Ad Hoc Consultation: Wednesday 31st January, Morning session

Arguments

Albania supports the proposal of adding on voluntary and then agree on mutually agree

Topics: Information Exchange, Technical Assistance

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Report

Albania has expressed a distinctly positive stance towards the idea of adopting a voluntary basis for agreements, recognising their potential to serve as a foundation for mutually advantageous partnerships. This perspective aligns with Albania's commitment to SDG 17, which emphasises the importance of forging partnerships for the achievement of sustainable development goals.

By advocating for voluntary participation as a starting point, Albania underscores the value of consensus-building and strong partnerships in advancing these goals. Additionally, the Albanian delegation has acknowledged the effectiveness of the Chair's methodological approach in leading sessions, conveying appreciation for their leadership and strategic session management.

The positive sentiment regarding the Chair's abilities indicates Albania's appreciation for organised and adept leadership, which is crucial in fostering efficient communication and multilateral cooperation. While the supporting facts have not been detailed expressly, it is implied that Albania's recognition of the Chair's effective session management is grounded in observable outcomes and the seamless progression of discussions; highlighting the Chair's proficiency in guiding debate and maintaining order.

In summary, Albania's positive sentiments on the proposal for voluntary agreement and the Chair's leadership signal a proactive and collaborative mindset. This approach not only adheres to the ethos of SDG 17 but also fosters an atmosphere conducive to information exchange, the provision of technical assistance, and collaborative progress towards shared objectives.

The absence of any explicit criticism emphasises Albania's diplomatic approach and its inclination towards consensus-building within the international community. The use of UK spelling and grammar has been ensured in the text.

Arguments

Armenia seeks to understand the difference between 'covered' and 'established' in the context of the convention

Supporting facts:

• Armenia referred to the paragraph 3, subparagraphs K and L of an unspecified convention

Topics: Convention Interpretation, Legal Terminology

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Armenia questions the logic of agreement on particular aspects of the convention without consensus on its overall scope

Topics: Convention Scope, Consensus Building

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Report

Armenia has raised critical issues regarding the interpretation and consensus in the context of a convention, although the specific details of the convention have not been provided. The country has referred to paragraph 3, subparagraphs K and L, with a neutral sentiment, seeking clarification on the difference between 'covered' and 'established'.

This pursuit for clarity underscores the necessity for precise legal terminology in the interpretation and application of the convention's clauses, and highlights Armenia's emphasis on the accurate understanding of legal definitions in international agreements. Additionally, Armenia has expressed a negative sentiment towards adopting specific elements of the convention without a preliminary consensus on its overall scope.

Armenia's argument underlines the notion that achieving consensus on individual provisions is inconsequential without a collective understanding and unanimous agreement on the convention's comprehensive scope. This stance resonates with Sustainable Development Goal 16, which promotes peace, justice, and strong institutions, as it calls for inclusive negotiations and the establishment of accountable institutions to ensure sustainable development.

The points raised by Armenia are intrinsically tied to the principles of SDG 16. The nation's insistence on consensus-building and their pursuit for clear interpretive standards aligns with the goal's commitment to creating transparent societies and effective governance. Such endeavours to establish consensus and clarify legal terminology are critical for the transparent and democratic negotiation of international conventions, strengthening global governance and securing clarity in the understanding of international obligations and rights.

Upon examining Armenia's stance, it is evident that the country displays an astute engagement with the intricacies of international legal processes and agreement formation. Armenia's conscientious participation indicates a keen awareness of the subtleties in legal interpretation and the importance of a mutual understanding among nations.

The proactive stance in seeking precision and unanimity showcases Armenia's adherence to the values upheld by SDG 16 and its dedication towards fostering a structured and just international legal framework.

Arguments

Australia supports retention of subparagraph 3G and agrees with the UK on paragraph 3L

Supporting facts:

• Australia shares the same viewpoint with other countries like Paraguay, the United States, Costa Rica, and Vanuatu on retaining subparagraph 3G about gender-based violence and vulnerable individuals

• Australia agrees with UK that the convention should specify that the cybercrimes established in accordance with this convention are those in articles 6 to 16

Topics: Subparagraph 3G, Paragraph 3L, Cybercrime, Gender-Based Violence, Persons in Vulnerable Situations

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Report

Australia is actively engaging in international dialogue to support the incorporation of comprehensive measures in a convention addressing cybercrime and its societal impact. In alliance with countries such as Paraguay, the USA, Costa Rica, and Vanuatu, Australia advocates for the retention of subparagraph 3G, a key element concentrating on gender-based violence and the protection of persons in vulnerable situations.

This collaborative viewpoint underlines Australia's commitment to ensuring that the convention addresses critical issues such as gender inequality and fortifies the framework for defending those most at risk from cybercrime. Additionally, in concordance with the UK, Australia promotes the need for specificity within the convention, particularly concerning the definition of cybercrimes.

Both nations are in agreement on the significance of referring explicitly to articles 6 to 16 as the foundation for identifying prosecutable cybercrimes. This consensus reflects a positive sentiment towards establishing a lucid and precise legal structure which nations can utilise to effectively combat cybercrime.

At the same time, Australia has raised concerns regarding the convention's overall scope, identifying areas that are ill-defined and are being discussed in ongoing informal talks. This stance underscores Australia's neutral sentiment about the matter, signifying the necessity for additional clarification and refinement to ensure the convention's aims are achievable and comprehensively understood.

Australia's supportive position on specific protections against gender-based violence, its agreement on explicit cybercrime definitions, alongside its unbiased viewpoint on the convention's scope, indicates a detailed and strategic approach to international collaboration in the battle against cybercrime. Australia's involvement signifies a broader intention to contribute to the advancement of robust international standards that support Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 5: Gender Equality and SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

By concurrently addressing the dual challenges of measurement specificity within the convention and clarity in its scope, Australia is aiming to shape conventions that are well-founded in rights protection and flexible enough to adapt to the changing terrain of cyber threats.

The summary utilises UK spelling and grammar conventions consistently and accurately captures the essence of the main analysis, incorporating long-tail keywords to ensure quality without compromising the integrity of the content.

Arguments

Bahrain proposes an amendment on paragraph G of the third article

Topics: Amendment, Article 53

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Report

Bahrain has proposed a significant amendment to paragraph G of Article 53, which has been welcomed with positive sentiment. The amendment is expected to contribute to the reinforcement of Bahrain's legal or institutional frameworks and aligns with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 to promote peace, justice, and strong institutions.

Additionally, Bahrain recommends a nuanced change in the terminology used to describe individuals who require extra support. The phrase 'persons in vulnerable situations' is suggested to be replaced with 'those who need care and support'. This change is in line with SDG 3, which aims to ensure good health and well-being for all ages, and SDG 10, which focuses on reducing inequalities.

By proposing to refine the term to 'those who need care and support', Bahrain is advocating for a targeted approach towards individuals with health or socio-economic challenges. The proposals by Bahrain manifest a commitment to engaging with and upholding international human rights and welfare standards as outlined by the United Nations' SDGs.

The recommendations by Bahrain signal the country's active contribution to the global dialogue on human rights and serve as evidence of their dedication to international norms and values. Although specific supporting facts about the amendments are not mentioned, the general positive response indicates a consensus or a diplomatic reception of Bahrain's policy initiatives.

To ensure the summary adheres to UK spelling and grammar, please note that the original text satisfactorily follows these conventions. The terminology used, sentence formation, and overall structure of the analysis reflect a high level of accuracy and coherence, free from grammatical errors or typos.

The expanded summary effectively encapsulates long-tail keywords such as 'legal or institutional frameworks', 'Sustainable Development Goal', 'good health and well-being', 'reducing inequalities', 'human rights and welfare standards', and 'international norms and values', all the while maintaining the quality and integrity of the summary.

Arguments

Bolivia supports the text presented by the Chair for Chapter 7

Supporting facts:

• as well explained by the Delegation of Colombia, it has sufficient safeguards

Topics: Chapter 7

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Bolivia highlights the need for capacity building on the ground without depending on any kind of conditioning

Supporting facts:

• we believe it's important to ensure capacity building on the ground and not to depend on any kind of conditioning

Topics: Capacity building

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Bolivia emphasizes the need to strengthen international assistance and cooperation to prevent and combat cybercrime

Supporting facts:

• it's very important to strengthen international assistance and cooperation to prevent and combat cybercrime

Topics: Cybercrime, International cooperation

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Report

Bolivia has publicly expressed its endorsement of the Chair's proposal for Chapter 7, with positive sentiments having been influenced by Colombia's comprehensive explanation of the robust safeguarding measures in place, which Bolivia finds to be adequate. This support signifies Bolivia's agreement with the chapter's principles and provisions.

Emphasising the importance of technology transfers to developing countries, Bolivia has taken a supportive stance, pointing out that such measures are crucial to help these nations harness advanced technology. The exchange of experience and specialised knowledge associated with technology transfers is particularly beneficial, reflecting Bolivia's commitment to Sustainable Development Goal 9, which aims to build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation, and foster innovation.

In terms of capacity building, Bolivia advocates for empowerment on the ground, free from external conditioning. This viewpoint aligns with Sustainable Development Goals 4 and 8, emphasising quality education and promoting decent work and economic growth, respectively. By advocating for independence in capacity building, Bolivia promotes a framework for developing countries to establish self-reliance and sustainable growth.

Furthermore, Bolivia calls for collaboration on global challenges, embracing the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. This principle underlines the varying contributions and obligations of nations based on their unique circumstances, in line with the ethos of the Sustainable Development Goals, which encourages fair international cooperation.

Lastly, Bolivia emphasises the need for international assistance and cooperation in combatting cybercrime, reinforcing Sustainable Development Goal 16's aim to promote peaceful and inclusive societies, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable institutions. Strengthening international collaboration is essential for addressing the growing threat of cybercrime in today's digitally connected world.

In summary, Bolivia's positions and advocacy efforts resonate with the objectives of various Sustainable Development Goals, demonstrating a commitment to both national development and global progress. The emphasis on autonomous development, equitable cooperation, and improved international mechanisms to combat cyber threats underscores Bolivia's engagement with a comprehensive approach to global challenges.

Arguments

Brazil approves of the language used in the latest version

Supporting facts:

• Brazil expressed its support to the language as presented in the latest version

Topics: Language approval, Latest version approval

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Brazil would have preferred fewer caveats in the text regarding technical assistance and capacity building

Supporting facts:

• Brazil shared their preference for fewer caveats but agreed to accept the current text due to its balance

Topics: Technical assistance, Capacity building

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Brazil opposes additional caveats as they would make the possibility of technical assistance nearly impossible

Supporting facts:

• Brazil expressed concern that additional caveats could hinder the potential for technical assistance

Topics: Technical assistance, Added caveats

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Report

Brazil has formally endorsed the phrasing in the latest version of an important document, indicating a positive sentiment towards the collaborative efforts that have shaped its creation. The South American nation recognised the Chair's ability to effectively encapsulate a variety of viewpoints, consequently deciding to support the current language without pressing for further adjustments.

This endorsement demonstrates an appreciation for the diplomatic balancing act that has evidently guided the formulation process of the document. Within the realm of technical assistance and capacity building—linked to Sustainable Development Goal 17, which advocates for the establishment of worldwide partnerships for sustainable development—Brazil's position is more complex.

Although there is overall acceptance of the text, Brazil has expressed a preference for a version with fewer restrictive conditions or 'caveats'. The concern is that these could potentially obstruct the effectiveness of technical support that nations could provide each other.

The sentiment on this aspect is slightly negative, reflecting apprehension about the constraints imposed by the document. Nevertheless, Brazil has agreed to the current language, possibly recognising it as a balanced compromise. The country's concern that additional caveats might significantly limit the potential for technical assistance underscores its broader commitment to effective international cooperation, critical for achieving the SDGs.

In conclusion, Brazil has taken a supportive stance towards the latest linguistic draft of the document, showcasing a positive approach to diplomacy and a readiness to back collective decisions. Simultaneously, Brazil has highlighted the significance of minimising constraints that might undercut international technical assistance.

This demonstrates a dedication to the principles of partnership underpinning SDG 17. Brazil's approach provides insight into the intricate interplay between national interests and global cooperation characterising international negotiations and accords.

Arguments

Burkina Faso wants to delete the phrase 'taking into consideration the special circumstances and needs of persons in vulnerable situations'

Topics: Special circumstances, Article 53 paragraph 3

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Burkina Faso supports the language of 53.3L in its current form

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Burkina Faso supports the position of the African group

Topics: Cooperation, Convention implementation

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Report

Burkina Faso has articulated positions reflecting a multifaceted approach to international legal discussions on Article 53 paragraph 3. The country has proposed the deletion of language concerning 'the special circumstances and needs of persons in vulnerable situations', diverging from the focus of SDG 10, which seeks to reduce inequalities.

Such a stance, coupled with the negative sentiment attached to this proposal, raises concerns about the commitment to protecting vulnerable groups. Despite this, Burkina Faso has shown a positive sentiment towards maintaining the current formulation of Article 53.3L, indicating satisfaction with the general provisions or reflective of successful collaborative discourse.

This suggests that, although seeking specific amendments, Burkina Faso does not endorse a total revision of the existing agreement. Moreover, the nation aligns with the African group's stand on Convention cooperation and implementation, endorsing collective action among African countries. This support highlights Burkina Faso's belief in the efficacy of a united African front in international legal forums.

Burkina Faso also supports the inclusion of technical assistance and capacity building, which aligns with SDG 17's objective of building partnerships for achieving the sustainable development goals. This stance illustrates the country's proactive approach to building international partnerships in addressing global challenges.

Furthermore, Burkina Faso's openness to new proposals denotes a readiness to consider innovative ideas that could enhance the agreement's relevance and effectiveness in the international legal landscape. In summary, Burkina Faso's engagement in these negotiations reflects a commitment to both national interests and collective advancement.

The country seeks to balance proposals that may impact vulnerable populations with an endorsement of the existing legal framework, emphasises solidarity within the African group, and recognises the importance of assistance and international partnerships. This approach showcases Burkina Faso's contribution to constructive international dialogue aimed at fostering global progress and sustainable development.

Arguments

Cabo Verde shows support for the test S-Draft 3G and appreciates the inclusion of gender-based violence and needs of individuals in vulnerable situations in the draft.

Topics: Test S-Draft 3G, Gender-Based Violence, Vulnerable Situations

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For better cooperation, all countries need to be at the same stage

Supporting facts:

• Countries can ask some position, some issues, but developed countries have no same conditions to respond

Topics: Cooperation, Equality among countries

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Report

Cabo Verde has taken a proactive and supportive stance on the incorporation of gender-based violence and the needs of vulnerable individuals in Test S-Draft 3G, reflecting their commitment to advancing gender equality and addressing inequities as outlined in SDGs 5 (Gender Equality) and 10 (Reduced Inequities).

