration can play in accelerating progress towards sustainable urban development. It was noted that policy leaders often have open attitudes towards discussions and are willing to share their networks, facilitating collaboration and the exchange of ideas.

Finally, the analysis acknowledged the significant role that global IT companies, particularly Microsoft, and other hyperscalers, will play in shaping the future of smart buildings and campuses. These global IT companies are viewed as instrumental in establishing the digital backbone necessary for sustainability and efficiency. The analysis also identified a potential winning formula for smart city development, which involves collaboration between university-based academic research, major IT service providers, and policymakers. This combination has been observed to be effective, particularly when implementing projects that involve academic-led investigations in controlled city areas or airports, supported by major IT service providers and policymakers.

Overall, the analysis offered valuable insights into the various aspects and challenges of sustainable urban development and energy efficiency in India and the United States. It emphasized the need for holistic approaches, stakeholder involvement, collaboration, and the leveraging of existing resources to achieve sustainable and resilient urban environments.

Hiroshi Esaki

The analysis highlights the potential of digital technology in enhancing energy efficiency, particularly through the use of cloud computing. It suggests that adopting digital technologies can result in over 80% energy savings. A footprints analysis reveals that following the EP100 plan can increase renewable energy usage to 25-30%. Therefore, digital technology can improve energy efficiency by up to 50%.

The analysis also emphasizes the positive impact of cloud computing and sharing economy in reducing energy consumption. Migrating from on-premise computers to data centers can lead to a 30-40% energy cut, thanks to high-performance HVAC systems. Additionally, cloud computing can save 70-80% energy through sharing economy.

Digital twin technology is highlighted as a tool for optimizing energy usage in system operation. A 12-year-old implementation resulted in a 31% energy productivity improvement, and current digital twin technologies can further reduce energy use.

Redesigning physical systems using digital technologies can significantly reduce carbon footprint. Comparative cost analysis shows improved energy productivity when digital transportation replaces physical transportation.

Collaboration between academia and industry is essential for effective decarbonization strategies. An example is provided where Tokyo University achieved over 30% decrease in energy consumption through collaboration. Young students working with seniors are seen as crucial for the future.

Hands-on experience and technology usage are emphasized, not just as theoretical study tools. A visit to Microsoft’s Redmond headquarters illustrates the importance of a concrete touch in the system.

Criticism is raised towards the government-initiated ‘smart city’ approach, advocating for a multi-stakeholder action involving academia and industry.

The concept of democratization is discussed, particularly in relation to data privacy and ownership. It emphasizes the need for a multi-stakeholder discussion.

In conclusion, digital technology has transformative potential in improving energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Cloud computing, sharing economy, and digital twin technology are key drivers. Collaboration between academia and industry is crucial, and hands-on experience and technology usage are essential. The government-led ‘smart city’ approach is criticized, and democratization in data privacy and ownership is highlighted. Policymakers, industry professionals, and researchers can benefit from these insights for a sustainable future.

Masami Ishiyama

Microsoft is leading the way in sustainability by adopting a comprehensive approach. By 2030, they aim to achieve carbon negativity, water positivity, and zero waste. This ambitious goal demonstrates their commitment to reducing their environmental impact and addressing sustainability challenges across their entire company. Microsoft is actively involved in various sustainability initiatives, including the G20 Global Smart City Alliance project, showing their dedication to collaborating with other organizations to drive sustainable change on a global scale.

Data and technology play a crucial role in Microsoft’s sustainability strategy. They have developed innovative solutions that leverage data analytics and technology to optimize energy usage and reduce their environmental footprint. For example, their smart building solution, in partnership with Ionic and equipped with Power BI, Azure IoT, and Dynamics 365, has shown a 6-10% reduction in annual energy consumption. Microsoft also utilizes one of the world’s largest corporate real estate data stores to optimize operations and save money, highlighting the value of data in driving sustainability efforts. Their operational platforms, Data and BI, along with Azure Digital Twin, contribute to enhancing sustainability by providing efficient data management and processing capabilities.

Microsoft recognizes the importance of data ownership and privacy in the digital age. They are committed to safeguarding customer permissions and protecting their data against potential threats. By empowering customers to have control over their data, Microsoft ensures transparency and supports their data privacy concerns. This strong emphasis on data ownership aligns with the principles of industry innovation and strong institutions outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The implementation of effective smart campus strategies exemplifies Microsoft’s commitment to sustainability in both their internal operations and external collaborations. For instance, their partnership with Temple University has resulted in optimizing energy efficiency and reducing resource usage. Microsoft’s smart campus strategy involves streamlining processes, identifying clear Internet of Things (IoT) use cases, managing construction schedules, and maintaining accurate floor plans. By prioritizing energy optimization and resource management, Microsoft demonstrates their dedication to creating sustainable campuses and positively impacting the environment.

