WSIS Forum 2026
Rapport généré par l'IA

Advancing Circular ICT: Eco-design, E-waste and Digital Product Information Systems (DPIS)

9 intervenants
Résumé

Résumé

La discussion a porté sur les passeports numériques de produits (DPP) et les systèmes numériques d’information sur les produits en tant qu’outils permettant d’améliorer la traçabilité des produits, la durabilité et la circularité à travers les chaînes de valeur mondiales . Reyna Ubeda a présenté la session comme un passage « from policy to practice » et a mis en avant la collaboration en cours entre l’UIT, le PNUE et les conventions de Bâle, de Rotterdam et de Stockholm sur ce sujet . Elisa Tonda a expliqué que le PNUE s’y engage parce que la consommation et la production durables exigent des informations sur les produits qui soient accessibles, fiables et utiles, en particulier dans un marché fragmenté où les producteurs, les acteurs en aval et les consommateurs manquent souvent d’informations dignes de confiance .

Tonda a soutenu que les DPP peuvent réduire cette fragmentation en fournissant des données communes sur la composition des matériaux, la performance environnementale, la réparabilité, la durabilité, la recyclabilité et l’approvisionnement responsable . Elle a indiqué que de tels systèmes peuvent aider les producteurs à améliorer l’efficacité des ressources, les entreprises à satisfaire aux exigences de durabilité, les consommateurs à faire des achats éclairés et les décideurs publics à élaborer une réglementation plus solide . Elle a également souligné que, les chaînes de valeur des produits étant mondiales, le développement des DPP devrait être discuté au niveau international plutôt qu’au travers de dispositifs nationaux ou régionaux isolés qui pourraient créer une fragmentation supplémentaire .

Francesca Cenni a relié les DPP aux travaux de la Convention de Bâle sur les déchets dangereux et a décrit un projet pilote mené en Uruguay utilisant les données de passeport pour les batteries au plomb-acide et au lithium-ion du point de vue d’un régulateur . Le projet relie les batteries importées aux systèmes de responsabilité élargie des producteurs, ajoute des informations telles que le contenu, la date de fabrication et les responsabilités de reprise, et cherche à suivre les batteries pendant les phases d’utilisation et de déchet . Son objectif est d’améliorer le recyclage et l’élimination écologiquement rationnelle des batteries dangereuses, dont les composants peuvent gravement nuire aux communautés s’ils sont mal gérés .

Les intervenants ont également discuté de travaux de mise en œuvre plus larges, notamment de projets pilotes dans les textiles et l’électronique, ainsi que d’un cadre en cours d’élaboration pour définir des catégories de données indépendantes des secteurs et destinées à un usage mondial . Des chercheurs étudiants ont indiqué que les DPP liés aux smartphones se heurtent à des obstacles physiques, systémiques et commerciaux à une divulgation complète, même pour des entreprises relativement transparentes comme Fairphone et de grands fabricants comme Huawei et Tesla . Ils ont recommandé des approches inclusives, progressives et interopérables, et ont souligné que les DPP devraient communiquer honnêtement les incertitudes plutôt que de laisser entendre une traçabilité parfaite .

Eric Lee a ajouté qu’en Amérique latine, la conception des DPP doit tenir compte d’une présence manufacturière limitée, de marchés hétérogènes, de vastes secteurs informels du recyclage et de contraintes d’infrastructure . S’appuyant sur des entretiens avec des consommateurs, Fairphone et un recycleur uruguayen, il a soutenu que les DPP sont les plus efficaces lorsque l’information est concise, comparable d’un appareil à l’autre et adaptée à différents utilisateurs tels que les consommateurs et les recycleurs . En conclusion, les participants ont confirmé que les recycleurs entrent bien dans le champ visé par les initiatives DPP et que les travaux se poursuivent au moyen de consultations régionales afin de déterminer quelles informations les différentes parties prenantes ont réellement besoin . Dans l’ensemble, la session a présenté les DPP comme un instrument prometteur mais encore en évolution pour la durabilité mondiale, les objectifs d’économie circulaire et une gestion plus sûre des déchets électroniques .

Points clés

- La session a présenté les passeports numériques de produits (DPP) et les systèmes numériques d’information sur les produits comme des outils essentiels pour la durabilité, la circularité et la traçabilité. Elisa Tonda a expliqué que le PNUE soutient cet agenda parce que la consommation et la production durables exigent des informations sur les produits accessibles, fiables et utiles, en particulier dans un marché fragmenté où les producteurs, les acteurs en aval et les consommateurs manquent d’une visibilité digne de confiance. Elle a soutenu que les DPP peuvent fournir des informations sur la composition, la performance environnementale, la réparabilité, la durabilité, la recyclabilité et l’approvisionnement responsable, au bénéfice des producteurs, des entreprises, des consommateurs et des décideurs publics . Reyna Ubeda a renforcé ce point en donnant des exemples concrets, comme le fait de scanner un téléphone ou un vêtement pour consulter des informations environnementales et de fabrication, ce qui pourrait orienter les choix des consommateurs et la responsabilité environnementale .

- Un thème majeur a été la nécessité d’une coordination et de normes mondiales pour éviter des approches nationales ou régionales fragmentées. Elisa a averti que des dispositifs DPP distincts apparaissant selon les juridictions pourraient créer une fragmentation supplémentaire, alors même que les chaînes d’approvisionnement sont mondiales et requièrent des solutions mondiales . Reyna a souligné que l’UIT et ses partenaires élaborent un cadre destiné à être indépendant des secteurs et utilisable dans le monde entier, comprenant des catégories de données communes et des consultations régionales pour déterminer quelles informations devraient être accessibles aux fabricants, aux régulateurs et aux consommateurs . En réponse à une question du public, elle a également précisé que l’UIT et l’ETSI travaillent sur les catégories de données des DPP tout en suivant les développements européens connexes .

- La discussion a mis en avant des expériences concrètes de politiques publiques et de projets pilotes, en particulier autour des batteries, des textiles et de la gestion des produits chimiques. Francesca Cenni a décrit un projet en Uruguay mené dans le cadre de la Convention de Bâle, qui utilise des informations liées aux DPP pour les déchets de batteries au plomb-acide et au lithium-ion, en reliant les batteries importées à la responsabilité élargie des producteurs, aux entités de reprise et à la traçabilité des déchets tout au long du cycle de vie du produit . Reyna a noté que l’Uruguay figure parmi les premiers pays d’Amérique latine à inclure les DPP pour les batteries dans les politiques et la réglementation . Elisa a ajouté que des projets pilotes sont également explorés pour les vêtements textiles et a relié les travaux sur les DPP au cadre mondial sur les produits chimiques, dans lequel une meilleure information sur les produits pourrait améliorer la gestion des produits chimiques et la prise en charge des déchets en fin de vie dans des secteurs tels que l’électronique et le textile .

- Les recherches étudiantes sur les smartphones et l’Amérique latine ont mis en lumière à la fois le potentiel et les limites pratiques de la mise en œuvre des DPP. Ava Mitzi et Joseph Devin ont indiqué que leurs travaux cartographiaient les données de cycle de vie que les fabricants de smartphones peuvent réalistement fournir, sur la base d’une revue de littérature et d’entretiens avec des experts tout au long de la chaîne d’approvisionnement . Leurs conclusions ont montré que même les entreprises les plus avancées se heurtent à des obstacles physiques, systémiques et stratégiques à la divulgation, notamment la fongibilité des matériaux, la fragmentation de la chaîne d’approvisionnement et la confidentialité commerciale . Les recherches d’Eric Lee ont ajouté qu’en Amérique latine, la conception des DPP doit tenir compte de l’absence de fabricants dans la région, de l’ampleur du secteur informel du recyclage et de l’inégalité des infrastructures, tout en offrant malgré tout des possibilités d’améliorer la gestion des déchets électroniques et de faire évoluer les comportements .

- Une autre question clé a été l’adaptation des informations des DPP aux différents utilisateurs, en particulier les consommateurs et les recycleurs, plutôt que de supposer qu’un seul format convient à tous. Reyna a insisté à plusieurs reprises sur le fait que différents acteurs ont besoin de types d’informations différents, en demandant ce qui devrait être visible pour les fabricants, les régulateurs et les consommateurs . La présentation d’Eric a montré que les consommateurs et les recycleurs ont besoin d’informations concises, comparables et pertinentes plutôt que de détails techniques trop denses, et a proposé un modèle d’information à plusieurs niveaux dans lequel différents utilisateurs voient différentes couches de données . Elisa a confirmé par la suite que les recycleurs et les acteurs de l’après-usage entrent définitivement dans le champ d’application, car la composition et l’historique d’un produit peuvent aider à un démontage sûr et au bon fonctionnement de systèmes circulaires . L’échange final avec le public a également évoqué la possibilité d’utiliser l’IA pour aider à déterminer quelles informations les consommateurs ont besoin, bien que Reyna ait indiqué qu’il s’agit encore d’un domaine ouvert pour de futures discussions .

