High-level governmental plenary segment: Harnessing the benefits of AI for all through inclusive and interoperable approaches - part 1

32 intervenants
Résumé

Résumé

La discussion s’est concentrée sur la plénière gouvernementale de haut niveau de l’ONU sur la gouvernance de l’IA, convoquée pour permettre aux gouvernements de partager leurs expériences, priorités et attentes nationales et régionales en matière de coopération internationale sur des approches « inclusives et interopérables » de la gouvernance de l’IA.

Dans l’ensemble des interventions, les intervenants se sont largement accordés sur le fait que l’IA offre d’importantes opportunités pour les services publics, le développement et l’innovation, mais que ces bénéfices dépendent des choix politiques et d’une gouvernance responsable.

Un thème récurrent a été que la gouvernance de l’IA doit être centrée sur l’humain, digne de confiance et fondée sur les droits. L’Estonie a soutenu que l’IA devrait créer de la valeur pour les personnes, rester ancrée dans la démocratie et l’état de droit, et garantir l’explicabilité, la responsabilité, la sécurité et l’innovation.

Des positions similaires ont été avancées par le Luxembourg, l’Eswatini et la Pologne, qui ont mis l’accent sur la dignité humaine, la démocratie, les droits humains, la transparence, la sûreté et le maintien d’un contrôle humain, y compris dans des contextes à haut risque ou militaires.

Plusieurs intervenants ont également averti que l’IA pourrait aggraver la désinformation, la surveillance arbitraire, l’insécurité, voire une tyrannie numérique, si elle n’était pas encadrée.

De nombreuses délégations ont mis en avant les inégalités d’accès à la puissance de calcul, aux données, aux infrastructures et aux compétences, en particulier pour les pays en développement. La Libye, le Lesotho, le G77 et la Chine, le Groupe d’amis de la Zambie, le Kenya et le Costa Rica ont tous soutenu que la fracture de l’IA ne concerne pas seulement l’accès à la technologie, mais aussi la capacité à la façonner, à la gouverner et à en tirer profit, ce qui nécessite des investissements dans les infrastructures, les institutions, les compétences, les données et le financement.

Plusieurs intervenants ont donc appelé à un renforcement de la coopération internationale, de l’interopérabilité, du transfert de technologie, des outils open source et du renforcement des capacités afin qu’aucun pays ne soit laissé de côté.

Parallèlement aux principes généraux, de nombreux États ont mis en avant des initiatives nationales concrètes. El Salvador a cité sa loi de promotion de l’IA et son Agence nationale de l’intelligence artificielle ; le Kazakhstan a décrit de nouvelles protections des droits numériques, des lois sur l’IA et la cybersécurité, l’extension du haut débit et l’éducation à l’IA ; le Portugal a présenté un programme national sur l’IA axé sur la mise en œuvre et un modèle ouvert en langue portugaise ; et le Kenya a mis en avant sa stratégie nationale sur l’IA, son cadre d’interopérabilité des services publics et la formation des agents publics.

D’autres intervenants, notamment la Tanzanie, le Liban et l’Ouzbékistan, ont également décrit des efforts nationaux en matière de compétences en IA, d’infrastructures numériques, de politiques sectorielles et de préparation à la gouvernance.

Dans le segment multipartite ultérieur, les participants ont soutenu que la gouvernance de l’IA devrait inclure les voix sous-représentées, en particulier les jeunes et les gouvernements locaux, et qu’elle devrait traiter de la concentration du pouvoir des entreprises, de l’exclusion linguistique et de la dépendance cognitive excessive de l’être humain aux résultats produits par l’IA.

Dans l’ensemble, le dialogue a mis en évidence un large soutien en faveur d’une gouvernance de l’IA inclusive, pratique et multilatérale, conciliant innovation et garanties, tout en évoluant des principes généraux vers la mise en œuvre.

Points clés

L’objectif général de la discussion était d’ouvrir la plénière gouvernementale de haut niveau de l’ONU sur la gouvernance de l’IA, en permettant aux États membres et aux autres parties prenantes de partager leurs approches, priorités et attentes nationales et régionales concernant la coopération internationale sur la manière de mettre les bénéfices de l’IA au service de tous grâce à une gouvernance inclusive et interopérable. - Une gouvernance de l’IA inclusive, centrée sur l’humain et fondée sur les droits a constitué le principe commun dominant. De nombreux intervenants ont souligné que l’IA doit être au service des personnes, protéger la dignité et les droits, rester redevable au jugement humain, et renforcer plutôt qu’affaiblir la démocratie et la confiance. L’Estonie a déclaré que l’IA doit être centrée sur l’humain, digne de confiance, responsable et ancrée dans la démocratie et l’état de droit.

El Salvador a de même soutenu que l’IA devrait servir le bien commun, avec transparence, sécurité et respect des droits humains, tout en préservant le jugement humain dans les décisions affectant les droits fondamentaux.

Des appels similaires sont venus du Luxembourg, de l’Eswatini, de la Suisse et de la France, tous insistant sur la dignité humaine, les droits humains et une gouvernance centrée sur l’humain. - Une préoccupation majeure a été la fracture mondiale de l’IA et la nécessité de renforcer les capacités, les infrastructures et la participation effective des pays en développement. De nombreuses délégations ont averti que les capacités en IA, la puissance de calcul, les données et l’expertise sont concentrées dans un petit nombre de pays, avec le risque d’aggraver les inégalités à moins que les investissements et la coopération n’élargissent l’accès. La Libye a souligné l’exclusion de l’Afrique des centres de données, des brevets et des bénéfices de l’IA, présentant cela non seulement comme une fracture numérique, mais aussi comme une fracture en matière d’emplois, d’usages et d’opportunités.

Le Lesotho a soutenu que l’enjeu n’est pas seulement l’accès à l’IA, mais la capacité de participer à son développement, à sa gouvernance et à son application, ce qui exige du capital humain, des institutions et des infrastructures.

Le G77 et la Chine ont pareillement averti que, sans investissement soutenu dans les infrastructures, les compétences, les institutions et les capacités de gouvernance, l’IA renforcera les inégalités existantes.

Le Groupe d’amis de la Zambie et le Kenya ont également appelé à un renforcement pratique des capacités, à des financements, à des infrastructures et à une participation équitable à l’élaboration des normes. - La coopération internationale et des cadres mondiaux interopérables ont été présentés comme essentiels, l’ONU étant considérée comme la plateforme centrale. Les intervenants ont répété qu’aucun pays ne peut gouverner l’IA seul et qu’une coopération multilatérale est nécessaire pour créer des normes communes, de la cohérence et une mise en œuvre pratique. Le Luxembourg a déclaré que le multilatéralisme n’est « pas facultatif » mais essentiel, et a appelé à un cadre international pour une IA sûre, digne de confiance et centrée sur l’humain. La Géorgie a appelé à une architecture juridique internationale robuste et à une mise en œuvre renforcée du Pacte numérique mondial.

L’Algérie a décrit l’ONU comme la plateforme la plus légitime et la plus inclusive pour faire face à la fragmentation de la gouvernance de l’IA.

La Chine a également soutenu explicitement l’ONU comme principal canal de la gouvernance mondiale de l’IA et a proposé une coopération en matière de renforcement des capacités, d’IA open source et de cadres communs. - Plusieurs États se sont concentrés sur l’équilibre entre innovation et réglementation, y compris la mise en œuvre nationale au moyen de lois, d’institutions et du déploiement dans le secteur public. Plutôt que de considérer la gouvernance comme purement restrictive, de nombreuses interventions ont décrit l’IA comme un outil de développement nécessitant des dispositifs de gouvernance pratiques, des institutions spécialisées et une adoption responsable. El Salvador a cité sa loi sur la promotion de l’IA et de la technologie ainsi que son Agence nationale de l’intelligence artificielle comme exemples d’un équilibre entre innovation, gestion des risques et instauration de la confiance.

Le Kazakhstan a décrit un cadre constitutionnel et législatif sur les droits numériques, l’IA et la cybersécurité, parallèlement à d’importants investissements dans la connectivité, la puissance de calcul et l’éducation. Le Portugal a soutenu que le défi ne consiste pas seulement à réglementer l’IA, mais à gouverner sa mise en œuvre dans les services publics, y compris l’administration publique, la santé et la réponse aux crises.

L’Espagne a de même lié la gouvernance à une réglementation concrète, à des institutions de supervision et à des protections telles que l’interdiction des deepfakes sexuels et les garanties pour les mineurs. - Des voix supplémentaires de parties prenantes ont élargi le débat à l’inclusion des jeunes, à la gouvernance locale, à la diversité linguistique et aux effets cognitifs humains. Dans le segment multipartite, les participants ont soutenu que la gouvernance de l’IA ne devrait pas seulement protéger les personnes de manière abstraite, mais inclure celles qui sont directement concernées. Une représentante de la jeunesse a critiqué la tendance à régir l’accès des jeunes plutôt que le pouvoir des entreprises technologiques, et a appelé à une participation significative des jeunes à l’élaboration de la gouvernance. Un représentant du Global Cities Hub a soutenu que les gouvernements locaux et régionaux devraient être reconnus comme des acteurs de gouvernance distincts, car l’IA est mise en œuvre localement et a des effets locaux sur les données, l’environnement et les droits humains. Un autre participant, du Kirghizistan, a souligné que de nombreuses petites langues sont « invisibles pour l’IA » et a promu les outils open source pour soutenir l’inclusion linguistique. Une dernière intervention a soulevé la question de la « gouvernance cognitive », avertissant que l’IA peut réduire la vigilance humaine et l’esprit critique humain, ce qui devrait être pris en compte dans les cadres de gouvernance. Le ton général a été formel, diplomatique et constructif tout au long de la discussion, avec un fort esprit multilatéral. Il a aussi été empreint d'urgence et de prudence par moments, en particulier lorsque les intervenants ont abordé la concentration du pouvoir, les inégalités, la désinformation, les risques existentiels ou démocratiques, ainsi que les dangers de laisser les pays en développement de côté.

Dans la section multipartite ultérieure, le ton est devenu légèrement plus direct et critique, notamment sur l’exclusion des jeunes, la représentation des gouvernements locaux et la concentration du pouvoir privé, tout en restant orienté vers des solutions.

Intervenants

- S.E. Ambassadeur Rein Tammsaar - Président/modérateur de la session ; Ambassadeur ; mentionné dans la transcription comme présidant certaines parties de la plénière. Il a exercé les fonctions d’Ambassadeur numérique de l’Estonie [S64]. - Estonie - Intervenant pour l’Estonie identifié dans la transcription comme le Président de la République d’Estonie, M. Alar Karis. - S.E. Ambassadrice Egriselda López - Présidente/modératrice de la session ; Ambassadrice ; mentionnée dans la transcription comme présidant certaines parties de la plénière. - El Salvador - Intervenant pour El Salvador identifié dans la transcription comme le Vice-Président de la République d’El Salvador, S.E. Felix Ulloa. - Géorgie - Intervenant pour la Géorgie identifié dans la transcription comme le Président de la Géorgie, Son Excellence Mikheil Kavelashvili. - Libye - Intervenant pour la Libye identifié dans la transcription comme le Président du Conseil présidentiel de Libye, S.E. Mohamed al-Menfi. Mohamed al-Menfi est Président du Conseil présidentiel de l’État de Libye [S86]. - Luxembourg - Intervenant pour le Luxembourg identifié dans la transcription comme le Premier ministre du Luxembourg, S.E. Luc Frieden. La stratégie du Luxembourg en matière d’IA est pilotée au niveau du Premier ministre et du ministre chargé de la numérisation [S82]. - Eswatini - Intervenant pour l’Eswatini identifié dans la transcription comme le Premier ministre de l’Eswatini, S.E. Russell Dlamini. - Pologne - Intervenant pour la Pologne identifié dans la transcription comme le Vice-Premier ministre et ministre des Affaires numériques de Pologne, S.E. Krzysztof Gawkowski. - Kazakhstan - Intervenant pour le Kazakhstan identifié dans la transcription comme le Vice-Premier ministre et ministre de l’Intelligence artificielle et du Développement numérique du Kazakhstan, S.E. Zhaslan Madiyev. Le Kazakhstan a formulé un objectif national consistant à devenir une nation entièrement numérique et à faire progresser l’IA dans l’ensemble de l’administration et de la société [S12]. - Lesotho - Intervenante pour le Lesotho identifiée dans la transcription comme la Vice-Première ministre du Lesotho, S.E. Nthomeng Majara. Le Lesotho fait progresser des priorités nationales de transformation numérique et des efforts d’inclusion [S5]. - Uruguay/G77 et Chine - Intervenante identifiée dans la transcription comme S.E. Gabriela Gonzalez, Représentante permanente de l’Uruguay, s’exprimant au nom du Groupe des 77 et de la Chine. - Zambie/Groupe d’amis pour la coopération internationale en matière de renforcement des capacités en IA - Intervenante identifiée dans la transcription comme S.E. Eunice Luambia, Représentante permanente de la Zambie, s’exprimant au nom du Groupe d’amis pour la coopération internationale en matière de renforcement des capacités en IA. - Congo - Intervenant pour le Congo identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre des Affaires étrangères, de la Francophonie et des Congolais de l’étranger, S.E. Constant-Serge Bounda. - Arabie saoudite - Intervenant pour l’Arabie saoudite identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre des Communications et des Technologies de l’information, S.E. Abdullah Alswaha. - Portugal - Intervenant pour le Portugal identifié dans la transcription comme Gonçalo Matias, ministre auprès du Cabinet du Premier ministre et de la Réforme de l’État. - Qatar - Intervenant pour le Qatar identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre des Communications et des Technologies de l’information, S.E. Mohammed bin Ali Al Mannai. L’architecture de cybersécurité et de gouvernance numérique du Qatar comprend sa National Cyber Security Agency et une stratégie nationale de cybersécurité pour 2024-2030 [S39]. - Algérie - Intervenant pour l’Algérie identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre de la Poste et des Télécommunications, S.E. Sid Ali Zerrouki. - Émirats arabes unis - Intervenant pour les Émirats arabes unis identifié dans la transcription comme Omar Al-Olama, ministre d’État à l’Intelligence artificielle, à l’Économie numérique et aux Applications du travail à distance. Les Émirats arabes unis disposent d’une connectivité quasi universelle et figurent parmi les mieux classés en matière de préparation à l’IA et de gouvernement numérique [S50]. - Costa Rica - Intervenante pour le Costa Rica identifiée dans la transcription comme la ministre de la Science, de l’Innovation, de la Technologie et des Télécommunications, S.E. Paula Bogantes Zamora. Le Costa Rica dispose d’une stratégie nationale sur l’intelligence artificielle (2024-2027) et est reconnu comme un leader régional en matière de gouvernance de l’internet et de droits numériques [S9]. - Espagne - Intervenant pour l’Espagne identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre de la Transformation numérique et de la Fonction publique, S.E. Oscar López Águeda. - Chine - Intervenant pour la Chine identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre de l’Industrie et des Technologies de l’information, S.E. Li Lecheng. La Chine a proposé une Global AI Governance Initiative et soutient une gouvernance de l’IA centrée sur l’ONU [S16]. - Cambodge - Intervenant pour le Cambodge identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre de la Poste et des Télécommunications, S.E. Chea Vandeth. - Suisse - Intervenant pour la Suisse identifié dans la transcription comme le Conseiller fédéral et chef du Département fédéral de l’environnement, des transports, de l’énergie et de la communication, Albert Rösti. - France - Intervenante pour la France identifiée dans la transcription comme la ministre déléguée à l’Intelligence artificielle et au numérique, Anne Le Hénanff. La France est un acteur majeur du numérique et de l’IA en Europe, avec de solides infrastructures, une forte cybersécurité et d’importants investissements dans l’IA [S20]. - Botswana - Intervenant pour le Botswana identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre des Communications et de l’Innovation, S.E. David Tshere. - Ouzbékistan - Intervenant pour l’Ouzbékistan identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre des Technologies numériques, S.E. Sherzod Shermatov. L’Ouzbékistan a renforcé l’administration électronique et les capacités numériques, avec des progrès mesurables dans les services en ligne et le capital humain [S28]. - Kenya - Intervenant pour le Kenya identifié dans la transcription comme le Secrétaire du cabinet pour l'Information, la communication et l'économie numérique S.E. William Kabogo Gitau. - Guatemala - Intervenant pour le Guatemala identifié dans la transcription comme le Secrétaire à la planification et à la programmation de la Présidence, Carlos Mendoza Alvarado. - Liban - Intervenant pour le Liban identifié dans la transcription comme le ministre d’État à la Technologie et à l’IA, S.E. Kamal Shehadi. - Tanzanie - Intervenante pour la Tanzanie identifiée dans la transcription comme la ministre de la Communication et des Technologies de l’information, S.E. Angellah Kairuki. - Participants - Participants intervenant librement dans le segment multipartite, y compris des voix issues de la société civile, des gouvernements locaux, de la technologie et de la recherche. Intervenants supplémentaires : - Président de l'Assemblée générale - Invité à remonter à la tribune au début du segment ; non nommé séparément dans l’extrait de transcription. - UNSG - Secrétaire général des Nations Unies ; invité à remonter à la tribune au début du segment ; non nommé séparément dans l’extrait de transcription. - ITUSG - Secrétaire général de l’UIT ; invité à remonter à la tribune au début du segment ; non nommé séparément dans l’extrait de transcription. - Directrice-générale UNESCO - Invitée à remonter à la tribune au début du segment ; non nommée séparément dans l’extrait de transcription. - Envoyé spécial pour la technologie - Invité à remonter à la tribune au début du segment ; non nommé séparément dans l’extrait de transcription. - Gabriela Gonzalez - Représentante permanente de l’Uruguay ; a prononcé la déclaration au nom du Groupe des 77 et de la Chine. - Eunice Luambia - Représentante permanente de la Zambie ; a prononcé la déclaration au nom du Groupe d’amis pour la coopération internationale en matière de renforcement des capacités en IA. - Felix Ulloa - Vice-Président de la République d’El Salvador ; a prononcé la déclaration d’El Salvador. - Mikheil Kavelashvili - Président de la Géorgie ; a prononcé la déclaration de la Géorgie. - Mohamed al-Menfi - Président du Conseil présidentiel de Libye [S86]. - Luc Frieden - Premier ministre du Luxembourg. - Russell Dlamini - Premier ministre de l’Eswatini. - Krzysztof Gawkowski - Vice-Premier ministre et ministre des Affaires numériques de Pologne. - Zhaslan Madiyev - Vice-Premier ministre et ministre de l’Intelligence artificielle et du Développement numérique du Kazakhstan. - Nthomeng Majara - Vice-Première ministre du Lesotho. - Constant-Serge Bounda - Ministre des Affaires étrangères, de la Francophonie et des Congolais de l’étranger du Congo. - Abdullah Alswaha - Ministre des Communications et des Technologies de l’information de l’Arabie saoudite. - Gonçalo Matias - Ministre auprès du Cabinet du Premier ministre et de la Réforme de l’État du Portugal. - Mohammed bin Ali Al Mannai - Ministre des Communications et des Technologies de l’information du Qatar. - Sid Ali Zerrouki - Ministre de la Poste et des Télécommunications de l’Algérie. - Omar Al-Olama - Ministre d’État à l’Intelligence artificielle, à l’Économie numérique et aux Applications du travail à distance des Émirats arabes unis. - Paula Bogantes Zamora - Ministre de la Science, de l’Innovation, de la Technologie et des Télécommunications du Costa Rica. - Oscar López Águeda - Ministre de la Transformation numérique et de la Fonction publique de l’Espagne. - Li Lecheng - Ministre de l’Industrie et des Technologies de l’information de la Chine. - Chea Vandeth - Ministre de la Poste et des Télécommunications du Cambodge. - Albert Rösti - Conseiller fédéral et chef du Département fédéral de l’environnement, des transports, de l’énergie et de la communication de la Suisse. - Anne Le Hénanff - Ministre déléguée à l’Intelligence artificielle et au Numérique de la France. - David Tshere - Ministre des Communications et de l’Innovation du Botswana. - Sherzod Shermatov - Ministre des Technologies numériques de l’Ouzbékistan. - William Kabogo Gitau - Secrétaire du cabinet pour l'Information, la communication et l'économie numérique du Kenya. - Carlos Mendoza Alvarado - Secrétaire à la planification et à la programmation de la Présidence du Guatemala. - Kamal Shehadi - Ministre d’État à la Technologie et à l’IA du Liban. - Angellah Kairuki - Ministre de la Communication et des Technologies de l’information de la République-Unie de Tanzanie. - Luisa Franco Machado - Participante de la société civile menée par les jeunes ; s’est présentée comme dirigeant Equilabs, une organisation à but non lucratif dirigée par des jeunes. - András Cerenyi - Participant du Global Cities Hub ; a indiqué travailler à la mise en relation des gouvernements locaux avec les organisations internationales. - Aziz Abakirov - Participant du High Technology Park du Kirghizistan. - Kamlesh Laradee - Participante ; experte en transformation des entreprises et des technologies ; a déclaré être spécialisée dans la gouvernance cognitive pour l’utilisation de l’IA dans les entreprises. - Whitney Baird - Présentée à la fin comme la modératrice de la prochaine table ronde ; Présidente-directrice-générale du United States Council for International Businesses.