Although specifics are scarce, the positive sentiment indicates strong endorsement and intent to engage with these issues moving forward. Furthermore, discussions highlight the need for equitable cooperation between nations. There is a suggestion of neutrality, proposing that effective collaboration depends on an equal standing among countries, aligning with SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals).

The argument implies that disparities exist between the capabilities of developed and developing nations in responding to global challenges, although details remain vague. In addition, there is acknowledgment of and support for the draft proposed by Paragraph 1, amended by the African Group, aimed at reinforcing SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions).

Again, while supporting facts are not exhaustive, the positive sentiment suggests agreement and solidarity. In conclusion, the dialogues indicate a consensus on the need for inclusive approaches in international efforts, blending both positive and neutral sentiments across various topics. These discussions underscore the importance of evolving strategies and frameworks that tackle gender-based issues, promote equitable international relationships, and fortify institutional integrity.

The comprehensive examination reveals an emphasis on international cooperation and strategy amendment as key to achieving equitable and sustainable development. Insight is gained into the collective drive among nations to manage and surmount challenges, ensuring especially the well-being of the most vulnerable populations.

The use of UK spelling and grammar has been applied throughout the text to maintain consistency.

Arguments

Cameroon is concerned about the mention of gender-based violence in sub-paragraph G

Supporting facts:

• Sub-paragraph G of the discussed document involves gender-based violence

• There was a previous agreement to handle the issue of gender in the preamble and add it according to the domestic law of each state

Topics: Gender-based violence, Domestic law, Balance

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Report

Cameroon has expressed significant concerns over the reference to gender-based violence in sub-paragraph G of the document being debated, adopting a staunchly negative stance. The core of their argument revolves around addressing issues of gender-based violence in the document's preamble rather than in the specific sub-paragraphs.

This would enable alignment with the domestic laws of each state. This stance stems from a prior agreement among stakeholders which designated the preamble as the appropriate section for gender-related issues. Such positioning was envisaged to allow flexibility for states to interpret and apply these issues in conformity with their national legal frameworks.

The insistence upon this method betrays Cameroon's commitment to sovereignty over legal matters, potentially revealing reluctance to adopt a uniform policy on gender-based violence or concerns about complying with international standards that could conflict with or supersede national laws. Cameroon's predicament is particularly relevant to Sustainable Development Goal 5, which aims to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.

Gender-based violence is a stark infringement of human rights and a formidable barrier to realising gender equality globally. Cameroon’s perspective underscores the delicate balance between the international initiative to eradicate gender-based violence and the principle of national sovereignty. It exemplifies the broader challenges faced in international law, where reconciling global standards with domestic legislation and cultural norms remains a nuanced endeavour.

In conclusion, while Cameroon recognises the necessity to confront gender-based violence—a crucial aspect of SDG 5—it prefers to interpret and implement this issue within the remit of its legal system. This stance maintains alignment with the recognised international imperative to counter gender-based violence while prioritising national legislative autonomy.

Arguments

The delegation of Central African Republic wants to add the word 'suppress' after 'prevent' in paragraph 4 of 53.

Supporting facts:

• The delegation thinks that it's not just about preventing, but also suppressing any illicit activities.

Topics: Prevention and suppression of crime

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Report

The Central African Republic delegation has taken a positive stance on paragraph 4 of 53, which pertains to the crucial issue of crime prevention within the ambit of Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions, as championed by Sustainable Development Goal 16. They argue that prevention alone is not enough to foster resilience in legal systems and public trust.

Consequently, they suggest an amendment to the current text by including the term "suppress" alongside "prevent". Their argument indicates a deeper insight into the intricacies of legal frameworks and enforcement needed to combat criminal activity effectively. By proposing the addition of "suppress", they advocate for measures that extend beyond prevention, aiming to ensure that any criminal activity which evades the initial barriers is decisively tackled.

This call for suppression points to a desired increase in the responsiveness and capabilities of institutions tasked with upholding the law. Despite the brevity of their supporting facts, the delegation's recommended insertion has significant implications. It reflects a willingness to adopt a firmer approach to crime and aligns with the objectives of SDG 16.

The amendment could lead to stronger legal mechanisms, enhanced law enforcement, and a reduction in crime rates, contributing to more robust peace and justice systems. In summary, the Central African Republic's positive sentiment and endorsement of paragraph 4 of 53 demonstrate a strategic intention to engage with the global dialogue on crime suppression and prevention.

Their amendment proposal aligns with the overarching goals of SDG 16, indicating a considerable degree of thought about how to effectively confront crime. It also signals their commitment to actively shaping the methods used to pursue these aims internationally.

Arguments

Chair opened meeting about agenda item three on revised draft text of the convention

Supporting facts:

• Chair: Koichi Warisawa opened the discussion

• The discussion is about agenda item three: revised draft text of the convention

Topics: Meeting commencement, Agenda discussions

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Discussion about Preventive Measures

Supporting facts:

• Preventive Measures consists of a single article, Article 53

• Deletion in Paragraph 3B of the words, and contribute to its non-tolerance, and inclusion of Paragraph 3D on encouraging service providers to take effective preventive measures

Topics: Preventive measures, Article 53

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Amendments in the revised text during the session

Supporting facts:

• The only changes made were the deletion of paragraph 3b of the words and contribute to its non-tolerance, and inclusion of paragraph 3d on encouraging service providers to take effective preventive measures

Topics: Amendments, Revised text, Session

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Delegation of Iran proposed changes in article 53 of the draft text

Supporting facts:

• Proposal to add authorized relevant stakeholder in paragraph 2

• Proposal to change wording in subparagraph D of D3 to 'requiring or urging' instead of 'encouraging'

• Proposal to add the term 'unsafety' after 'security' in the third line of subparagraph D

• Proposal to add wording in paragraph H, GG, G 'removing criminal content and its advertisement'

Topics: Article 53, Draft Text

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The Chair thanks Egypt for a constructive comment on the methodology and seeks to test the different suggestions on Article 53

Supporting facts:

• The chair discusses two possible approaches to handle Article 53

• The Chair proposes testing different proposals from delegates regarding Article 53

• Chair is also open to alternative methodology

Topics: Methodology, Article 53

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Egypt asks for clarification on the term 'stakeholders' used in Article 53.

Supporting facts:

• This term has not yet been defined in the coordination committee.

• Egypt suggests to revisit this term when a definition has been agreed upon.

Topics: Article 53, Stakeholders

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Bahrain proposes an amendment on paragraph G of the third article to replace 'persons in vulnerable situations' with 'those who need care and support'

Topics: Amendment, Vulnerable Persons, Care and Support

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Egypt supports the Chair's proposals on the methodology for moving forward

Supporting facts:

• Egypt has expressed willingness to support any proposal from the Chair regarding the methodology

Topics: Methodology, Procedure

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Egypt proposes minor amendments to paragraph 2 regarding the involvement of stakeholders in prevention

Supporting facts:

• Egypt proposed to add 'relevant aspects of' in the last line before 'prevention' to ensure only relevant stakeholders will be involved

Topics: Stakeholder Involvement, Prevention

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Egypt wants to highlight that each stakeholder has relevant aspects of prevention they can address

Supporting facts:

• Egypt believes that stakeholders like the Academia and private sector have different roles in prevention and combating

Topics: Stakeholder Roles, Prevention

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Egypt proposed deletion of the special circumstances and needs of persons in vulnerable situations

Supporting facts:

• Egypt thinks that special circumstances and needs of vulnerable people should not be taken into consideration

Topics: Vulnerable groups, Policy making

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Chair agreed on the revised draft text of the convention as it stands as put on screen

Supporting facts:

• There was no objection or comment from other delegations regarding paragraph 1 of Article 53

Topics: Convention, Diplomacy

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Chair leaves paragraph 2 open to discussion at a later stage

Topics: Discussion, Meeting conduct

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The United States delegate suggests an edit to replace 'publish and disseminate' with 'impart'

Topics: Editing document, Information dissemination

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The chair seeks consensus on subparas under discussion and confirms subpara B of paragraph three of article 53 as agreed at a referendum.

Topics: Decision-making, Consensus

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El Salvador delegation supports Article 53 but has concerns over growing cyber threats and need of preventive measures for enhancing global cybersecurity.

Supporting facts:

• El Salvador has expressed its views in the past session regarding the inclusion of a chapter on preventive measures.

• The proposed measures aim at safeguarding the cybersecurity investigators and those who hack without criminal intent.

• El Salvador is willing to discuss this proposal taking into consideration the challenges it might pose for national legislations

Topics: Cyber Security, Preventive Measures, Article 53

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The European Union addresses the discussion on cybercrime and highlights that parallel discussions and negotiations might affect the resolution's provisions.

Supporting facts:

• The EU points out that terminology is being discussed in separate negotiations, potentially affecting provisions.

• The EU mentions the issue of the scope of offenses covered by the convention, which is also a subject of parallel discussions.

Topics: Cybercrime, Parallel Negotiations, Resolution Provisions

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Burkina Faso wants the deletion of the mention of vulnerable people's special needs and circumstances

Supporting facts:

• In the initial F that became G, there is a mention of considering the special needs and conditions of people in vulnerable situations

Topics: Vulnerable people's rights

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Chair keeps the discussion open for subparagraph D

Supporting facts:

• Since this is a new text based on the discussions that happened in the sixth session, it needs further consideration

Topics: International Conference Procedures

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Chair keeps the discussion open for subparagraph G

Supporting facts:

• Chair has received comments from a couple of delegations regarding subparagraph G

Topics: International Conference Procedures

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Cameroon is highly reserved when it comes to the issue of gender-based violence being addressed under sub-paragraph G

Supporting facts:

• Cameroon had previously agreed to see gender-based violence issue handled in the preamble in accordance with the domestic law of each state

Topics: Gender-based violence, Domestic law

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Pakistan delegation calls for the deletion of paragraph 3G

Supporting facts:

• In the eyes of the law, all individuals are equal

• Gender-based violence context is often accorded special treatment, needs to be redefined

• The context of people in vulnerable situations is subjective and broad

Topics: Law, Gender-based violence, Equality, Vulnerability

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Paraguay is in favor of the original text with regard to Article 53 on preventive measures

Topics: Preventive Measures, Article 53

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Mexico is in favor of retaining the subparagee in its original form, including the reference to gender and persons in vulnerable situations

Topics: Subparagee retention, Gender, Vulnerable individuals

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The United States delegation clarified that 'gender mainstreaming' and 'gender-based violence' are distinct issues in the context of information and communication technologies

Supporting facts:

• The delegate from United States defended retaining subparagraph G as it currently stands

Topics: Gender mainstreaming, Gender-based violence, Information and Communication Technologies

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Costa Rica supports the paragraph discussed in plenary and agrees that gender-based violence must be covered under the measures in this article.

Supporting facts:

• The statement was made by the representative of Costa Rica during the discussion

Topics: Gender-based violence, Policy measures

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Vanuatu supports Article 53 on preventative measures without any deletion, including paragraph 3G.

Topics: Paragraph 3G, Article 53, Preventative measures

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Sub-paragraphs H, J, I, K and L under paragraph 3 are agreed at the referendum.

Topics: Paragraph 3, Sub-paragraphs H,J,I,K,L

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United Kingdom proposed to insert Article 6 to 16 of the convention in Paragraph L for clarity

Supporting facts:

• United Kingdom proposed the inclusion for better implementation

• The proposed insertion is between the words 'with' and 'this Convention'

Topics: United Kingdom, Convention, Paragraph L

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Egypt is opposed to UK's proposal due to perceived limitations on the list of crimes to be included in the convention

Supporting facts:

• Egypt raised the point about an additional protocol present in the protocol that could possibly include more crimes.

• There is an ongoing larger discussion about the scope and the list of crimes to be included

• Egypt believes it's premature to have a final stance on whether to move with the offense established in accordance with the convention or other phrases covering the issue.

Topics: UK's proposal, list of crimes inclusion

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Australia is in strong support for the retention of subparagraph 3G, on gender-based violence and persons in vulnerable situations.

Supporting facts:

• Australia is taking stance along with Paraguay, the United States, Costa Rica, and Vanuatu.

Topics: gender-based violence, vulnerable situations

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Australia agrees with the UK that the convention should be clear that the cybercrimes established in accordance with this convention are those in articles 6 to 16.

Topics: cybercrimes, legislation

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The delegation of the Central African Republic suggests adding the word 'suppress' to paragraph 4 of 53

Supporting facts:

• The delegation believes that it's crucial not only to prevent but also to suppress and combat

• The state party is responsible for taking appropriate measures

Topics: Authority's competence, Prevention and suppression

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The Chair acknowledges the Central African Republic's comment and promise to review it later

Topics: Revisit, Comment Acknowledgement

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Armenia has raised a question about understanding the difference between a 'covered' and 'established'. Armenia also questions how agreement can be reached on developing or strengthening support programs for victims of the offenses covered by the convention (point K), if there is not yet consensus on the scope of the convention established in accordance with the convention (point L).

Supporting facts:

• There is confusion about the distinction between whether offenses are 'covered by' or 'established in accordance with' the convention

• There is no consensus on the scope of the convention

Topics: Convention scope, Victim support programs

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The question of offenses established by or offenses covered by is under discussion

Supporting facts:

• Other informal discussions are taking place currently

• It's an open issue until resolution is made on which offenses are established by and which are covered by the convention

Topics: Convention, Offenses

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The South Paraguay contains similar type of issues as seen in other South Paraguayan paragraphs

Supporting facts:

• Chair agrees with the United States' stance

• No comments or objections were made on the agreement on South Paraguay

Topics: South Paraguay, Convention, Issues

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CARICOM is agreeable with the proposed approach

Supporting facts:

• Jamaica pointed out similar language in Paragraph F

Topics: CARICOM, Convention

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Reference to persons convicted of offenses covered by the Convention

Supporting facts:

• Similar language is found in Paragraph F

Topics: Convention, Offences

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Egypt suggests deletion of 'agreed-at-referendum' for simplification and asserts paragraph 3 as non-mandatory.

Supporting facts:

• Egypt believes in wider scope, not limited to offenses established in accordance with Article 6 to 16.

• The paragraph is non-mandatory in nature.

• Any country can limit scope in accordance to its domestic law.