Furthermore, Microsoft provides software solutions, such as Azure Digital Twin, that have the potential to reduce electricity consumption. By utilizing this technology in buildings, energy efficiency can be improved, contributing to the goal of affordable and clean energy outlined in the SDGs.

Data ownership and governance concerns are major obstacles in today’s digital landscape. Microsoft recognizes the growing importance of generative AI and data and supports the need for clear data ownership and controls. They assert that data ownership belongs to the customer and that a multi-stakeholder decision-making process is crucial in addressing data ownership concerns. This stance aligns with the principles of peace, justice, and strong institutions highlighted in the SDGs.

Overall, Microsoft’s comprehensive sustainability approach is demonstrated through their goals of carbon negativity, water positivity, and zero waste by 2030. Their involvement in global sustainability initiatives, use of data and technology to optimize energy usage, commitment to data ownership and privacy, successful implementation of smart campus strategies, and software offerings for reducing electricity consumption all showcase their dedication to sustainability. Microsoft’s approach not only aligns with the SDGs but also highlights their commitment to responsible corporate citizenship and driving positive change.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
We’ll give him a microphone. Good morning, everyone. I’d like to warmly welcome all of you to this vital session where we delve into the concept of smart campuses and their potential to revolutionize the way our universities operate, not just technologically, but also with a perspective of social, economic, and environmental responsibility. Universities play an integral role in shaping the minds of the next generation. And as we stand at the cusp of a digital revolution, it is imperative for these institutions to integrate smart and sustainable solutions into their infrastructure. Today’s session will unveil the intricacies of creating campuses that are both state-of-the-art and sustainable. Today we are honored to have with us, sorry for that, today we are honored to have with us Mr. Corey Krigman, Task Force member from the G20 Global Smart Alliance, and Mr. Masami Ishiyama from Microsoft Japan, and Dr. Hiroshi Ezaki from the University of Tokyo. And I’m Yuta Hirayama, as a moderator and advisor to the G20 Global Smart Alliance. This is a session overview. We also should write on the inspiring new public-private partnership, or PPP, led by esteemed institutions and corporations. A notable highlight of this initiative is the collaboration between the University of Tokyo and Microsoft, alongside other key players. This initiative is facilitated by the G20 Global Smart Alliance, which I belong to, and aims to build a global campus network. The essence of this network is to harness the potential of IT, networking, data security, and governance practices to foster cutting-edge research on sustainable design and emerging technologies. We also explore the pathway to achieving a net-zero footprint through pioneering digital infrastructures that leverage IT, IoT, generative AI, and more. The focus is not just on creating new green designs, but also on retrofitting existing structures to make them energy-efficient, aligning with global standards and supporting the green economy. Okay. This is a session overview, and I’m opening and introducing now, and after this, you know, I try to explain about what the G20 Global Smart Alliance is, and then I will move to the other speakers. Good. So maybe you may not know what the G20 Global Smart Alliance is, and this activity was born in 2019. So at that time, Japan government was the G20 presidency, and we tried to put the smart city, the world’s smart city, it be kind of the topic in G20 discussions. In 2020, also, Saudi Arabia government is also pushed to discuss about what the importance of the smart city. 2019, 2020, there are so many smart city projects built all over the world. On the other hand, technology governance is the issue. For example, the privacy issue, or vendor lock-in issue, or fragmented business model is also very difficult. So we tried to, our mandate is, sorry for that, our mandate was to bring together global stakeholders to establish and advance a set of global norms for the ethical and responsible use of smart technologies in cities. So that is what we wanted to do. After that, actually from 2019 to 2022, we developed five principles for responsible and ethical smart cities, and also we developed some model policies. Model policy is like, you know, there are so many technology governance issues over there. However, we gathered many experts from all over the world, and like Esaki-sensei and Corey is one of the task force members, but we discussed what the issue in the city and what, you know, policy should be more, like, prioritized to adapt to the cities. And we discussed a lot, and then we are developing some policies. For example, one of that is the accessibility policy. So like, you know, there are so many, you know, accessibility issues over there, so we try to put such policy to the cities, and then we try to increase that kind of, you know, reduce that kind of gap in here, and also, like, privacy impact assessment policies also we developed. This is very important policy for many cities, and in Japan, this policy, it was introduced by the cabinet office, and then now gradually implementing to some cities. For example, the Tsukuba city, one of the super city, is implementing this policy to their cities. On the other hand, and also open data policy is also very important, but our, you know, project was not only developing the policy, but how to implement this kind of policy to the cities, and then we try to develop some, you know, city network here, and then now, you know, globally, we have more than 36 pioneer cities, and also we have some, you know, local cities, local kind of the regional alliances is over there, and like Japan, we have more than 37, 8 cities in Japanese community, and also now we are developing Latin America or ASEAN network, so we are developing such kind of regional alliances, and, you know, in 2021, the Global Smart City Alliance was received the Governance and Economy Award in Smart City Expo World Congress. So our project was kind of, you know, popular these days, but I know many people doesn’t know this, so today I’m very honored to introduce our project. And lastly, last March, we had a joint event with Japan government, and so these photos are the G7 official public-private event high-level roundtable for the G7 Sustainable Urban Development Minister’s meeting, and in this event, Dr. Ezaki-sensei and Corey had met in the session, and now we are starting to discuss about today’s main topic, green building policies. So I’d love to introduce what the Global Smart City Alliance was, you know, did. Okay, my story is too long, so I’d like to pass to Corey. So, Corey, are you okay?