Objectif général de la discussion : L’objectif global était d’examiner comment les passeports numériques de produits et les systèmes numériques d’information sur les produits peuvent passer de la politique à la pratique en améliorant la traçabilité, la durabilité et la circularité à travers les chaînes de valeur des produits. La session visait à mettre en relation les organisations internationales, les travaux de normalisation, les projets pilotes de politiques publiques et la recherche universitaire afin de préciser quelles données les DPP devraient inclure, comment ils peuvent fonctionner à travers les régions et les secteurs, et comment ils peuvent soutenir les régulateurs, les consommateurs, les fabricants et les recycleurs .

Tonalité générale de la discussion : Le ton a été professionnel, collaboratif et fortement orienté vers les solutions du début à la fin. Au départ, il était accueillant et promotionnel, mettant l’accent sur le partenariat et l’importance du sujet . Il est ensuite devenu plus substantiel et analytique à mesure que les intervenants ont abordé les justifications des politiques publiques, les normes, les projets pilotes et les défis de mise en œuvre . Lors des présentations des étudiants, le ton s’est légèrement orienté vers une critique fondée sur la recherche et vers davantage de réalisme, mettant en évidence les contraintes, les arbitrages et les différences régionales tout en restant constructif . La fin est revenue à un ton pratique et tourné vers l’avenir, avec des questions sur les normes, les recycleurs et l’IA, ainsi qu’un encouragement à poursuivre l’engagement au-delà de la session .

Intervenants

- Bilel Jamoussi - Intervenant d’ouverture ; promoteur des systèmes numériques d’information sur les produits et de la gestion des déchets électroniques, selon Reyna Ubeda dans la discussion. - Reyna Ubeda - Project Officer, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ; modératrice et organisatrice de la session [S20] - Elisa Tonda - Chief of the Industrial Innovation Branch, UNEP - Francesca Cenni - Programme Officer, Science and Technical Assistance Branch, Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Convention Secretariat - Ava Mitzi - Diplômée récente de Sciences Po ; chercheuse étudiante dans le cadre du projet de fin d’études de l’UIT sur les appareils numériques, les coûts environnementaux et les passeports numériques de produits - Joseph Devin - Diplômé récent de Sciences Po ; chercheur étudiant dans le cadre du projet de fin d’études de l’UIT sur les passeports numériques de produits - Eric Lee - Diplômé récent de l’University of Pennsylvania ; représentait l’équipe de Perry World House travaillant avec l’UIT sur un projet de politique publique concernant les passeports numériques de produits pour les TIC en Amérique latine - Online Participant - Participant du public à distance ; travaille avec des recycleurs et sur la numérisation des installations de recyclage - Audience Member - Julian, du régulateur français - Audience Member - Dernier intervenant du public ; a posé une question sur l’intégration de l’IA dans les passeports numériques de produits

Intervenants supplémentaires : - Aucun autre intervenant nommé n’a été identifié au-delà de ceux énumérés ci-dessus.

Intervenants
ET
Elisa Tonda
135 wpm · 9 min
BJ
Bilel Jamoussi
147 wpm · 51 s
RU
Reyna Ubeda
153 wpm · 12 min
FC
Francesca Cenni
109 wpm · 7 min
AM
Ava Mitzi
139 wpm · 8 min
JD
Joseph Devin
171 wpm · 3 min
AM
Audience Member
112 wpm · 2 min
OP
Online Participant
214 wpm · 57 s
EL
Eric Lee
145 wpm · 15 min

La session a porté sur les passeports numériques de produits (DPP) et les systèmes numériques d’information sur les produits (DPIS) en tant qu’outils émergents de traçabilité, de durabilité, de circularité et de responsabilité environnementale tout au long des chaînes de valeur des produits . Bilel Jamoussi a ouvert la session à distance, notant que Reyna Ubeda était présente en personne aux côtés de ministres et de jeunes participants, et a relié la session à la « semaine numérique » plus large de Genève, notamment le UN Global Dialogue on AI Governance, le WSIS Forum et AI for Good. Il l’a décrite comme une semaine riche en action et a déclaré qu’il était clair que la prochaine génération d’innovateurs continuerait à faire progresser les choses dans la bonne direction . Reyna Ubeda a ensuite présenté le panel comme une discussion allant « des politiques à la pratique », réunissant développement mondial, expérience pilote et travaux de normalisation, tout en mettant en avant la collaboration entre l’UIT, le PNUE et les conventions de Bâle, de Rotterdam et de Stockholm sur les DPP et la traçabilité .

Elisa Tonda a expliqué l’intérêt du PNUE pour ce domaine au regard de son mandat en matière de consommation et de production durables. Elle a fait valoir que cet objectif est difficile à atteindre à moins que l’information sur les produits ne devienne accessible, fiable et utile, et a indiqué que les systèmes d’information actuels sont fragmentés : les producteurs ne savent pas toujours d’où viennent les matériaux, les acteurs en aval peinent à vérifier les affirmations, et les consommateurs sont souvent déroutés par ce qu’ils voient sur le marché . Selon elle, les DPP et les DPIS peuvent contribuer à rendre l’information sur les produits plus courante et plus utile tout au long des chaînes de valeur en couvrant des questions telles que la composition des matériaux, la performance environnementale, la réparabilité, la durabilité, la recyclabilité et l’approvisionnement responsable, contribuant ainsi à renforcer la confiance, la circularité et la durabilité . Elle a ajouté que ces informations pourraient aider les producteurs à utiliser les ressources plus efficacement, soutenir la conformité des entreprises face à des exigences croissantes en matière de durabilité, donner aux consommateurs davantage de confiance dans ce qu’ils achètent, et fournir aux décideurs publics une base factuelle plus solide pour la réglementation . Ubeda a traduit cela en exemples concrets, suggérant que si un consommateur scanne un téléphone ou un vêtement, il pourrait potentiellement voir des informations sur les impacts environnementaux, les matériaux, la fabrication et l’historique du produit, ce qui pourrait influencer sa décision d’achat. Elle a également souligné que différents utilisateurs ont besoin de types d’information différents, et que les DPP sont complexes parce qu’ils impliquent des experts de l’environnement, des experts techniques, des fabricants, des acteurs du commerce, des douanes, des matériaux et l’ensemble de la chaîne d’approvisionnement .

Un thème récurrent a été la gouvernance et la normalisation. Tonda a averti que si les pays et les régions développent séparément des dispositifs de DPP de manière isolée, cela pourrait créer une fragmentation supplémentaire. Elle a soutenu que cette conversation devrait être menée dans un cadre mondial, car les chaînes de valeur sont de nature mondiale et nécessitent des solutions mondiales . Ubeda a indiqué que l’UIT et ses partenaires élaborent donc un cadre indépendant des secteurs pour les DPIS, destiné à identifier des catégories de données communes et à évaluer si elles peuvent être utilisées à l’échelle mondiale . Elle a précisé que ce travail est mené avec les BRS, le One Planet Network et d’autres organisations, et qu’il est éclairé par des consultations régionales conçues pour clarifier ce que les fabricants sont disposés à fournir, ce dont les régulateurs ont besoin, et ce que les consommateurs et autres utilisateurs peuvent réellement exploiter . Des préoccupations similaires en matière de mise en œuvre sont réapparues plus tard dans les présentations des étudiants, en particulier concernant l’interopérabilité et le risque de systèmes de passeports multiples qui ne fonctionnent pas ensemble . Lors de la séance de questions-réponses, Ubeda a ajouté que la norme UIT L.1071 inclut une comparaison avec l’approche européenne, que le CEN-CENELEC travaille sur l’architecture du système, et que l’UIT, en collaboration avec l’ETSI, se concentre sur les catégories de données tout en suivant de près les évolutions européennes .