Intervenants
E
Estonia
98 wpm · 4 min
ES
El Salvador
122 wpm · 5 min
G
Georgia
108 wpm · 4 min
L
Luxembourg
116 wpm · 4 min
E
Eswatini
101 wpm · 5 min
P
Poland
92 wpm · 3 min
K
Kazakhstan
125 wpm · 4 min
L
Lesotho
107 wpm · 5 min
Q
Qatar
104 wpm · 2 min
A
Algeria
116 wpm · 3 min
S
Switzerland
123 wpm · 3 min
C
Congo
110 wpm · 3 min
G
Guatemala
93 wpm · 3 min
UA
United Arab Emirates
163 wpm · 3 min
S
Spain
141 wpm · 3 min
C
China
127 wpm · 3 min
C
Cambodia
105 wpm · 3 min
P
Participant
136 wpm · 11 min
L
Libya
123 wpm · 4 min
UO
Uruguay/group of G77 and China
140 wpm · 5 min
ZO
Zambia/Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building
122 wpm · 5 min
SA
Saudi Arabia
110 wpm · 3 min
CR
Costa Rica
113 wpm · 3 min
K
Kenya
119 wpm · 3 min
B
Botswana
109 wpm · 3 min
T
Tanzania
127 wpm · 3 min
U
Uzbekistan
131 wpm · 3 min
L
Lebanon
136 wpm · 3 min
P
Portugal
124 wpm · 3 min
F
France
127 wpm · 3 min
HA
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
111 wpm · 9 min
HA
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
99 wpm · 9 min

La session s’est ouverte avec l’Ambassadeur Rein Tammsaar lançant la séance plénière gouvernementale de haut niveau de l’ONU sur la gouvernance de l’IA, à la suite de la présentation du rapport préliminaire par le panel scientifique. Il a exposé les règles de procédure, notamment des limites de temps de parole strictes, des chronomètres visibles et une coupure automatique du microphone, avant d’inviter le premier intervenant. Plus tard, l’Ambassadrice Egriselda López et l’Ambassadeur Rein Tammsaar se sont relayés pour présider les interventions.

Après les déclarations gouvernementales du matin, l’Ambassadeur rein Tammsaar a annoncé que la liste des orateurs se poursuivrait le lendemain, a invité les délégations à soumettre leurs déclarations par courriel, et a fait passer la réunion à un segment multipartite plus court. L’Ambassadrice Egriselda López a ensuite donné des orientations procédurales distinctes pour cet échange, notamment sur la manière de demander la parole et sur la même limite de trois minutes avec coupure automatique du microphone, avant une table ronde modérée ultérieure.

Un thème dominant des déclarations gouvernementales était que la gouvernance de l’IA doit être centrée sur l’humain, fondée sur les droits et assortie de mécanismes de responsabilité. La déclaration nationale d’ouverture de l’Estonie a soutenu que l’IA doit créer de la valeur pour les personnes, renforcer l’efficacité et la résilience tout en restant ancrée dans la démocratie et l’État de droit, et être gouvernée selon des principes de conception centrée sur l’humain, de fiabilité, d’explicabilité, de responsabilité, de sécurité et d’innovation.

L’Estonie a relié ces principes à des bénéfices concrets, affirmant que l’IA devrait aider les médecins à passer plus de temps avec les patients, permettre aux enseignants de mieux accompagner les apprenants, encourager l’entrepreneuriat et réduire la bureaucratie.Elle a également présenté une large alphabétisation à l’IA comme une question d’égalité, en insistant sur le fait que si l’IA transforme chaque secteur, chacun doit avoir la possibilité de la comprendre.El Salvador a lui aussi décrit l’IA comme transformatrice dans les domaines de la santé, de l’éducation, de l’agriculture, de l’industrie, de la sécurité, de la justice et de l’administration, mais a déclaré que la gouvernance doit instaurer la confiance par la transparence, la sécurité, le respect des droits humains et une relation forte avec le public.Il a souligné que l’IA peut améliorer les services publics et l’administration de la justice, mais ne peut remplacer la responsabilité, le jugement humain et la supervision dans les décisions affectant les droits fondamentaux et les garanties.Le Luxembourg a de même soutenu que le multilatéralisme est essentiel pour garantir que l’IA se développe de manière sûre, fiable et centrée sur l’humain, et a déclaré que, dans les usages militaires, le jugement humain et la responsabilité ne doivent jamais être abandonnés dans les décisions de vie ou de mort ; lorsque les principes volontaires sont insuffisants, a-t-il ajouté, la communauté internationale devrait être prête à établir des règles contraignantes.L’Eswatini a défendu une position comparable en faveur de cadres juridiques et de gouvernance opposables aux niveaux national et supranational, avec des règles vérifiables, des recours, une responsabilité attribuée et une coopération transfrontalière, tout en avertissant que les enfants doivent être protégés contre la manipulation, le profilage préjudiciable et le façonnement prématuré de leur identité par des systèmes qu’ils ne peuvent comprendre, et en insistant sur le fait qu’« aucune société ne devrait externaliser l’apprentissage de l’enfance ou la formation morale aux machines ».La Pologne, le Lesotho, la Suisse et la France ont repris ces thèmes dans des langages institutionnels différents, en mettant l’accent sur la sécurité, la vie privée, la responsabilité, les recours, les droits humains et une gouvernance inclusive.

Plusieurs intervenants ont élargi ce cadre en mettant en garde contre des risques démocratiques et civilisationnels plus vastes. La Géorgie a décrit l’IA non pas simplement comme un outil technique mais comme une « force autonome » capable de prendre des décisions, de générer des idées et de produire des récits influents.La Géorgie a averti que les mésusages pourraient déformer les perceptions de la réalité et alimenter l’instabilité, et a plaidé pour une architecture juridique internationale robuste capable de prévenir la tyrannie numérique et de garantir que l’IA serve le bien-être, la sécurité et la stabilité.L’Espagne a de même averti que l’IA multiplie rapidement les cyberrisques, les risques biologiques, démocratiques et sécuritaires, et a soutenu que les gouvernements ne disposent que d’une fenêtre étroite pour la réorienter vers des biens publics tels que les vaccins, l’égalité de genre, l’action climatique et la réduction des inégalités Nord-Sud.L’Espagne a déclaré que l’IA doit être « un outil majoritaire, et non une arme exclusive » et a lié cette question à la défense des droits humains contre le « techno-fascisme ».La Suisse, s’exprimant également au nom de la Freedom Online Coalition, a mis en garde contre la surveillance abusive, la désinformation et l’affaiblissement de la démocratie.Un deuxième thème majeur était la fracture mondiale de l’IA. La Libye s’est exprimée d’une perspective africaine et a fait référence à une position africaine unifiée, soutenant que l’écart en matière d’IA n’est pas seulement une fracture numérique mais aussi une fracture en matière d’emplois, d’usages et de capacités à exploiter le potentiel de l’IA.Elle a souligné que l’Afrique compte 1,4 milliard d’habitants mais moins de 2 pour cent des centres de données mondiaux et encore moins de brevets en IA, et a affirmé que cela reflète une répartition inéquitable des ressources et des opportunités.La Libye s’est également opposée à un modèle dans lequel les données africaines sont exploitées sans que les Africains en bénéficient, et a relié cette question aux contraintes de financement, aux coûts des infrastructures, au manque de chercheurs et au fardeau environnemental des centres de données.Le Lesotho a présenté le même défi comme une question de participation effective, en soutenant que les petits États et les États en développement ont besoin d’investissements dans le capital humain, les institutions, les systèmes de données et l’infrastructure numérique afin de participer au développement, à la gouvernance et à l’application de l’IA.Il a identifié quatre priorités : le renforcement des capacités, l’ouverture, une infrastructure publique numérique interopérable, et une gouvernance sectorielle fondée sur les risques. Il a aussi proposé un cadre pour rendre les données fragmentées et non structurées « prêtes pour l’IA ».Les déclarations de groupe ont renforcé cette perspective centrée sur le développement. Le représentant de l’Uruguay, s’exprimant au nom du G77 et de la Chine, a déclaré que le rapport scientifique préliminaire confirmait que les capacités en IA, la puissance de calcul, les ressources de données, les modèles et l’expertise technique restent fortement concentrés, et que pour les pays en développement, l’IA est avant tout une question de développement.Le groupe a soutenu que la gouvernance ne peut réussir si elle est façonnée uniquement par ceux qui possèdent déjà des capacités technologiques avancées, et que la prochaine fracture de l’IA concernera de plus en plus la capacité à façonner, développer, gouverner et adapter la technologie, et non pas seulement à y accéder.Il a donc appelé à des résultats concrets en matière de renforcement des capacités, d’institutions, d’universités, de centres de recherche, d’autorités de régulation, d’administration publique, de transfert de technologie, d’infrastructure numérique et de coopération Sud-Sud, tout en renvoyant également au prochain rapport du Secrétaire général sur les options de financement.La Zambie, au nom du Groupe d'amis pour la coopération internationale sur le renforcement des capacités en intelligence artificielle, a de même mis l’accent sur l’égalité, la souveraineté et la non-discrimination, appelant à l’interopérabilité, aux logiciels open-source, aux modèles ouverts, à un accès non discriminatoire aux données, à des outils partagés d’évaluation des risques et à un soutien concret aux pays en développement pour construire des centres de données, des installations de calcul et des réseaux à haut débit.Le Kenya et le Costa Rica ont précisé ce point au niveau national. Le Kenya a déclaré que la fracture se fait sentir dans la puissance de calcul, les données et la langue, et a averti que si les tendances actuelles se poursuivent, les pays du Sud global resteront des consommateurs de technologies qu’ils n’ont pas contribué à façonner tout en supportant des risques qu’ils n’ont pas créés.Le Costa Rica a fourni l’une des formulations les plus claires de la question en affirmant que « l’accès seul n’est pas l’inclusion ».Il a soutenu qu’une inclusion véritable exige une capacité de prise de décision, une adaptation locale, une gouvernance stratégique des données, une capacité d’évaluation des risques, une influence sur les normes et une part équitable de la valeur économique et publique, et a averti que l’interopérabilité ne doit pas contraindre tous les pays à adopter les mêmes lois, institutions ou modèles réglementaires.La Tanzanie, le Botswana, l’Ouzbékistan et le Liban ont renforcé ce même point général en insistant sur l’infrastructure, les compétences, les institutions publiques et le renforcement des capacités comme conditions préalables pour tirer parti de l’IA.