Corey Glickman:
Yes, I am. Can you hear me? Yeah, yeah, I can hear you. Please. Yes, excellent. Okay, well, first of all, thank you very much. So I’m Corey Glickman, and I just want to spend a few minutes talking a bit about the transformation component. So first part is talk about the overview of the transformation of the built environment for wellness across multiple sectors, and that would include the idea of residence, agriculture, administration, industry and commerce, education and research, infrastructure services, and transportation and communication, and these components make up the diverse community activities that we all experience in our urban environments. And what works very well that we know is putting in smart monitors and controls across all aspects of cities, we would focus on areas of transport, buildings, environment, life, events, infrastructure and utilities. And when we do this, we enable communities to transform the urban landscape. Next slide, please. So there are four aspects that we synthesize or levers that we use in this idea of transforming the built environment. The first one is decarbonization. So radically reduce the emissions for a zero carbon built environment. Second is democratization. So provide equitable wellness for resilience for the living environment. The third is digitalization, having a digital backbone that smartly connects our buildings, our distributed energy resources, our people and our businesses. And the fourth is demonstration. The ability to visualize our hypothesis and our tests that sets the direction for the next generation of city transformation experts. These are absolutely vital for us to be able to show what progress can be made and what ideas can be put forward across this year. And then lastly, what I’d like to talk about very quickly is the vision. So we create this vision for a zero carbon built environment by promoting this equitable wellness and resilience. And probably the most important lesson that I can share with you, having done this for several years now in several cities around the world, and what we’ve done with the G20 and our partners here, is we know that decarbonization is actually a user-centric, multi-stakeholder approach. That will fail when it’s enforced by governments that are not supported by democratized action. That means you can set those standards as a government level and policy level, but if everybody does not contribute and participate, it is going to fail. We see that happen. So the action item that we can most leave you with is that you need to demonstrate by leading. You need to have the whole community participate, particularly those that are experts and those that are in their learning institutions and those in the businesses. And when that happens, that democratization, teams with government, teams with public and private entities, is when you truly see transformation take place. So with that, I’d like to thank you for your time, and I’d like to pass it on to the next speaker.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Okay. Thank you, Corey, for those enlightening insights. Moving forward, it’s crucial for us to view these transformations through the lens of one of the tech industry giants to discuss Microsoft’s vision on achieving net zero with digital. I’d like to welcome Mr. Masami Shiyama. Over to you, Masami.