Francesca Cenni a orienté la discussion vers la gouvernance des déchets et les matières dangereuses à travers la perspective de la Convention de Bâle. Elle a expliqué que la convention réglemente les mouvements de déchets dangereux et autres entre États et soutient une gestion écologiquement rationnelle . Elle a ensuite décrit un projet en Uruguay, mis en œuvre avec le Centre régional de la Convention de Bâle en Argentine, qui applique des informations liées aux passeports numériques de produits aux batteries au plomb-acide et lithium-ion usagées du point de vue d’un régulateur . Dans ce cas, les batteries entrent dans le pays en tant que composants de produits tels que les voitures et les serveurs, et la politique uruguayenne de responsabilité élargie des producteurs lie ces importations à des obligations de reprise et de gestion des déchets . Cenni a indiqué que le projet vise à créer un répertoire dans lequel les producteurs ou importateurs saisiraient des informations telles que le contenu de la batterie, la date de fabrication et les obligations de reprise associées, tout en liant ces éléments aux bases de données de responsabilité élargie des producteurs et à l’identité de l’acteur responsable de la collecte et de la reprise . L’objectif est de suivre les batteries pendant leur utilisation puis dans la phase de déchet afin que les régulateurs et les acteurs responsables sachent quand et où une batterie devient un déchet et puissent la gérer de manière appropriée . Elle a décrit ce travail comme une expérimentation testant également les technologies pouvant soutenir un tel suivi, avec parmi ses objectifs l’augmentation des quantités de batteries recyclées ou éliminées de manière appropriée .

Cenni a également souligné les risques sanitaires et environnementaux en jeu. Elle a noté que certaines batteries sont hautement dangereuses, en particulier les batteries au plomb-acide usagées, parce que des matériaux tels que le plomb sont toxiques et peuvent se propager par la poussière sur de longues distances si le recyclage n’est pas contrôlé . Selon elle, la traçabilité sur l’ensemble du cycle de vie, depuis l’entrée dans le pays jusqu’à la fin de vie, peut contribuer à garantir que les batteries sont manipulées de manière à ne pas polluer les communautés ni exposer les groupes vulnérables à des matières toxiques . Ubeda a relié cet exemple à la future réglementation européenne sur les batteries et a déclaré que, selon sa compréhension, l’Uruguay est l’un des premiers pays d’Amérique latine à inclure dans ses politiques ou réglementations des dispositions liées aux passeports numériques de produits pour les batteries .

Tonda a ensuite élargi la discussion au-delà des batteries. Elle a indiqué que des travaux similaires sont en cours dans le secteur textile, y compris des projets pilotes relatifs aux vêtements utilisant les DPP ou les DPIS pour communiquer des informations sur la performance environnementale et le cycle de vie . Elle a également relié les DPP au Global Framework on Chemicals, qui examinera comment améliorer la gestion de la teneur en substances chimiques dans les produits et dans les déchets contenant des substances chimiques dans des secteurs tels que l’électronique et le textile . À son avis, les DPP pourraient favoriser une gestion plus responsable et plus collaborative de la teneur en substances chimiques tout au long des chaînes de valeur, tout en aidant les entreprises et les gouvernements à poursuivre leurs objectifs en matière de climat, de substances chimiques et de circularité grâce à une infrastructure de données partagée . Elle a insisté à plusieurs reprises sur l’importance des projets pilotes et de la « confrontation au réel », soutenant qu’un travail pratique avec de vraies entreprises, de vrais produits et de vrais secteurs est essentiel pour comprendre où ces idées fonctionnent bien et où elles nécessitent des améliorations .

Les présentations des étudiants ont apporté des résultats de recherche sur les défis de mise en œuvre et les besoins des utilisateurs. Ava Mitzi a expliqué que son travail avec Joseph Devin portait sur les appareils numériques, les coûts environnementaux et une réglementation plus intelligente, en posant la question de savoir quelles données de cycle de vie les smartphones peuvent réalistement fournir à un DPP et où les limites commencent à apparaître . Leur étude a combiné des recherches de fond sur les DPP et l’économie circulaire avec une cartographie des données et des entretiens tout au long de la chaîne d’approvisionnement . Joseph Devin a indiqué qu’après avoir examiné la littérature de l’UIT, du One Planet Network et d’autres sources, l’équipe a produit une carte de données interactive représentant un scénario optimal dans lequel tous les acteurs divulguent toutes les informations dont ils disposent sur un produit des TIC . La carte couvrait le cycle de vie, de l’extraction des matières premières jusqu’au recycleur en fin de vie, tandis que les entretiens portaient principalement sur la moitié amont de la chaîne . Il a précisé que l’équipe avait mené neuf entretiens, notamment avec un expert de l’extraction minérale, un journaliste d’investigation du New York Post, un expert du négoce de matières premières, deux experts de la fabrication TIC issus de Huawei et Fairphone, ainsi que des experts davantage orientés vers les politiques publiques provenant de l’UE et du milieu de la recherche, ainsi que du One Planet Network du PNUE .

L’une de leurs principales conclusions concernait Fairphone. Devin l’a décrit comme l’exemple le plus probant qu’ils aient trouvé d’un fabricant cherchant à divulguer le maximum d’informations disponibles, notamment des données de réparation, des données de cycle de vie, des données carbone et environnementales, des données sur les matériaux et l’approvisionnement, et des données sociales sur les fournisseurs . Malgré cela, a-t-il dit, Fairphone se heurte encore à des limites très fortes et à des ruptures de visibilité, surtout en amont, en raison des contraintes physiques des marchés de matières premières ainsi que de la complexité et du nombre d’acteurs impliqués . Mitzi a ensuite présenté Tesla comme une étude de cas contrastée, en notant explicitement qu’il ne s’agissait « pas de smartphones » mais d’un autre exemple d’OEM utilisé pour montrer ce qu’une grande entreprise disposant de capitaux importants, d’un fort pouvoir de négociation et d’incitations réputationnelles peut parfois accomplir . Elle a indiqué que Tesla assurait un approvisionnement direct pour une grande part du nickel de ses batteries, disposait de données ACV pour 100 % du lithium provenant de fournisseurs sous contrat, et retraçait l’intégralité du nickel jusqu’à son extraction d’origine . L’objectif n’était pas de présenter Tesla comme un modèle général, mais de montrer que des niveaux de traçabilité exceptionnellement élevés sont possibles dans des conditions exceptionnelles .

Huawei a fourni une troisième perspective, notamment sur la conception réglementaire. Mitzi a indiqué que, du point de vue de Huawei en tant que grand fabricant non européen vendant sur le marché européen, l’approche de l’UE en matière de DPP ne devrait pas devenir un tarif technique ni une barrière commerciale à l’encontre des entreprises étrangères, et que les perspectives de l’industrie doivent être intégrées à la conception des mécanismes de conformité . Elle a soutenu sur cette base que les DPP devraient être considérés comme une infrastructure en évolution plutôt que comme des systèmes achevés, et que leur valeur réside en partie dans le fait de montrer quelles informations sont disponibles, lesquelles manquent, lesquelles sont obscurcies et lesquelles sont dignes de confiance . Devin a ensuite explicité le réalisme de l’équipe en divisant la faisabilité des DPP en trois catégories : ce qui est faisable maintenant, ce qui est faisable sous conditions, et ce qui est structurellement contraint par des obstacles physiques, commerciaux ou systémiques . Mitzi a résumé les principaux obstacles comme étant physiques, systémiques et stratégiques : la fongibilité des matériaux et la difficulté de tracer les matières premières une fois mélangées ; la fragmentation et la perte de données le long de longues chaînes d’approvisionnement ; et la confidentialité commerciale ainsi que les pressions concurrentielles qui limitent la divulgation . Leurs recommandations étaient de privilégier l’inclusivité plutôt que la perfection, de rendre l’incertitude visible, d’adopter une approche progressive et modulaire, de traiter l’interopérabilité comme une question de gouvernance, et de créer des incitations à la participation de l’écosystème .