Un troisième grand domaine de convergence était l’importance de la coopération internationale et du système des Nations Unies. L’Estonie a déclaré que l’avenir de la gouvernance de l’IA devrait être ouvert, démocratique et pratique, fondé sur des règles interopérables, des normes partagées et la coopération entre partenaires démocratiques.El Salvador a appelé à un renforcement de la coopération internationale pour combler les fractures numériques, partager les bonnes pratiques, développer les capacités techniques et prévenir l’exclusion des bénéfices de l’IA.La Géorgie a soutenu que seul un niveau qualitativement nouveau de coopération internationale peut garantir un avenir numérique ouvert, libre et inclusif, et a mis spécifiquement en avant la mise en œuvre du Pacte numérique mondial.Le Luxembourg, l’Algérie, les Émirats arabes unis, la Suisse et la Chine ont tous identifié le multilatéralisme et l’ONU comme des canaux essentiels de la gouvernance de l’IA.

Plusieurs de ces interventions ont ajouté des points conceptuels distinctifs. L’Algérie a identifié trois préoccupations : l’élargissement de l’écart technologique, la fragmentation des efforts internationaux, et l’impact pratique limité des principes existants en l’absence de mécanismes et de progrès mesurables ; sur cette base, elle a décrit l’ONU comme la plateforme la plus légitime et la plus inclusive pour la gouvernance.Les Émirats arabes unis ont soutenu qu’éviter la tyrannie numérique exige une séparation des pouvoirs, une décentralisation, des institutions fortes telles que l’ONU, et la protection des personnes.La Chine a déclaré que la gouvernance de l’IA concerne l’avenir de l’humanité et constitue une tâche partagée par tous les pays, a réaffirmé son soutien à l’ONU comme principal canal de la gouvernance mondiale de l’IA, et a proposé une IA pour tous les pays quels que soient leur taille ou leur système, une IA open-source comme bien commun de l’humanité, et une gouvernance mondiale qui équilibre développement et sécurité.La Chine a également relié cela à l’examen éthique technique, à ses plans d’action pour le renforcement des capacités et la gouvernance de l’IA, et a invité les participants à la World AI Conference et aux réunions de haut niveau sur la gouvernance mondiale de l’IA à Shanghai.Le Cambodge a ajouté que la gouvernance de l’IA devrait être fondée sur les risques, réactive, tournée vers l’avenir et proactive, et que le secteur privé, le monde universitaire, la société civile et les citoyens devraient être traités comme des partenaires plutôt que simplement comme des sujets de régulation.Dans ce cadre international, de nombreuses délégations ont soutenu l’ouverture et le partage des ressources techniques comme éléments de l’inclusion. Le Lesotho a soutenu que les logiciels open-source, les données ouvertes, les normes ouvertes et les modèles ouverts peuvent réduire la dépendance, abaisser les coûts et favoriser l’innovation locale.Le Qatar a souligné la nécessité de combler les fractures en matière de calcul, de puissance des données, de compétences et de modèles ; il a appelé à des modèles sûrs et sécurisés, à l’interopérabilité entre les structures de gouvernance, et au respect des droits humains et du droit international ; et a annoncé une prochaine initiative mondiale sur l’IA ainsi qu’une coalition sous la direction du Qatar.La France a inscrit les modèles open-source parmi ses priorités de gouvernance, affirmant qu’ils peuvent démocratiser l’accès à cette « nouvelle énergie ».L’Ouzbékistan a également soutenu le partage de modèles open-source pour améliorer l’éducation et la santé.La Chine a de même présenté ses propres modèles open-source comme réduisant les barrières et les coûts.Un autre fil conducteur fort concernait l’inclusion culturelle, linguistique et locale. Le Luxembourg a averti que des normes communes ne doivent pas signifier uniformité et que l’IA devrait refléter la diversité des langues, des cultures et des sociétés plutôt que rendre le monde uniforme.L’Eswatini a déclaré que les outils, les données et les trajectoires de l’IA doivent être imprégnés de sensibilité culturelle et de respect pour les différentes traditions normatives, langues et contextes sociaux, en particulier pour les petits États en développement.Le Portugal a directement lié la langue à la souveraineté, en mettant en avant son modèle ouvert en langue portugaise « Amalia » comme moyen pour près de 300 millions de lusophones de construire des solutions d’IA dans leur propre langue.La France a identifié le multilinguisme comme une priorité centrale de gouvernance.Le Kenya a averti que de nombreux systèmes ne reflètent pas les langues, les données ou le contexte africains.Le Guatemala a souligné qu’une IA inclusive doit intégrer progressivement les langues autochtones, respecter les savoirs ancestraux et communautaires, et éviter les biais qui rendent les peuples et les territoires invisibles ; selon ses termes, l’inclusion numérique doit aussi être une inclusion culturelle, linguistique et territoriale.De nombreux États ont également utilisé la plénière pour mettre en avant leur mise en œuvre nationale. El Salvador a souligné sa loi sur la promotion de l’intelligence artificielle et de la technologie, ainsi que la création d’une agence nationale de l’intelligence artificielle destinée à équilibrer innovation, gestion des risques, protection des données et confiance du public.Le Kazakhstan a présenté l’un des aperçus nationaux les plus détaillés, comprenant des garanties constitutionnelles des droits numériques, des lois sur l’IA et la cybersécurité, une stratégie Digital Kazakhstan, de vastes services publics en ligne, l’extension du haut débit dans les villages, un corridor de fibre optique transcaspien, d’importants clusters de supercalculateurs, un projet de « vallée de centres de données IA » et l’intégration de l’IA dans l’ensemble du système éducatif, y compris une nouvelle université de recherche en IA.Le Portugal a mis l’accent sur ce qu’il a appelé l’« État agentique » : une IA au service des citoyens, accélérant les décisions et anticipant les besoins dans des conditions responsables, éthiques et centrées sur l’humain.Il a décrit l’utilisation de l’IA dans les licences, les marchés publics, la santé, la réponse aux crises et les jumeaux numériques de l’administration publique, et a également mis en avant des gigafactories d’IA conjointes avec l’Espagne et le modèle en langue portugaise « Amalia ».Le Kenya a mis en avant sa stratégie nationale sur l’IA 2025-2030, la plateforme e-Citizen offrant 22 000 services publics à 13 millions de personnes, un nouveau cadre d’interopérabilité pour les systèmes publics, et des plans visant à former 20 000 agents publics à la gouvernance de l’IA grâce à un cours de l’UNESCO et d’Oxford.La Tanzanie a décrit des cadres de gouvernance, un renforcement de la gouvernance des données, de la protection de la vie privée et de la cybersécurité, des lignes directrices nationales sur l’IA pour l’éducation, un cadre de politique d’IA pour la santé, l’extension du backbone haut débit et un travail régional à travers l’UA, la CAE et la SADC.Le Liban a mis en avant un Programme national de renforcement des capacités numériques et en IA, une réforme des programmes, du mentorat de la diaspora, une préparation à la gouvernance, une cyberpréparation et une préparation des données visant la souveraineté numérique et de l’IA, qu’il a définie non pas comme un isolement mais comme une capacité et un choix.Le Botswana a ajouté que le processus devrait déboucher sur des solutions pratiques et des recommandations opérationnelles, et pas seulement sur des principes généraux.Les intervenants ont varié leurs accents, certains le mettant sur le contrôle des risques et d’autres sur un déploiement rapide et responsable. L’Estonie a souligné que la cybersécurité est fondamentale et a déclaré que les systèmes d’IA doivent être protégés contre les mésusages, la manipulation, les cyberattaques et les perturbations.La Pologne a évoqué la désinformation et les usages abusifs nuisibles.Le Congo a présenté l’éthique, la sécurité, la protection des données, la désinformation et l’exclusion comme des défis centraux.La France et la Libye ont relié l’infrastructure de l’IA aux charges environnementales et à l’utilisation de l’énergie.

L’Arabie saoudite, dans une lecture géopolitique, a déclaré que « 90% de la puissance de calcul aujourd’hui ainsi que des propriété intellectuelles en matière d’IA » sont détenus par seulement deux pays, et s’est demandé si cela était acceptable pour les plus de 190 États membres de l’ONU.Elle a soutenu que l’IA devrait être traitée comme une nécessité existentielle pour les peuples, la planète et la prospérité, et a présenté l’Arabie saoudite comme un partenaire pour réduire l’écart de capacités.À l’inverse, le Portugal, le Kazakhstan, le Botswana et la Tanzanie ont davantage mis l’accent sur un déploiement responsable dans l’administration publique et les secteurs du développement.

Le segment multipartite ultérieur a modifié le ton, passant d’un consensus diplomatique à une critique plus directe. Luisa Franco Machado d’Equilabs a soutenu que la « protection » des jeunes est devenue le langage dominant dans les espaces de gouvernance de l’IA, mais que beaucoup moins d’efforts sont consacrés à comprendre comment les jeunes vivent réellement l’IA ou quelles formes de gouvernance ils souhaitent.Après avoir demandé à ceux de moins de 30 ans de se lever, elle a observé qu’il y en avait très peu dans la salle, malgré les affirmations selon lesquelles les politiques sont élaborées pour les jeunes générations.Elle a déclaré que de nombreux jeunes sont de plus en plus sceptiques à l’égard de l’IA, a critiqué une gouvernance qui se concentre sur la relation des jeunes à la technologie plutôt que sur la relation des entreprises technologiques au pouvoir, et a soutenu que les gouvernements aggravent trop souvent la dépendance envers les mêmes entreprises qu’ils sont censés réglementer au moyen de contrats importants.András Cerenyi du Global Cities Hub a de même soutenu que les gouvernements locaux et régionaux sont souvent négligés alors même que l’IA est mise en œuvre localement et que nombre de ses impacts y sont supportés.Il a déclaré que les villes produisent une grande partie des données utilisées par les systèmes d’IA, subissent les impacts environnementaux des centres de données, et gèrent de nombreuses implications locales en matière de droits humains liées au déploiement.Il a recommandé que l’IA améliore la qualité de vie plutôt que de simplement optimiser l’efficacité, que la gouvernance soit conçue pour la résilience plutôt que pour la seule optimisation, et que les autorités locales et régionales soient reconnues comme des « gouverneurs et non seulement des exécutants ».L’Ambassadrice Egriselda López a répondu que le processus avait visé à être aussi inclusif que possible tout en reconnaissant la nécessité d’élargir davantage la participation.Deux autres interventions de parties prenantes ont introduit des questions largement absentes des déclarations des États. Aziz Abakirov du High Technology Park du Kirghizistan a déclaré que si une langue est absente des données d’entraînement de l’IA, elle est absente de l’avenir.Il a présenté un modèle open-source de synthèse vocale conçu pour les langues sous-représentées et a présenté « Small Nations AI Powerhouses », une alliance destinée à mettre en commun données, infrastructures et expertise entre États de plus petite taille.Kamlesh Laradee a avancé l’idée de « gouvernance cognitive », en rendant compte d’une étude menée sur le lieu de travail fondée sur les neurosciences qui a constaté un biais de familiarité accru, une vigilance réduite et une dérive de l’attention lorsque les personnes utilisent l’IA, alors même que la littératie à l'IA augmente.Elle a soutenu que les cadres de gouvernance supposent souvent que la supervision humaine détectera les erreurs de l’IA, mais que l’IA peut elle-même éroder les conditions cognitives nécessaires pour que cette supervision fonctionne efficacement.Dans l’ensemble, les intervenants ont convergé sur la nécessité d’une IA centrée sur l’humain et respectueuse des droits, d’une coopération internationale renforcée sous l’égide de l’ONU, et d’un soutien concret aux pays en développement en matière d’infrastructures, de compétences, d’institutions et de participation aux normes et à la gouvernance.

Les tensions restantes portaient sur la question de savoir si des principes volontaires suffisent dans les domaines à haut risque, sur la manière dont l’ouverture se rapporte à la souveraineté et à la captation de valeur, sur la façon de poursuivre l’interopérabilité sans uniformité, et sur le point de savoir si les processus de gouvernance existants sont suffisamment inclusifs à l’égard des jeunes, des autorités locales et des communautés linguistiques plus petites.

La représentante de l’Uruguay, s’exprimant au nom du G77 et de la Chine, a déclaré que la communauté internationale avait déjà posé les bases d’une architecture émergente de l’ONU pour la gouvernance de l’IA.La clôture procédurale de cette session, toutefois, a simplement été que la liste des orateurs gouvernementaux se poursuivrait le lendemain, que les délégations pourraient soumettre des déclarations écrites par courriel, et que la réunion passerait à la table ronde multipartite.