Masami Ishiyama:
Thank you. This is Masami from Microsoft Japan. So I’m going to introduce the Microsoft Sustainability Initiative and Smart Campus Matter very quickly. So the reason why I’m here is that Microsoft is a task force member at the G20 Global Smart City Alliance project, as Yuta-san said. And also, another reason is that Microsoft has just announced, agreed and signed the strategic MOU with the University of Tokyo on the green transformation last August. In this agreement, Microsoft is exploring a way to support the University of Tokyo’s effort to achieve net zero emission through the use of our technology. So I will touch on those details later on in this session. So firstly, let us introduce how Microsoft has been tackling the sustainability agenda as a whole company. Here is a bit of history on our journey and the future goals. Since back in 2009, Microsoft established our first carbon emission reduction goal. For more than a decade, we have a steady build on our commitment to innovation and investment in technologies. Onward to 2050, we will continue to reduce by removing the company direct or electricity use emission since we were founded in 1975. Big commitment and big announcement. And this slide, here is a simplified view of our future goals. Carbon negative, water positive, zero waste by 2030. And we are also building a planetary computer to better monitor, model and manage the world ecosystem and protect more land than we use. Across the company, we are driving this ambitious goal internally and helping set best practice and new standards for business around the world with software-driven innovation. Already, we see a new area of solution emerging driven by data. Through our work with customers and partners such as managing data using advanced analytics, machine learning and a virtual model in the cloud, we are helping organization in many aspects. As you can see, we are building on space topic, supply chain topic, also circular economy topic and also smart grid infrastructure solution topic. When it comes to data, as the G20 alliance focused on technology governance, discussion often lies around the ownership and control of data. At Microsoft, we have fundamental principle. Your data belongs to you. We don’t use your data for our business. When you or your customer desire to open up your data, we commit to safeguarding your permissions and protecting your data against potential threats. Today’s main is building and space, so let’s see our own example first. When it comes to sustainability campus at Microsoft, we run like a medium size of city that is scattered across the globe. That vision is to build, deliver and operate connected, accessible, sustainable and secure workspace that creates the best employer experience. So this is customer number one for us, for smart building solution. Our initial effort to reduce power consumption in our building was focused on the headquarter, Microsoft Redmond campus, which spanned 125 buildings serving more than 60,000 people. Across the campus, there were multiple building system, 60 million annual UTT spend. Microsoft used Ionic, who is a partner solution running on Azure and extended with Power BI, Azure IoT and Dynamics 365 to remotely monitor and manage the building across the campus. As a result of initial effort, Microsoft achieved a 6 to 10% reduction in annual energy usage with implementation payback in less than 18 months. So when we think about the smart campus, employer experience or student experience is very key, meaning such as productivity, hybrid, wellness or access. In order to improve the employer or student experience with the campus, we need to platform and operations that help optimize how we build and run our real estate. We have two operational platforms, Data and BI, and also Azure Data Twin, and six operational functions on the right side. So today’s agenda is the smart campus, so my slide will touch on Data and AI and Azure Data Twin today. So first one, Data and BI. So we run one of the world’s largest corporate real estate data store, which we rely on to optimize the operations and save money. There are about 20 resources, sources of data inputted. However, the real value comes from the ability to combine the data source for insight. For sustainability example, we have UTT cost data for electricity, natural gas, fuel, including transport fuels, waste, including recycled and water. The next level up is to apply machine learning to it. Like two use case, number one is space optimization, batch data plus Wi-Fi MAC address. Number two is energy efficiency, a more smart start. So another one is Azure Data Twin, and other foundational platform. So it’s to create the digital replicas of our physical world. The digital twin is a normal world. Our physical world means things, place, people, and state, and the slide shows example of each. So like data, having the digital representation of physical world is only valuable when we use it. For example, sensor system that detect environmental conditions such as temperature and air quality. We have a lot of smart campus space practice and case studies around the world, but we’re going to introduce the campus universities case study. So this one is about Temple University in Philadelphia. Temple University facility and operations need to create a smart building strategy to optimize operation across its 240 buildings to reduce cost and enhance service for its school, business, employers, and student. So Microsoft partner eMagic utilized Microsoft Azure Digital Twin solution in five buildings on Temple’s Philadelphia campus as the initial phase of the integrated facility management solution. This solution enables the university to cut cost, optimize energy efficiency, and reduce technology and resources and improving service level on the campus. So as I mentioned at the beginning, based on those technology component and case studies, as I said, we are exploring a way to support the University of Tokyo’s effort as a first step to achieve net zero emissions through our technologies. Of course, the University of Tokyo has been doing various activities about green transformation so far, such as the Sustainable Campus Project starting in 2008, and also participation in the Net Zero, Race to Zero campaign, and also publication of the UTokyo Climate Action last year, starting last year. The goal of our first campus GX project is to help them improve energy efficiency from sustainability perspective. This has both environmental impact and its technology architecture could apply to other smart campus scenarios outside of the University of Tokyo, not in Japan, not to all over the world. So as we mentioned, the G20 Smart City Alliance focus on technology governance. Microsoft stick to a basic rule, as I said, your data is yours. As I stated in the bottom right corner of the slide, open data environment. This one, yeah. And we started the campus GX project as a pilot, which aimed to reduce energy through smart campus technology, and have been discussing the architecture and how to adapt the technology. With that, we will expand the current smart campus pilot project, which aims to reduce energy consumption with Microsoft technology, collaborating with GUTP, Green University of Tokyo project, which Esaki-sensei is leading, to create smart building reference architecture, which would influence other smart building policy and the entire industry. So this is last slide of my session. I’ll end by mentioning some lesson learning that Microsoft about the smart campus. Number one, starting with data, begin by collecting and analyzing data from sensor and system to identify the campus issue and opportunities. The data insight forms a foundation for effective strategy. Number two, optimize process. Before introducing the new technology, optimize the existing process for effective strategy. So number three is define IoT use case. So let’s specify a clear use case for IoT device, such as monitoring energy consumption or improving security. Number four, importance of the floor plan. So it is crucial for smart campus implementation. So let’s have an accurate floor plan, so that’s a key. Number five, lastly, the construction schedule. So properly manage construction schedule for new infrastructure and technology, meeting the budget and deadline requirement. So thank you for listening, and hand over to Dr. Esaki-san.