Eric Lee a élargi la discussion à la circularité des TIC en Amérique latine. Il a indiqué que son projet examinait quel contenu pourrait être inclus dans les DPP pour l’économie circulaire dans les TIC, en se concentrant sur l’Amérique latine parce que la région génère d’importants déchets électroniques mais compte relativement peu de fabricants, avec en parallèle des marchés TIC hétérogènes, un vaste secteur de gestion informelle et des infrastructures inégales . Il a soutenu que le renouvellement rapide des produits TIC exerce une pression sur le public pour éliminer les déchets électroniques de manière durable, et que les DPP pourraient contribuer à combler les lacunes d’information entre fabricants et utilisateurs finaux . Se référant aux normes UIT L.1070 et L.1071, il a indiqué qu’une information normalisée et affichée de manière uniforme pourrait aider les consommateurs et les acteurs de la chaîne inverse tels que les reconditionneurs et les recycleurs à rendre l’économie circulaire plus efficace et plus transparente . Il a également mis en avant les enseignements tirés d’un projet pilote dans le textile, où l’asymétrie d’information et la disponibilité limitée des données ont freiné le développement d’un système complet, et a soutenu que le déploiement des DPP dans la région nécessiterait une assistance technique en complément des politiques publiques . Dans le même temps, il a mentionné les évolutions de la politique environnementale de l’Uruguay comme preuve d’une dynamique compatible avec la mise en œuvre des DPP .

Les entretiens de Lee l’ont amené à souligner la nécessité d’une information concise et comparable pour les consommateurs. Comme l’autre équipe étudiante, il a interrogé Fairphone et l’a considéré comme un modèle utile de téléphones modulaires et de reporting en matière de durabilité, mais il a estimé que même des rapports d’impact solides peuvent être trop denses pour les consommateurs ordinaires . S’appuyant sur un entretien avec Consumers International et sur une enquête pilote allemande, il a indiqué que différents groupes de consommateurs se soucient de la durabilité de manières différentes, de sorte que les DPP ne devraient pas supposer l’existence d’un utilisateur idéal unique . Sa conclusion a été que les informations destinées aux consommateurs doivent être concises, comparables entre appareils et alignées sur ce que les utilisateurs priorisent réellement, plutôt que de partir du principe que davantage de détails est toujours préférable .

Lee a également ramené la discussion à la pratique de la fin de vie à travers un entretien avec New Life E-Waste Recycling en Uruguay. Il a indiqué que l’organisation traite actuellement environ 200 tonnes de déchets électroniques par an au moyen de méthodes largement manuelles, tout en cherchant à accroître son échelle d’activité . Il a décrit des obstacles tels que la préférence des consommateurs pour les appareils neufs, des installations limitées pour traiter des matériaux comme le verre et les plastiques, ainsi que des contraintes plus larges liées au secteur informel et à la technique . Du point de vue du recycleur, le contenu utile d’un DPP comprendrait des informations concises sur la composition des matériaux, les batteries et les condensateurs . Il a soutenu que, dans les chaînes de recyclage manuel, l’information doit être courte, claire et utile sur le plan opérationnel, car ce sont des travailleurs plutôt que des systèmes automatisés qui doivent démonter et traiter les appareils en toute sécurité . Il a conclu que les DPP pourraient mieux fonctionner dans de tels contextes au moyen d’un modèle d’information à plusieurs niveaux, où différents acteurs voient différentes couches de données, et que dans les régions aux capacités inégales, ils pourraient dans un premier temps mieux fonctionner comme des lignes directrices appuyées par une assistance technique que comme des obligations rigides .

La séance de questions-réponses a renforcé plusieurs de ces thèmes. Interrogée sur la relation entre le DPP européen et les normes de l’UIT, Ubeda a indiqué que le travail de l’UIT n’est pas distinct des évolutions européennes : la norme UIT L.1071 compare les approches, le CEN-CENELEC travaille sur l’architecture, et l’UIT ainsi que l’ETSI se concentrent sur les catégories de données . En réponse à une question sur le point de savoir si les projets pilotes et les projets de l’ONU incluent les recycleurs et les acteurs de l’après-usage, Tonda a répondu qu’ils entrent définitivement dans le champ d’application, car une meilleure transparence sur la composition et l’historique des produits devrait contribuer à créer des systèmes circulaires qui soient non seulement efficaces mais aussi sûrs pour ceux qui démontent et gèrent le contenu des produits . À propos de l’intelligence artificielle, Ubeda a déclaré que la question est étroitement liée à la discussion en cours sur les informations qui devraient être disponibles, pour qui, et sous quelle forme. Elle a noté que les consommateurs n’ont peut-être pas besoin de toutes les informations disponibles, et que les consultations régionales visent à déterminer ce qui est réellement nécessaire pour les consommateurs, les reconditionneurs et les autres utilisateurs dans différents contextes. Elle a ajouté que l’IA n’avait pas encore fait l’objet de discussions approfondies parmi les experts concernés, bien qu’il serait utile de l’intégrer à la conversation .

Dans l’ensemble, la session a présenté les DPP et les DPIS comme des outils prometteurs mais encore en évolution pour la gouvernance de la durabilité, la mise en œuvre de l’économie circulaire et une gestion plus sûre des déchets électroniques . Les intervenants ont globalement convenu que ces systèmes peuvent améliorer la traçabilité, la transparence et la performance environnementale tout au long des chaînes de valeur, tout en reconnaissant aussi des limites substantielles de mise en œuvre : gouvernance fragmentée, capacités régionales inégales, sensibilité commerciale, obstacles à la traçabilité en amont, défis d’interopérabilité, et difficulté de concevoir une information réellement utile pour différents utilisateurs . La discussion a donc mis en avant une approche itérative fondée sur la coordination mondiale, des projets pilotes pratiques, l’élaboration de normes, une consultation inclusive et un traitement honnête de l’incertitude et des contraintes structurelles .