H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
Thank you, scientific panel co -chairs, and we extend our sincere appreciation to you and members of the AI panel for presenting this important preliminary report. We now turn from scientific assessment to the perspectives of member states. The next segment of our program, the high -level governmental plenary segment, provides an opportunity for the United Nations and for governments to share national... and regional experiences, priorities, best practices, and approaches to AI governance, while also reflecting on expectations for international cooperation. Before we begin, may we invite back to the podium the UNSG, PGA, the ITUSG, the UNESCO Director General, and the Tech Envoy. So, allow me to briefly outline the format of this session based on guidance received from the UN Department for General Assembly and Conference Management. Statements will be delivered on the basis of a speaker's list established through inscription. Any changes in delegations may be notified to the Secretariat. Thank you. during the meeting through the protocol officers present in the room. You are all invited to speak from the lecterns. Speaking time will be limited to three minutes for individual member states' interventions and five minutes for heads of states and government, deputy ministers, vice presidents and representatives delivering statements on behalf of original groups or other groupings. A timer has been set and is visible on the screens as well as on the lecterns. We kindly encourage all intervenants to respect the allocated time so that the largest possible number of delegations may be accommodated during this segment. To ensure the fairness and allow broad participation, microphones will be automatically switched off once the allocated speaking time has expired. We therefore respectfully request intervenants to conclude their remarks within the prescribed time limits. With that... we are pleased to open the high -level governmental plenary segment on harnessing the benefits of AI for all through inclusive and interoperable approaches. We will now proceed directly to the intervenants' list. I invite our first speaker, President of the Estonian Republic, Mr. Alar Karis. You have a floor.
Estonia
Honourable leaders, excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen. Estonia's digital story has always been about more than technology. It has been about trust. between citizens and the state in services that work, in protected data and innovation that strengthens freedom. Artificial intelligence brings us to a new stage. Estonia's message is simple. AI must create value for people. It should make societies more efficient, resilient, human -centered and innovative, while remaining anchored in democracy and the rule of law. Let me expand on these core values. First, AI must be human -centered. Technology must serve people, businesses and society. It should help doctors spend time more with patients, enable teachers to support the development of new technologies and encourage every learner allow entrepreneurs to create higher value products and help public servants reduce bureaucracy. Second, AI must be trustworthy. People need to know when AI is being used, how data is handled and who remains responsible for decisions. Where rights and opportunities are affected, AI -supported decisions must be explainable and accountable. Third, AI governance must protect democracy and the rule of law. AI should strengthen public trust, not weaken it. Fourth, AI must be secure and resilient by design. Estonia's experience as a digital state, has taught us that cybersecurity is a foundation. AI systems must be protected. against misuse, manipulation, cyber attacks and disruption. In a world where digital systems are part of national security, resilience is a democratic value. And fifth, AI governance must enable innovation. Regulation is necessary, but it must also allow useful and responsible AI to grow in healthcare, education, business and public services. Estonia is putting these principles into practice through est .ai, or Estonia .ai, which helps apply AI to add value to people's work and the economy. And through AI Leap, which prepares schools for the age of artificial intelligence. AI Leap gives students... and teaches access to AI -based learning tools. and helps them to use these tools critically, creatively and responsibly. The national initiative supports students and teachers to use AI for meaningful learning instead of offloading their thinking effort. This is also a question of equality. If AI changes every sector of society, then every person must have the chance to understand it. AI literacy must reach society widely, from schools to workplace and public institutions. The future of AI governance should be open, democratic and practical. We need interoperable rules, shared standards and cooperation among democratic partners. Thank you. The global task is to build trustworthy AI that strengthens free... societies. Thank you very much for your attention. Thank you very much.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I now have the distinguished honor to give the floor to the Vice President of the Republic of El Salvador, His Excellency Felix Ulloa.
El Salvador
President of the General Assembly, Secretary General, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, this dialogue is an historic opportunity in the multilateral sphere to address one of the most relevant transformations of our time. One which is setting the course for our nations. The transformative capacity of artificial intelligence in health, education, agriculture, industry, security, justice and public administration is opening up unprecedented opportunities to strengthen public services, to boost productivity and to improve the quality of life for millions of people. For this reason, we must place AI at the service of the common good and the development of our peoples. However, any disruptive innovation requires responsible governance. Our challenge is not one of slowing technological progress, but rather of building frameworks of trust, which will allow AI to develop with transparency, security, respect for human rights and a deep relationship with the public. For this reason, we must place AI at the service of the common good and the development of our peoples. El Salvador seeks to actively participate in the knowledge economy. to develop our national capacities and contribute to building solutions which respond to our own realities. From this conviction, we have decided to place ourselves as an builder of our own model of governance. El Salvador has developed a normative ecosystem for AI, which includes the Artificial Intelligence and Technology Promotion Act, one of the first of its kind in Latin America. It adopts an approach which seeks to balance the promotion of innovation with responsible risk management, the protection of personal data, and the building of trust among citizens. On the basis of this framework, we established our National Artificial Intelligence Agency as the guiding governing body in this area. With this agency, we are seeking to ensure that AI is a fundamental part of the global community, does not progress in a disparate way, but rather with strategic direction, clear rules and a pro -innovation vision. For us, this is the value of having a specialised institution, converting governance in practical capacity to innovate, to attract opportunities and to apply technologies in a way that they serve people. The institutional commitment of El Salvador to responsible AI is not limited to the legislative and the executive. It is also reflected in relevant legal rulings on the responsible use of AI in the public sector and in the administration of justice. This jurisprudence reiterates an essential principle that El Salvador defends in forums such as this. AI can... AI can strengthen the effectiveness and quality of public services, but it cannot replace responsibility. human judgment and oversight in decisions that affect fundamental rights and guarantees our experience shows that governance and innovation are not counterposed objectives on the contrary smart regulation robust institutions and a strategic vision build trust, attract investment and promote economic and social development for these reasons we consider it is essential to strengthen international cooperation, to bridge the digital divide to share good practices to develop technical capacity and to ensure that no country remains excluded from the benefits of AI President AI governance will progress best if used to facilitate interoperability trust and practical cooperation between states, the private sector academia, civil society and international organisations. Internationally, our country has reiterated its commitment to open, responsible and innovation -oriented governance by way of its recent incorporation into the Pax Silica Initiative and its signing of the Joint Declaration on the Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence. This is compounded by national advances with three principles guiding our vision. Innovation, trust and international cooperation. The very foundation of effective governance which can generate prosperity. Thank you very much to you all and have a very good day.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much, Vice President. We now welcome the President of Georgia, His Excellency Mikheil Kavelashvili.
Georgia
General, Madam President, distinguished colleagues, ladies and gentlemen, the pace of technological progress today is unprecedented in human history. The rapid development of artificial intelligence has fundamental impact on all three pillars of the United Nations work, peace and security, human rights, and sustainable development. In artificial intelligence, we are dealing not merely with a new technical instrument, but with an autonomous force that, for the first time in human history, is capable of making decisions independently, generating new ideas. And producing influential narratives. The misused... or bad faith use of this technology may distort perceptions of reality to such an extent as to trigger global instability. Language and culture are the foundation of our civilization. If artificial intelligence causes us to lose control over them, the very essence of humanity and the future of humankind will be placed at risk. We must clearly recognize the political nature of the artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is, by its very nature, a centralized technology. The creation of advanced models requires the mobilization of colossal financial resources, computational capacities, and large -scale data. This unprecedented Concentration of power must not become an instrument of totalitarian control and new digital tyranny that infringes upon national sovereignty and individual liberty. It is our shared responsibility to create a robust international legal architecture that will balance concentrated power, avert geopolitical chaos, and ensure that this immense resource serves the welfare, security, and stability of all mankind rather than the domination of individual actors. Placing artificial intelligence at the service of the world. The goals of the future generation and effectively preventing existential risks are decisive for shaping a secure, inclusive, and sustainable digital future. Our foremost task is to align these digital systems with human values. so that artificial intelligence becomes a catalyst for the expansion of human potential, innovation, and the progress of humankind. Artificial intelligence must become an instrument for understanding the world and achieving major scientific breakthroughs, one capable of transforming medicine, biology, and quantum physics, overcoming diseases that have until now been incurable, eradicating poverty, effectively responding to climate challenges, and addressing the most complex philosophical questions confronting humankind. Artificial intelligence must be humanity's partner in uncovering the mysteries of the universe. To achieve these objectives, it is essential to elevate international cooperation to a qualitatively new level. We must lay the foundation for an open, free, secure, and inclusive digital future that will reliably protect human dignity and fundamental rights, both in physical and virtual spaces. In this context, the effective implementation of the United Nations Global Digital Compact is of particular importance. I am pleased to have the opportunity on behalf of Georgia to participate in the first global dialogue on artificial intelligence of such scale and significance. Today, Forum is a clear and promising example of precisely this global effort. I wish the participants of the Forum productive work. Thank you very much for your attention. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much, President Kavelashvili. We now wish a warm welcome to the President of the Presidential Council of Libya, His Excellency Mohamed al-Menfi Thank you.
Libya
Thank you. I extend the greetings of Libya corridor of North Africa to make our contribution with regard to the possibilities offered by this new promising and transformative technology allow me to convey the aspirations and views of an African country through a unified African position this dialogue is an international dialogue seeking to lay the foundations for the use of a transformative technology which could change all of our lives avoiding reproducing the errors of the past when we left half of humanity outside of technology today many African countries are seeing situations of insecurity or conflict which would not allow them to take their place on the international stage. We understand that such circumstances exist, but African people have the right to lift this injustice and to change that situation. This is why we today are making our voice heard, so that we can have due influence on the different aspects of AI, whether in ethics or in technology. When we speak about an AI gap, we are not only speaking about a digital divide, we are speaking about a divide in terms of employment, jobs, and use. We are also talking about a divide in terms of the ability to harness the potential of AI. The African continent represents 1 .4 billion people, or 10 % of the global population. We have a very large population, and we are talking about a divide in terms of the ability to harness the potential of AI. We are also talking about a divide in terms of the ability to harness the potential of AI. We have fewer than 2 % of global data centres. We have even fewer patents in terms of AI. These are not simple statistics. These numbers have a direct impact on the lives of African citizens and the citizens of the global south. This is evidence of inequitable distribution of resources and of possibilities. Coming out of bad will in terms of the sharing of resources, benefits and technology. Within NEPAD, we have adopted five principles. First of all, in terms of distribution, AI cannot be a legitimate resource if African countries cannot make use of it. Today, we are calling. For the ability to ensure effective participation in the guiding principles and rules and their design, where they will govern our future. Secondly, with regard to the digital divide. This divide is not fatalistic. It is the result of several circumstances. Impossibility of having the final product of AI. Impossibility of financing digital infrastructure in our countries at the appropriate prices. And then fourthly, a lack of researchers and scientists in the field in Africa. The third principle is the possibility of access to data. We know that data is one of the key resources for AI. As we have refused that our natural resources be seed, we also refuse that our data be exploited without us being able to benefit from it. We must ensure that we know that data centers require a lot of energy and electricity. This leads to greenhouse gas emissions. This is the third principle. We know that African countries are those participating least in greenhouse gas emissions. And today we are not benefiting duly from these data centers.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I'd like to thank President Menfi for his intervention. We now give the floor to the Prime Minister of Luxembourg, His Excellency Luc Frieden.
Luxembourg
Mr. Secretary General, co -chairs, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen, technological progress has shaped the fortunes of generations throughout history. And AI is the technology of our time, of our generation. While artificial intelligence is a concept, it continues to evolve. to generative AI, to agentic AI, maybe tomorrow to superintelligence. It is first the real question whether this evolving AI will bring humanity closer together or drive us apart. The Global Digital Compact gives us, I think, the right ambition to ensure that the benefits of AI are shared by all. That commitment must now become a reality. Our objective should be clear, to build an AI that people trust. And therefore, congratulations and thank you for the useful report of the scientific panel, because I think that will help us as policy leaders to make the right choices. Because like any technology, AI is value neutral. AI is value neutral. And that means it presents us with a choice. A choice of what we make of it, how we use it, and for what ends. This choice cannot be made by any country alone. Protecting human dignity, defending democracy, safeguarding human rights, including those of the most vulnerable, especially children, and as was mentioned this morning in the report as well, and ensuring that AI contributes to sustainable development, they are collective responsibilities. This is why multilateralism is not optional, it is essential. History teaches us that whenever transformative technologies reshape our societies, international norms and institutions must adapt too. This is a huge challenge for us as political leaders. Our responsibility is not to choose between international and international, but to choose between innovation and protection. We must advance both together. And therefore I strongly believe that we must build an international framework that allows AI to develop in a safe, trustworthy and human -centered way. Take the military application of AI as a very real and concerning example. As AI integrates into defense systems and the conduct of warfare, human judgment and responsibility must never be surrendered in decisions over life or death. This is why I believe that wherever voluntary principles fall short, we must be prepared to establish binding international rules. Ladies and gentlemen, establishing common standards doesn't mean that we do so in uniformity. We have to make sure that... That we respect our linguistic diversity and cultural diversity. This is... a firm conviction, not only of my own country, Luxembourg, but also of all of the United Nations. We don't want AI which uniforms the world, which makes it uniform. We want it to be able to reflect the diversity of languages, cultures, and societies. In Brussels, I recently argued for an AI of Europe, by Europe, and for Europe. Today, let me broaden the ambition here for all the peoples of the United Nations. And echoing what the Secretary General, Antony Guterres, said at the beginning, I would say we need an AI of humanity, by humanity, and for humanity. One that serves every society, benefits every nation, and remains accountable to us all. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Luc Frieden, Prime Minister of Luxembourg Next speaker is His Excellency Russell Dlamini, Prime Minister of Eswatini. You have the floor.
Eswatini
Your Excellencies Heads of United Nations agencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, I have the honor to deliver these remarks on behalf of His Majesty the King and on behalf of the people of the Kingdom of Eswatini. We meet in Geneva at a defining moment for humanity. Artificial intelligence is no longer a distant innovation. It is already shaping how we learn, how we govern, trade, communicate, heal, produce food, and protect our environment. The question before us is therefore not whether AI will change our societies, but whether we will guide that change in a manner that protects human dignity, strengthens development and preserves the diversity of the human family. For countries such as the Kingdom of Eswatini, AI governance must begin with a simple principle – technology must serve the people. It must improve daily life, expand opportunity and support the digitization of essential public services and strengthen institutions that serve our citizens. It must help us address practical needs including food security, health care, education, public administration, climate resilience, job creation and sustainable development. It must help us to achieve economic growth. AI must not be allowed to narrow the world into a single understanding of progress, identity or values. Its tools, data and development pathways must be infused with cultural sensitivity and respect for different normative traditions, languages, social contexts and standards. Responsible AI should not drive humanity towards one homogeneous coalescence. It should enable diverse, relevant and locally meaningful outcomes. This is especially important for small developing states. They must not become mere consumers of technologies designed elsewhere, trained on realities unlike their own and deployed without regard to their development priorities. Developing states must be supported to build sovereign capability, local innovation, digital literacy, research capacity, computing access, and trusted data ecosystems. Equitable growth in AI requires equitable capacitation. However, innovation cannot flourish without trust. AI governance must be human -centric in design, deployment, and accountability. Responsibility algorithms must be required to adhere to human rights, safety, transparency, fairness, and public interest standards. AI systems must not self -regulate, nor should they be permitted to determine their own growth path. Outside clear human authority. Human judgment, responsibility, and oversight must remain at the center. The protection of minors is paramount. Children must be allowed to develop as children, protected from manipulation, exploitation, unsafe content, harmful profiling, addictive design and premature shaping of their identities by systems they cannot fully understand. No society should outsource childhood learning or moral formation to machines. Legal and governance frameworks must therefore be enforceable nationally and supranationally. Voluntary principles are important, but they are not enough. We need rules that can be audited, remedies that can be accessed, responsibilities that can be assigned and cooperation that reaches across borders. This includes stronger safeguards for privacy. Cyber security, data protection and the integrity of critical infrastructure. I thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank the distinguished Prime Minister of Eswatini, His Excellency Mr. Russell Dlamini. Next speaker is His Excellency Krzysztof Gawkowski Deputy Prime Minister of Poland.
Poland
Madam President, Mr. Secretary General, distinguished guests, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you to the United Nations and to the causes making for this dialogue is possible. Poland treats artificial intelligence... ...not only as a topic of debate, but as a practical tool shaping public policy. We support international cooperation. because effective governance requires such responsibility. This means AI must be human -centric and safe in real -world use. It should protect rights and freedoms, ensure finance and privacy, while enabling innovation and economic growth. We see AI as a part of a connected system linking research, industry, public administration and society. Strong cooperation is essential when public institutions set direction, while partnerships with researchers and businesses help scale solutions. In Poland, the priority is to develop a new technology, and the priority is the application of AI. We are deploying AI and healthcare and administration to improve efficiency, simplify procedures and expert access. We also focus on high quality data. Public data when properly protected, drivers innovation and allows smaller actors to participate. Investment in scale is quite important when we strange digital education to respond to the job market changes and ensures inclusive progress. At the same time, we address risk trust standards, transparency and measure against disinformation and harm from abuse. Poland is committed to close international cooperation because AI cross borders so governance must as well. We focus on on particular impact. which safeguards and cooperation a human -centric AI can deliver real benefits while respecting fundamental value and human rights. Thank you very much.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank Distinguished His Excellency Krzysztof Gawkowski Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Digital Affairs of Poland. Next speaker is His Excellency Zhaslan Madiyev Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Development of Kazakhstan.
Kazakhstan
Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, we highly value our partnership with the UN system in promoting regional digital initiatives. In Almaty, Kazakhstan is advancing two UN -backed regional platforms. UN Regional SDG3. Center for Central Asia and Afghanistan. UN -ESCAP Asia and Pacific Digital Solution Center for Sustainable Development. Together, the two centers will strengthen regional cooperation and support the 2030 agenda. We welcome interested member states to consider seconding national experts to this center, which we see as a regional sandbox for testing and scaling best digital solutions. President Kassim Zhomar Tokayev has set a clear objective to build a fully digital nation within the next three years. This year in Kazakhstan has been announced the year of digitalization and AI. We have built world -class GovTech infrastructure. Our country ranks 24th in the UN e -government development index. 92 % of public services are available online. 90 % of transactions are cashless. All personal documents are digitized and legally equivalent to paper originals. In developing AI, we focus on key areas, institutions, infrastructure, and human capital development. First, institutions. A new constitution guarantees citizens' digital rights, including the right to personal data protection. We have adopted the digital code, the law on AI and the law on cybersecurity that regulate ethical standards and labeling of AI products. The head of state approved the national strategy Digital Kazakhstan that marks our transition from advanced e -government to an AI -enabled nation. Second, infrastructure. By the end of next year, more than 90 % of villages in Kazakhstan will have access to high -speed broadband internet connectivity through fiber optic. The Trans -Caspian fiber optic corridor will be completed this year, establishing a digital corridor between Europe and Asia. Last year, Kazakhstan launched the two largest supercomputer clusters in the region. Now we expand. Our AI tokens economy. data center valley project in Kazakhstan aims at least one gigawatt of AI compute infrastructure. Third, human capital development. Kazakhstan is introducing AI across all levels of education and professional training. The president of Kazakhstan has signed a decree to embed AI in secondary schools. AI research university to be launched this September with global university partners. The international center for AI is becoming common platform for education, research, startups, business and government. Advanced startup ecosystem started to bring unicorns to the world from Kazakhstan. Distinguished colleagues, basic approaches should be compatible. Data protection, safety, transparency, accountability and the ability to exchange solutions internationally. Kazakhstan is open to cooperation. Thank you. We are ready to share our experience, launch joint pilots and develop interoperable approaches to AI governance. Thank you for your kind attention.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Zhaslan Madiyev Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Development of Kazakhstan. Next speaker is Her Excellency Nthomeng Majara Deputy Prime Minister of Lesotho.
Lesotho
Thank you. Madam President, Your Excellencies, it is an honour to address this first UN Global Dialogue on AI Governance on behalf of the Kingdom of Lesotho. Lesotho aligns itself with the statements delivered by the Group of 77, China and the Africa Group. and wishes to add the following observations in its national capacity. We welcome this dialogue as a timely opportunity to ensure that AI serves the interests of all countries and all peoples. We also welcome the preliminary report of the UN Independent International Scientific Panel on AI. Its evidence -based approach rightly underscores that the future impact of AI will depend not only on the technology itself, but on the policy of AI, will depend not only but on the policy choices which governments and the international community make today. Those choices will determine whether AI widens existing inequalities or becomes a catalyst for inclusive and sustainable development. For small and developing states, the central challenge is not simply access to AI technologies, but the capacity to participate meaningfully. In their development, governance and application. This requires investment in human capital, data systems, institutions and digital infrastructure. As the chair of the AU Specialized Committee on Communications and ICT, Lesotho's AI policy of 2025 is broadly aligned with these priorities, particularly in promoting capacity building, AI -ready data, openness, human oversight and inclusive development. Excellencies, Lesotho wishes to highlight four priorities. First, capacity building. Without the necessary skills, institutions and technical expertise, countries cannot regulate AI effectively, deploy it responsibly or participate meaningfully in shaping global AI. Second, openness. Open source software, open data, open standards, and open models can reduce dependency, lower costs, foster innovation, and enable countries to adopt AI solutions to their local context and development priorities. Third, interoperability and digital infrastructure. Responsible public sector AI depends on robust digital public infrastructure, including digital identity systems, electronic government services, secure data exchange mechanisms, and strong cybersecurity frameworks. Fourth, sector -led and risk -based governance through existing regulatory institutions. AI governance should build upon established structural regulators and legal resources. Where AI affects fundamental rights or the delivery of public services. meaningful human oversight, transparency, and effective mechanisms for accountability and redress must remain central. Lesotho also proposes the development of a framework for AI -ready unstructured and fragmented data. Many African countries do not like data. Rather, they lack data which is organized, interoperable, and prepared for responsible AI use. Global AI governance should therefore support countries in transforming fragmented public sector data into secure, trusted, and locally relevant data resources which can drive innovation and sustainable development. As the international community shapes the future of AI governance, we must ensure that no country is left behind. AI governance must be practical, inclusive. It must be development -oriented. It must strengthen national capacities, promote openness. support trusted and AI -ready data, manage risks, and uphold meaningful human oversight so that artificial intelligence becomes a tool for shared prosperity and sustainable development for all. I thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank Her Excellency Nthomeng Majara Deputy Prime Minister of Lesotho. Next speaker is Her Excellency Gabriela Gonzalez, DPR of Uruguay, on behalf of G77 and China.
Uruguay/group of G77 and China
Her Excellency, I have the honor to deliver this speech in the name of the group of G77 and China. First, let me thank the co -chairs for their excellent work during this process. Also, to the Joint Secretary by UNESCO and ITU, and supported by the Office of the Audet and the Executive Office of the Secretary General, and all the members of the U .S. Department of State, and all the United Nations entities who have contributed to preparing this important milestone. The full version of this statement will be on the page of this dialogue. Excellencies, building on the first landmark General Assembly resolution on artificial intelligence adopted in 2024, followed by the Global Digital Compact, Member States have shown that they can deliver, mutualists can deliver on this matter. In short period, the community has laid the foundation of immersion United Nations architecture for an AI governance. Today, with the publication of the panel that we just recently heard, the dialogue we are witnessing the first substantive output in this architecture. Preliminary report confirmed through scientific evidence that many concerns consistently raised by developing countries throughout this process. It highlights the artificial intelligence. The capabilities, computing infrastructure, data resources, models and technical expertise remain highly concentrated. It also underlines that. access of AI and the capacity to govern, it are evenly distributed. And without sustained investment in infrastructure, skills, institutions, data, and governance capacity, AI risks reinforcing exquisite inequalities rather than reducing them. This finding reinforced the urgency of our collective work. They also confirmed the next phase of AI governance must focus on implementation. Excellencies. For our group, AI is first enforcement and development issue. It governs responsibly, inclusively, and matters that support international cooperation. AI can accelerate progress towards sustainable development goals. It can improve public services, strengthen education, health system, enhance agricultural productivity, support climate change, resilient modernist public administration, foster innovation, and contribute to economic diversification. However, this benefit will not materialize automatically. They will depend on whether developing countries have infrastructure, capacity, financing, technology, and policy space required to participate meaningfully in AI ecosystems. For that, AI governance cannot succeed if it is not shaped only by those who already possess great technological capabilities. It can only succeed if all countries are empowered to participate meaningfully in developing, deploying, and governing artificial intelligence. Bridging the digital divide, including AI, divide must therefore become one of the defining objectives of international cooperation. The next AI divide will not simply be about access to technology. It will increasingly be about access to capacity to shape technology, to develop it, to govern it, adapt it to national context, and ensure that it serves sustainable development. Closing that divide is not only the interest. It is the interest of developing countries. It is the interest of building a more inclusive, resilient, representative global AI ecosystem that benefits all. Throughout the preparatory process of this dialogue, development countries have consistently emphasized AI governance should promote sustainable development while contributing truthfully, including a people -centered digital ecosystem, including throughout the promotion of information, integrity, tolerance, and respect of digital space. The group believes that our collective effort should focus on delivering practical outcomes. In this regard, we would like to highlight four areas that could give our work a period ahead. First, strengthening artificial intelligence capacity building as a permanent pillar of international cooperation. Capacity building should move beyond isolated training activities and support development and strengthening institutions, universities, research centers, innovation ecosystems, regulatory authorities, and public administration. Technology transfer, technical cooperation for access and data digital infrastructure, and strengthened South -South cooperation must also remain integral components of our collective efforts. Second, operational innovative volunteers. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Capital and institutional capacity required to meanfully artificial intelligence ecosystem. The Secretary General report in November on financial options shall show the way that we can move forward. The third, making global dialogue platform that connects discussion with implementation beyond exchanging views. Fourth, continuing strengthening coherence across the United Nations system.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I thank the distinguished representative of Uruguay who gave a statement on behalf of the G77 in China. Now I give the floor to the permanent representative of Zambia, Her Excellency Eunice Luambia, who is speaking on behalf of the Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building. Madam, you have the floor.
Zambia/Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building
Thank you, Madam President, Excellencies, distinguished delegates. I have the honour to speak on behalf of the Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building. AI technologies are advancing rapidly and creating tremendous opportunities for economic and social development in all countries. At the same time, AI divide continues to widen and the high -speed advancement of AI creates new risks. In response to these challenges, the Group of Friends puts forward the following proposals. First, promote fairness and inclusiveness so that AI benefits every country and everyone. We call for adherence of the purpose and principles of the UN Charter and respect for international law in building global AI governance. The United Nations should play the central coordinating role in international development cooperation. We further take note of the global digital compact and its commitment to closing AI divide. We also want to ensure that AI is integrated between and within countries. All countries have the equal right to design, develop, deploy and use AI and to choose development paths suited to their national conditions to safeguard technological sovereignty, national security and development interests. We emphasize the importance of promoting and preserving linguistic and cultural diversity and support the development of multilingual AI. The global dialogue should uphold to the mandate in accordance with Resolution 79 -325 and the principles of fairness, inclusiveness and non -discrimination. Particularly, priority should be given to developing countries, including countries in special situations and to people in vulnerable situations. Second, deepen openness and cooperation to build a fair, inclusive and effective governance framework. We call on the global dialogue to contribute to maximizing digital inclusion. enhancing the interoperability of AI governance frameworks, standards and norms and jointly safeguarding the stability of global industrial development and supply chains. We reiterate that states are strongly urged to refrain from promulgating and applying unilateral economic measures not in accordance with international law and the UN Charter. We encourage the development of open source software, open models and the sharing and mutual benefit of AI resources as well as ensuring non -discriminatory access to data, especially learning data while respecting intellectual property rights. We emphasize that AI models and algorithms should be transparent, accountable and unbiased. We stress that AI developers and suppliers should comply with the national standards and standards of the UN Charter. We encourage the development of international legislation of countries where their technologies are used, particularly in the areas of data and information security. We proceed from the premises that AI is safe, secure, and trustworthy technology. We call on this global dialogue to promote an interoperable framework for AI safety cooperation and to share risk assessment tools and safety testing data through south -south, north -south, and triangular cooperation. Third, prioritize development pillar and advance the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We pay close attention to the long -term impact of AI on energy consumption, the ecological environment, employment structures, and social equity. AI should empower industries and improve people's livelihoods, serving as a new engine for sustainable development. We encourage the global dialogue to place... capacity building at the centre of its work, assess current capability gaps and put forward concrete proposals for strengthening cooperation. The global dialogue should give practical effect to the capacity building objectives of the global digital compact, including by developing innovative voluntary financing options for artificial intelligence, capacity building, ensuring that financing the transfer of technology and skills and development are directed to where the need is greatest. We encourage all parties to make positive contributions to digital infrastructure connectivity in developing countries and support efforts to assist developing countries in building data centres, computing facilities and high -speed networks through technical assistance, financial support and capacity building. Excellencies, the group of friends will continue to serve as a bridge for international cooperation.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I'd like to thank the distinguished I'm a representative of Zambia on behalf of the Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building. To the floor, to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Francophonie and Congolese Abroad, His Excellency Constant-Serge Bounda Minister, you have the floor.
Congo
Thank you very much. I would like to share the fraternal greetings of His Excellency Denis Ngeso, the President of the Republic of Congo, who mandated me to participate in this global dialogue on AI governance. I would like also to express the deep appreciation of the Republic of Congo to the United Nations, also to the ITU, to UNESCO, and to all of the partners who came together to make this historic meeting possible. Your commitment demonstrates the will of the international community to construct together in a spirit of multilateralism, which is renewed, governance of AI, which is based on trust, solidarity, and shared responsibility. AI could become one of the major transforming vectors of our era, it offers remarkable opportunities for accelerating the realization of the SDGs, for example, and the African Union agenda, as well as to improve access to essential services and strengthen resilience of our societies. At the same time, however, it raises a number of legitimate challenges with regard to ethics, security, protection of data, disinformation, and risk of exclusion. It is because we need to respond to these two aspects, innovation but also preserving human values, that our efforts must converge. Under the impulsion of the President of the Republic of Congo, we have made a proactive approach. Our country has committed to strengthening our digital ecosystem, specifically through the creation of a dedicated ministry dedicated to the digital economy, while focusing particularly on capacity building, competency training, research. and coming up with an adapted governance framework adapted to the challenges. An African research center for AI in the Nisisenko University is an important step forward. This aims to train a new generation of researchers and African innovators who will promote AI, which is ethical, and will also to develop their priorities for the continent. Here, Congo has benefited from the economic support community from the United Nations and Pnuda's support as well. The dialogue which is bringing us together today, ladies and gentlemen, helps us to form global consensus.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
The speaker is interrupted. The distinguished Minister of Foreign Affairs, Francophonie and Congolese Abroad, thank you so much. And now we give the floor to the Minister of Communication and Information. Technology of Saudi Arabia, His Excellency Abdullah Alswaha.
Saudi Arabia
Thank you. And we raised some of them above some levels. Ladies and gentlemen I would like to quote the Quran We have raised some of them above others in rank so that they may depend on one another through mutual service This is a quotation from the Quran It is divine and it demonstrates that we created not to be in competition but to complement each other's efforts Excellencies Secretary General of the United Nations Ladies and gentlemen 90 % of the compute today as well as IPs in terms of AI are held in the same way in two countries, only two countries, is that the future that the United Nations accepts for more than 190 member states? Today, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has instructions under the service of the leaders of our country to be main partners to reduce this gap and to lead in collective action to make sure that the era of AI ensures inclusivity, joint action. We have combined these efforts. We've been working since the G20 summit with the first declaration which was made at the adoption of the OECD principles for security. We've been working since the G20 summit made considerable efforts, investments, to make sure that the next decade will allow us to reach 6 gigawatts over the next few years, whereas the entire world will need more than 80 gigawatts, just to keep that in mind. Saudi Arabia leads the list, according to Bloomberg lists. We are educating young people, women, we're leading also in terms of AI centers. We're very proud of our partnership with the United Nations to have centers that study the ethical questions of AI. Ten years ago, this room decided to declare the Internet as an essential necessity, and we have failed collectively. This year, if we fail to declare it, artificial intelligence as an existential necessity for the people, planet and prosperity, the next generations will never forgive us and this is why the kingdom stands as your partner of choice for making this happen. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I thank the distinguished minister of communications and information technology of Saudi Arabia and I now give the floor to Minister Gonçalo Matias Minister in the Cabinet of the Prime Minister and of State Reform.
Portugal
Dear co -chairs, ladies and gentlemen, when we discuss AI governance we often ask how to regulate artificial intelligence. This is also important to reflect on how we govern its implementation because the real challenge is no longer whether AI will exist. The challenge is whether governments can deploy it responsibly. and scale, and in ways that improve people's lives. Portugal has approved a national AI agenda that is not another strategy document. It is an implementation agenda. We are bringing AI into government itself, not as a future ambition, but as a practical tool to simplify licensing procedures, modernize public procurement, improve health care, and strengthen crisis response. This is why we call the agentic state AI at the service of citizens, accelerating decisions and anticipating needs under responsible ethical and human -centric decisions. We are building digital twins of public administration, so that governments can test policies before implementing them in the real world. Portugal is taking advantage of its unique geostrategic position and talents, renewable energy, and proximity to submarine cables to launch AI gigafactories. Renewable energy is key to assure sustainability. An example of that is the joint project with Spain to receive one of the European AI gigafactories, making the Iberian Peninsula a hub for AI sustainable production and digital sovereignty. And because language is also sovereignty, we launched Amalia, the first open LLM model built specifically for Portuguese culture. It is designed not only for government, but for citizens, researchers and companies to build AI solutions in our own language, spoken by almost 300 million people. These are not isolated projects. They reflect the broader conviction. Governments should not simply regulate AI. They should become responsible adopters of AI. Effective coordination between the United Nations, the OECD and the European Union and other relevant organizations remains essential, with each contributing according to its mandate and expertise. That's how we believe it should be regulated. This claims for reinforcement of multilateralism, international law and global law as critical instruments to harness, to empower AI while empowering also it to serve lives of people. International cooperation should focus on implementing the commitments already undertaken, strengthening interoperability between governance frameworks and promoting capacity building and ensuring that countries at different stages of digital development can all benefit from AI. Thank you very much.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Gonçalo Matias Minister of Cabinet of the Prime Minister and the State of Reform. Next speaker is His Excellency Mohammed bin Ali Al Mannai Minister of Communications and Information Technology of Qatar.
Qatar
Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Delegates, may the peace and blessings of God be upon you. We welcome the holding of this first session of the Global Dialogue on AI Governance. We'd like to thank ITU, UNESCO, the UN and the co -chairs of the Dialogue for their leading roles. Qatar stands convinced of the importance of our artificial intelligence. This is strategic importance reflected in our AI strategy. We have decided to place AI at the service of humanity in science, in regulation, and in culture. Qatar has three objectives here at this dialogue. First of all, bridging divides. Calculation and data power and skills in models being developed are important in many countries. We must guarantee access to calculation models and open source available tool, including in the Arabic language. Secondly, we want to develop safe and secure models. Dangers of insecure models do not know borders. We must develop interoperability capacity between different model governance structures so that decision makers and developers are not subject to the dangers of these structures. Thirdly, the respect of human rights. Here this is a fundamental principle. It is a matter of trust and we believe that international law must be respected in our use of AI. We are delighted to announce that we will be launching the global initiative on AI under the leadership of our country's leader. This is an initiative of a global coalition in AI and we hope that you can contribute to it. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
Next speaker is His Excellency Sid Ali Zerrouki Minister of Post and Telecommunications of Algeria.
Algeria