Hiroshi Esaki:
Thank you for introduction. I want to share with you a concrete number or concrete action based on the vision the Microsoft or Hirayama-san or WEF are having. The important thing is we should show what we can do using digital technology or using the Internet. First one is many of you may not know about EP100, that’s the electrical energy productivity 100%, which means using the digital technology, you want to improve the efficiency, especially energy efficiency by double, meaning the same work can be done by a half of energy. That is relatively quite easy in the case of digital. For example, when we use Google or Microsoft regarding their application, when we have the cloud computing, more than 80% of energy saving be able to do. That is not a false number, that’s really, really we can do. This is the footprint in 2022, how many carbon footprint each country has. The important thing is this is the how many or high ratio of the renewable energy introduction in each country. Some of the country already 90% or 80%. Most of the developed country probably 30% or 20%, means it’s large percentage of renewable energy we have to introduce that you may consider. When you think about EP100, the number you have to introduce into your world about renewable energy going to half, that’s the real number. This is, for example, Germany or UK or Spain or Ireland, when you have every single industry, every single factory or campus went to an EP100, we can reduce the power energy consumption into 50%, then only 25% of the increase in the renewable energy. In the case of Germany or UK or Spain, you can think about this as a practical number you can do. This is India, USA, and Japan. We need just a plus 150% renewable energy increase. That would be possible to do, not the five times, not the 10, 10 times larger renewable energy. That is the power of digital or the internet, you can realize. Also, I want to put in front of you three techniques for decarbonization. First one is going to already built system that’s as-is system solution. Second thing is energy grabs by the digital twin for the system operation. That means there are many opportunity to apply data-centric operation or artificial intelligence that this IGF team, that’s going to be applied to quite easily when we have accurate data. Second one is to be for the future infrastructure design. That is quite important for developing country or emerging countries, even for developed countries. So in the case of design, we must reduce the number of physical resources using digital technology. Also we design the system by design, the construction and operation, how we use the digital technologies. This is one of the example when you think about both IT or by IT as-is and to be. The left-hand top, that’s going to be explained by the Microsoft, that is digital twin. That is graphing whole of the system behavior or how the system are going to do. Important thing is the computer itself be able to analyze and visualize the system operation when you have the digital twin. This is one of the example 12 years ago, I hacked, I’m sorry, I digitized digital twin at my university against the earthquake, shocking in Japan. My campus spending 66 megawatt. My building consume one megawatt. When we have digital twin, we can reduce 31% or 22% energy saving. I don’t want to say energy saving, that is energy productivity improvement, going to be 30% or 20%. It was 12 years ago, technology going to be improved a lot. So more complicated, more good, digital twin going to be done. And also at that time, we are academia. Microsoft is industry. Important function of the academia is want to have interoperability. So we hate lock-on by Microsoft, nor Google, nor Met, even that, right? That is important thing is a multistakeholder discussion should have those kind of global standard for interoperability. So next one is the ASIS of IT, that is yet another interesting thing you can do. This is the actual example, practical resolution. Also this is more than 10 years ago, BMW in Germany has their own IT set of facilities. They analyze all of the tasks in their company. Then they realize only 20% of the tasks require small latency and very critical data. It must be in nearby their facilities or 80% of the tasks allowing large latency and no critical data like R&D simulation or the others means 80% of the tasks be able to migrate to 100% renewable energy country, which is Iceland and Sweden, right? Since the Internet or computer system can be globally distributed, then you can select the location or soil, whatever you want. That is 12 years ago lesson learned, we did. Tech technology be able to apply those kind of thing, right? So this is the lesson learned from this, 100% renewable energy, going to be done in somewhere on the earth. Then also some of the on-premise computers be able to go into the data center. Then at least 30 or 40% energy cut be able to, due to the very high performance HVACs. When you use a cloud, as I mentioned, 70 or 80% be able to cut by sharing economy. Sharing economy is also good, not only for the power saving, but also the resource reduction. The physical resource like computers or HVACs or the other, or building itself, large reduction of the system be able to do. So the other one, especially for developing country or emerging countries, 2B, how you think about design infrastructure. This is the cyber first I mentioned. By IT, for the 2B environment, think about assuming you have sophisticated good digital technology. So this is one of the example. This is the logistics in about 200 years ago. It was exclusive logistics system every single industry, every single company has. That is the exclusive use, exclusive build, the infrastructure. What the very good invention by the human being was container and pilot. This went to sharing economy in physical package transportation. When you have a container or a pilot, every single material be able to put into the same package. The package be able to transfer by airplane, train, ship, or car, whatever you have, which is a completely perfect sharing economy for existing material or merchandise as well as future materials. One of the example using this particular infrastructure was Amazon. So this is before the Internet. What the Internet did was exactly the same thing as container and pilot. Digital information going to be transferred everywhere on any technology like Wi-Fi, glass fibers, copper fibers, and also any material digitized thing going to be able to transfer everywhere on the earth, like text, video, voice, whatever you have, a program as well, or recipe for the 3D printer as well. One of the other thing I want to share is the cost of carbon footprint regarding the physical object transformation versus digital object transformation. The huge cost is going to be different. Huge energy productivity improvement can be done, replace the physical transportation to digital transportation is going to be done. This is actual number, material, electricity versus digital bits, two order of magnitude. This is real number I discussed with a power company in Japan, how the difference cost on the operational cost, the investment cost, install, and operation, and replacement, then digital bits are going to be 100 once compared to electricity. Electricity versus material, yet another two order of magnitude difference. This is very interesting. So this is the reason why I put in those slides is we want to show the demonstration, what we can do at the concrete number from the figures. Thank you.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Thank you very much, Esaki-sensei. We have now arrived at our interactive session. So this is a golden opportunity for all attendees to pose questions, share thoughts, or discuss any of the topics we’ve touched upon today. So does anyone have any questions here? Maybe a first note. I think, Corey, are you there? Maybe you wanted to introduce one video, right?