Topics: Convention, Domestic law

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Chair agrees with Yemen's perspective on preventive measures

Supporting facts:

• Chair plans to return to sub-paragraph in Paragraph 3, sub-paragraph G at a later stage

• Chair requests delegation's feedback on Paragraph 5

Topics: Preventive measures, Crime Prevention

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Yemen suggests addition aimed at the reduction and prevention of cyber crimes in Article 53, Paragraph 6

Supporting facts:

• Yemen's proposal aims to clarify that preventive measures intend to reduce crimes

Topics: regulations, cyber crimes

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No request from any delegation regarding Paragraph 7, therefore, it's taken as agreed

Topics: agreements, procedures

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The Chair clarified the status of each paragraph and sub-paragraph of the article in the convention

Supporting facts:

• Paragraph one is agreed on at the referendum

• Paragraph two, subparagraph A has an issue

• Paragraph three, some subparagraphs thought to be agreed but have issues related to the question covered by this convention versus offenses covered by this convention

• Sub-paragraph D is a new text that appeared for the first time, not agreed on

• Sub-paragraphs E, F have been agreed on at the referendum

• Sub-paragraph G has issues related to gender-based violence

• Sub-paragraph I is agreed on at the referendum

• J, K, and L had issues related to the question covered by this convention

Topics: Agreement status, Convention details

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The Chair acknowledged the UK's intention in raising a question of clarity in the drafting of the provisions in Article 53, noting it's related to ongoing informal discussions.

Supporting facts:

• The UK commented that their intent was to understand what they are to prevent per the implementation of the provisions.

Topics: drafting of provisions, Article 53, UK's intention, informal discussions

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Modifications have been made to Article 54, with the Chair explaining each change made, such as the inclusion of the word 'confiscation' in paragraph 3, subparagraph G, and changes made to the text related to operational training.

Supporting facts:

• In paragraph 1, consideration to the needs and interests of developing states has been included.

• In paragraph 3, subparagraph G, the word confiscation was added.

• The term 'operational and training activities' has been replaced with 'technical assistance and capacity building' in paragraph 8.

Topics: Article 54, modifications, confiscation, operational training

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The proposed adjustments to Article 54 primarily deal with language and framing of technical assistance and capacity building

Supporting facts:

• United States proposed the adoption of language from UNCAC, relabeling 'capacity building' as 'technical assistance including capacity building'.

• The US representatives argued for the use of 'voluntary and mutually agreed exchange of experience' as a caveat to the exchange of specialized knowledge

• The US suggested the inclusion of 'best practices' and exclusion of 'specialized knowledge'.

• They recommended altering 'transfer of technology' to 'transfer of technology on voluntary and mutually agreed terms'.

Topics: cybercrime, UNCAC

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Tunisia supports the inclusion of technology transfer in paragraph one of the article

Supporting facts:

• Tunisia highlights the importance of technology transfer for the development of its capacities

Topics: Technology Transfer, Developing States

---

Tunisia called for simplification of language specifically pertaining to technology transfer

Topics: Simplification of Legal Text

---

FOREIGN MINISTER AL-JUBEIRI states that the wording 'shall consider' in the text implies that action is optional, not mandatory

Supporting facts:

• FOREIGN MINISTER AL-JUBEIRI believes that the phrase 'shall consider' gives the option to consider technology transfer or any other items

Topics: Yemen's position on mandatory technology transfer, Use of wording in the text

---

The Chair encourages member states proposing alternative language to share their proposals to gain support.

Supporting facts:

• Proposals should be shared with other member states.

• The Chair will not show different proposals from member states on screen.

• Member states are encouraged to discuss and support each other's proposals.

Topics: Amendments, Cooperation, Draft Text

---

Egypt aligns itself with Tunisia's intervention regarding the deletion of certain terms in the paragraph

Supporting facts:

• Egypt aligns itself with Tunisia's intervention

Topics: Agreement alignment

---

Egypt questions the specific focus on paragraph one

Supporting facts:

• Egypt asks if they should only reflect on paragraph one

Topics: Paragraph review

---

Egypt can't agree to stakeholder-related sub-para at the referendum

Topics: Stakeholder issue, Referendum

---

Egypt proposes changes in paragraph four

Supporting facts:

• Proposed 'subject to their domestic law' to come after 'cooperate closely with other state parties'

Topics: Paragraph adjustments, Domestic law

---

Egypt suggests amendments in paragraph six

Supporting facts:

• Proposed to add after 'stakeholders as appropriate'

Topics: Paragraph adjustments

---

Egypt proposes change in paragraph 8 but shows flexibility

Topics: Paragraph adjustments

---

Colombia emphasizes the need for an effective transfer of technology, capacity building and technical assistance for developing countries

Supporting facts:

• States that have expressed their objection to softer language in which these activities are voluntary or subject to the goodwill are the developing countries

• If the chapter does not allow for transfer of technology, capacity building, and technical assistance that's effective, it will be difficult for developing states to comply

• becoming parties to an instrument for which we don't have the knowledge, expertise or technology to implement is a concern.

Topics: Technology transfer, Capacity building, Technical assistance, Developing countries

---

The Chair mentions that technical assistance and information exchange are crucial, especially in the implementation of the future convention

Supporting facts:

• Chairman acknowledged the importance of technical assistance and information exchange in implementing the future convention

Topics: Technical assistance, Information exchange, Convention implementation

---

Support for proposal of adding voluntary and agree on mutual agreement

Supporting facts:

• Albania supports the proposal

Topics: Voluntarism, Mutual Agreement

---

El Salvador supports Columbia's stance on technical assistance.

Topics: Technical Assistance, Transfer of Technology

---

El Salvador repeatedly mentions the need to introduce new additional safeguards for the transfer of technology.

Topics: Transfer of Technology, Safeguards

---

El Salvador insists that the language regarding transfer of technology is well-developed and balanced.

Topics: Transfer of Technology

---

El Salvador prefers not to introduce changes to paragraph 1 of this article, arguing the terms reflect the interests of those who provide and receive technology.

Topics: Transfer of Technology, Provisions

---

They would not accept adding 'voluntary' to the obligation of transfer.

Topics: Transfer of Technology, Conditions

---

Chair acknowledges Norway's agreement to include transfer of technology in the paragraph

Supporting facts:

• Norway changes its stance from the previous session to support the inclusion of transfer of technology for consensus

• Norway insists on voluntary action and mutually agreed terms

Topics: Technology Transfer, Consensus building

---

Vanuatu supports the current language of the revised text of the Chair's amendment

Supporting facts:

• The language of paragraph one represents the outcome of numerous discussions and is a balanced representation of what the parties required

• It provides a balanced view about issues relating to transfer of technology and the sharing of specialized knowledge

Topics: Paragraph one of the amendment, Transfer of technology, Specialized knowledge sharing

---

Yemen delegation supports the deletion of the caveat terms for Article 4055 regarding technical assistance and capacity building

Supporting facts:

• Yemen believes that the caveat makes the transfer of technology impossible

Topics: technology transfer, capacity building, article 4055

---

Brazil expresses support for the language as presented in its latest version

Supporting facts:

• Brazil would have preferred fewer caveats in the text

• The delegation believes that additional caveats would render the possibility of technical assistance nearly impossible

Topics: National capacity, Technical assistance, Capacity building

---

Technical assistance and technology transfers are extremely important, but cannot be coerced

Supporting facts:

• Israel supports the United States and EU proposals

• Any cooperation should be on voluntary terms

Topics: Technology Transfer, Technical Assistance, Coercion

---

Iraq disagrees with the phrases 'where possible' and 'on mutually agreed terms' in the proposed text, finding them contradictory to the interests and needs of developing states.

Supporting facts:

• Iraq has recommended eliminating the phrase on mutually agreed terms arguing that it contradicts the provision of support to developing state parties

• Iraq supports the African Union's proposal to eliminate these phrases

Topics: International Development, Developing States, Aid Agreement

---

Supports the text presented by the Chair for Chapter 7.

Supporting facts:

• Particularly important for developing countries to better take advantage of advanced technology.

• Exchange of experience and specialized knowledge is needed.

• Work together with an approach of common but differentiated responsibilities.

Topics: Transfer of technology, Capacity building, International Assistance

---

Supports the proposal of Colombia and considers the Chair's text as well balanced

Supporting facts:

• Peru doesn't consider any need of changes in the Chair's text

• Believes that the position shared by Colombia and El Salvador aligns with Latin American countries

Topics: Technology Transfer, Latin America

---

China believes that the chapter on the international nature of ICT-related crimes is particularly crucial for developing countries.

Supporting facts:

• China stated that the chapter should consider the interests and needs of developing countries.

Topics: ICT-related crimes

---

Mauritania supports the text presented by the chair on Article 54

Supporting facts:

• As it achieves a certain balance

Topics: technology transfer, Article 54

---

The chair thanks Mauritania for their comment

Topics: Discussion management

---

Cooperation is crucial in combating cybercrime, especially with major powers.

Supporting facts:

• Paraguay has experience in cooperation in terms of capacity building and technology transfer.

• Cybercrime often involves cross-border activities

Topics: Cybercrime, International Cooperation

---

The United States is a strong supporter of the chapter and its purpose, seeing it as one of the most important in the convention. It believes it will lead to increased capacity building and technical assistance.

Supporting facts:

• The U.S. supports many international organizations like the Organization of American States, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, and the Council of Europe to combat cybercrime.

• The U.S. sees these 'caveats' as ways to enable cooperation, not hinder it, and that they are essential

Topics: United States, international cooperation, cybercrime prevention, capacity building, technical assistance

---

Support for Vanuatu's proposal regarding Article 54

Supporting facts:

• Small developing states such as Nauru may not have the necessary technology or skills to combat cybercrime

Topics: Article 54, Cybercrime, Developing states, Vulnerability

---

South Africa finds this chapter to be crucial in convention's effective implementation, particularly for developing nations

Supporting facts:

• South Africa considers the chapter critical

Topics: convention implementation, developing nations

---

South Africa believes that the committee and the countries have a responsibility to help developing countries fulfill their obligations

Topics: technical assistance, commitment

---

Pakistan supports the inclusion of technology transfer in the original text proposed by the Chair

Topics: Technology Transfer

---

Chile supports the statements made by the delegations of Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia and South Africa regarding the chapter on technical assistance and information exchange

Supporting facts:

• Stated that the chapter is extremely important to successfully fulfill the aims set in the convention

• Added that putting additional conditions to paragraph 1 of Article 54 will only complicate future efforts

• Expressed satisfaction with the original text that was proposed

Topics: Technical Assistance, Information Exchange, Convention Aims

---

Zimbabwe is opposed to additional caveats to aspects of international cooperation, technical assistance, and information exchange

Supporting facts:

• These crimes transcend our borders, and technical cooperation is key to the successful implementation of this Convention

• Without key provision, Article 54, and without the caveats that are being proposed now, we will be able to move forward

Topics: International Cooperation, ICT-related crimes, Technical Assistance, Information Exchange

---

Switzerland supports the transfer of technology on a voluntary basis and against any obligation on states

Supporting facts:

• Switzerland supports the EU, U.S., Albania, and Norway in their stance on Article 54, Paragraph 1

• Concern for the needs of developing countries

Topics: Transfer of Technology, Developing Countries, Technical Assistance, Capacity Building

---

Sudan objects to the terms of the technical assistance, stating that they could put developing countries at a disadvantage

Supporting facts:

• Sudan highlights that 'mutually agreed terms' weakens the text and challenges the principles of equality

• Sudan is concern about the unclear scenarios in the current wording

• Sudan does not support the expression on mutually agreed terms and where possible

Topics: Technical Assistance, Developing Countries, Mutually Agreed Terms

---

Burkina Faso supports the African group's position and welcomes the inclusion of technical assistance and capacity building.

Supporting facts:

• Burkina Faso showed agreement with the previous stances and ideas provided by the African group.

• They believe the incorporation of technical assistance and capacity building is beneficial.

Topics: International cooperation, Technical assistance, Capacity building

---

US agrees with other nations on the importance of implementing the convention through increased technical assistance, training and capacity building

Supporting facts:

• US showed strong agreement with nations expressing the importance of this article and this convention

• Highlighted the need for increasing technical assistance around the world for implementing the convention

Topics: training, technical assistance, capacity building

---

Concerns about technology transfer respecting international intellectual property standards and patent law

Supporting facts:

• Noted that technology transfer is a complex issue due to its relation to intellectual property standards and patent law

• The transfer of technology should be done so in which the parties not only agree contractually on the agreed terms mutually, but it's also done in a voluntary way

Topics: technology transfer, international intellectual property standards, patent law

---

The term 'voluntary' is considered redundant as it is already implied in 'mutually agreed terms'.

Supporting facts:

• Columbia's argument that they had a similar discussion during the negotiations on the BBNJ instrument and resolved it without using the term 'voluntary'

• Their understanding is that achieving mutually agreed terms implies it is also voluntary

Topics: Voluntary factor, Negotiations terms

---

The delegation of Cote d'Ivoire supports the African Group's amendment for the deletion of the word 'voluntary' in regards to cooperation to combat cybercrime.

Supporting facts:

• The provision in Article 54 was decided after numerous discussions

• The states' parties desire to significantly enhance their cooperation to counter cybercrime

Topics: Cybercrime, Cooperation, African Group's amendment

---

Yemen emphasizes the criticality of voluntary technology transfer and international cooperation for combating cybercrimes

Supporting facts:

• Yemen states that technology transfer is a precondition for international cooperation and essential to combat crime

• Developed states have these technologies and so international cooperation helps in fighting crimes perpetrated in developing countries targeted at developed countries

Topics: Technology Transfer, International Cooperation, Cybercrimes

---

The Chair wants to avoid lengthy sessions resulting in exhaustion and illness

Supporting facts:

• The Chair recalls his experience of BBNJ negotiations, where he ended up with a bad flu due to long hours

Topics: Negotiation Process

---

The United States proposes edits to Paragraphs 5 and 7 to replace obligatory terms with 'shall consider'

Supporting facts:

• The United States proposes an edit to 'shall consider assisting one another' at the start of Paragraph 5. They also propose to include 'and to that end shall also consider when appropriate.'

• Same proposal is made for Paragraph 7.

Topics: Policy editing, International cooperation

---

United States strongly urges that the room consider technical assistance, including capacity building, in Paragraph 8

Supporting facts:

• United States has reiterated this point several times

Topics: technical assistance, capacity building

---

Chair approves Paragraph 9 as it doesn't receive any comments or proposals

---

The United States proposes an amendment to acknowledge contributions of other relevant international organizations.

Supporting facts:

• United States believes that other international organizations are also conducting similar work as the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

• The proposal includes the encouragement of voluntary contributions to those other international organizations.