Mr. Secretary -General of the United Nations, Madam PGA, Madam SG of the ITU, Excellencies, Algeria is honored to take the floor at this global dialogue on the AI governance and the UN Office. I thank the co -chair for the inclusive spirit that guided us in this meeting. We take note with the appreciation of the preliminary report on the independent international scientific panel on the AI and thank the panel for its contribution in undertaking the opportunity risk impact of artificial intelligence. We meet here at this moment. AI is no longer a technological subject. It's a matter of development. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. It's a matter of government. and human progress. For Algeria, AI governance must be shared internationally responsibly and anchored in dialogue, inclusion, and legitimacy. AI carries two faces. It can support healthcare, education, agriculture, research, and development, but without inclusive governance, it can deepen inequality, increase dependency, amplify disinformation, and undermine rights. The international community has one responsibility, to guide this technology so that it serves humanity, development, and peace. The current AI governance landscape reveals three concerns. First, the technology. The world's in -gap between countries as AI capacity remains concentrated among limited countries. actors. Second, fragmentation of international efforts, confirming the United Nations as the most legitimate and inclusive platform. Third, the limitation or limited practical impact of existing effort principles are necessary but without mechanism and measurable progress, they are not sufficient. To ensure the security of the Algeria is its commitment to arriving at a just, responsible, global agreement at the service of humanity. Between those who design it and design the future and those who merely consume it, it must become a shared instrument of progress.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Sid Ali Zerrouki Minister of Post and Telecommunications of Algeria Next speaker is His Excellency Omar Al -Olama, Minister of State for Artificial Intelligence Digital Economy and Remote Work Applications of the United Arab Emirates.
United Arab Emirates
Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen Thank you for the invitation Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen all protocol observed I come from a country that made a name for itself in identifying potential and realizing it That can be proven in sectors like logistics, where we started off as an ambitious country on the Arabian Gulf to a country that manages 80 ports around the world and 10 % of global trade The same can also be said about airlines and tourism and artificial intelligence We realized the potential of artificial intelligence and appointed the First Minister for Artificial Intelligence as well as the first institution dedicated to higher education in AI. Today, the results are clear. The results are one of the leading countries in the world in the development of AI, having the infrastructure to shape the future of AI, and also being a country where AI diffusion ranks amongst the highest globally at 70%. We were first this year and amongst the top three in the last previous years. For the first time in history, intelligence is no longer just human. And that specific change brings with it many questions, questions on the description that is given to technology. There are descriptions that are given to people. People can be merciful or people can be tyrants. And that description is given because of decisions that people take. A good decision makes you a merciful human. A bad one makes you a tyrant. Technology today, with AI agents and AI more broadly, can take these decisions, and with it can bring upon itself these descriptions. And with this, there is a burden on all of us to try to shape technology to be merciful, to shape technology to support us, and to shape technology to avoid tyranny. History has taught us that to avoid tyranny, we need to try to work on three things, and I want to share that with you. The first is the separation of power, and with that, we want to ensure that the many have access to this technology, and not just the few. The second, to avoid tyranny, we need to have decentralization, and that is why the UAE is investing in AI infrastructure around the world, in Africa and in South America as well. And the third is independent judiciary, to ensure that institutions like the UN can shape the future of AI, and can be the custodians of where we are. And the fourth is the protection of the people. in conclusion ladies and gentlemen we are the first generation that are going to set the rules for a generation that's going to shape the future of humanity the decisions that we take today are not just decisions for ourselves and our generation but for all generations that are to come and our call is we shouldn't look at the future of technology with a pessimistic lens but rather an optimistic one thank you
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
we'd like to thank the Minister of State for AI from the UAE and now we have the opportunity to welcome the Minister of Science, Innovation Technology and Telecommunications of Costa Rica Her Excellency Paula Bogantes Zamora.
Costa Rica
Buenas tardes Good afternoon Your Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates often we speak about ensuring that all benefit from AI but access alone is not inclusion We live in a world where some countries, a few countries, design AI, set its standards and capture its value, while other countries barely have access to imported systems. That is not an inclusive digital future. Latin America and the Caribbean bring together more than 660 million people, but have captured just 1 % of global investment in AI. This disproportion reveals that our challenge is not simply of expanding adoption, but also of building decision -making capacity in AI, adopting models in our languages and institutions, producing and governing strategic data, assessing risks, developing our own solution, influencing on international standards, and retaining a fair share of the economic, systemic, and public value that these systems generate. Inclusive AI starts from meaningful connectivity. In 2025, 2 .2 billion people remain disconnected throughout the world. Interoperability is essential, but it mustn't oblige all countries to adopt the same laws and institutions or the same regulatory models. Inclusion also requires shared capacity. No country should remain aside because they are not able to independently finance advanced computing, innovation laboratories, or specialized talent. Governments must also become market creators. Costa Rica believes that global governance on AI should not be measured by the quantity of principles that we publish, but rather the capacity. We build the inequalities we reduce and the social values that we retain. AI will not, in the end, be justified by the sophistication of its algorithms, but rather by the impact that it has on people. The true measure of our success will not be to build ever smarter systems, but rather to guarantee that we never lose what makes us human. Our dignity, our empathy, our freedom, and our responsibility to the coming generations. AI must help us to anticipate enforced displacements, to protect children, to identify and respond to human crises, and ensure we have sufficient infrastructure faced with cyber war. Because AI should not define the future of humanity, it should help humanity.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much, Minister. Thank you. Thank you. We now give the floor to the Minister for Digital Transformation and Civil Service. of the Kingdom of Spain, His Excellency Oscar López Águeda.
Spain
Secretary General, distinguished colleagues, from Spain we'd like to welcome the work from the scientific panel that we hosted just a few weeks ago in Madrid. We think excellent work was done there which will set down historic precedents. First of all, the speed of AI is seeing the multiplication of cyber -biological, democratic and security risks. What we are reading, what we are creating, what we are voting on feeds into AI. And this will be the greatest battle according to the panel. AI is not only a consumer good now, it is a basic foundational structure which is critical in the new global balance of power. The multiple benefits of AI are the following. could be undermined by their risks if we don't progress with our own capacities and immediate governance. Science is reminding all governments today that we have a very narrow window of opportunity. As we heard from the Secretary General of the United Nations, we have very little time to reorient the focus of AI toward interoperability, the discovery of vaccines, gender equality, the fight against climate change, and the reduction of inequalities between the North and the South. AI must be a majority tool, not an exclusive weapon. And governance requires independent evaluation mechanisms, shared standards and coordination, of course. But we also need the political will from the parties here in Geneva in order to transform evidence into action. this is what we are trying to do from the government of Spain with Costa Rica we co -facilitated the process that led to the panel and the dialogue under the Spanish presidency of the EU we saw the adoption of the first comprehensive AI law the EU AI regulation that we just corrected and expanded in order to prohibit sexual deep fakes and also to protect minors we were the first European country to set up a supervisory agency for AI and to set down a charter and an observatory of digital rights but we are not only looking at effectiveness and ethics we are also seeking to ensure competitiveness and sovereignty Spain is listening to science promoting innovation and defending global dialogue which seeks to combine AI and digital rights we are speaking no more no less of defending human rights faced with techno -fascism. We are speaking about our own civilization, to move forward or to move back. And you can count on the support of Spain, the whole multilateral system can count on the support of Spain to go forward in regulating and governing AI. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
His Excellency Oscar López Agueda, Minister for Digital Transformation and Civil Service of Spain. Next speaker is His Excellency Li Lecheng Minister of Industry and Information Technology of China.
China
Your Excellencies, President Ms. Baerbock, UNSG, Mr. Guterres, co-chairs, House of States and international organizations, colleagues, AI governance concerns the future of humanity and is a shared task of all countries. Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed global AI governance initiative. calling for inclusive, equitable and effective AI governance to ensure AI for good. China has consistently supported the UN as the primary channel for global AI governance and has worked to help bridge the global AI divides. To this end, I'd like to make three proposals. First, AI for all. Regardless of their size, strength or social system, all countries have the equal right to develop and benefit from AI. China has launched the AI Capacity Building Action Plan for Good and for All and implemented concrete projects to promote South -South and triangular cooperation. China stands ready to make full use of the Group of Friends for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building to act on AI capacity building. We actively support other countries, especially those in the Global South, in developing AI capabilities and sharing the AI dividend. Second, Open source AI is a shared asset for all humanity. Chinese open source models such as DeepSeek and Quang have significantly lowered the barriers and costs of AI adoption. China is committed to further promoting open source AI for industry, academia and research institutions, encouraging innovation, AI empowerment and an inclusive ecosystem through international cooperation, thereby injecting sustained momentum into AI development. Third, jointly building global AI governance. AI presents tremendous opportunities, but it also brings unforeseen risks and challenges. China has therefore put forward the Global AI Governance Action Plan, firmly upholding the principle of balancing between development and safety, advocating governance. It also promotes technical ethics review and other governance proposals to ensure AI for good. China stands ready to work closely with all parties to advance global AI governance frameworks, standards and norms based on broad international consensus. Dear colleagues, the development and governance of AI will shape our common future. China calls on all parties to strengthen solidarity to promote AI for good and for all. From 17th to 20th July, China will host the World AI Conference and high -level meetings on global AI governance in Shanghai. I sincerely invite you to join us in person and contribute to advancing global AI development. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
Next speaker is His Excellency Chea Vandeth Minister of Post and Telecommunications of Cambodia.
Cambodia
Excellency, ladies and gentlemen, Cambodia views today's dialogue with a clear conviction. Artificial intelligence has the potential to transform economies, improve public service, and accelerate sustainable development. Our governance choice should enable this potential, not constrain it. For Cambodia and for many developing nations, the central question is not whether AI should be governed, but how to establish governance that fosters innovation, expands access, builds trust, and ensures that the benefits of AI are shared by all. At the same time, we recognize that meaningful adoption requires trust. Cambodia, therefore, believes AI governance must be a key factor in its development. risk-based, responsive, and future-oriented, and where necessary, proactive rather than merely reactive. Governance should scale with actual risk, adapt as technology evolves, and anticipate challenges before they materialize. In line with our ASEAN partners, Cambodia has adopted a principle-based approach to AI governance. We view the private sector, academia, civil society, and citizens not as subjects of regulation but as partners in operationalizing AI governance and ethics. This is why we are currently preparing our national AI governance framework. A mechanism designed to align all stakeholders and create a dynamic space where sector regulators, industry, and other actors can work together to create a dynamic space where sector regulators, can collaborate as AI capabilities evolve. Indeed, no country can govern this technology alone. Cambodia sees three concrete areas where the international community can support shared progress. First, by building the technical capacity of regulators, particularly in developing countries. Second, by fostering exchange of information on emerging AI capabilities. Products and services. And third, by strengthening cooperation on regulatory experience and incident monitoring so that lesson learned in one jurisdiction can be developed. benefit all. Finally, I wish to underscore a simple but often overlooked truth. Technological problems require technological solutions. Cambodia calls on technology companies to join hands with government as general partners in AI governance. Working together...
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Chea Vandeth Minister of Post and Telecommunications of Cambodia. Next speaker is His Excellency Albert Rösti Federal Counselor and Head of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications of Switzerland.
Switzerland
Merci. Thank you very much, co -chairs, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. Switzerland welcomes the launch of this global dialogue on AI governance. The challenges which multilateralism must respond to are ever strong, even though AI will, of course, inevitably change deeply public goods throughout the world. In this context, AI is not only a new object of governance or analysis, but actually it's a lever to improve our capacity for action and, through this good, a way to validate the credibility of the international system. Switzerland defends a simple conviction, which is that the United Nations should not only define the rules of governance of AI, but also show an example, be an example in their practical application. This, not only through their methods of work, but also in the development of new forms of cooperation and also in the accomplishment of their mandate. for those who they are serving, member states and, of course, populations at the end of the day. I would also like to speak today on behalf of the member states of the Freedom Online Coalition, which Switzerland is presiding over this year. Our joint statement, which was adopted last week, is very clear. Governance of AI must be firmly enshrined in international human rights, international law, and must be elaborated through multi -partite processes which are genuine and which are human -centered. We must also recognize the risks of AI. AI could be used in an abusive way through arbitrary surveillance, diffusing misinformation, weaken our democratic institutions. From the 21st of June, 2027, Switzerland, will host in Geneva the next Global Summit on AI. This is the follow -up of the... summit which took place in India and in France. You are, of course, most welcome to join the summit. To have better connected standard -setting processes and clear framework, the AI for Good Summit will give us more information as well as an opportunity to contribute to its preparation. Before that exchange, I can already share with you, ladies and gentlemen, our firm conviction in Switzerland with regard to the unique value added of Geneva as one of the best stakeholders to serve multilateralism and this revolution which is driven by AI. I thank you very much for your kind attention.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I'm the head of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications of Switzerland. Next speaker is Her Excellency Anne Le Hénanff Delegate Minister for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Affairs of France.
France
Distinguished colleagues, ladies and gentlemen AI, which is omnipresent in our means of communication today requires inclusive governance This governance must be focused on you and institutions to make sure that the AI serves the SDGs Our framework not only needs to cover those usages but also standards which will help us to evaluate it and deploy it In order to drive this technology towards common good we need five priorities here First, protection of children online with the creation of a G7 line to protect the rights of children before AI which has been supported by Estonia, Brazil, Morocco the European Union and other states and supported by UN agencies Secondly here, multilingualism to make sure that AI reflects the linguistic and cultural diversity of the world Thirdly fighting manipulation of information preserve the integrity of our democratic debates Fourthly we have to respect the environment. If we think of the summit in Paris for AI and the environment. Fifthly, open source models to democratize access to this new energy. Common governance needs to allow the freedom of markets, of course, but also allow sovereignty to respect human rights and safe, interoperable, interoperable, reliable AI. It needs to be responsible. It's a global challenge as well as a local challenge. For those countries that are facing energy problems, we need to make sure that we don't worsen the environmental situation, but we look forward. This is the way forward. France is advancing on this path forward thanks to its energy mix, renewable energies, with Mistral AI, for example, and other efforts. This has guided our G7 presidency, and also this is where we've deployed our different solutions. We call upon all partners to support this international cooperation for governance of AI. These two days are the beginning of the United Nations response to this challenge, and France is committed to share its experience here and to support these objectives. I thank you very much for your kind attention.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank Your Excellency Hénanff , Delegate Minister for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Affairs of France. Next speaker is His Excellency David Schere, Minister of Communications and Innovation of Botswana.
Botswana
Thank you very much, Your Excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Botswana welcomes the convening of this inaugural Global Dialogue on AI. This is an important step in the implementation of the Global Digital Compact adopted in 2024, through which countries collectively committed to intensifying efforts to bridge the digital divide and strengthen digital infrastructure and promote technological transfer and enhancing capacity -building initiatives. For Botswana, artificial intelligence presents significant opportunity to advancing the attainment of sustainable development goals in many areas. Botswana fully recognizes the capabilities of artificial intelligence, what it can do, and the strategy of artificial intelligence can strategically harness to advance national development priorities across education, agriculture, healthcare, and other key sectors. However, like many developing countries, Botswana continues to suffer challenges. in fully harnessing the potential and the benefits of AI. A major constraint is lack of adequate digital infrastructure, digital skills, which limit the capacity of many developing nations to effectively adopt and utilize AI capabilities. We trust that this dialogue will create the space for substantive exchange on how best to support developing countries in harnessing the transformative potential of artificial intelligence. It must serve as a platform for collective action, a platform which responds to the priorities of developing countries in form of bridging the digital divide within the nations and strengthen the capacity building to facilitate technological transfer and enhance the digital space. Ensure that no one is left behind. that we ensure that ethical considerations are fully integrated to uphold the protection of human rights and respect for the principle of international law. In this regard, establishing and effectively implementing appropriate safeguards and regulatory framework is essential. Botswana emphasizes that the deliberation of this dialogue should yield practical solutions and actionable recommendations to ensure that it effectively fulfills the objective and purpose for which it was convened for. As I conclude, allow me to reaffirm Botswana's commitments to constructive engagement throughout this dialogue.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
Next speaker is His Excellency Sherzod Shermatov Minister of Digital Technologies of Uzbekistan.
Uzbekistan
Dear participants of today's important dialogue, United Nations serves as an important global institution which is helping the overall global humanity to grow. Together we have approved sustainable development goals which include decreasing of poverty, removing of hunger, improving the quality of education and quality of healthcare. And I think that AI should serve for these purposes so that we together as a global community try to focus on the human development and human improvement. And in Uzbekistan, under the leadership of His Excellency President Mirziyoyev, Uzbekistan is becoming one of the fastest growing economies in the world where we are striving to achieve those global goals and we are among the leading countries in terms of decreasing the poverty. in terms of decreasing the hunger as well as improving the quality of education as well as in health care. And we focus on implementing AI in achieving those goals. We are heavily investing into improving of education because the human capital is the most important capital Uzbekistan has. We have implemented 5 million AI leaders program where we try to upskill our population in terms of using AI effectively for the benefit of their future achievements. And also we create conditions for AI companies to develop in Uzbekistan so that they can harness the green energy which Uzbekistan is leading in terms of moving towards the green energy so that Uzbekistan is evolving. We are welcoming international organizations and companies to invest for AI, green AI data centers. And of course, for Uzbekistan, we try to focus more on human development and we think that the future AI governance should be focused on those important principles like the inclusiveness. All the countries, including the developing countries, should take part in the AI development agenda. And of course, the open source is important and we could share the open source models which are really helping the humanity in terms of improving the education, improving of the healthcare. And the trust is also important. And I think that if we work together and if we use these global institutions effectively, together we can really achieve the development of AI for the benefit of human people. Humanity as a general. And Uzbekistan is ready to be part of this important movement. Thank you all.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank His Excellency Sherzod Shermatov, Minister of Digital Technologies of Uzbekistan. Next speaker is His Excellency William Kabogo Gitau Cabinet Secretary for Information, Communications and the Digital Economy of Kenya.
Kenya
Thank you, Your Excellency's distinguished delegates. I have the honor of speaking on behalf of the people of Kenya and the President of the Republic of Kenya, Dr. William Samoy Roto. We thank the General Assembly for establishing this global dialogue, the Secretary General for convening an inclusive and diverse independent international scientific panel on AI. Our approach on this dialogue is practical. AI must expand opportunity and prosperity for all countries and must not deepen existing divides. That is the best way we apply to questions of inclusion, rights, risks and interoperability. For many developing countries, the divide is felt in compute, data and language. Compute power remains concentrated in a few countries, while many AI systems do not reflect African languages, data or context. If this pattern continues, countries in the global south will remain consumers of technologies that they did not shape, while bearing risks and harms they did not create. This is why Kenya supports cooperation that moves from principle to implementation. We need affordable compute, open and representative data sets, safe and accessible models, stronger skills and meaningful participation in standard settings. And we need fair financing for the regional infrastructure, research, capacity and public institutions that must govern and deploy AI safely. especially where it is used in public services and in decisions that affect people's rights. At home, our national AI strategy 2530 builds on what already works at scale. The e -Citizen platform now offers 22 ,000 government services to 13 million Kenyans. This year, we launched a government interoperability framework which connects public systems through a secure, trusted infrastructure that experience clarifies our view that interoperability is not uniformity, but rather common baseline for safety. We are also investing in Kenya. Kenya is rolling the new UNESCO and Oxford course on AI government with the goal of training 20 ,000 public officers by 2027. We are one of the five countries piloting AI and robotics education in schools. impact partnership with the ITU. In our view, this global dialogue should serve as a culmination of national, regional, and international conversation on AI, including the Internet Governance Forum, the AI Action Summit, Standards Dialogues, the African Union, and other regional processes.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I thank the Cabinet Secretary for Information, Communication, and Digital Economy of Kenya. We now wish a warm welcome to Carlos Mendoza Alvarado, the Secretary of Planning and Programming of the Presidency of Guatemala.