Corey Glickman:
Certainly.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
So could you introduce shortly about the video, and I will ask the IT operator to start the video.

Corey Glickman:
Absolutely. So this video represents a program that I had worked on with Berkeley University, with India, and with the U.S. government, looking at the transformation of cities in the use of the technologies of the areas that we’ve discussed. So the way to view this video is a program that was ran for seven years and went across three countries, and it’s sharing some of the lessons and some of the activities that took place. If you would like to run the video, that would be great. Yeah, okay. India is poised to become the fifth largest economy in the world. As more buildings are added at a healthy rate of 8% every year, building energy use is skyrocketing. Trends in the Indian construction, especially the new construction, the urban heat increase and the high occupancy levels in India present unique challenges to the building ecosystem. India enjoys many advantages, including a strong tradition of passively cooled buildings, a wide occupant tolerance to heat, a ready supply of local sustainable construction materials, inexpensive labor and craft costs, and careful use of resources. At Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we are committed to working with Indian research community, industry, and government to develop building technologies that enhance building comfort, push the envelope for efficiency, and improve the health, safety, and life of building occupants in both countries. The United States and India have been collaborating on a U.S.-India joint center for building energy research and development called CBERD. CBERD is a dynamic public-private partnership that involves academic research institutions and partners in both countries that do collaborative research to bring new energy efficiency technology to both U.S. and India. In CBERD, we deploy what we call a three-by-three model. The first three is make sure that we advance government policies, industrial practice, and research findings about energy-efficient buildings, and the second three is making sure that we understand how to design them right, how to build them right, and how to operate them right. Only when this happens, we are able to implement on a wide scale throughout the economy energy-efficient buildings with technologies that are highly cost-effective and are able to reduce energy consumption per square foot by about a factor of five below what is the norm. Through the collaborative research between U.S. researchers and Indian researchers, over the last five years of CBIRD, we have developed nine new technologies, 40 significant exchanges between Indian scientists and U.S. scientists, more than 100 peer-reviewed publications, four patent disclosures, and we have more than 10 demonstrations. One of the guiding principles of doing that was to bring together information technology and physical systems. U.S. has had a long lead for building world-class physical systems, facades, HVAC systems, high-efficiency chillers, and so on. India has a fantastic depth in technical prowess in information technology. Our goal was to bring them together in a way that benefits both countries, and each country gets more than what they put in. Working shoulder-to-shoulder on common problems, developing joint publications, joint technologies, having joint demonstration projects, has led to such a deep mutual respect and understanding that I couldn’t have imagined we would be ending at this point. The expertise that the U.S. scientists brought in in this Indo-U.S. collaborative project on building energy efficiency was very helpful. It helped in accelerating the research, developing products and processes which can be deployed and make a real difference in the building sector in India. Another way we collaborate between the U.S. and India is by developing tools and resources for the public that are available on our websites, as well as new facilities like this game-changing facility called FlexLab. FlexLab is the world’s most advanced testbed for energy-efficient technologies. FlexLab is also a testing system to allow us to integrate the systems with the electric grid, with batteries and photovoltaic systems. I want to mention the new Best Practices Guide that is a tool for how to design energy-efficient buildings, and it has a lot of information on designing the façade, the HVAC systems and other components for low-energy buildings. These best practices are particularly suited to the cultural, climatic and construction context of India. The guide is based on three core principles. One, using a triple bottom-line framework for energy-efficiency decision-making, using financial capital, environmental capital and enhanced working environments as a theme. Two, aggressive but achievable energy performance targets. And three, creating a shared set of values across all stakeholders, from building owners, developers, builders, architects, engineers and policy makers. The strategic insight into design, the idea of integrating the building with its electromechanical systems in conceptualizing solutions is a real lesson here. It is the technical depth, the analytical framework and the advice that is given, whereas as the guide goes across various climatic zones and looks at different technical solutions, is extremely helpful indeed. I think it’s a great piece of work. I feel like India is being propelled into a digital and decarbonized future, and buildings are a prime opportunity to actually use this advantage and really make and shape the future.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
So Corey, thank you for introducing the video. As Esaki-sensei mentioned, India and the US and Japan are not advanced in using renewable energy, right? So I think we have much space to increase this kind of field. So Corey, I want to ask you, based on your experience in the digital transformation landscape, what do you believe are the primary obstacles, not only the universities, but today we discussed about green building policy in universities, but not only the university but more like the business field. So what is the obstacle of this field? Do you have any thought?