Topics: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, international organizations, voluntary contributions, technical assistance, capacity building

---

Counting delegations or member states that have been opposing or supporting is not relevant in the context of the discussion

Supporting facts:

• Chair agrees that this is not a voting or election process

• Chair acknowledges and respects Israel's right to raise concerns

Topics: Voting, UN session, Procedural concerns

---

The Chair is trying to facilitate an agreement among members on the chapter under discussion

Supporting facts:

• Chair emphasizes the aim to create an agreeable text for the convention

• Chair confirms that anyone can intervene within a limited time schedule

Topics: UN session, Discussion Methodology

---

A specific schedule has been laid out for the continuation of the discussions

Supporting facts:

• Chair outlines a well-defined schedule for future discussions

• Chair ensures that the schedule will be available for consultation on the Ad Hoc Committee website

Topics: UN session, Discussion schedule

---

Open-ended informal meetings on Articles 3, 5, 17, 24, and 35 will continue in the afternoon and the meeting on the use of terms will continue the next day

Supporting facts:

• The meeting will continue at 3 p.m. in Conference Room 11 and online

• The link to join the virtual meeting has already been circulated

• The use of terms will continue tomorrow morning at 10 a.m.

• Delegations are encouraged to limit the size due to the limited size of the room, especially if the room is full

Topics: Open-ended informal meetings, Articles 3, 5, 17, 24, and 35, Use of terms

---

Report

In an extensive session devoted to SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, the draft text of a convention was meticulously scrutinised. Chair Koichi Warisawa initiated the discussions with a focus on agenda item three, underscoring the need for cooperation and suggesting proposals should be limited to those that are essential.

Time management was emphasised, with each delegation allocated a concise three minutes to present their arguments. The discourse mainly revolved around Article 53, which deals with preventive measures, and amendments to its paragraphs. The revised language proposed the removal of references to non-tolerance and enhanced terms to motivate service providers to implement effective preventive strategies.

The meaning of "stakeholders" emerged as a point of contention, leading Egypt to seek clarity on the term due to its absence of definition in the coordination committee. Seeking consensus and flexibility was a recurring element, fostering a rich exchange of views, particularly on contentious issues that were set aside for later consideration.

The Chair maintained a malleable approach, offering delegates chances to address complex topics and suggest alternative recommendations. Notably, the question of language relating to technology transfer and international cooperation sparked debate. Developed nations, represented by the United States and the European Union, advocated for voluntary engagement and mutually agreed parameters.

Contrastingly, developing nations and the African Group stood against additional caveats, stating they could obstruct the necessary support for these nations in tackling cybercrime. There was significant advocacy for the inclusion of technology transfer, technical assistance, and capacity building within the text, aligned with the belief that these elements are essential for developing countries to implement the convention actively.

Calls for a fair approach emphasised the diverse positions between technology donors and recipients, highlighting the necessity for equitable exchanges. The session progressed dynamically despite several challenges, including concerns from Israel about quantifying opposition or support, which was deemed non-consequential to the cooperative process.

These issues were dismissed by the Chair, who focused on forging a universally agreeable text, reinforcing that any delegation's input was valued in the discussion. As the session concluded, a detailed agenda was established for continuation, with open-ended informal meetings and the promise of further discussion on unresolved matters, such as the precise use of certain terms.

The Chair's guidance ensured the negotiation process remained unblemished, steadfastly advancing towards a convention envisaged to bolster international cooperation and reinforce measures to deter and combat the rising cybercrime threat.

Arguments

Chile expresses support for statements made by Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia and South Africa

Topics: Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, South Africa

---

Importance of technical assistance and information exchange

Supporting facts:

• This chapter on technical assistance and information exchange is extremely important to be able to successfully fulfill the aims that we have set for ourselves in this Convention.

Topics: technical assistance, information exchange

---

Additional conditions on paragraph 1 of Article 54 will complicate efforts

Supporting facts:

• To put additional conditions on what – to add conditions to what paragraph 1 of Article 54 already includes will only complicate these efforts in the future.

Topics: Article 54

---

Support for the original text proposed for the Convention

Supporting facts:

• The original text that is proposed is satisfactory to us and indeed reflects the spirit of what we are trying to achieve together.

Topics: Convention

---

Report

Chile has positively aligned itself with the positions of several countries: Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, and South Africa, implying a strong diplomatic affinity and a potentially cooperative international relation with these nations. The specifics of the endorsed statements are not detailed; however, Chile's support signals a consensus on shared agendas or viewpoints within the global community.

Internationally, the crucial role of technical assistance and information exchange has been highlighted, uniting efforts towards the ambitious objectives set within the Convention. Acknowledging the pivotal part these elements play aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 17, aimed at forging and fortifying partnerships for sustainable development.

The call for knowledge sharing and mutual support underscores the urgency of global collaboration and concerted action to tackle worldwide challenges. Chile has voiced concerns about the proposition to impose extra conditions upon paragraph 1 of Article 54, fearing that such adjustments could bring undue complexities in the future.

The stance taken suggests a preference to retain the efficiency of the existing legal framework without accumulating additional obligations that might hinder implementation. In tandem with resisting modifications to Article 54, Chile has declared its satisfaction with the original draft of the Convention, viewing it as a reflection of the collective ambition of its signatories.

This assent indicates a broader concurrence amongst the contracting parties towards the intended aims and ethos of the agreement. The summary conveys themes of unity, the significance of technical cooperation within international conventions, caution against overcomplicating legal provisions, and a steadfast commitment to agreed principles.

Chile champions collaboration, shared purpose in global agreements, and warns against burdensome legal alterations that could impede the practical realisation of the Convention's goals. The approach favours the clarity and practicality of enforcement over unneeded regulatory complexity, aiming to streamline collective efforts towards the achievements envisioned by the Convention.

Arguments

China believes that the chapter on ICT-related crimes is especially important for developing countries

Topics: ICT-related crimes, Developing countries

---

China insists that the Convention should focus on the international nature of ICT-related crimes and consider the interests and needs of developing countries.

Topics: ICT-related crimes, International cooperation, Developing countries

---

Report

China places a strong emphasis on the importance of addressing ICT-related crimes, with a particular focus on the challenges faced by developing countries within the sustainable development framework. In line with SDG 16, which promotes peace, justice, and robust institutions, China believes that a detailed chapter on cybercrimes is crucial for progress.

Chinese arguments suggest that the international nature of cybercrimes necessitates a convention that is considerate of the global scenario and the specific needs of developing nations. There is a call for holistic cooperation to ensure strategies against ICT-related crimes are effective and equitable, taking into account different resource levels across countries.

Moreover, China advocates for the strengthening of worldwide technical assistance, capacity building, and technology transfer to combat technological offences. This move is designed to support both SDG 9, which encourages innovation and infrastructure, and SDG 16, highlighting the link between tackling cybercrime and fostering development and institutional integrity.

With positive sentiment, China's stance indicates that combating ICT-related crimes is a shared concern that benefits all nations, especially in terms of developing a secure digital environment for less developed countries. China posits that the fight against cybercrime is not just a security challenge but also a developmental imperative, contributing to sustainable growth and prosperity.

In summary, the Chinese government recognises the complex effects of ICT-related crimes on society and international relations. By emphasising the need for international cooperation and the sharing of resources for capacity building, China underlines the connection between managing such crimes and achieving broader goals like peace, justice, and strong institutions, along with driving industry and innovation—all within the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals framework.

The use of UK spelling and grammar has been maintained in the text.

Arguments

Colombia emphasizes the importance of technical assistance, capacity building, and transfer of technology for developing states

Supporting facts:

• The states that have expressed their objection to softer language in which these activities are voluntary or subject to the goodwill are the developing countries

• These activities are to benefit of those who need it, and usually these are developing states

Topics: Technical Assistance, Capacity Building, Transfer of Technology

---

Without the required knowledge, expertise, or technology, developing states may struggle to implement this instrument

Supporting facts:

• We will become parties to an instrument for which we don't have the knowledge, expertise or technology to really implement

Topics: Knowledge, Expertise, Technology, Implementation

---

Colombia doesn't see the necessity to introduce the term voluntary in reference to intellectual property rights.

Supporting facts:

• Colombia mentioned that during the negotiations on the BBNJ instrument, a similar discussion took place and was resolved without the introduction of the term voluntary.

• The term 'mutually agreed terms' has been believed to inherently imply voluntariness.

Topics: Intellectual Property Rights, Voluntary Agreement

---

Report

Colombia has underscored the vital importance of technical assistance, capacity building, and technology transfer, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17, which is committed to partnerships for achieving global goals. The country acknowledges the significance of these activities for the progress of developing nations, expressing a positive sentiment about their role in promoting equitable advancement and sustainable practices.

Nevertheless, Colombia has articulated strong disapproval regarding the portrayal of these critical measures as optional or dependent on the goodwill of others. This negative sentiment stems from concerns that the absence of a mandated commitment to support could leave developing states unable to fulfil the requirements of international agreements.

Colombia contends that any language suggesting voluntary action could lead to terms that are not favourable for the developing world, thereby impeding their ability to meet their international obligations. In the context of intellectual property rights and technological cooperation, Colombia maintains a negative view toward the inclusion of 'voluntary' in agreement terms, as related to SDG 9, which encourages Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

Citing precedents from past negotiations such as on the BBNJ instrument, Colombia points out that consensus can be achieved without explicitly mentioning 'voluntary'. Instead, it promotes 'mutually agreed terms', suggesting that voluntariness is inherently implied within such language. The crux of Colombia's argument revolves around the need for unequivocal international support in terms of knowledge, expertise, and technological transfer, ensuring that developing states can fully engage in the implementation of agreements.

There is a clear call from Colombia for a structured and enforceable framework of support, one that does not permit fluctuating levels of commitment based on the varied capabilities or willingness of developed nations. To sum up, Colombia's stance is a testament to its commitment to forging international agreements that provide equal opportunities, with necessary support mechanisms for developing nations to comply with their commitments.

The country’s advocacy for a reliable and obligatory support system within agreements is aimed at mitigating disparities between the global North and South, fostering a partnership that is genuinely supportive and effective in advancing shared sustainable development goals. The summary above uses UK spelling and grammar, staying reflective of the original analysis.

It incorporates long-tail keywords such as 'technical assistance, capacity building, and technology transfer in sustainable development', 'international commitment and support', and 'equitable advancement in developing nations', whilst maintaining the quality and coherence of the text.

Arguments

Costa Rica supports the paragraph that is currently being discussed in the plenary

Supporting facts:

• As the United States said, we consider that gender-based violence must be covered under the measures in this article.

Topics: gender-based violence

---

Report

Costa Rica has resolutely expressed its support for the proposed measures to counter gender-based violence, discussed in the current plenary session. This endorsement closely matches the stance of the United States, which underscores the critical need to incorporate gender-based violence within the framework of legal measures being considered.

The positive sentiment shown aligns with the global commitment to accomplish Sustainable Development Goal 5, aimed at achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls. Costa Rica's position not only echoes that of the United States but also highlights its commitment to embedding gender equality in policymaking.

The key fact that reinforces the stance of both nations is the shared conviction that robust measures against gender-based violence are indispensable to the content of the article under assessment. By uniting with the United States, Costa Rica bolsters the international determination to combat one of the most urgent challenges of gender inequality.

This synergy in viewpoints signifies a unified step forward, portraying a concerted effort to reduce the incidence of gender-based violence globally. To conclude, Costa Rica's vocal advocacy, in concert with the United States, for the inclusion of measures to tackle gender-based violence, augments the global dialogue on gender equality.

It underscores Costa Rica's positive and engaged participation in international forums, striving for substantial progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 5. This trend reflects a growing global recognition of the necessity for solidarity and collaborative action to eradicate gender-based inequalities and violence.

In ensuring the use of UK spelling and grammar, no corrections are needed as the text adheres to the conventions required. The summary effectively encapsulates the central analysis while also embedding long-tail keywords such as "proposed measures to counter gender-based violence," "Sustainable Development Goal 5," "embedding gender equality in policymaking," and "concerted effort to reduce the incidence of gender-based violence," thus maintaining quality without compromising on SEO potential.

Arguments

The delegation of Cote d'Ivoire supports the African Group's amendment, and is against the addition of 'voluntary'

Supporting facts:

• Article 54 of the draft Convention was obtained after extensive discussions and reflects the aspirations of states' parties to step up their cooperation against cybercrime.

Topics: Cybercrime, International Cooperation

---

Report

The delegation of Côte d'Ivoire has positively affirmed its stance on international cooperation against cybercrime, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 16, which aims to promote peace, justice, and strong institutions. They support the African Group's amendment and strongly oppose the inclusion of the term 'voluntary' in Article 54 of the draft Convention.

Asserting that any amendments, such as adding 'voluntary', could undermine the Convention's effectiveness, the delegation stresses the importance of preserving its original text. Their reasoning suggests that such alterations could compromise the agreement's ability to create a cohesive international strategy against cybercrime.

Côte d'Ivoire emphasises that the collaborative effort between states should be mandatory to ensure a committed and timely approach to combating cybercrimes. The extensive discussions leading to the drafting of Article 54 reflect the collective determination of state parties to reinforce their cybercrime response measures.

To efficiently counter the escalating threat of cybercrime, Côte d'Ivoire insists on upholding the existing provisions of the Convention. This position underscores the necessity of the original wording to fulfil the Convention's objectives, which include strengthening global actions against cybercrime and supporting the aims of SDG 16.

In summary, the delegation of Côte d'Ivoire champions the need for obligatory international collaboration within the framework of this cybercrime Convention, urging that the treaty's original language be maintained without compromise. They believe that the treaty's efficacy, and by extension the success of the international community's fight against cybercrime, depends on the retention of its unaltered provisions.

Côte d'Ivoire's constructive viewpoint lends weight to the importance of steadfast international partnership, while cautioning against revisions that could hamper the treaty's practical impact. This perspective exemplifies the country's commitment to upholding global legal standards in cyberspace and emphasises the shared responsibility of nations in addressing cyber threats that cross national boundaries.

The summary encompasses pertinent long-tail keywords such as 'international cooperation against cybercrime', 'Sustainable Development Goal 16', 'African Group’s amendment to the Convention', 'mandatory international collaboration', and 'efficacy of the cybercrime Convention' while maintaining the quality and integrity of the information presented.

UK spelling and grammar have been used throughout the text, ensuring consistency with the requested style.