Guatemala
A very good afternoon, distinguished co -chairs, distinguished heads of delegation, ladies and gentlemen. Guatemala values the launch of this global dialogue on AI governance. as an opportunity to ensure that this technological transformation is oriented toward the welfare of all people rather than the deepening of already existing inequalities. As a developing country, we consider that artificial intelligence governance should combine ethical principles, human rights, scientific evidence that is independently verified, effective international cooperation and concrete resources in order to bridge existing divides. Discussing risks and standards is not enough. We must also speak about capacity, connectivity, high -quality public data, digital infrastructure, AI literacy, and innovation. Institutional strengthening, particularly for those countries that are facing structural difficulties. The particular contribution of Guatemala is born out of our own reality. We are a pluricultural, multilingual and multi -ethnic country. And for this reason, a truly inclusive artificial intelligence cannot be limited to expanding access to technologies designed in other contexts. Cultural diversity and linguistic diversity need to be recognized. Progressively incorporating indigenous languages, respecting ancestral knowledge and community knowledge, and avoiding bias which would make peoples, their territories and their different ways of knowledge invisible. From Guatemala, we would like to state this clearly. Digital inclusion. must also mean cultural inclusion, linguistic inclusion and territorial inclusion. We therefore reiterate the value of multilateralism and international cooperation. We must actively participate in defining standards, frameworks and mechanisms for global governance of AI. Our aspiration is clear. AI cannot be a border of exclusion. It must be a tool to build more able states, more solid democracies, more inclusive societies and a truly shared digital future.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I thank the Secretary of Planning and Programming of the Presidency of Guatemala and I now give the floor to the Ministerof State for Technology and AI. Minister of Lebanon, His Excellency Kamal Shehadi.
Lebanon
Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen Dear Colleagues Today I'd like to extend the greetings of Lebanon A long time ago our ancestors, the Phoenicians looked to the sea and used the sea not as an obstacle but they saw it as a bridge a bridge between civilizations that allowed the Phoenicians to exchange goods cultures and that exchange today has become our heritage which is still in the minds of our people and some concern to a future that holds the promise and the challenge of AI Lebanon has known wars, crises, uncertainty, displacement and loss. We've seen institutions destroyed and generations of young people forced to look beyond our shores for opportunity and safety. But Lebanon's story has always been and still is a story of renewal, rebuilding and rejuvenation. To prepare Lebanon for the AI era, we are investing in NUMU, a National Digital and AI Capacity Building Program. This is a human -centric effort to expand access to digital and AI skills across the country. We have also revised the school curriculum to include in it responsible AI. We're building networks with the Lebanese abroad. The expatriates are Lebanese diaspora. So they continue to... We want to mentor Lebanese youth who are innovating and open doors for them internationally. We're building the digital foundations of a modern state so institutions can move from paper to digital. from fragmentation to coordination, from delay to delivery. We are focusing on governance readiness, cyber readiness, and data readiness. We're also promoting homegrown innovation, and we're developing our digital and AI sovereignty, not as isolation, but as capability and choice, the ability to understand the technologies we adopt, govern the data we generate, secure the systems we depend on, and shape AI in line with our values. We know that no country's AI future can be built within its own borders. Neither can one country alone fight off the nefarious effect of AI models gone wild. We need standards that can be implemented. We need safeguards that protect people without freezing innovation. Lebanon is ready for a purposeful dialogue. We bring the courage of those who've crossed uncharted seas, the resilience of those who have weathered storms, and the resolve to navigate a future shaped by AI. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
I thank the Minister of State for Technology and AI of Lebanon and now I give the floor to the Minister of Communication and Information Technology of the United Republic of Tanzania, Her Excellency Angellah Kairuki.
Tanzania
Excellencies, distinguished delegates I have the honor of delivering these remarks on behalf of Her Excellency the President of the United Republic of Tanzania, Dr. Samia Sulu Hassan Excellencies, distinguished delegates Artificial intelligence is reshaping our world at a very extraordinary speed The central question that we need to address is not whether AI will transform our society but how we ensure that this transformation is inclusive, interoperable but also beneficial for all our citizens Our national and regional experiences show that AI governance must be rooted in human -centered principles strong digital foundations, but also cooperation across borders. Tanzania views artificial intelligence as a strategic enabler for achieving the aspirations of the Tanzania -led government vision 2050, but also our national digital economic strategic framework, and it also presents significant opportunities to transform our key sectors, including agriculture, healthcare, education, financial services, but also public administration. Tanzania is also advancing a people -centered digital transformation, agenda that places responsible AI at its core. And in this regard, several initiatives have been implemented, including developing governance frameworks, including strengthening our data governance, privacy, and cybersecurity, so that we can build trust, but also cooperation, and we can build trust, to protect our citizens. But furthermore, we have developed our national guidelines for AI in education. but also the National AI Policy Framework for Health Sector, and many more. We have also expanded our National ICT broadband backbone, but also developed our National Data Infrastructure, BPI, so that we can ensure AI can scale equitably across various sectors. At the regional level, Tanzania works very closely with ITU, with African Union, with R2, with EAC, SADC, and other partners. We're doing all this to ensure that the AI systems can operate seamlessly across borders, supporting trade, mobility, but also to share development goals, while also respecting privacy, security, and national sovereignty. To conclude, developing countries must have an equal voice in shaping global AI policies, standards, and governance frameworks. Therefore, Tanzania calls for enhanced international cooperation in capacity building, technological transfer, research partnerships, innovation ecosystems, but also investment in digital infrastructure to ensure that all countries can participate meaningfully in global AI ecosystem. I thank you very much for your kind attention.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
I thank Her Excellency Angellah Kairuki, Minister of Communication and Information Technology of the United Republic of Tanzania We have heard the last speaker for this morning session. The list of intervenants that distinguished delegates have received will remain the same and the session will resume in the high level governmental segment taking place tomorrow from 3 to 4.30pm I would like to remind you that national statements can be submitted via email to aidialogue.un.org We now move to the high level multi-stakeholder plenary segment Today's session has been designed a little differently rather than beginning with a moderated panel. We will first hear directly from participants in the room Thank you and we would like to invite interventions representing different stakeholder groups and regions to share their perspectives on the opportunities, challenges, and priorities they see for advancing AI governance in practice. These interventions are intended to help frame the discussion. Our panelists will build on these perspectives during the moderated discussion that follow.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
ank you so just some housekeeping so to take the floor we invite you to raise your hand and an usher with an orange armband will provide you with a microphone or if you're seated at a table with a mic please request for the floor using the mic button speaking time will be limited to three minutes for everyone a timer has been set and is visible on the screen So we kindly encourage all intervenants to respect the allotted time so that the largest possible number of the intervenants may be accommodated during this short, but we're pretty sure a very fruitful segment. To ensure fairness and allowed role participation, mics will be automatically switched off once the allocated speaking time has expired. So we therefore respectfully request the intervenants to conclude their remarks within the prescribed time limits. I will be assisted by the Joint Secretariat for this short segment, and then we will follow with the program. With that, we're very, very pleased to open the floor. Thank you.
Participant
Hello? Oh, yeah. Hi, thank you so much for the floor. My name is Luisa Franco Machado. I run a youth -led nonprofit called Equilabs. And I wanted to take the floor because I realized that safeguarding young people has become the dominant language in AI governance spaces, including business. So I wanted to take this one. We debate age verification, we debate age -appropriate AI, restrictions on access to social media and platforms. Much less common, however, is a genuine effort to understand how young people actually experience these technologies, how we feel about AI and what kind of governance we're asking for and need to be part of creating. I wanted to ask so I can understand who's part of this space. If you're 30 years old or younger, can you stand up? Okay. Hi. I feel like we're maybe 10 or 15, maybe a little bit more, a little bit less. So we're not many, right? Even if everybody tells us, that we are the future of technology and the policies that you are debating are made for us. Well, as someone from Gen Z who has worked on AI governance from Sao Paulo to Berlin, I can tell you that many young people are not really excited about AI. We are increasingly skeptical of it. We are the generation learning what it means to depend on chat GPT before trusting our own thinking. We're the generation questioning companies that celebrate AI while replacing human workers. We understand these technologies because we grow up inside them. Yet our response from this space has largely been to govern young people's relationship with technology rather than technology companies' relationship with power. Young people are becoming more vulnerable because public institutions have not been bold enough to govern the concentration of private power shaping our digital lives, while at the same time, continuing to sign multi -million dollar contracts that deepen their independence with the very companies they are expected to regulate. We already have the evidence, the testimonies, and the lived experience. If we're serious about safeguarding young people, we have to move beyond governing the symptoms for these inequalities and start governing the conditions that produce them. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much for that. The next speaker, please. The one that has the mic. Perfect. Yes, please go ahead.
Participant
Thank you very much. Good afternoon, everyone. My name is András Cerenyi. I'm from the Global Cities Hub, an organization connecting local governments in the work of international organizations. And I would like to intervene on the topic of who is governing AI and offer you a vision of a more inclusive multilateralism. We commend the fact that the first... ...global dialogue on AI governments is taking place. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. and we upload the panel and the report. However, we see that local governments are not part of the discussion, while we know that artificial intelligence, while are developed by companies and regulated by member states, are used and implemented at the local level. Our everyday life is more and more affected by AI, and local and regional governments play an important role in how AI is used and how AI is implemented. Just to give you three very simple examples, when we are talking about the data used by AI government, we know that local and regional governments, we know that cities are producing most of the data, and we know that the local government is the one that is using the data. now available and it's not a question that this data has to be handled in a transparent way has to be owned by the community by the cities, by the nations and not by private companies the second example can be the environmental aspects we heard from several ministers in the room that the different AI centers, data centers will play a very important role, but we also know that these centers have an important environmental impact and these impacts are local impacts and these are local governments who has to face this one and the third example would be the human rights aspect which is also very important at the local level so let me offer you three recommendations first, the AI should not be deployed solely to maximize efficiency or technological performance it should be improved quality of life of the citizens second, the AI government should be designed for resilience not only optimization especially in urban environments governance framework should strengthen the capacity of the public institutions and last but not least local and regional governments should be recognized as a distinct governance actor alongside national governments industry, academia and civil society they should become governors and not only implementers in that sphere
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
not my intention yes I will give you the floor just let me react very briefly this dialogue throughout the process we tried to be as inclusive as possible no one was set aside excluded everyone had the opportunity to participate in the different sessions that we organized in person and online and I hope that as you know this is only the first dialogue thank you that in the process towards the second even more stakeholders will be able to engage so rest assured this will remain as inclusive, as universal as possible because this is also the nature of the United Nations Thank you very much, now can I see who's the next one? Fantastic, sir you have the floor there, can I have the R shirt? Thank you.
Participant
Thank you. My name is Aziz Abakirov, I'm from the Kyrgyz Republic, High Technology Park and thank you, wonderful panel discussion and wonderful report of independence and voice hearing now from small nations, 7000 languages, most of them invisible to AI if a language is absent from the data, it is absent from the future in Kyrgyz Republic we decided to change that the problem is AI is concentrated in the hands of a few large players and the report is already mentioned about it, small nations, small languages left behind Our answer, Kani TTS, an open source TTS model, 4 million parameters, runs on a standard laptop, trained in just six hours of eight GPUs. Already supports eight 15 -plus languages, Kyrgyz, Arabic. We released the full pre -training code. Any team can adapt it for their own languages. The model is already training on Hugging Face. This is not just a model. It is proof that world -class AI can be built in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Cairo, Santo Domingo. Building on this, we are launching SNAP, Small Nations AI Powerhouses, an open global alliance where small nations pull data, infrastructure, and expertise. In the AI revolution, the size of your country doesn't matter. What matters is equality, unique data, and the will. To collaborate. To collaborate. If you work in language technology, open data or AI policy, let's connect. The greatest breakthrough of the AI era is not AI itself. It is humanity's ability to collaborate at a scale the world has never seen before. Join SNAP, Small Nation AI Powerhouses. Thank you.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much for that. Now, can I have the outro? Where is the next one? Fantastic. Go ahead. Go ahead.
Participant
Good afternoon. Thank you for the amazing event today. My name is Kamlesh Laradee, and I am an expert in business and technology transformation, and I've advised companies for close to 30 years in this space. And I specialize as well in... cognitive governance for AI use in enterprises. Now, my team and I have conducted a neuroscience -based study in a Swiss company recently where we measured the brain activity of people as they completed cognitive tasks in the workplace with and without AI. And some of the findings were incredibly revealing for us. For example, familiarity bias, where we saw over 500 % increase in familiarity with AI output. What this means is as LLMs are engineered and designed to appear competent as well as credible in terms of the output that they produce, people tend to trust those outputs more, and hence their vigilance and scrutiny of the outputs tends to reduce significantly. Also, with increase of AI literacy, we found that the likelihood of vigilance and governance over the AI output also reduces. And attention drift tends to occur as people start to use AI systems more. they do tend to trust the systems and their attention reduces in terms of being aware of some of the mistakes or whether the output is credible. And this often happens without people actually being aware of it. So it appears in the brain data that we tracked. So I appreciate the conversations that have occurred today and all the presentations on the various panels around what has been looked at in terms of AI governance. And there's been a lot of focus around technical governance, human governance, administrative process, as well as the risks and impact on society and enterprises as well as industry. But cognitive governance is a crucial element as well for AI in terms of governance. And this should be an aspect or a layer that needs to be looked at by the panel. And I feel that there is, at the moment, I have developed a cognitive governance framework for AI governance. I have developed a cognitive governance framework for enterprises. it should be an element that is developed at a broader level within an organization like this or within a panel like this where it could be applied broadly across industries and regions. And there should be a level of urgency for how this is developed because if we are relying on individuals, users, and people to be that last mile governance layer for AI application, the fact that artificial intelligence does shift the way humans think, make decisions.
H.E. Ambassador Egriselda López
Thank you very much for that. And thank you so much for the interest of everyone. It's really, really encouraging that conversation. That gentleman there, he will have the mic. And I'm sorry that we cannot accommodate more because we have also the panel, as you remember. And with that is the last activity of today. So please, sir, go ahead.
H.E. Ambassador Rein Tammsaar
Thank you very much. Thank you very much for all the participants for those really thoughtful interventions many many thanks and again sorry we cannot accommodate more so building on these contributions we will now move to the second part of this session a high level moderated round table discussion featuring representatives from governments, industries civil society, academia, the technical community and international organizations to begin this segment I would like to invite our distinguished moderator Mr. Whitney Baird President and CEO United States Council for International Businesses to the podium to introduce the panel and intervenants for this session
Human rights
Clear frameworks for accountability and oversight are necessary to address issues arising from AI's use. 5. Legal and Regulatory Frameworks: Guidelines and Regulations: Strong rules and guidelines are needed for develop...
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Privacy and data protection are particularly pertinent, given that AI systems often require massive datasets, which can include sensitive personal information. It is crucial that developers embed privacy guarantees and d...
Ethics and AI | Part 5
No man is above the law, so why should AI be? The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and human rights, democracy, and the rule of law Since 2024, the international community can be satisfied that there i...
Glion Human Rights Dialogue and Digitalisation
Glion, Switzerland You can find more information on five points mentioned during Jovan Kurbalija's keynote address at the Glion’s human rights dialogue. 1. Bottom-up AI Bottom-up AI challenges the dominant view that...
Africa's participation in international processes related to AI
UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI In November 2021, member states of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted a Recommendation on the Ethics of AI outlining a series of values, ...
From summer disillusionment to autumn clarity: Ten lessons for AI
One example is the push to develop domestic GPU chips after US sanctions. China is in catch-up and bypass mode – using whatever it takes (including open-source innovations like DeepSeek and large state R&D programmes) to...
Artificial intelligence in Africa: National strategies and initiatives
In Nigeria, a National Centre for AI and Robotics (NCAIR) – established under the National Information Technology Development Agency – works to promote R&D in AI, robotics, drones, and related technologies and create ‘a ...
WS #462 Bridging the Compute Divide a Global Alliance for AI
Preuves In the US, private companies make most compute infrastructure investments; Latin American governments lack resources for large infrastructure investments; creates a reinforcing cycle limiting regional AI devel...
AI and international peace and security: Key issues and relevance for Geneva
Furthermore, these actors can engage in research and capacity-building initiatives that promote understanding of AI technologies and their potential risks, fostering informed public discourse and encouraging accountabili...
Internet Governance Forum 2025
I don't think that every single nation can make up some kind of framework that will protect people from any kind of risk. We have to find international regulations." This sentiment was echoed in the Open Forum on Shaping...
Open Forum #33 Building an International AI Cooperation Ecosystem
He suggests that SDGs represent the most comprehensive codification of core human values agreed by all UN member states and should be used to create AI systems that implement each SDG. Preuves Notes that with automa...
Keeping AI in check
A ten-step guide published by CoE starts with the need to conduct a human rights impact assessment on AI systems. Technology is a social product, and as such, it integrates values that orientate the way it operates, ev...
AI Governance: Ensuring equity and accountability in the digital economy (UNCTAD)
To illustrate their point, they use the analogy of fusion cuisine, highlighting the need for careful blending of different solutions to ensure coherence and effectiveness. However, another speaker urges caution when in...
Inclusive AI governance: Universal values in a pluralistic world
These values can inform governance models that prioritise relational accountability, ethical cultivation, and social cohesion, offering alternatives to transactional, compliance-driven frameworks.This is why I dare here ...
AI and the Roadmap for Digital Cooperation
Second, values that should guide the development and application of AI were touched upon in almost all interventions. Mr Max Tegmark (President, Future of Life Institute) expressed a key concern, shared by many, when he ...
Artificial Intelligence & Emerging Tech
The argument made is that involving all stakeholders in collaborative discussions allows for the sharing of ideas and the formulation of consensus policies.Preserving and leveraging the internet and digital ecosystem as ...
Navigating the interplay between artificial intelligence, philosophy, education, and governance
Overview The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) presents profound philosophical, educational, and governance challenges and opportunities for the global community. To address these dimensions, we organis...
AI for Good Global Summit
And then we need to be the silence change agent, right? Maybe we have to say it, but do it more, right? I think that's gonna be an interesting time. We'll repeat it as in Haiti, Haitian Creole, which is not a standard la...
1