Corey Glickman:
Sure. I would say experience has taught us that the vision really has to be led, I think, with a portion of the city. So just as you’re talking about the University of Tokyo teaming with Microsoft, that is a great place to start. You can define what is a smart space or a smart city. And so an obstacle would be, although you have to have very large ambitions, you need to choose a section that is doable, and you need to start fast, actually. And many of these technologies, these digital twins, and these ideas of IoT devices, they exist, right? So I would start with tried and true technologies. If you think too far out that only technologies you can depend on five years, 10 years from now are being discovered, you’re not going to move very fast. You should start with known technology, do something that’s sizable, but also look at scale and do responsible R&D. And I think the biggest obstacle is ultimately aligning the visionary leadership to the actual implementers, right? It goes back to that democratization and getting people on the ground to do this. Ideas of digital twins and visualization is a huge way of overcoming this and really having success. Great. Thank you. So I think you are developing the green building model policy in the G20 Global Smart Alliance, right? So if possible, could you introduce some point about you are developing the policy? Certainly. So one of the programs that we are leading is looking at what we call the Green Sustainability City Alliance right now. And it’s about taking policies that, of course, would make sense for cities, but there’s a lot out there, right? Many organizations doing things. So what we looked at was saying, let’s look at existing policies and start with areas that would have the most impact and build upon others’ work already versus reinventing or going in a different direction. So our first policy is actually embodied carbon. And we said embodied carbon for existing buildings. We’re going to do new buildings eventually, but we take existing structures first. And then the second part that we’re going to be looking at for policy is actually procurement. So the idea of sustainable procurement. How do you choose the right materials? How do you get to the right economics coming across there? And then the third area we’re still exploring. It takes about six to eight months to do a policy. We’re just finishing the embodied carbon one. And we’re starting the sustainable procurement. We’ll likely be zoning. And zoning is so important, but it’s a very complex government issue, locality issue. And I would say the lesson that we’ve learned over and over again that we hear from everybody, it’s about contextualization or localization. You can take a great policy that works in London or that works in Tokyo. And does that translate to Kyoto? Or does that translate to another city? You probably have to do something upstream or downstream in order for that policy to make sense, right? And I would say the other one is that when you ask other policy leaders who are working on these programs, they’re very open to discussing and to sharing their networks. And that’s another very powerful thing. I think often policy groups try to work in their own silos, and they don’t reach out enough. And when they do, you can quickly accelerate what’s taking place. So that’s really what we’re looking at right now.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Great. So thank you. So what role do you see for global IT companies shaping the future of smart campuses or smart buildings? I mean, so now, yeah.

Corey Glickman:
So they’re going to play a very key role. Because ultimately, these systems have to live in a digital backbone, right? They have to be digitalized for this to work. So that’s the hyperscalers. This is the Microsofts, right? This is these tool sets that come across there. So IT global, even as we talk about whether it’s generative AI or other areas that are more traditional about running systems, think of this. All buildings already run off of systems. We already have systems that look at our economics, that look at our energy, that look at our mobility. However, as we look at sustainability, and we look for these efficiencies that Dr. Esagai was talking about, we have to build things upstream and downstream connectors to those backbones. When he talked about BMW, unless it works in their centralized system, they’re building attachments. They’re not rebuilding things from scratch. And that’s what’s important for this consistency. Because it’s this specialized factory approach combined with academic R&D leadership, I think is really what does very well. And I will say that the winning formula that I see right now is what I’m seeing taking place at this point at this table. And what it means is this. If you can take a university academic-led project and look at something like an airport or a controlled part of the city, and you can get a major IT global service provider with that, and with the policymakers, you have the chance to have that winning formula.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Thank you very much. So back to the Tokyo University’s cases. So I think you already realized more than 30% decreasing of the energy consumption, right? So what is the key point? I think you have more key kind of the issue to implementing such kind of decarbonized decision. Do you have any thoughts?