Bilel Jamoussi
perspectives on digital product passport and digital product information systems. I had the pleasure of joining that event, but unfortunately, remotely. Reina had all the pleasure of visiting this beautiful country and being with all these young people, as well as ministers from the region. It's clear that the next generation of innovators will keep us moving in the right direction. And I thank our intervenants and everyone participating in your contributions to this discussion that is critical. I hope you enjoy this action -packed week in Geneva. I think we call it the digital week because it has the UN Global Dialogue on Air Governance, it has the WSIS Forum, and it has the AI for Good. Enjoy. Thank you very much for your attention.
Reyna Ubeda
Thank you so much, Bilel. Thank you for opening this. And, you know, Bilel is someone that really enjoys this topic, and he is a promoter of the digital product information system and also e -waste management. So thank you so much for being with us. If you need to leave, no worries. Okay. Thank you so much. So now we are going to go to our first session. We do know that we have a tight schedule. It's just 45 minutes of session. And we are going to talk from policy to practice, global development, pilots experience, and standards. From IT in ITU, we have several standards that have been developed. But before I present that, I have with me Elisa Tonda, Chief of the Industrial Innovation Branch of UNEP, and Francesca Ceni, Program Officers of the Science and Technical Assistance Branch, the Basel, Rotterdam, and Stockholm Convention. UNEP and BRS Secretariat are strong partners with us, and we are happy to work with them very closely on this topic of digital product passport, which helps with traceability. And that is why it's very important. And this will be highlighted by Francesca and also by Elisa during the intervention. So, to start with the first question, Elisa, why UNEP is on the digital product information system or digital product passport?
Elisa Tonda
Thank you very much, Reina. And first of all, let me just echo what yourself and Bilal have been saying, that this is a wonderful partnership. We have the opportunity of coming together in a pretty similar panel very regularly to take stock of the progress that we have been making in disseminating creative awareness on digital product information system and digital product passports. And here we are today. And why are we so close to this agenda is because at the core of one of the mandates that we're delivering on as an organization, is sustainable consumption and production. And frankly, it would be very difficult to achieve that objective of bringing production and consumption. towards more sustainability, towards more circularity, if we are actually not able to convey information on products, making sure that information is more accessible, more reliable and more useful. And if we're looking at the landscape today, our landscape is pretty fragmented. Producers do not necessarily always know where materials are coming from. From downstream actors have a challenge to verify the claims that products are coming with. Consumers are frequently disoriented vis -a -vis information and trustworthy information on the products that they are seeing in the market. So digital product passport or digital product information system really have a critical role to break that fragmentation and make sure that. There is more common information around products that are on the market, information that includes. So, I think that's the biggest challenge that we are facing in the market right now. material composition, environmental performance, repairability, durability, recyclability, and responsible sourcing, in such a way that this becomes valuable for everybody in that production and consumption system. It enables producers to be more efficient in the use of resources and to have visibility in their supply chain. It enables businesses to comply with growing requirements vis -à -vis sustainability to access the market. It enables consumers to have more trust in what they are eventually purchasing. It enables policymakers to make sure that they really have solid information around which to base their policy development. And one of the key elements that is strategically important is to make sure that the business is able to do what it's supposed to do. And that is to make sure that the business is able to do what it's supposed to do. And make sure that we manage such conversation as a global conversation. you are probably all being exposed to the fact that in different countries in different jurisdictions there are different efforts that are being emerging around setting up national or regional digital product passport schemes and the risk of that is that we may run into further fragmentation if each and every one goes in their own national or regional dimension so what we have very much nurtured as partners is to bring this conversation into a global setting because the value chains around which those products are emerging are global in nature and need global solution so what we have very much nurtured are dialogues and conversations in the global setting and from our side to bring in as strongly as possible what are the challenges that we face in the global setting and what are the challenges that we have to address and what are the environmental requirements that are part that needs to be transferred in a digital product passport or digital product information system. And this is very much a precondition in the current economic context to build trust, to strengthen the relationship between producers and consumers, but also to be clear in the direction of travel to build more circularity and more sustainability in our products value chain. And we'll be hearing also a number of examples that speak to the fact that this is really applicable to different products and to different value chains. Reina, may I hand back to you?
Reyna Ubeda
Yes. Thank you so much. So I'm going back to you now. How many of you have you heard about digital product passport? Maybe that was the first question I should have done before. Well, you... I don't go. You don't have. Sorry, Lilian. So raise your hand. How many of you have heard about it? The people that work with me either. But one, two, three. Okay. So there are some people that they haven't heard. But the importance of it, imagine for the phone. The important is that if we scan, we know the information about the environmental impact of the phone, where the material can come. Where it was manufactured. So you have different information. But this depends on the person that will look at the information. So now the discussion is what kind of information can a manufacturer have? What kind of information can the regulator have? What kind of information can the consumer have? Because as consumers, we also have a responsibility with the environment. So we need to know. Okay. I'm going to scan this blazer. So, for example, what material, how the material was manufactured, et cetera. So this. This can also influence my consumer, my consumption, like say, should I buy it or should I not? So this is why a digital product passport is important. And I just wanted to give you a few of these examples in other words, because sometimes we don't know how complex this work is and how many people are involved in the digital product information system. Because it is not only the environmental people or the technical people or the manufacturer, it's the people from trade, it's the people from customs, it's the people from, who else? I don't know. Material. Like there's different in the supply chain is so long that to understand this, we need a lot of work standards. And that's how the work with UNEP and BRS has been so important. So sorry about this parenthesis, but just wanted to give a bit more of context. Now, Francesca. What is the value of digital product passport also in the role that you do in the Basel Convention, Basel Rotterdam and Stockholm Convention, sorry?
Francesca Cenni
Well, first of all, also from my side, I have to speak of the great relationship and collaboration with the ITU, which dates back to more than 10 years ago. And the collaboration on many standards for the environmental sound management of e -waste developed together, including the one on the digital product passport. So the Basel Convention regulates the movements of hazardous and other waste among states. But it works also on environmental sound management and helping the countries. To build environmental management systems, maybe some of you were in the previous session. on the building of these systems. So a project like the one we are implementing in Uruguay together with the Basel Convention Regional Center in Argentina looks at using the digital product passport information related to the waste lead acid batteries and lithium ion batteries from the point of view this time of the regulator. So the batteries are coming as products into the country in cars, in servers, in different applications. And the state has an extended producer responsibility policy in place. So the import of this product is associated with the production of the batteries. So it's a link to a responsibility. so the importers are called producers in the countries of all the elements related to the containers of the batteries which are different and then we expect that by next year for example there will be a repository where all the producers of the batteries will put information on the battery, on the content, lead content, lithium content the date of manufacturing the battery but then we are looking at extending this information and linking it with the database on extended producer responsibility associating to the information and adding to the information available on these products for example the name of the take -back entity. So associating from the very beginning of the entry of the products into batteries into the country with the entity that has the responsibility for its take back. So if a battery comes in a server and the server is imported by an importer which is registered then this importer and the state regulators will have to add to the information to the database a little bit more. So we are now talking about an extension of the data that is available from the digital product passport but this data is key because the take back and the final disposer or the intermediate disposer of the battery will have to know if the battery includes the data. Lithium or lead or how many batteries and how to store them. all included already in the digital product passport, but the entities which have responsibilities for that. No, these are different in each country where the product is moving. The other possibility which we are testing is to follow the product, so the batteries, through the life, the use phase, so that we know where and when the battery becomes waste. Not we, of course, the regulator and the importers and those involved in the use phase of the batteries. And this is an experiment. We are trying to see which are the technologies available to do this, so to follow the batteries during the use phase and to follow them, to continue to follow them during the waste. phase. The objectives of this project are to enhance the quantities of batteries which are recycled or disposed of in a manner that is appropriate. This is very key for certain batteries because they are very, very hazardous. The components they include are really poisonous, for example, for the waste lead acid batteries. Lead is poisonous, the dust can travel very far away and the recycling should really be done in a controlled manner. And therefore, being able to follow the battery from the entry into the country to the end of life allows to have a traceability and to make sure that these are the dealt with in an environmentally sound manner. without polluting communities, children and women and people who don't know what they are dealing with.
Reyna Ubeda
Thank you, Francesca. And I think this becomes very important because now the regulation for batteries coming soon, especially in Europe. It's expected 2027, but not sure it will start in 2027. And I understand in Uruguay there has been also the policy. There is also included in the policy already the digital product passport. And I think this also helped for the implementation because several countries are still facing this part of the regulation, which is important. And Uruguay, I think it's one of the first country in Latin America that have made this policy, the regulation about digital product passport for batteries right now. And I think that's a big part of the reason in the legislation. And I think that's a big part of the reason in the legislation. And I think that's a big part of the reason in the legislation. And I think it's also important And I think that's a big part of the reason So thank you so much for sharing this experience. Now, as we don't have so much time, but Elisa, I would like to learn a bit about the pilot projects that One Planet Network is carrying out within the initiative digitalization for circular
Elisa Tonda
So, Reina, I'll try as much as possible to be efficient time -wise because we also have some following interventions. And what I think it's interesting to flag is that the discussions that we're having, you have heard reference to batteries, but it applies to a number of other products. And we were discussing just before the beginning of the session that there's an ongoing pilot that is looking at how digital product passport or digital products, product information system would apply to textile garments and how they can provide information on. the environmental performance, but also across the life cycle of those products. And the reason why I find these particularly interesting, and Reina, you have made reference to a digital passport being applied to electronics. The reason why I also want to flag that this is particularly interesting is that it provides a very interesting input to another intergovernmental process, which is the one linked to the global framework on chemicals that will meet in November again here in Geneva, and will look across different sectors, what are the potentials to better manage the chemical content of product, to better deal with waste -containing chemicals through different solutions with digital product passport and digital product information system being one of them. And making sure that But with that additional accountability, but also with collaboration across all the actors in the value chain, we can better manage the chemical content in product. And we can reduce and manage differently waste at the end of their first life so that ideally they can circle back and enter in the system again. So I would very much look forward to these partnerships also to be present in that context and bring in sectors that are the core of the global framework on chemicals, such as electronics, such as textile, very much the experience that we're building with real companies, real cases, real products that are applying digital product information system. Because it's only by reality checking. The ideas that we have developed that we can understand what really are the areas that we need. to improve, to keep under our radar, to make sure that this is really a solution, a tool that is not only functioning in practice, but it's also creating that trust relationship in the actors along the value chain that will enable these to really be used and a reliable instrument for sustainability and for circularity. And what is particularly interesting is that ultimately digital product information system become a very nice solution that help businesses, government achieve multiple sustainability objectives, climate objectives, chemicals related objectives, circularity objectives, digital product information system can all be the conduit. To show progress in meeting those objectives.
Reyna Ubeda