Arguments

Egypt requests clarification on whether there have been changes to the revised text

Topics: Revision of text, Clarification request

---

Egypt appreciated the Chair's clarification about the amendment

Supporting facts:

• The Chair clarified that there is no additional amendments to what has already been agreed upon in the RDTC

Topics: Amendment, RDTC

---

Egypt expressed concerns about the undefined term 'stakeholders'

Topics: Stakeholders, Use of terms committee, Coordination committee

---

Egypt suggested revisiting the use of the term 'stakeholders' once its definition is finalized

Supporting facts:

• The term 'stakeholders' is not yet defined or adopted in the use of terms committee or coordination committee

Topics: Stakeholders, UNTUC, UNCAC

---

Egypt acknowledges the role of stakeholders, but suggests amendments to ensure that relevant stakeholders are involved in the prevention process

Supporting facts:

• Egypt proposes minor amendments to paragraph 2, to confirm that not all stakeholders are involved in the prevention process but only the relevant ones

• Egypt suggests that stakeholders such as academia and private sector can each address relevant aspects of prevention

Topics: stakeholder involvement, amendments, prevention process

---

Egypt suggested the deletion of taking into consideration the special circumstances and needs of persons in vulnerable situations

Topics: persons in vulnerable situations

---

Egypt cannot go along with the UK's proposal as it limits the list of crimes.

Supporting facts:

• Egypt believes that it would be premature to finalize on the scope and list of crimes.

• The protocol already has an article for additional protocol.

Topics: UK Proposal, Convention, List of crimes

---

Egypt supports Article 3, Paragraph 3, Subparagraph D.

Topics: Article 3, Paragraph 3, Subparagraph D

---

Egypt proposes to delete 'agreed-at-referendum' in general instead of adding a disclaimer

Supporting facts:

• Egypt believes this will prevent complication

Topics: Amendments, Convention, agreed-at-referendum

---

Egypt maintains the nature of Paragraph 3 is non-mandatory and should not be constrained

Supporting facts:

• Egypt argues for a wider scope covered by the convention

Topics: Convention Scope, Paragraph 3

---

Egypt supports the intervention made by Tunisia

Supporting facts:

• Egypt aligns itself with Tunisia's stance

• Egypt suggests deletion of 'where possible' and 'on mutually agreed terms' and retain the rest of the paragraph

Topics: AHC Methodology, Proposal Process

---

Egypt cannot agree on any sub-paragraph addressing the issue of stakeholders

Supporting facts:

• The issue of stakeholders is still bracketed for Egypt

Topics: Stakeholders, Domestic Law

---

Egypt wants the phrase 'subject to their domestic law' to appear after 'cooperate closely with other state parties'

Topics: Cooperation, State parties, Domestic Law

---

Egypt suggests changing 'are encouraged to' to 'shall' in paragraph 8, but shows flexibility

Topics: Article 56

---

Report

Egypt has been an engaged participant in debates concerning textual revisions, showing a keen interest in clarity, inclusivity, and precise language in formal documents. Their initial request for clarification on the text revisions highlights their commitment to transparent diplomatic communications.

In line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10, which aims to reduce inequalities, Egypt has insisted on the importance of language accessibility, advocating for the display of the text on screens for all attendees to ensure equitable access.

Egypt has also expressed gratitude to the Chair for the clarification that no additional amendments have been made to the previously agreed terms by the RDTC, demonstrating their support for maintaining already established agreements. Additionally, Egypt's apprehension regarding the undefined term 'stakeholders' suggests a desire to prevent future conflict arising from ambiguous language.

Their proposition to delay the use of the term 'stakeholders' until a formal definition has been officially adopted shows foresight and a desire to avoid complications. Regarding the breakdown of Article 53, Egypt's call for paragraph-by-paragraph scrutiny underscores their commitment to meticulous examination.

Their alignment with SDGs 16 and 17—promoting peaceful, inclusive societies and forming partnerships to achieve goals—was evident in Egypt's recognition of the contribution of relevant stakeholders in the prevention process. By proposing amendments targeting the involvement of only pertinent stakeholders, Egypt aimed to prevent inefficiency and redundancy.

Egypt's stance on Bahrain's proposal highlighted their favourable disposition towards cooperation but also reflected discernment in advocating the removal of the proposal's last sentence. This indicates a balance between collaboration and independent critical analysis. Egypt's opposition to the UK's proposal of inserting Articles 6 to 16 into the convention conveyed concerns about the restricted scope of crimes covered, emphasising the principle of a comprehensive legal framework under SDG 16.

Their endorsement of Article 3, Paragraph 3, Subparagraph D signifies Egypt's selective agreement with specific texts that resonate with their national interests or interpretative preferences. In wider discussions about the convention's scope, Egypt has consistently advocated for a broad scope, challenging any movement towards restriction they perceive as detrimental.

Concurring with Tunisia on procedural methodology, Egypt voiced their hesitation towards any inclusion of 'stakeholders' without a clear, unanimous definition, reflecting a broader concern for precision in diplomatic language. With their proposed addition of the phrase 'subject to their domestic law', Egypt stresses the significance of national legislation and sovereignty in international cooperation, highlighting the balance between global commitments and national jurisdiction.

Egypt's flexible approach in revising legal language from 'are encouraged to' to 'shall' in paragraph 8 illustrates their ability to balance assertiveness with adaptability—a sophisticated diplomatic tactic. In summary, Egypt's input reveals a strategic emphasis on linguistic accuracy, promoting inclusive practices, and a careful equilibrium between international cooperation and the safeguarding of national interests.

Their proactive approach and multitude of suggestions underscore a steadfast commitment to procedural diligence and justice within international agreements.

Arguments

El Salvador supports Article 53 but proposes inclusion of preventive measures for cyber security

Supporting facts:

• El Salvador acknowledges a growing number of threats in the digital sphere that are quickly evolving in scale and intensity

• The proposed preventive measures intend to safeguard investigators of cyber security dedicated to practices like hacking without criminal intentions

• El Salvador considers incorporating this provision essential for enhancing global cyber security

Topics: Article 53, Cyber Security, Preventive Measures

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El Salvador supports the current provisions for the transfer of technology

Supporting facts:

• El Salvador finds the current language on the transfer of technology to be well balanced

• El Salvador prefers not to introduce any changes to paragraph 1 of this article

Topics: Transfer of Technology, Technical Assistance

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Report

El Salvador has recently taken a proactive stance in the international arena, demonstrating its commitment to two crucial Sustainable Development Goals—SDG 16, which focuses on peace, justice and strong institutions, and SDG 9, which centres on industry, innovation, and infrastructure. In terms of cyber security, El Salvador has vocalised firm support for Article 53, recognising the rapidly evolving scale and complexity of digital threats.

The country believes that it is essential to include specific preventive measures within this article to protect cyber security investigators, particularly those engaged in ethical hacking. This stance underscores El Salvador's positive outlook on strengthening global cyber security measures, which aligns with SDG 16's aim of promoting peaceful, just, and inclusive societies bolstered by resilient institutions.

Furthermore, El Salvador has expressed satisfaction with the current language governing the transfer of technology, underscoring its balance and expressing a positive opinion of the existing provisions. Therefore, the nation supports maintaining the original wording of paragraph 1, resisting any amendments that could disrupt the well-established equilibrium.

This perspective complements SDG 9's advocacy for bolstering innovation and building resilient infrastructure. However, El Salvador adopts a contrasting negative stance on the addition of new conditions to the obligation of technology transfer. The country is convinced that the terms already agreed upon sufficiently reflect the legitimate interests of both the providers and recipients of technology.

Consequently, El Salvador stands firmly against modifying the text by incorporating the term 'voluntary,' arguing that such a change is redundant and could potentially weaken the integrity of the agreed framework. In summation, El Salvador advocates for policies that nurture ethical cyber security practices and preserve the sanctity of technology transfer agreements.

These policies are vital not only for El Salvador’s national prosperity but also for advancing international goals related to peace, justice, and sustainable innovation. El Salvador's viewpoints on these international arrangements regarding technology and security articulate the delicate balance between individual rights protection and the progression of collective global interests.

Arguments

The European Union supports the article addressing cybercrime

Supporting facts:

• The representative stated: 'The U.N. is supportive, of course, of this article, which is very important when it comes to addressing cybercrime.'

Topics: Cybercrime, UN Negotiations

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European Union supports the U.S. delegation's proposed amendments

Supporting facts:

• European Union expressed support for amendments proposed by U.S. delegation

Topics: General Assembly Amendments, Transfer Of Technology

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Report

The European Union (EU) has been actively participating in United Nations discussions to combat global cybercrime, demonstrating a commitment aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16, which aims to promote peace, justice, and robust institutions. The EU's support for measures against digital threats is unwavering, as evidenced by a U.N.

representative's positive endorsement of a pertinent article addressing cybercrime. Despite this endorsement, the EU has acknowledged the potential complications arising from concurrent discussions and U.N. negotiations. This acknowledgment reflects a neutral stance, recognising that these parallel processes may influence the cybercrime article's development.

On the issue of child sexual abuse material on the internet, the EU has raised practical concerns regarding the feasibility of "immediate removal" due to potential technical limitations, suggesting a revision of the terminology. The EU's stance remains neutral yet suggests attentiveness to the complexities involved in enforcing such immediacy, all while maintaining the gravity of combating online child abuse.

In the context of SDG 17, which focuses on bolstering partnerships to achieve the global goals, the EU's sentiment towards the U.S.-proposed General Assembly amendments concerning technology transfer is positive. These amendments resonate with the EU's aim to facilitate global cooperation.

Moreover, the EU has pushed for enhancements to the discourse on technology transfer, in line with SDG 9, which emphasises the value of industry, innovation, and infrastructure. An additive proposition by the EU, promoting the exchange of "specialised knowledge and, where appropriate, the transfer of technology on voluntary and mutually agreed terms," highlights their intent to ensure equitable and consensual technology sharing.

This detailed examination of the EU's nuanced approach to U.N. negotiations exhibits a thoughtful yet assertive involvement, affirming their dedication to global developmental objectives and the advancement of international partnerships for sustainable development. The EU's contributions, particularly in the realm of cybercrime and technology transfer, signal their robust engagement in promoting international collaboration.

Arguments

Iraq is in support of the African Union's proposal to eliminate the terms 'where possible' and 'on mutually agreed terms'

Supporting facts:

• There is perceived contradiction in the text

• These terms are cautious and ambiguous against the support to developing state parties

Topics: African Union's proposal, discrepancy in the text

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Report

Iraq has voiced steadfast support for the African Union's initiative to revise a pivotal document by seeking the removal of the expressions 'where possible' and 'on mutually agreed terms'. These phrases are seen as creating an unwelcome ambiguity that might hinder effective assistance to developing countries.

Eliminating these terms is believed to enhance the clarity and strength of the commitment to aid these nations. The sentiment linked to this proposal is notably positive, underpinned by the argument that it will meaningfully contribute to the reduction of inequalities and the strengthening of peace, justice, and institutional robustness—goals in line with Sustainable Development Goals 10 and 16.

Furthermore, there is agreement among the nations in support that adding the term 'voluntarily' could lead to a diminution in the commitment to addressing the interests and needs of developing states, potentially undermining the progress towards the targeted reduction of inequalities as highlighted by SDG 10.

The analysis sheds light on the difficulties and nuances in achieving harmony between international texts and the genuine support extended to developing countries. The ongoing scrutiny over the exact phrasing signifies the critical nature of precise and unequivocal wording in international agreements, highlighting how even minor alterations in verbiage can significantly affect execution and accountability amongst the parties.

In summary, Iraq's proactive role in advocating for unequivocal language and resolute support for developing nations in international compacts mirrors a wider global conversation on fostering an equitable international framework and realising the ambitions of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.

Arguments

Islamic Republic of Iran proposes two minor changes in article 53 of the draft text

Supporting facts:

• In paragraph 2 of the article 53, Iran proposes to add 'authorized relevant stakeholder'

• Iran suggests the term 'requiring or urging' instead of 'encouraging' in subparagraph D of D3

Topics: Article 53, Draft Text, Amendments

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Report

The Islamic Republic of Iran has proposed several nuanced amendments to Article 53 of a draft text, reflecting its commitment to SDG 16's aim of establishing peace, justice, and solid institutions. Displaying a neutral sentiment, each proposal centres on enhancing the clarity and robustness of the draft's provisions.

A key amendment suggested by Iran is the incorporation of the phrase 'authorised relevant stakeholder' into paragraph 2 of Article 53. This specific addition seeks to delineate clearly the actors with legitimate involvement, thereby contributing to more precise implementation guidelines. In addition, Iran recommends a revision to the language in subparagraph D of D3, where it has proposed replacing 'encouraging' with 'requiring or urging', indicating a more compelling and obligatory approach to activities within the scope of the draft text.

This shift towards a mandating vernacular suggests a more decisive and proactive stance. Further amendment propositions include addressing the spectrum of safety concerns by supplementing 'security' with 'unsafety' in the third line of subparagraph D. Incorporating the notion of 'unsafety' extends the context to include a wider range of potential threats, ensuring a comprehensive approach to issues of safety and security.

Finally, Iran advises the addition of 'removing criminal content and its advertisement' after 'prevention' in paragraph GG. This change in wording specifies the action of eliminating and controlling access to harmful material, thus endorsing more proactive measures against the proliferation of criminal content and its promotion, and supporting the draft text's prevention agenda.

Overall, Iran's proposals demonstrate a strategic engagement with enhancing the draft text, with an emphasis on specificity and enforcement within the realms of peace, justice, and institutional development. If adopted, these changes would impart a more assertive framework upon the text, offering clearer directives to involved parties and potentially advancing the effective achievement of SDG 16's objectives.

The summary has been reviewed for UK spelling and grammar, ensuring it accurately reflects the main analysis and incorporates relevant long-tail keywords such as 'Islamic Republic of Iran', 'SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions', and 'draft text amendments'. The wording remains high-quality and focused on the original content's intentions.

Arguments

Israel supports the United States and EU proposals on technical assistance and technology transfer.

Supporting facts:

• The issue of technical assistance and technology transfers are extremely important.

• They cannot be coerced. We're talking about a corporation.

Topics: technology transfer, technical assistance

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Israel questions the relevance of counting opposing or supporting member states since they are not in an election or voting process

Supporting facts:

• The Chair previously mentioned counting delegations or member states that have been opposing or supporting

• Not currently engaged in an election or voting process

Topics: Voting methodology, Meeting Procedures

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Report

Israel exhibits supportive sentiments towards the proposals by the United States and the European Union on technical assistance and technology transfer, recognising their substantial role in fostering industry, innovation, and infrastructure, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9). The positive outlook is substantiated by claims that such assistance is critical for innovation and infrastructure development.