Hiroshi Esaki:
Well, simple thing is we love technology, and we love Earth, and we love globe. So also, we really love the students. They’re working together. Also, they are future power to change the world. So that’s an important thing when we have a collaboration with industry and academia. In the case of academia, not only the senior professors, they don’t have any power anymore, right? The younger people have a lot of powers and experience to the future. So when I talk with a colleague, he initiated leading universities’ collaboration about such a technological hackathon or demonstrations. In his slide, there is a demonstration is quite important, right? How we show the fact or knowledge, experience, sharing those things is quite important, not only by document, by real experience. But touching to the computer system in the arriving building or campus, that is quite important. So that is that we share with Microsoft when we went to the Redmond headquarter office. We really share. Engineers or executives should touch on real system. They realize what’s going on. Then think about the real solution or concrete solution, not the politician we are. That’s the colleague firstly mentioned. The mistake of the smart city at this point of time is government-initiated, not a multi-stakeholder action. We didn’t. So we must have multi-stakeholder, agile approach with academia and industry, with supporting by government. That is the important model we want to share based on the practical experience. That is the IGF should do. The other thing is the democratization. That is yet another point the colleague mentioned about. Not controlled by the single large company nor large government. The data itself owned by users, right? So how to protect those privacy or intellectual property? Then though we must have the kind of collaboration in the case of the public sectors, infrastructures or private sectors. That kind of very careful, very healthy multi-stakeholder discussion about how to manage the data privacy or data usage is yet another thing. Important thing is that is not determined by government. It must be determined by multi-stakeholder discussion.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
So do you want to introduce? Okay. So thank you, as I can say. Then move on to the, I’d like to ask to Ishii-san about. So this is actually, so when I heard the, you know, Microsoft, you know, Azure Digital Twin, I’m very interested because, you know, using the IT software, you know, so this means, you know, we use the electricity, but we can reduce the electricity, right? So this is kind of a compliment, but, you know, this is very interesting. So as Esak-sensei mentioned, but, you know, like the Microsoft is definitely the giant. And if you provide such kind of software to each building, maybe many building owners or, you know, some developers or they kind of, you know, worry about that, right? So as a technology governance issue, so what is the obstacle on your business field? Or if you have any thoughts or, you know, things, could you share this?

Masami Ishiyama:
Yeah, thanks for your questions. Well, as Yuta-san said, governance of the IT and also data is very important. So we see that not only the general IT, but also now the generative AI is very, like, appearing very rapidly. So as I said, the ownership of the data and control of the data is really important, even more important than ever. So as Dr. Esak said, the multi-stakeholder decision-making is really important. So to do that, it’s – so we think about the – how I can say? We think about the ownership of the data. So that could be the obstacle. As Microsoft said, Microsoft said that data ownership is the customer, but we need to – multi-stakeholder need to recognize that to move forward very smoothly. Yeah, I guess.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Thank you very much. But Corey mentioned, like, you know, so as a global smart alliance, we are developing the kind of green building, you know, model policies. But I think, you know, for many companies, if we have such kind of the guideline, you know, model policy, I think it’s very easy to discuss for, I mean, you know, what is the standard. And, you know, if we know that this is very, you know, easy to implement such kind of thing. So I think, you know, we really needed to implement such kind of policy to the market. Yeah. Thank you very much. So still we have three, four minutes. So if the, you know, participants have any questions, I’d like to ask to the speaker, but do you have – no? Oh, yeah, online also. Okay, I can’t see any questions. So maybe, you know, after the session, if you want to communicate with each speaker. Okay, could you read this?

Audience:
Taro mentioned, I think it should be science, technology, engineering, medicine. STEM, the education thing. So please feel free to add any question.

Moderator – Hiroshi Esaki:
Okay, so could you back to the slide? Sorry. So I just want to mention some points. So I know, you know, in this venue, you know, there are so many experts here. And definitely, you know, what we discussed today, we are a lot of experts. And if you want to join the G20 Global Smart Alliance Network, let me know that. So there are so many, you know, experts, policy makers, academia and private sector, you know, experts joining our, you know, project. And they are, you know, discussing about what, you know, policy should be implemented to the city. And, you know, we are always welcome. So let me know if you want to join this. And as a conclusion, so thank you very much for participating today. What an enlightening session we have with the HUD. From understanding the Smart Campus Blueprint to discussing cutting-edge technologies role, it’s clear that the future of education infrastructure is on a promising path. A special thank you to our esteemed speakers for sharing their knowledge and to all attendees for their active participation. We don’t have any questions. Let’s carry forward these learnings and insight to make our campus smarter and our world a better place. Thank you and see you in the next session of IGF. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much for coming. Thank you very much.