Thank you so much. We don't have so much time. But all this work that we are doing is because we are working on a framework on digital product information system. The idea is that the framework can be ready by the end of the year to publish at the beginning of next year. And what this framework will have is what are the data categories, a sector agnostic. What is the data categories that the digital product information system should have? And can it be used worldwide? So that's the work that we are doing together with BRS, with One Planet Network and different organizations as WBCST. And we are doing regional consultations because we want to understand what is the, well, each sector will have the problem with what information the manufacturers would like to give. Then what information will the regulators. What will the regulators need to deal with? What information can the consumer have? So this digital product information system will contain. a few key indicators that we will have in order to show that. So I know that there are some questions, but because we are a bit out of time, we are going to leave it by the end because there will be also some of the students that will come with their research to present what they have found about the digital product information system. But before I close this session, maybe Francesca, would you like to add something to the topic and what would you like the audience to leave today?
Francesca Cenni
Well, with the idea that in the future, there may be a lot of information available for the consumers and also for the users of different electronics to and this information will help the consumer. to deliver this electronics to the right point and to the right recyclers, to the right disposers, so that the collection and the environmental sound management of e -waste can be enhanced through digitalization and new digital tools.
Reyna Ubeda
Any from you, Elisa? No? You're good? Okay. So thank you so much, but please stay here. Now we have some remote participants because we have two, as was mentioned by Bilal, three students, two from C &Spo, Ava Mitzi and Joseph Devin, and Eric Leak from the University of Pennsylvania, and they participated in ITU Capstan project. They did some research about how the research is supporting the DPVM. So they're going to be doing some research So they're going to be doing some research So they're going to be doing some research So they're going to be doing some research So they're going to be doing some research on the DPVM. So they're going to be doing some research So I would like to give the floor to Ava and Joseph to present the research that they did, that they work with manufacturers on smartphones. So Ava and Joseph, the floor is yours.
Ava Mitzi
Thank you very much. Hi, thank you so much. I hope you can hear us. We're delighted to be here and thank you, Reina, for the introduction. My name is Ava and I'm joined by my colleague, Joseph, and we are recent graduates at Stahlsburg. And we're going to be talking today about our project, which was running throughout the year with the help of Reina and Regina. It focused on digital devices, environmental costs and the path to smarter regulation. Knowing that we are a bit pressed for time, I go straight to it. We really wanted to answer the question about concerning which lifecycle data, can smartphones actually provide to a DPP and where do the limits emerge? so to find out we ran different expert interviews and our report is actually available and you can read it but it really resembles this type of structure notably first and foremost starting off with a lot of research that we did in order to make sure that we were well informed about what is a DPP and what current information actually exists and what is it a circular what is the circular economy as it was introduced just a few moments ago about how multifunctional it is why smartphones particularly in the industry then we did a methodology which was about the data mapping and expert interviews so really trying to get expertise from the different points along the supply chain and then in part three we reported on and summarized our findings from the interviews that we had with the manufacturers and in total when it comes to smartphones manufacturers we were able to interview Fairphone and Huawei which we will get to and I hand over to my colleague
Joseph Devin
So, after having done the literature review, even from ITU, but also from the One Planet Network and all the literature we could find on the subject of the DPP and the topic of mapping all the information, we came up with a digital interactive data map that tried to portray what's the best case scenario in which all actors do their best to disclose any information they have regarding the ICT product. And that's how we came up with this interactive map that we gave as a deliverable to the ITU and that we also used as a basis to conduct our research, focusing mostly on the upstream part of the whole lifecycle of the ICT good, in which we began with the raw material extraction site all the way down to the recycler at the end of the product. But on the first half of the supply chain, we focused on the please switch slide, thank you can you switch slides you want the next one you want to go to next one thank you so yeah we on the upstream part of the supply chain we focused on nine expert interviews, first an expert in the mineral extraction topic, then an investigative journalist from the New York Post then an expert on the commodity trading and then two experts from the ICT manufacturing sector one from Huawei and one from Fairfax then more policy oriented experts from either the EU or the research environment and then from the UNEP on planet network so we conducted all those nine interviews and then came up with the report in which we interpreted their opinions and beginning with which is kind of the best example of what we could find in terms of disclosing the maximum amount of information that a manufacturer can do which is really doing anything they can as part of their marketing strategy also but out of a real motive of disclosing everything that they can which is either repair and life cycle data but also carbon and environmental data materials and sourcing data and supplier social data but still during the best decay they still encounter limits, very strong limits and visibility breaks in part due to physical limits due to the raw material structure of the market and the number of actors in the upstream supply chain so that was the main takeaway for Fairphone and we also got a lot of experience from Tesla I'll let the floor to Eva
Ava Mitzi
Yeah, so Tesla was an interesting case study because it's obviously not smartphones, but they were able to provide a different case study of an OEM that had a lot of power, had a lot of capital, and had a reputation to protect. So they, looking at their impact reports, as well as being able to interview someone from Tesla, was very interesting to see what full traceability is also possible from a large OEM with the exceptional conditions. So they had 49% of battery nickel sourced directly from suppliers, 100% of lithium LCA data from contracted suppliers, all nickel traced to extraction of origin. And they received a few awards, particularly. And they received a few awards, particularly for their ability to go really to the mine sites. And we're not putting them on a pedestal or anything, but it is interesting to see what a large OEM can do when they have the incentive, when they have the capital. So next slide, please. Huawei represented a different type of actor, and I think that's why our report is also quite interesting, because it really pairs these different perspectives from a smartphone. company like Fairphone that is, as Joseph said, the uppermost with really sustainability in mind. And it's a EU producer, manufacturer, whereas Huawei is a large scale non -EU OEM perspective as they're coming into the European market. So it was very interesting to get their perception on what it is to look forward to the DPP smartphone compliance. I think that what the specialists here in this case to Bonn really stressed is that the EU DPP standard has a potential to become a technical tariff and should not be used necessarily in this way to penalize foreign actors, but should rather have an industry perspective and include an industry perspective. So. So it was really interesting to get his perspective. Sorry. Yeah. And I think that all of these different perspectives informed our take and some of our analysis of the DPP, which should be used as an evolving infrastructure, as an evolving framework, and not as a finished and finalized password. Its value is really held in that it provides a greater clarity on what is currently available, what is being obfuscated, what is not available, what are the challenges, and it shouldn't be seen as a perfect or complete product truth. It has to progressively move forward into what is known, what can be compared, what can be trusted and acted upon across the smartphone lifecycle
Joseph Devin
Another takeaway of our surveys is that we classified in the report the feasibility of the DPP in three categories. What is feasible now because the information is at hand available? What is conditionally feasible because it's technically possible that dependent on what's available? What is the need for governance or ecosystem participation? And the third category, which is what is structurally constrained, which is limited by either physical or commercial or systemic barriers throughout the supply chain. Next slide, please.
Ava Mitzi
Yeah, so we have different recommendations, and some of these are aligned with these three main categories about what the OEM manufacturers are able to provide today and what are their greatest challenges to providing that information. According to our reporting, according to what we heard back by the manufacturer survey that we did with them, both Huawei and both Fairphone, as well as Tesla, highlighted physical, systemic, and strategic as the three main pillars of why and how information is difficult to disclose. And that is regards, I mean, it's regard to material fungibility when it comes to physical and tracing. It's regards to fragmentation and data loss along supply chain. And the different actors that are involved. And then there's also strategic, which is the commercial confidentiality and the competition that exists in the market. for OEMs not to disclose or to disclose omens to things. So these three pillars were really identified as the challenges or the difficulties that exist today when it comes to disclosure. Our recommendations, we had five recommendations when it came to our findings. Number one was prioritizing inclusivity over perfection, and this includes expertise along the supply chain that is available and having different voices that really represent the different actors along the supply chain who have real knowledge and field experience. Number two is making certainty visible and to try and remove that moral distancing that occurs from all the way at the bottom of the downstream versus the upstream. So really important. A passport that honestly discloses uncertainty is perhaps more valuable than one that presents incomplete evidence. as full traceability. Number three would be adopting a phased and modular approach and not treating this DPP password as a final perfect product, but rather doing it incrementally, and that way you can include different voices and industry insights. Number four would be treating interoperability as a governance issue. So I think Ferdinand aptly describes it here in his way. He says, are there multiple digital product passwords that an OEM would have to comply to that are popping up from different organizations that don't speak to each other? This would be a major challenge because it shouldn't be that way diluted. It should really be one, and it's cohesive and comprehensive in talking to each other. And number five is designing incentives for ecosystem participation, and that does involve – it goes back to number one about inclusiveness.
Reyna Ubeda
Thank you so much, Joseph and Eva. It was a very interesting presentation. I guess there might be some questions, but let us go directly to the second presentation, and then we open for questions from the audience. So, Eric Lee from the University of Pennsylvania. Eric, are you with us online?
Eric Lee
Hi, Reena.
Reyna Ubeda
Hi, Eric. Nice to see you.
Eric Lee
Good to see you. Thank you.
Reyna Ubeda
So, the floor is yours.
Eric Lee
All right, great. I recognize that there's not too much time left, so I can gloss over a lot of the background, because that was already discussed in very broad detail. But a lot of thank you for sharing the slides. So, yeah. So, today, we also wanted to focus a bit on what kind of content can be included in digital passports for the progression of the circular economy in information and communication technology. We particularly wanted to focus on digital passports for the progression of the circular economy in information and communication technology. So, we also wanted to focus on the digital passports for the progression of the circular economy in information and communication technology. Latin America, because it has some interesting properties that the region has some interesting properties that I will discuss in a later slide. Next slide, please. but first just a little bit about the team that I represent I am from the University of Pennsylvania, recently graduated and we have an institution called the Perry World House which has postdocs, graduate student fellows, undergraduate student fellows and we talk about global policy every week and what's really nice is that we get to be paired with clients such as the ITU to work on meaningful policy projects so I really want to thank Raina and all the guidance that she and her team have given us in the progression of this project but, next slide please yeah so first, like I said, I'll slightly gloss over the background and then talk more about why the Latin American context is interesting and then speak a little bit about some perspectives of stakeholders who we interviewed next slide please, right, so first the background, next slide The Americas are an interesting region to focus upon because they generate a lot of e -waste in particular, but Latin America in particular is less of a manufacturer region. And I'll elaborate upon that further. ICT products in particular turn over very rapidly. And so, you know, you can think about all the times that you purchased a smartphone recently, but then had to switch smartphone. And what did you do with the e -waste there, right? So there's a lot of burden on the public to kind of ensure that this creates a sustainable system. And so what can we do to help with that? Next slide. Yeah. There's – Digital product passports are a key component that would ensure the smooth transition of e -waste into more sustainable solutions. But there is a huge information gap between manufacturers who manufacture these devices and the public who uses them. Next slide, please. and the way that digital product passports would help is in accordance to ITU's L1070 and L1071 standards is if there's standardized information that can be uniformly displayed across different devices that consumers can view with ease and other players in the reverse value chain such as refurbishers and recyclers can view then the entire circular economy can be made much more efficient with more transparency. Next slide, please. Next slide, please. Oh, right. So, the timeline of DPPs for ICTs is slightly delayed relative to DPPs for other areas of industry. And that's because of the technical that's because of the technical complexity of ICTs in particular. And for the purposes of this particular paper, we wanted to focus on three stakeholders. So consumers, recyclers and and manufacturers. And one initial hurdle that we that we faced in the context of Latin America is that manufacturers are not in great supply in the region. However, consumers and recyclers offer many useful perspectives that can be implemented, taking into consideration that the lack of manufacturers is a particular obstacle in Latin American region. Next slide, please. Yeah, so the main two questions that we wanted to answer were, what information could be included in digital product passports for ICT and how can regulations be strengthened to make sure that these DPPs are implemented well? Next slide, please. right