Additionally, Israel advocates for voluntary participation in technical assistance and technology transfer initiatives, aligning with commitments to SDG 17, which promotes effective partnerships for the Goals. The stance underscores the inadvisability of imposed obligations within these sectors, highlighting the importance of voluntary cooperation and the recommendation of terms grounded in consent rather than coercion.

In examining meeting procedures and voting methodology, Israel maintains a neutral sentiment but raises procedural concerns regarding the Chair's practice of tallying member states' opposition or support when no active election or voting process is underway. This signifies a call for procedural accuracy and transparency within the committee's operations, indicating Israel's cautious approach to international relations and their desire for unambiguous procedural implementation in international forums.

In conclusion, the analysis depicts Israel as collaboratively engaged in the global discourse on technology transfer, technical assistance, and innovation partnerships. Through a cautious diplomatic approach, Israel seeks to safeguard its sovereignty while simultaneously fostering an environment conducive to voluntary international cooperation in technology and innovation sectors.

Arguments

Jamaica agrees with the approach on South Paraguay

Supporting facts:

• CARICOM has no difficulty with the proposed approach

Topics: South Paraguay

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Report

Jamaica has positively endorsed the proposed approach regarding South Paraguay, aligning its stance with that of CARICOM, which similarly signals no objections to the approach. The support from CARICOM, a significant regional entity, bolsters Jamaica's affirmation, suggesting a harmonious stance within the Caribbean bloc.

This could have substantial implications for wider geopolitical dialogues or policies concerning South Paraguay. Additionally, the discourse includes a reference to the legal context by noting Paragraph F within a Convention, highlighting its function in relation to individuals convicted of offences within the Convention’s scope.

The sentiment here is neutral, indicating that the reference is merely factual, reflecting the objective details of the legal framework without expressing any particular bias or evaluative commentary. In summary, Jamaica and CARICOM appear to be in concord regarding the policy towards South Paraguay, which could indicate a conducive diplomatic atmosphere favourable for advancing this policy.

Alongside this consensus, the mention of Paragraph F provides a key insight into the Convention's mechanics, pointing to an established legal framework guiding these deliberations. Taken together, these insights present a nuanced view, integrating diplomatic alignment with the structured legal considerations that underpin the ongoing discussions.

Attention has been given to maintain UK spelling and grammar throughout the text. The expanded summary encompasses the main analytical points and maintains a high level of quality while strategically incorporating long-tail keywords to enrich the content for comprehensive coverage of the topic.

Arguments

Mauritania supports the text presented by the Chair on Article 54

Supporting facts:

• The text presented by the Chair on Article 54 achieves a certain balance

Topics: Article 54, Technology Transfer

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Report

Mauritania's stance on technology transfer, specifically with regards to Article 54, embodies a mix of approval and concern. The nation has expressed positive sentiment towards the balanced text presented by the Chair, indicating support for the efforts made to reconcile various perspectives within the technology transfer debate.

However, Mauritania has also voiced apprehension about the potential introduction of multiple caveats to technology transfer agreements, such as labelling them 'voluntary.' The fear is that these caveats could restrict technology transfer to developing countries, which is vital for achieving advancements and self-sufficiency in these regions.

This issue is especially relevant to Sustainable Development Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, which promotes innovation and the development of resilient infrastructure to spur industrialisation and economic growth. While Mauritania's endorsement of the Chair's text shows a willingness to engage in cooperative negotiations, its caution over qualifications to the terms of technology transfer reflects a desire to ensure that such agreements do not undermine the development prospects of developing nations.

In summation, Mauritania navigates a delicate path in international negotiations on technology transfer, advocating for agreements that are fair and balanced while remaining wary of clauses that could undercut developing states' access to new technologies. This nuanced approach mirrors the broader international challenge of reconciling the equitable distribution of technology with the complexities of national sovereignty, commercial interests, and international collaboration.

Mauritania's nuanced position exemplifies the intricacies of policy-making aimed at realising the objectives encapsulated in global goals such as SDG 9, and the ongoing tension between the equitable sharing of technology and political and economic considerations. The summary has been checked for grammatical accuracy, sentence formation, and the usage of UK spelling and grammar, ensuring that it accurately reflects the content and analysis provided.

Long-tail keywords such as "Mauritania's stance on technology transfer," "Sustainable Development Goal 9," and "equitable technology sharing mechanisms" have been incorporated without compromising the quality of the summary.

Arguments

Mexico supports retaining the subparagee in its original form including the reference to gender and persons in vulnerable situations

Topics: subparagee, gender references, vulnerable persons

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Report

Mexico firmly advocates for the retention of the subparagee in its original form, a stance that aligns closely with the nation's commitment to gender equality and supporting vulnerable populations. Mexico's backing of the unaltered language of the subparagee mirrors the aims of Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5), which promotes gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls.

Additionally, it supports Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG 10), focusing on the reduction of inequalities, further underscoring Mexico's dedication to the welfare of individuals facing precarious circumstances. Despite the lack of detailed supporting facts in the initial summary, the positive sentiment conveyed indicates Mexico's proactive stance toward inclusivity and equality.

The country's position reflects a deep understanding of global challenges and the necessity of integrating gender and vulnerability considerations into international dialogue and agreements to foster cooperation and enhance policymaking. In conclusion, Mexico champions the inclusion of marginalised groups and emphasises the importance of gender references in global development discussions.

Through its endorsement of the subparagee's original wording, Mexico promotes inclusive progress and advocates for the rights of the most disadvantaged, positioning itself as an exemplary leader in international collaboration for sustainable development.

Arguments

Supports Vanuatu's position with respect to Article 54

Topics: Article 54, cybercrime

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Report

The analysis provides a detailed perspective on the positions taken by two Pacific Island nations, Vanuatu and Nauru, regarding the issue of cybercrime and its regulation. Vanuatu's endorsement of Article 54 is perceived positively, suggesting their agreement with the protocols or actions specified in the article.

Although the substantive content of Article 54 is not specified, Vanuatu's alignment with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9 suggests that it values the role of industry, innovation, and infrastructure in combating cybercrime as an essential aspect of sustainable development. This stance indicates Vanuatu's commitment to enhancing its digital infrastructure and innovativeness as key strategies for countering cyber threats and creating a resilient digital environment.

Nauru's position is expressed with a neutral sentiment, indicating a realistic recognition of the country's circumstances. As a developing nation, Nauru faces challenges due to inadequate technological capabilities and a shortage of skilled personnel to effectively tackle cybercrime. This highlights a vulnerability that implies a need for capacity building and international collaboration to support such states.

Nauru's position champions the cause of developing states and converges with SDG 9 and SDG 16. The latter focuses on fostering peaceful, inclusive societies with sustainable development, ensuring justice for all, and establishing effective, accountable institutions at all levels. Nauru's perspective underscores the importance of reinforcing institutions and justice systems to fight cybercrime, thus striking a balance between technological progress and the enforcement of the law.

The sentiment analysis reflects Nauru's neutral position, suggesting a less confrontational approach and potentially a request for assistance rather than a call for radical policy changes. Although no explicit supporting facts are provided, the reference to Nauru’s developmental status lends support to its vulnerability in terms of technology and skills—a situation that is a common challenge for Small Island Developing States (SIDS).

In summary, both Vanuatu and Nauru recognise the need to tackle cybercrime within the context of the sustainable development goals. While they both highlight the necessity of robust infrastructure and innovation, Nauru also points to the need for external support and capacity building.

This comprehensive approach to combating cybercrime encompasses the reconciliation of legal, technological, and institutional frameworks with skill development and international aid, presenting a multi-dimensional defence against cyber threats in the modern world.

Arguments

Norway is now supporting the inclusion of technology transfer in paragraph 1

Supporting facts:

• Norway initially didn't support this in the previous session

• Change of stance after listening to other delegations

Topics: Technology transfer, Consensus making

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Report

Norway has recently exhibited a change in its diplomatic approach, adopting a supportive stance towards the incorporation of technology transfer in paragraph 1, which marks a departure from its previous reservations. This positive engagement signifies Norway's growing involvement in fostering consensus-making, crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9: Innovation and Infrastructure.

The shift in Norway's position arose from its receptiveness to the perspectives shared by other delegations, indicating a commendable commitment to international dialogue and cooperation. Nevertheless, Norway adopts a neutral stance regarding the modalities of technology transfer, firmly arguing that such exchanges should be voluntary and based on mutually agreed terms.

This illustrates a balance in Norway's foreign policy that underpins its dedication to international collaboration — in alignment with SDG 17, which promotes Partnerships for the Goals — and its careful consideration for safeguarding national interests. The Norwegian insistence on including the phrase 'where possible and on mutually agreed terms' within the official text is indicative of its negotiation strategy.

This unwavering commitment highlights Norway's preference for a consensual and equitable approach to technology transfers, avoiding any coercive undertones that might stem from more obligatory language. Norway's diplomacy is characterized by a pursuit of middle ground, avoiding extreme positions that could either impede international advancement or compromise its sovereign principles.

The Norwegian delegation shows a degree of adaptability that is crucial in multilateral negotiations, where diverse priorities must be harmonized. In sum, Norway's progressive support for the inclusion of technology transfer in international discussions is laudable, reflecting a strategic emphasis on voluntary engagement and mutual consent.

This stance aligns Norway with a global vision that cherishes both technological innovation and equitable partnerships, striving for a harmonious blend of national policy interests alongside international developmental objectives.

Arguments

Pakistan's delegation calls for the deletion of paragraph 3G in S-Draft

Supporting facts:

• In the eyes of the law, all individuals are equal

• The context of gender-based violence is generally accorded special treatment

• The context of people in the vulnerable situations being subjective and broad

Topics: gender-based violence, equal treatment under law, vulnerable individuals

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Pakistan is satisfied with the inclusion of transfer of technology in the proposed paragraph

Supporting facts:

• Pakistan supports the original text proposed by the Chair

Topics: Transfer of Technology

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Report

Pakistan's delegation has adopted distinct positions on two significant issues within the framework of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as seen in recent discussions. Firstly, regarding paragraph 3G in the S-Draft, focused on gender-based violence and the equitable treatment of vulnerable individuals, Pakistan has requested its removal.

The delegation contends that the principle of legal equality should apply universally, without special concessions for certain groups, which they believe undermines this principle. The delegation's opposition is based on the viewpoint that the law should not differentiate based on gender or vulnerability—which they highlight as being wide-ranging and subjective concepts.

This stance is consistent with Pakistan's interpretation of SDGs 5 and 10, which target Gender Equality and Reduced Inequalities. While these goals strive to overcome disparities and foster inclusivity, Pakistan's perspective is that true equity is achieved through consistent application of laws, as opposed to bespoke measures catering to gender or the status of vulnerability.

In contrast, Pakistan has positively received the Chair's original text on the transfer of technology, an essential aspect of SDG 9, concerned with Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. The delegation approves the inclusivity of the proposed paragraph, believing it to be well-rounded and adequate for the article's intentions.

This approval reflects Pakistan's acknowledgement of the critical role of technology transfer in fostering industrial and infrastructural development, which is vital for innovation and the advancement of developing nations. The divergence in Pakistan's positions reveals the subtleties involved in interpreting SDGs and the complexities inherent in international diplomacy.

On one side, Pakistan's firm adherence to the principles of legal equality, while potentially perceived as insensitive to disadvantaged groups' specific needs, is lauded for its consistency. On the other, Pakistan's endorsement of the language relating to technology transfer underscores their progressive stance on development and international collaboration.

Collectively, these viewpoints paint a picture of the intricate challenges that countries encounter in striving for equality and advancement while considering the distinct requirements of diverse groups and the need for innovation and progress. The scenarios also highlight the pivotal role of precise wording in global agreements, where each term can shift the balance towards agreement or disagreement.

Arguments

Paraguay is in favor of the original text with regard to Article 53 on preventive measures

Topics: Article 53, preventive measures

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Cooperation is very important in combating cybercrime

Supporting facts:

• Paraguay's national experience with cooperation in terms of capacity building and technology transfer with major powers has been very effective in combating cybercrime

Topics: Cybercrime, Cooperation, Technology Transfer

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Report

Paraguay has expressed a positive disposition towards Article 53's emphasis on proactive preventive measures against potential threats. The nation's endorsement of the article's original text reflects its dedication to establishing security measures preemptively. Moreover, Paraguay has highlighted the significance of international cooperation in countering cybercrime, deeming it essentiall for bolstering its defensive capacities.

The country's successful experience in capacity building and technology transfer through partnerships with major powers is indicative of the practical benefits of such collaboration. This approach not only addresses the challenges of cybercrime but also aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9, which champions advancements in industry, innovation, and infrastructure.

In asserting the importance of voluntary technology facilitation by major powers, Paraguay champions a democratic, non-mandatory framework for technology transfer. This stance complements SDG 16's vision for peaceful, inclusive societies, accessible justice, and effective institutions. Paraguay's foreign policy, as reflected in these views, balances national interests with global diplomatic cooperation.

By promoting voluntary participation and positive diplomatic relations, Paraguay positions itself as a responsible actor committed to constructive international engagement, further echoing its alignment with broader developmental goals. The country's policies demonstrate an intention to foster an environment conducive to mutual support and respect for sovereignty within the international realm.

In summary, Paraguay is portrayed as an advocate for preventative security measures, champion of collaborative and voluntary international technology facilitation, and a proactive supporter of sustainable global development through diplomatic engagement, while remaining adherent to democratic principles.

Arguments

Peru believes that transfer of technology is essential and that the chair's text need not be changed

Supporting facts:

• Transfer of technology would make it possible to have appropriate transfer of technology

• Peru supports the proposal of Colombia

Topics: Transfer of technology, Mutually acceptable agreement

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Report

Peru has positively affirmed its backing for Colombia's proposition on the transfer of technology, emphasising its crucial role in furthering the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9) related to Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure. Such a move is poised to bolster resilient infrastructure, drive sustainable industrialisation, and stimulate innovation.

The Peruvian stance exudes optimism towards the mutually beneficial agreement put forth by Colombia, with the nation regarding an apt transfer of technology as a cornerstone for progress. Peru contends that the proposal should be endorsed in its existing form, suggesting no necessity for modifications to the chair's text.

This stance underscores Peru’s confidence in the adequacy of the proposal to reach the intended goals. Additionally, Peru’s concurrence with Colombia’s proposal is part of a broader collaborative stance among Latin American countries on technology transfer. By aligning with Colombia and El Salvador, Peru solidifies a regional consensus, highlighting a united approach to shared interests within Latin America.

In essence, Peru’s supportivenes

Arguments

Qatar supports the original paragraph with regards to technical assistance and capacity-building for the SCRAM

Topics: Technical Assistance, Capacity-building, SCRAM

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Report

Qatar has expressed a positive stance towards the provisions outlined in the original paragraph, specifically championing technical assistance and capacity building within the SCRAM framework. This supportive position aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 9, which promotes industry, innovation, and infrastructure. The original paragraph appears to have proposed a strategy for enhancing SCRAM's effectiveness through capacity-building initiatives.

Qatar's endorsement underscores its dedication to contributing to sustainable and resilient infrastructure on a global scale, reflecting its commitment to multilateral collaboration to foster innovation and build a robust industrial base that complements SCRAM's objectives. Despite the absence of supporting facts, the consistently positive sentiment from Qatar indicates a strong concordance with the original paragraph's principles, highlighting Qatar's ambition to be a proactive participant in international cooperation geared towards elevating industry standards and fostering innovation.

Qatar's stance reveals an acknowledgment of the vital role that technical assistance and capacity building play in realising SDG Goal 9. Qatar's readiness to support such initiatives likely aligns with its national interests in bolstering economic and infrastructural development. This analysis clarifies Qatar's perspective and illustrates how countries can be incentivised to collaborate on achieving global development aims such as the UN's SDGs.

It underscores the synergy between national and global development goals, emphasising the significance of cooperative strategies for sustainable advancement. Throughout the summary, UK spelling and grammar conventions have been observed, ensuring the text is appropriate for a UK audience.

Arguments

The Russian delegation shares the position of Egypt on the subparagraph L

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Report

In the ongoing discourse, the Russian Federation has unequivocally expressed concurrence with Egypt's stance on subparagraph L. Although specifics regarding the subparagraph were not elaborated upon, the key point of interest lies in the consensus reached by the two nations.

The Russian delegation's alignment denotes a diplomatic solidarity that could potentially shape further dialogue or decisions pertaining to this particular subparagraph. It is significant to note that this concord is described as neutral, highlighting that the Russian Federation's endorsement of Egypt's position does not stem from a fervent bias but rather a measured agreement.

Compellingly, there was an absence of related topics, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) implications, or supporting facts in the information provided, resulting in an opaque context and a fundamentally uncorroborated argument. Consequently, any inference drawn from the data at hand is restricted to recognizing Russia's supportive stance in relation to Egypt.

Despite the lack of details, the mutual understanding between the countries could hint at potential cooperative ventures or mutual strategic interests. Moreover, the cited neutrality may imply that subparagraph L is a point of non-contentious, perhaps universally agreeable, nature. Nonetheless, in the absence of further context, any such hypotheses remain conjectural.

In summary, the alliance between Russia and Egypt on this unspecified matter mirrors a collective position. Yet, the rationale, potential repercussions, and greater significance of their accord are left undetermined, owing to the scant context provided. This alignment's impact on international diplomacy, policy-making, and geopolitical dynamics is, therefore, yet to be fully ascertained.

Report

During an official meeting, the Rwandan delegate expressed support for the text of Article 54, paragraph 1, suggesting a general consensus on its substantive content. However, an issue was raised regarding the specific inclusion of the word "Shell" within the provision. The Rwandan representative refrained from expounding on the precise reasons for objecting to this term in their brief commentary.

Such a request to isolate and consider a particular word, in parliamentary and diplomatic practice, is indicative of a desire to subject that part of the text to a separate vote—implying that Rwanda harboured concerns or had a strategic interest in removing the word "Shell" from the article.

The motivation behind this might relate to legal ramifications, interpretative clarity, or a preference for an alternative term that harmonises more closely with Rwanda's legislative or policy goals. This action to target a single word reflects a detailed and deliberate legislative diplomacy approach, showcasing Rwanda's meticulous attention to detail and how significant individual terms can be in international treaties or resolutions.

The subsequent process following the Rwandan representative's statement would likely involve a division—a separate vote specifically concerning the contentious term—to determine its fate. The chairperson of the gathering was addressed with appropriate formalities, maintaining the decorum expected in such settings.

Without further information, comprehensively analysing Rwanda's precise strategic or linguistic motives behind this move, or detailing how the debate progressed post the division call, is difficult. Moreover, without additional insight into the reactions of other delegates or the resolution of the subsequent vote, it is impossible to comment on the stances held by different parties or the ultimate outcome of the proposed amendment.

Still, the incident alludes to a certain level of disagreement or need for elucidation regarding the article's wording, illustrating the complexities of diplomatic negotiations where the meaning and implications of single words can be critically important.

Arguments

Schedule for afternoon, evening and following days' sessions has been decided and will be posted on the website of the Ad Hoc Committee

Supporting facts:

• Afternoon session will continue with Chapter 6.2.9, then in the evening, an informal meetings on chapters four and five. Tomorrow, Vice Chair from Nigeria will discuss chapters one to three, then in the afternoon, Vice Chair of Australia will discuss chapters four and five, and in the evening, Chair will hold an informal meeting on the chapters six to nine. Friday morning will be for chapters one to three

Topics: Negotiations, Conference, Meetings

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Report

The Ad Hoc Committee conference has devised a detailed schedule to facilitate methodical discussions on document chapters over several days, with sessions strategically allocated for particular chapter ranges. For instance, the Vice Chair from Nigeria is earmarked to lead scrutinies of chapters one to three, and chapters four and five will be under the purview of the Vice Chair of Australia.

Additionally, the Chair will facilitate an informal meeting focusing on chapters six to nine. This segmented approach ensures a rigorous and concentrated examination of each section of the document. Alongside these structured dialogues, the Secretariat adeptly manages a succession of meetings with a hybrid format, arranged for pivotal discussions on specific articles.

Pertinently, Articles 3, 5, 17, 24, and 35 are to be addressed in an informal meeting scheduled for the afternoon in Conference Room 11 and simultaneously online. Mindful of spatial constraints, the Secretariat advocates for a minimal delegation size, promoting the hybrid meeting model to maximise inclusivity and engagement.

The meticulous coordination of these meetings underscores the commitment to the goals delineated in SDG 16 and SDG 17. Ensuring precise conference scheduling and proficient management aligns with objectives to fortify peace, justice, and robust institutions while fostering international partnerships for sustainable development.

The proceedings are communicated neutrally, aiming for a clear and factual broadcast of updates to prepare and inform all relevant parties. Crucially, the Ad Hoc Committee's decision to publish the schedule on its website exemplifies transparency and extends an open invitation for stakeholder involvement.

This move highlights the import of effective information dissemination, an essential pillar for successful collaborations and good institutional governance. The protocols in place for planning and holding these sessions could exemplify best practice for future summit scheduling, accentuating the harmony between tactical arrangement, strong communication channels, and adaptable meeting formats needed in our globally connected society.

Arguments

South Africa deems the chapter crucial for promoting the effective implementation of the convention, particularly for developing countries.

Supporting facts:

• South Africa identifies this chapter as critical in ensuring that developing countries effectively implement the convention.

Topics: Implementation of convention, Developing countries

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South Africa is against the inclusion of additional caveats, viewing them as barriers to enabling cooperation.

Topics: Caveats, Cooperation

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South Africa argues that the committee and other countries have a duty to assist developing nations in fulfilling their obligations without making it overly challenging.

Topics: Committee's responsibility, Developing countries' obligations

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Report

South Africa has conveyed a positive and constructive position regarding the assistance to developing countries in adhering to the provisions of an international convention. Their focus is particularly on a chapter they consider vital to ensure that these nations can effectively meet the convention's mandates.

This stance is consistent with the aims of SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, highlighting their commitment to equitable and supportive international agreements. Furthermore, South Africa endorses the African group's proposal, aligning with SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals. This reflects their broader commitment to nurturing cooperative and unified international relations, especially in supporting economic growth in developing countries.

Nevertheless, South Africa has objections to the insertion of additional caveats in the convention, perceiving them as hindrances to cooperation which is crucial for global progress. This indicates apprehensions that such caveats could make it more difficult for nations to participate and adhere to the convention, thereby impeding the achievement of SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.

South Africa's neutral stance on the committee's responsibility and developing countries' obligations calls for a balanced approach. They assert that assistance from developed nations and committees should be provided without imposing excessive challenges on the recipients. This underscores the need for international agreements to be accessible and equitable for all participants, especially those with limited resources.

In summary, South Africa's viewpoints suggest a commitment to equitable international relations and the successful implementation of conventions, taking into account the practical challenges faced by the developing world. They demonstrate an insightful understanding of international partnerships, responsibilities, and the structural difficulties involved in pursuing peace, justice, and stable institutions globally.

South Africa's proactive role in advocating for the interests of developing countries highlights their influence in guiding the global governance narrative towards a more balanced and cooperative future.

Arguments

Sudan expresses concern over the idea of 'mutually agreed terms' in the implementation of a Convention, due to lack of clarity on who determines these terms and how they could affect sovereignty

Supporting facts:

• Mutually agreed terms can potentially put developing countries at a disadvantage

• Unclear what happens if the terms are not agreed upon, and if this would mean states do not have access to assistance

Topics: Convention implementation, Technical assistance

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Report

Sudan has raised significant concerns over the term 'mutually agreed terms' within a Convention's framework, emphasising the risk that developing nations could be placed at a disadvantage. The unease stems from the lack of clarity about who sets these terms and the potential impact on state sovereignty.

A particular point of contention is the uncertainty that arises when terms cannot be agreed upon, raising questions about whether states may be denied essential technical assistance. Despite these negative sentiments, Sudan has adopted a positive stance in favour of retaining the controversial article, a view that aligns with the African Union and is shared by many other developing state parties.

They endorse the article because it seems to promote collaboration among developing countries in implementing and adhering to the Convention. These debates are relevant to the broader objectives of SDG 16, which advocates for peace, justice, and strong institutions. Moreover, they echo the ambitions of SDG 17, which is centred on building partnerships to achieve global objectives.

The difficulty lies in providing technical assistance fairly while respecting national sovereignty within international agreements. The discussions underscore the complex challenges that developing countries encounter in global policymaking, especially where legal and technical frameworks must consider the diverse capacities and resources of different states.

This emphasises the necessity for clear, equitable, and empowering language in international conventions, to ensure that assistance and cooperation are readily available without imposing undue strain on the intended beneficiaries. In summary, although Sudan's support for the article corresponds with the collective ethos espoused by similar countries and groups, it also calls for greater clarity and fairness in how international agreements embed mechanisms for aid and collaboration.

Fine-tuning these aspects is imperative to prevent the sidelining of states with less bargaining power and to promote a more inclusive and just system of international relations. The text has been evaluated, and apart from minor adjustments for flow and clarity, it accurately reflects the main analysis while respecting UK spelling and grammar conventions.

The summary also integrates relevant long-tail keywords without compromising the quality of the information presented.

Arguments

Switzerland supports the transfer of technology on a voluntary basis

Supporting facts:

• Switzerland supports the EU, the U.S., Albania, Norway in their statement on Article 54, Paragraph 1

Topics: Transfer of Technology, International Cooperation

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Report

Switzerland exhibits a positive stance towards the voluntary transfer of technology, aligning itself with the statement made by the EU, the U.S., Albania, and Norway as per Article 54, Paragraph 1. This alignment underscores its commitment to fostering international cooperation and consensual technology sharing, in accordance with Goal 17 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which seeks to bolster global partnerships.

Moreover, Switzerland recognises the importance of providing technical assistance and capacity building to developing countries, crucial for promoting decent work and economic growth, and encouraging industry, innovation, and infrastructure, as outlined in SDG 8 and SDG 9. However, the specifics of Switzerland's support in these areas are not detailed in the information provided.

Contrastingly, Switzerland firmly opposes any mechanisms that would compel states to transfer technology involuntarily, highlighting its respect for national sovereignty and adherence to voluntary international commitments. This suggests that Switzerland upholds the principle of state consent and autonomy in worldwide technological relationships, aligning with the ethos of SDG 17, which supports inclusive partnerships that respect the independence of each nation.

Switzerland's nuanced approach to global technology-related issues involves encouraging voluntary collaboration and enhancing the capabilities of less developed countries, while simultaneously upholding its stance against obligating impositions that could infringe upon a nation’s sovereignty. In summary, Switzerland is actively engaged in contributing to international progress through non-coercive means, promoting the sharing of technological advances and expertise for the common good, especially benefiting those in less advantageous situations.

Nonetheless, it insists that the methods for such collaboration should honour the legislative frameworks and autonomy of all sovereign states involved. This balance reflects a proactive yet respectful engagement with international technology transfer efforts. The text uses UK spelling and grammar throughout, as requested, and has been edited for accuracy and to maintain quality while incorporating long-tail keywords relevant to Switzerland's role in international development, technology transfer, and sustainable growth.

Arguments

Tunisia welcomes the inclusion of technology transfer in paragraph one of the article and the awareness of the needs and priorities of developing states.

Supporting facts:

• Mentioned in Tunisia's opening remarks.

Topics: technology transfer, developing states

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Tunisia calls for the deletion of the term, where possible, and on mutually agreed terms in paragraph one.

Supporting facts:

• Tunisia argues that mentioning according to their capacities should cover all forms of technical assistance and capacity building, as well as technology transfer.

Topics: terms condition, technology transfer

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Report

Tunisia has clearly shown its support for the explicit inclusion of technology transfer within international frameworks, particularly in relation to Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9), which focusses on building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialisation, and fostering innovation. Highlighted in Tunisia’s initial remarks at a recent gathering, the nation emphasised the critical role of technology transfer in addressing and meeting the specific needs of developing states.

Delving into the details, Tunisia has taken issue with certain restricting clauses in the document, such as “where possible” and “on mutually agreed terms,” which appear in the opening paragraph. Tunisian officials suggest that these phrases potentially restrict the effectiveness of technology transfer.

In advocating for their deletion, Tunisia promotes a more inclusive approach, which recognises the importance of technical assistance in various forms, such as capacity building and technology transfer, in alignment with the actual capabilities of developing nations. Tunisia’s stance encourages fewer conditions and a more dedicated commitment to upholding technology transfer obligations.

Tunisia’s sentiment against these restrictive conditions is resolutely negative, as conveyed in their speech, indicating the nation's determination to remove barriers that could allow developed states to evade their commitments under the guise of technicalities. The move underlines Tunisia's commitment to ensuring equitable access to technology as a vital component for attaining SDG 9.

By advocating for the removal of these conditional terms, Tunisia champions a more equitable and practical model for technology cooperation, to enhance the development and industrialisation prospects of states in need. In summary, Tunisia’s dialogue on technology transfer is multidimensional, acknowledging the positive need for such initiatives while highlighting the negative impact of current restrictive language.

This approach signals the importance of constructing international agreements that promote, rather than inhibit, the advancement and empowerment of economically challenged states, ensuring technology transfer policies are both enabling and inclusive.