and so what's interesting about the latin american context is that first of all um there is a lack of manufacturers and so that puts it in a very different position than regions in north america and the eu uh there are many heterogeneous markets in ict in particular in latin america there's a very large informal handling sector which makes the uniform implementation of policies very difficult uh and so that's why where even legislation exists um infrastructure might not be up to speed um and so the execution of different policies might be different uh for different parties um this can be seen uh acutely with an argentina pilot that was discussed earlier in the session today uh so the there was a digital product information systems pilot launch for textiles and the main takeaway from this pilot next slide please um was that there was a there was an information asymmetry between between consumers and the manufacturers of textiles and data availability was a huge constraint on making comprehensive digital product information systems whose analog in the ICT world would be the DPPs that we are discussing and there and the reason for this is because there is a lot of fragmentation in the industry of textiles in particular and the same can be kind of seen in ICTs and so there's not uniform presentation of all the information necessary for sustainable purchasing and sustainable decision making and so the implication is that if we are to output DPPs it can't just be a policy but there must also be technical assistance made to the companies and industries that are involved with them next slide please and what is the DPPs and what is the DPPs and what is the DPPs And there is incredible promise in the region of Latin America too, because as Raina mentioned, policies such as the 292024 decree implemented in Uruguay ensure that more countries will kind of follow suit with environmentally friendly principles that are compatible with the DPP rollout. Next slide. Right, and so now I'd like to discuss some perspectives from stakeholders we interviewed. We also interviewed Fairphone, and Fairphone, as was mentioned before, is a very outstanding model of modular smartphones and sustainable and sustainably sourced materials, sustainably recycled materials. And what the Fairphone representatives shared with us was a consumer survey that indicated where their consumers' priorities were. And the types of impact reports that they were generating. Next slide. Next slide. Next slide. this is just a little bit of what their impact report looks like. As you can see, there's a lot of statistics on what kind of materials were used, what kind of carbon footprints and material footprints were generated from the making of these devices. And these would be accessible easily to consumers. Next slide, please. What was interesting to us was that there were a very large sector of consumers who do value sustainability. And so in the EU, where Fairphone is located, this kind of model of sustainable DVPs would be anticipated to be very welcome among the public. However, what we found was that the impact report contains a lot of information that most consumers might not be able to process very easily. A lot of the sustainability information is very dense. And personally, just I think if I were making a purchase based on sustainable priorities, I would want to know that the device is sustainable rather than knowing all the granular details of what is the carbon output, what is the material output that was used. And so a sentiment that was kind of shared with the Fairfax representatives is that what's really required in the DPP that's friendly to consumers is something that's concise and tells them all the information that they need and what they really prioritize rather than laying out a very, very comprehensive form of that. Next slide, please. Yeah. And so to delve a little bit more into the consumer perspective, we spoke with Consumers International, which is an international organization representing consumer stakeholders in various industries. For the ICT industry, there was recently a very interesting survey launched in Germany that was kind of a pilot of what a DPP could look like. And they collected consumer perspectives on whether or not they would use this kind of DPP and what could be included in the DPP. And so there were different kind of sectors. There were different segments of consumers that came out of the survey, each of which cared about sustainability a different amount. And so the implication is that in a region like Latin America, DPPs would have to accommodate different perspectives that, you know, some might not really prioritize sustainability as much as others. Next slide. However, what was then another point that was kind of further stressed was the need for concision in these DPPs. Because there are different segments, not everybody would have the exact same priorities. And so concise formats would be essential for maintaining consumer engagement. Furthermore, if every kind of device had a different DPP, consumer engagement would not be very high at all. Because it would be really difficult to kind of compare different devices in your purchasing decisions. And so comparability among different ICG devices is especially useful. Next slide. Right. And so next, we wanted to delve into the recycler perspective in the region of Latin America. And that is why we interviewed New Life E -Waste Recycling, which is an organization that processes e -waste in Uruguay. A little bit of context into how this organization works. They're founded over a decade ago. They currently process around 200 tons of e -waste a year. And it's entirely manual, but they have the goal of processing 6 ,000 tons annually. So there is quite a ways to go. In Uruguay, consumers prefer new devices over refurbished ones, despite higher costs. So there is this kind of like institutional cultural barrier to transcend for the creation of more sustainable devices. And there are minimal facilities for glass recycling, plastics handling in particular. So the large informal sector that kind of exists, as well as the technical hurdles that persist, are big challenges that need to be considered by DPP manufacturers. Next slide. And so what we kind of took away was that, well, first of all, there's a whole list of information that recyclers would find useful, such as, you know, material composition, battery composition, capacitor composition. But what were the deeper takeaways is that, first of all, concision is still the best for recyclers and consumers. For recyclers in particular, those in manual kind of recycling chains that are very highly present due to the large informal sector in Latin America. Having that information in shorthand is absolutely necessary for real workers, not machines, to safely and efficiently recycle and disassemble materials. And what might be useful here is that in many countries in Latin America, citizens are generally well educated and therefore capable of behavioral change. And so that's one of the things that we're trying to do. So even if sustainability isn't a very large priority right now, DPP is paired with policies such as the 292024 decree in Uruguay. have strong potential to initiate organic behavioral change that favors more sustainable ICT devices. Because of the kind of heterogeneous capabilities of different recycling plants, for example, New Life relies entirely on manual labor. DPPs would be best used as guidelines and not policy mandates, because every party would have different capabilities of actually implementing mandates. And so having guidelines and technical assistance to these kind of parties would be the best for advancing circular economy initiatives. Next slide. And so kind of taking this all together, we do conclude that well -designed DPPs can indeed influence consumer behavior, but only when information is in line with what consumers and recyclers, actually value, and if information is comparable across devices and concise. And so one kind of model that might be satisfactory to these demands is a tiered information model in DPPs, where different layers of information are visible to different parties. So if you're a consumer, you would see something different than if you're a recycler, for example. And if all this information was concise and used as a guideline rather than a mandate, then there really can be an impetus for organic behavioral change across various countries and industries. So with that, I'd like to thank you for your time. Realizing that there is not that much time left in this session.
Reyna Ubeda
Thank you so much, Eric. Excellent presentation. Maybe we can give some applause. We are the last session. We are over already 10 minutes, but I guess it will be worth it just to ask two questions. If you have for Elisa, Francesca, or the students, if there are any, I can take two questions from the floor. Or you want to go home, I guess. Everyone is tired from, oh, Julian, you have one question.
Audience Member
Good evening, and thank you, Joseph, Eric, and Ava, for the work. I am Julian from the French Regulator. I was just wondering the link between the European DPP and the ITU standard, if they are similar or not. I'm not very used to it.
Reyna Ubeda
That's for me. So we have in the standard for L1071 that we developed, there is the comparison of the European, the European standard that is there. We are, right now, you know that the ones that are working is SEN -SENELEC. It's working on the architecture of the system, how the DPP will work. And ITU, together with ETSI, is working on the data categories, but we are following all the European development. Europe doesn't have a specific standard right now, but we, as ITU and ETSI, we are working on the data categories that you contain. Okay. There is a question from online. Can we allow the question online? Yes. Okay. Please go ahead.
Online Participant
Okay. I think that's me. I hope you guys can hear me. Yes, I'm sure. Yes. Sorry. Yes. Wonderful. Okay. So, great. I really enjoyed the presentation, especially I like what I saw from Eric in terms of integrating the recycler perspective because I think that's very important in terms of how you close the loop. My question is for Elisa and maybe perhaps for you, Reyna. I just wanted to know in terms of the scope of some of the pilots that you talked about Thank you. Thank you. and also some of the UN projects that you were describing earlier in the session. Is that something that you're all – because it was a lot about the manufacturer side, and I wanted to know, is there any scope for also integrating sort of how it then works when it comes to the recycler? We do a lot of work with recyclers and digitizing their facilities and things like that. So in the sort of the scope of DPP. So I wanted to know if that was something that you look at, and if so, I'm happy to get in touch to follow up afterwards. But, yeah, that's what I wanted to ask.
Elisa Tonda
Very happy to go ahead and confirm that indeed recyclers or whatever is post -use is definitely in the scope. And the expectation is that having that additional transparency and clarity of what is the composition and what is the history of that product will help create circles. So that's what I was doing. that are functioning well but are also safe because having the clarity of the is indeed important for those who will need to disassemble manage the content of the product so definitely very interested in following up to this session and thank you so as we are out of there was one more question one more and the last one go ahead
Audience Member
thank you so much for I'm so sorry for taking the time but it was interesting session especially it triggered me the last presentation that Eric mentioned about having a concise information for DPP and I'm wondering if since we were you may not talked about IT working on making a standard for what kind of information architecture of DPP especially for ICT products I'm wondering your perspective on Do you vision that we can integrate AI in the DPP itself on whether consumer can choose what kind of information can be available? Because it must be hard to choose which information that can be useful for them because there are so many aspects that can be thought about.
Reyna Ubeda
So your question is where AI can, for example, come with which is the data that the consumer needs?
Audience Member
Yes, or whether consumers can choose which information that can be listed in the DPP, for example.
Reyna Ubeda
Well, this is part of the ongoing discussion, also the work that we are doing with One Planet Network on the digital product information system, what kind of information. will be available, but there are different discussions because one is what kind of information everyone will be able to provide, and then what information is needed as well, because maybe for the consumer you don't need all the information of the phone. Also, you don't need it or you don't want it. You will not use it. So the most important for us and why we are doing this joint force with UNEP, with One Planet Network, with the BRF, is doing these regional consultations to understand what is really needed from the different regions, what is needed from the consumers, what is needed from people in Latin America. As you saw, the research from Eric said, like, don't put so much information, otherwise it will not be used for the consumers or what information of refurbishers. So it's an ongoing discussion. How to integrate AI, I think this is something that... experts haven't been discussing so much, so it will be good to bring it to the table as well. I don't know any views from you ladies? No? Okay, so thank you so much because we are over the time, but I thank you for your interest in this workshop, in this session, and also I want to congratulate once again Joseph, Ava, and Eric for their research, for their time. They spent around six months working on it, and if I can ask you another round of applause for these students that work with us in the ITU Capstone Project. Thank you so much, and enjoy the rest of the of the week, the digital week. There are these two events that we are having tomorrow. We have an event on sustainable AI from standards to science to action in Palexpo from 9 to 12 .15, so I hope to see you all there, and also we have another one on delivering ICT climate impact data methods and country experience. Have a good evening. Thank you.
From data to impact: Digital Product Information Systems and the importance of traceability for global environmental governance
She encouraged sharing of progress rather than waiting for formal reporting opportunities. The discussion identified several immediate next steps: - Continuing global consultations with upcoming phases targeti...
Digitalisation powering environmental protection
Flurina comments that there are currently “8 electronic devices for every person on earth”. Thereby, most of the e-waste resulting from the production of these devices is not properly documented and not treated through a...
The geopolitics of digital standards: China's role in standard-setting organisations
Box 3. Cooperation between SDOs Over the years, many of the SDOs that form part of the international standardisation landscape have developed various mechanisms for cooperation. For instance, the IEC, ISO, and ITU c...
E-waste
Traceability of e-waste and the use of digital product passports for ICT goods
During this process, several working groups were held involving all sectors, private sector, public sector, civil society, traders, academia, importers, which means that this legislation was approved with all the actors ...
Scaling solutions for Goal 12 for smartphones and ICT
This side event provided an overview of the different solutions to assist in the sustainable production and consumptions of smartphones, and aimed to identify ways to replicate and scale up such measures. The session was...
Digital Technologies and the Environment: a Synergy for the Future
Diplo US and the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Washington, DC office, commissioned a report mapping the interactions between digital developments and the environment. The report looks into existing policies and avenues of coo...
1

This is consistent with the session overview, which says the discussion centred on DPPs and digital product information systems as tools for circular economy, environmental sustainability and product traceability across supply chains [S29].

2

The knowledge base records Jamoussi explicitly situating the discussion within a broader week of ITU and UN digital events, including WSIS-related activity and AI-focused governance discussions [S22].

3

The broader collaboration is supported, but the knowledge base adds that the standards ecosystem also involves ETSI, the One Planet Network, the Wuppertal Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, indicating a wider multi-stakeholder framework than the summary mentions [S22] and [S29].

4

This aligns with UNEP’s institutional role in promoting the environmental dimension of sustainable development and its work on ICT-related sustainability issues such as supply chains and e-waste [S71].

5

The knowledge base confirms that DPPs are conceived as structured collections of product-specific data, accessible through unique identifiers such as QR codes, and can include materials, design, maintenance and repair instructions, and environmental impact across the product lifecycle [S29].

6

This is supported by the emphasis on interoperability and multi-stakeholder implementation. The knowledge base adds concrete examples of this diversity, including standards bodies, pilot projects, ministries, customs- and inspection-related systems, and sector-specific initiatives in batteries, textiles, tyres and washing machines [S29].

7

The knowledge base directly supports this point, stressing the importance of harmonised international standards and interoperability across digital product information systems to ensure compatibility in global supply chains [S29].

8

This is corroborated by references to a broader global framework for digital product information systems being developed jointly by ITU with partners including UNEP and the One Planet Network, alongside technical standards work with ETSI [S22]. The session overview likewise describes ITU-led work on global standards and common framework elements for DPPs/DPIS [S29].

9

The knowledge base explicitly states that the global standards initiative will initially be implemented in Europe but will affect supply chains worldwide [S29].

10

The consumer-scanning example is consistent with the technical model of DPPs using unique identifiers such as QR codes [S29]. The knowledge base adds that concrete regulatory rollout is already planned in Europe for batteries from 2027, with expansion to textiles and steel, showing that garments are a particularly relevant example [S29].

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Enhancing sustainable computing, production and consumption — Onu explained that providing the necessary skills, capacity, education, information, and mostly financial needs, would help lower the digital impact of the main businesses, especially in developing countries. Promoting s...
Harnessing Digitalisation for Greener Supply Chains in LDCs — They have developed a system that utilizes blockchain to trace the cotton in a T-shirt, ensuring that consumers are informed of sustainable purchasing choices. This project is supported by the European Commission and hig...

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