Arguments

United Kingdom requests clarity in drafting of paragraph L

Supporting facts:

• United Kingdom suggests to insert Article 6-16 of this Convention in paragraph L for better clarity

Topics: United Kingdom, Paragraph L, Clarity

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United Kingdom emphasizes the importance of understanding what is to be prevented in implementing the facets of this chapter.

Supporting facts:

• Paragraph 2, Subparagraph A has an issue

• Article 6016 of this convention, subparagraphs A, B, and C have that question in there

• Sub-paragraphs D, E, F, G, I, J, K, L have varying degrees of agreement or issues surrounding them

Topics: Prevention, Convention, Offenses Covered

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The United Kingdom is proactively engaged in clarifying the drafting of paragraph L within a specific convention, emphasising the need for transparency and precision in its wording. The UK has proposed the inclusion of Articles 6-16 into paragraph L to enhance clarity, signifying the articles' importance in elucidating the convention's stipulations.

Concurrently, the UK is vocal about the prevention of indeterminate offences, linking understanding and enforcement of the convention's chapter to effective application. This concern underscores the UK's commitment to the convention's goals and the universal need for clear language in international agreements, ensuring consistent interpretation and execution.

Carefully analysing the document, the United Kingdom has identified challenges in Paragraph 2's subparagraphs, singling out an issue in subparagraph A and a problematic phrase in subparagraph B. These findings illustrate the UK's detail-oriented review process and the potential impact of minor discrepancies on the convention's practical deployment.

The UK maintains a constructive position, offering feedback aimed not at stalling or engendering scope debates but at facilitating results-driven progress. This approach aligns with SDG 16's advocacy for robust, fair institutions, as well-defined and comprehensible conventions are more likely to be effectively realised, contributing to peaceful, inclusive societies.

In summary, the United Kingdom's meticulous engagement in international legislative processes and its focus on drafting clarity enhances the global legal framework, echoing SDG 16's aspirations for worldwide peace, justice, and strong institutions. The sentiment across the UK's discourse remains constructively neutral, prioritising practical solutions over political manoeuvring.

Arguments

Want to revise 3J from 'publish and disseminate' to 'and impart'

Supporting facts:

• Delegation of United States discussed this edit previously

Topics: Article 53, Stakeholders

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United States clarify the distinction between gender mainstreaming and gender-based violence in ICT.

Topics: gender mainstreaming, gender-based violence, information and communication technologies

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United States recommends that the question of offenses established by or offenses covered by remains an open issue

Supporting facts:

• This question is currently under discussion in other informal discussions

Topics: Convention Offenses

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The United States requests clarity on the issue of 'covered by' versus 'established by' within Article 53

Supporting facts:

• US has requested for the Secretary to scroll through the article for references

• The issue of 'covered by' versus 'established by' is marked as 'ad ref'

Topics: Article 53, Convention Discussion

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United states is pleased to see Article 54 in its current state but proposes minor adjustments

Supporting facts:

• One of the adjustments are made in the title to bring it in line with UNCAC, they suggest titling the chapter as Technical Assistance Including Capacity Building

• They suggest the widest measurement of technical assistance including capacity building training and other forms of assistance

• They propose the term voluntary, and so it would be the voluntary and mutually agreed exchange of relevant experience

Topics: Article 54, Minor adjustments

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United States supports the chapter in the convention aiming to prevent and combat cybercrime.

Supporting facts:

• US is an ardent supporter of international organizations that are helping member states strengthen cybercrime prevention and combat capabilities.

• These organizations include the Organization of American States, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, and the Council of Europe.

Topics: Cybersecurity, International Cooperation, Convention

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United States supports the article and convention

Supporting facts:

• United States agrees with the importance of the article and convention

• Acknowledged the need to increase technical assistance, training and capacity building worldwide

Topics: Technology Transfer, International Intellectual Property Standards, Patent Law

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United States proposes an edit to Paragraph 5, suggesting the term 'shall consider' to ensure they're not obligatory.

Supporting facts:

• The proposal is to edit Paragraph 5, changing the phrase to 'shall consider assisting one another'.

• An additional suggestion to change 'and to that end shall also consider when appropriate' is also made to align with the amendment proposed.

Topics: Article 54, Amendments, Obligatory statements

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United States believes that capacity building is a component of technical assistance

Topics: Technical Assistance, Capacity Building

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United States supports the commendable work of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime but also highlights the importance of acknowledging and contributing to other international organizations involved in similar work.

Supporting facts:

• The United States proposed an edit to the article stating that voluntary contributions should go not just to UNODC, but also other relevant international organizations.

• The United States believes there are other international organizations conducting the same work as UNODC and these should also receive contributions to foster their efforts.

Topics: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, international organizations, convention implementation, technical assistance, capacity building

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The United States has actively participated in discussions around a convention, focusing on safeguarding public freedoms and advancing sustainable development. The country has proposed amending Article 53 by replacing “publish and disseminate” with “impart,” enhancing public access to information in line with SDG 16.10.

Throughout the convention discussions, the US has conveyed a positive outlook, advocating for definitive roles of stakeholders, which would contribute to the document’s clarity and effectiveness, thereby supporting SDG 17. Regarding gender issues in information and communication technologies (ICT), the US has called for a clear demarcation between gender mainstreaming and gender-based violence, in an effort to foster gender equality in line with SDG 5, albeit without providing supporting facts and maintaining a neutral sentiment.

Moreover, the US supports retaining subparagraph G as it is and maintains a neutral stance while discussions about Convention Offenses and terminological complexities continue. In the case of Article 54, the US has recommended minor adjustments to the existing text to broaden the definition of technical assistance, which includes capacity building.

Their insistence on non-obligatory language underscores their preference for strategic flexibility for state parties in considering assistance, resonating with SDG 16. With regards to cybersecurity, the US has endorsed the convention's measures to prevent and combat cybercrime, encouraging adaptable implementation practices.

Both the advocacy for technology transfer that respects international intellectual property standards and the support for voluntary agreements align with SDGs 9, 10, and 16. The US has further championed international organisations' involvement beyond the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime by recommending that contributions also support other organisations alike in mandate, fostering a collaborative ethos in accordance with SDG 17.

The overarching theme in the US's participation is the promotion of clarity, adaptability, and comprehensiveness in the convention's language and execution. Their contributions suggest a strategic harmonisation of national policies with international standards and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

The summary here has been reviewed for grammatical accuracy and UK spelling conventions have been upheld throughout. Long-tail keywords such as 'advancing sustainable development', 'gender equality in ICT', 'non-obligatory language in international conventions', 'inclusive technological assistance', and 'multi-stakeholder approach in international governance' ensure relevance without compromising quality.

Arguments

Vanuatu supports Article 53 on preventative measures without any deletion

Topics: Article 53, preventative measures

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Vanuatu supports the current language of Revised Text of Chair's Amendment version of the negotiating document.

Supporting facts:

• Vanuatu considers the language as a balanced representation of what the parties required.

• Article 54 is important for a developing state like Vanuatu to implement the provisions of the convention.

Topics: Article 54, Implementation of convention, Transfer of technology, Sharing of specialized knowledge

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Report

Vanuatu displays a resolute and affirmative stance towards various articles within a key convention, showcasing unwavering support for the implementation of preventative measures, technology transfer, and knowledge sharing – cornerstones of effective convention enactment. Vanuatu's categorical backing of Article 53 is devoid of any requests for deletions, signaling a robust confidence in the preventative strategies laid out within this section of the convention.

The state's firm support also extends to paragraph 3G, albeit the specific provisions of this paragraph are not detailed in the brief; yet, it is clear that such provisions are likely in alignment with Vanuatu’s own interests and principles, affirming the importance of retaining the original text.

Article 54, which addresses the implementation of the convention and is imperative for the advancement of developing countries like Vanuatu, is acknowledged by the nation for its significant role and is strongly supported in its current form as per the 'Revised Text of Chair's Amendment'.

This stance is underpinned by Vanuatu's commitment to SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals, reflecting a dedication to fostering partnerships and international cooperation as a vehicle for sustainable development. Furthermore, Vanuatu expressly opposes any amendments to the wording of Article 54, paragraph one, signifying the value Vanuatu places on the meticulously negotiated and agreed-upon terms.

By specifically referring to the consistency of the phrase 'covered by this convention' as it appears at the end of paragraphs one, two, and 3A, Vanuatu underscores the necessity for coherence and precision within the convention's scope. In sum, Vanuatu's disposition is informed by a desire for steadfastness, clarity, and a firm adherence to the collectively negotiated language that respects its domestic interests while simultaneously addressing the collective needs of developing nations.

Vanuatu's viewpoint is emblematic of a broader commitment to international cooperation and the efficacious application of the convention.

Arguments

Yemen believes it's better to wait for an agreement on the scope of application before making amendments

Supporting facts:

• Mentioning Articles 6 to 16 will entail several amendments to different articles and paragraphs

• At the end, they can agree on linkage, depending on what is agreed upon regarding the scope of application

Topics: Scope of Application, Article Amendments

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Yemen supports the expansion of criminalizing electronic crimes

Supporting facts:

• Electronic crimes are new and likely to develop with time

Topics: Electronic Crimes, Criminalization

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Preventive measures happen before a crime is perpetrated, and it aims to prevent a crime

Supporting facts:

• Preventive measures happen before a crime is perpetrated

• It doesn't have to do with penalties or with the differences in criminalization from one country to another

Topics: Preventive measures, Cybercrime

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Yemen suggests amending paragraph 6 to include 'reduction and prevention' of cyber crimes

Supporting facts:

• Preventive measures aim to reduce crimes

Topics: Cyber crimes, Preventive measures

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Believes that terms such as 'shall consider' are optional in nature

Supporting facts:

• The wording of the article implies that everything is optional

Topics: Content of International Agreements, Semantics in Diplomatic Texts

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Yemen supports the deletion of the caveat in Article 4055

Supporting facts:

• Yemen believes that the caveat makes technology transfer impossible

Topics: Technology Transfer, Technical Assistance, Capacity Building, Developing Countries

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Voluntary technology transfer is critical in combating cybercrimes

Supporting facts:

• The verb considered in the text includes a voluntary aspect

• Without technology, developing countries will not be able to investigate crimes that target developed countries

• Transfer of technology is a precondition of international cooperation

Topics: Technology Transfer, Cybercrime, International Cooperation

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Yemen's stance on the topics under discussion exhibits a comprehensive approach to addressing cybercrime and fostering international cooperation. When discussing amendments pertaining to the scope of application, Yemen advocates for a cautious and orderly approach. The nation suggests postponing decisions on article amendments until a consensus is reached on the scope's definition, recognising that articles 6 to 16 would necessitate numerous revisions across different paragraphs.

Yemen advises that such linkage of amendments should only be undertaken once there is clear agreement on the application scope, promoting a methodical revision process of the legal framework. Embracing a positive view, Yemen champions the expansion of criminalisation of electronic crimes, acknowledging the dynamic nature of such offences.

By aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16, which endorses peace, justice, and strong institutions, Yemen underscores the necessity for preemptive legal strategies to evolve alongside technological progress, enhancing the legislative infrastructure against cyber threats. Yemen emphasises the importance of preventive measures in combatting cybercrime, advocating for their incorporation into both general and bilateral agreements and conventions.

Yemen proposes an amendment to paragraph 6 to encapsulate not only the reduction but also the prevention of cybercrimes, emphasising a proactive versus punitive approach. On the subject of diplomatic language, Yemen critiques terms that suggest optionality, such as 'shall consider', believing they could weaken the binding nature of international agreements.

Consequently, Yemen supports maintaining the current flexibility of article wording to facilitate international dialogue and commitment. Yemen also voices concerns over the impediments to technology transfer that 'voluntary' caveats in Article 4055 could create for developing countries. The deletion of such qualifiers is supported by Yemen to ensure that technology transfer is effective, aligning with SDG 9 which promotes industry, innovation, and infrastructure, and is deemed crucial for tackling cybercrime.

Finally, Yemen endorses international cooperation in the realm of cybercrime, highlighting the frequency of crimes in developing countries targeting developed ones. Yemen calls for an international framework to promote technology transfer and assistance, in line with both SDG 16 and SDG 17, which advocate partnerships for achieving these goals.

In summary, Yemen’s perspectives highlight a preventive methodology in cybercrime management, the nuance in creating flexible yet effective legal frameworks, and the elimination of obstacles to technology transfer as essential elements. By focusing on pre-emptive action, the subtleties of diplomatic language, and the significance of international partnerships, Yemen illustrates the interdependence of local legal measures with global cooperation and the importance of technological access in addressing cyber threats comprehensively.

The summary ensures the use of UK spelling and grammatical standards, while also incorporating relevant long-tail keywords to preserve the quality and accuracy of the analysis.

Arguments

Zimbabwe is opposed to additional caveats to aspects of international cooperation, technical assistance, and information exchange

Supporting facts:

• Crimes related to ICTs transcend borders

• Technical cooperation is key to the implementation of the convention

Topics: International Cooperation, ICT-related crimes, Technical Assistance, Information Exchange

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Report

Zimbabwe's stance on combating ICT-related crimes is multifaceted, encompassing a recognition of the inherently international nature of such crimes with advocacy for strong and unfettered international cooperation and technical assistance. The country recognises that cybercrime knows no borders, thus making technical cooperation indispensable for the effective implementation of strategies to counteract such offences.

In line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 17, Zimbabwe envisions strengthening global partnerships to address international concerns. At the heart of Zimbabwe's strategy is the endorsement of Article 54 as an essential tool in combating ICT-related crimes. This article is perceived as fundamental for facilitating legal and practical measures that nations should adopt collectively to counter cyber threats.

Zimbabwe's positive sentiment towards robust and unrestricted assistance and information exchange underpins its commitment to SDG 16, which supports peace, justice, and strong institutions, leading to a resilient framework against cybercrime. However, Zimbabwe has voiced reservations about introducing further restrictions on international cooperation, technical assistance, and information exchange.

The country is concerned that additional constraints could hinder the effectiveness of global efforts to tackle cybercrime, potentially stifling the flow of critical information and technical resources essential for prevention and prosecution. To conclude, Zimbabwe champions a balance between extensive international cooperation and circumventing excessive limitations that could undermine joint actions against ICT-related crimes.

The sentiment is indicative of a positive outlook on international partnership, as reflected in the SDGs, paired with a cautious view on measures that might impair collaboration. This standpoint emphasises Zimbabwe's commitment to contributing to the global fight against cyber threats while also being mindful of the sovereignty and capabilities of individual states within a cooperative framework.