This is consistent with broader UN and diplomatic discussions on AI governance in the knowledge base, which repeatedly stress human-centric approaches, human rights, trustworthiness, transparency and accountability as core governance values [S113] and [S90].

2

The framing matches recurring AI governance principles in the knowledge base, especially the emphasis on trustworthiness, transparency, accountability, explainability and human-centric design in international AI policy discussions [S113] and [S90].

3

The knowledge base supports the underlying policy logic that AI strategies are intended to advance economic prosperity and social well-being, showing that many national strategies frame AI as a tool for improving public outcomes rather than only as a regulatory problem [S90].

4

This aligns with the knowledge base’s description of mainstream AI governance priorities, where trustworthiness, transparency, accountability and human rights protection are repeatedly identified as central to responsible AI governance [S113] and [S90].

5

The knowledge base strongly supports this position. It emphasises that AI governance concerns are ultimately about human responsibility, and warns against delegating consequential decisions to systems without meaningful human control or accountability [S171], [S109] and [S141].

6

The knowledge base corroborates the substance of this claim. It records sustained concern about meaningful human control in military AI contexts and notes support for stronger international rules, including legally binding approaches in AI governance and weapons-related applications [S109], [S171] and [S141].

7

The knowledge base adds that, from 2024, the Council of Europe adopted the first international legally binding treaty in this field: the Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and human rights, democracy and the rule of law. This provides concrete context for claims calling for binding AI rules beyond voluntary principles [S141].

8

The knowledge base situates this within the wider 2023-2024 UN process: the UN Secretary-General convened a High-level Advisory Body on AI in October 2023, it issued an interim report in December 2023, and draft recommendations were expected in summer 2024, with a Geneva presentation on 28 June 2024 [S160].

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Portugal - IGF national initiative — The national Portugal IGF 2014 was held on 4 June, 2014. More information is available in Portuguese in this report. |full_htmlhttps://dig.watch/wp-content/uploads/IGF-220-x-150_3_0.jpg
3rd Portugal eHealth Summit — The 3rd edition of the Portugal eHealth Summit is co-organised by the Republic of Portugal, the Ministry of Health of Portugal and the Shared Services of Ministry of Health of Portugal. The event will be held on 19-22 Ma...
Web content accessibility guidelines — A.1 Participants of the AG WG in the development of this document: § Jake Abma (Invited Expert) Shadi Abou-Zahra ( W3C ) Chuck Adams (Oracle Corporation) Amani Ali (Nomensa) Jim Allan (Invited Expert) Paul Adam (D...
Bruce Patton — Bruce Patton
Boris Engelson — Boris Engelson Resident Contrarian https://diplo-media.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/2026/02/Gemini_Generated_Image_rx95bsrx95bsrx95.png a:1:{s:64:"wpcf-fields-checkboxes-option-7d18bafb4f85f118cfa75ad6dae51bae-1";a:1:{i...
The 80th session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA 80) - Day 1 — Let us acknowledge here that religion remains a primary factor in defining the identities of human groups. In the name of religion, countries are at war with one another. In the name of religion, many countries have impl...
Diplomatic Academy for International Relations, Lebanon — Academia and Think Tanks RHR3+R5X, Baabda, Lebanon
(1st meeting) Reconvened concluding session of the Ad Hoc Committee to Elaborate a Comprehensive International Convention on Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technologies for Criminal Purposes — The representative expressed appreciation for the Consistency Group's members and the Secretariat, with special commendation directed towards the editors and translators whose critical contributions have ensured that the...
Luxembourg Internet Days — Luxembourg Internet Days gathers ICT professionals and gives them a chance to learn and share experiences on two topics with trendsetters and sector experts. Designed around keynote speeches and interactive discussions a...
Luxembourg — The University of Luxembourg, through its Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability, and Trust (SnT), conducts cutting-edge research in AI, cybersecurity, and data science, offering specialized programs and fost...
Artificial Intelligence: A strategic vision for Luxembourg — The strategic vision for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Luxembourg is comprehensive and multifaceted, aimed at leveraging AI to enhance various aspects of society and the economy. The strategic vision for AI in Luxembou...
The 80th session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA 80) - Day 5 — It is now well known that peace was finally achieved through the win win policy of Saint Dac de Chao Ensign that ended thirty years of conflict without a single bullet being fired. We remain forever grateful to the many ...
Jenny Pearson — Ms Jenny Pearson has lived and worked in Cambodia since 1995. She has qualifications in social work and management and worked in the public sector in England before going to Cambodia. She founded and directed VBNK, Cambo...
LDCs Participation in Digital Economy Accords and E-commerce Provisions in FTA (Cambodia) — The effectiveness of non-binding frameworks and provisions on digital trade was also emphasized. According to econometric analysis, these non-binding measures have been shown to positively influence trade engagement.This...
The 80th session of the UN General Assembly (UNGA 80) - Day 3 — I thank you. ##The president of the general assembly: [03:12:05] I thank the deputy prime minister and minister for foreign affairs, environment, culture of the Principality Of Liechtenstein.We have heard the last spea...
(Day 2) General Debate - General Assembly, 79th session: morning session — Madam President, ladies and gentlemen, Libya has suffered for over more than a decade from successive transitional periods tainted with unjustified conflicts in walls among brothers. They were fueled by foreign interfe...
Keeping AI in check — A ten-step guide published by CoE starts with the need to conduct a human rights impact assessment on AI systems. Technology is a social product, and as such, it integrates values that orientate the way it operates, ev...
AI Governance Dialogue: Presidential address — We prove that it's possible to protect privacy and foster a secure digital environment where human rights are respected. These results have been achieved through experiences and having the courage to test and develop sol...
AI diplomacy — Privacy and data protection are particularly pertinent, given that AI systems often require massive datasets, which can include sensitive personal information. It is crucial that developers embed privacy guarantees and d...
Inclusive AI governance: Universal values in a pluralistic world — These values can inform governance models that prioritise relational accountability, ethical cultivation, and social cohesion, offering alternatives to transactional, compliance-driven frameworks.This is why I dare here ...
From summer disillusionment to autumn clarity: Ten lessons for AI — Many argue we should place emphasis on what makes us human: critical thinking, creativity, ethics, the ability to formulate original questions and to judge the outputs of AI. The role of a teacher will shift from info...
Estonia introduces AI Leap programme for education — Estonia has launched a new initiative aimed at preparing students and teachers for the age of AI. The 'AI Leap' programme will provide access to popular AI chatbots, including an educational version of ChatGPT, to help b...
AI supremacy: One, two, three, go! — Legend has it that in the 13th century Dominican friar Albertus Magnus built an artificial ‘brazen head’ that could talk and answer any question asked. According to story, his student, philosopher Thomas Aquinas, eventua...
The Overlooked Peril: Cyber failures amidst AI hype — Implementing existing and introducing new policies and legal instruments While technical protections are crucial, they alone are insufficient to address the complex landscape of cyber risks. The vulnerability of digita...
A Global Human Rights Approach to Responsible AI Governance | IGF 2023 WS #288 — So there's a sense of overwhelming necessity and inability, which is a difficulty in itself. Now, also in the global context, I think Latin America and global majority perspectives are often overlooked and disregarded in...
The Future of the Internet — The matters pertaining to the Internet and its ‘governance’ are broad and varied, and include aspects such as human rights, cybersecurity, infrastructure and connectivity, and skills learning, among others. Human rights ...
What’s new with cybersecurity negotiations? The informal OEWG consultations on capacity building — Additionally, El Salvador put forward a statement on AI as emerging and potential threat, aligning its development with government frameworks to ensure AI safety. They emphasised the importance of implementing regulation...
AI in Action: When technology serves humanity — The technology is explicitly designed to help those in greatest need first, under human oversight and accountability. AI does not decide who is worthy; it accelerates the process of learning where human help is most urge...
El Salvador partners with xAI on nationwide AI education plan — Elon Musk's AI company xAI has signed a two-year partnership with the government of El Salvador to roll out what officials describe as the world's first nationwide AI-powered education programme. Announced by President...
Shaping AI to ensure Respect for Human Rights and Democracy | IGF 2023 Day 0 Event #51 — In summary, it's crucial to incorporate democratic decision-making processes into AI operations.This could involve making visible the trade-offs in AI, which would allow for a more informed and inclusive decision-making ...
AI promises, ethics, and human rights: Time to open Pandora’s box — In 2021, I participated in the Artificial Intelligence online course offered by Diplo. In one of our online sessions, a passionate debate flared on the topic of the day: AI’s ethical and human rights implications. The di...
A Global Digital Compact - an Open, Free and Secure Digital Future for All | Our Common Agenda Policy Brief 5  — The Compact would be initiated and led by Member States with full participation of other stakeholders. Implementation would be open to all relevant stakeholders, including digital platforms, private sector actors, digita...
Human rights — Clear frameworks for accountability and oversight are necessary to address issues arising from AI's use. 5. Legal and Regulatory Frameworks: Guidelines and Regulations: Strong rules and guidelines are needed for develop...
Glion Human Rights Dialogue and Digitalisation — Glion, Switzerland You can find more information on five points mentioned during Jovan Kurbalija's keynote address at the Glion’s human rights dialogue. 1. Bottom-up AI Bottom-up AI challenges the dominant view that...
Stronger digital voices from Africa: Building African digital foreign policy and diplomacy — African countries joined other developing nations in the Group of 77 in putting forward a proposal for a UN resolution (adopted in December 2021), which ‘recognises the importance of the consideration of international ta...
Africa's participation in international processes related to AI — UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI In November 2021, member states of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted a Recommendation on the Ethics of AI outlining a series of values, ...
Artificial intelligence in Africa: Continental policies and initiatives — Artificial intelligence (AI) is making it on the agenda of regional processes across the African continent. In 2019, African Union (AU) country ministers in charge of ICT called for the establishment of a working group t...
AI and international peace and security: Key issues and relevance for Geneva — Roles of UN Fora and Treaty Bodies Facilitating Multilateral Dialogues: Establishing Normative Frameworks: Enhancing Capacity-Building Initiatives: Promoting Complementarity Among Processes: Addressing Transbo...
Opening address of the co-chairs of the AI Governance Dialogue — Importantly, 76% from developing countries here Major discussion point Global participation and representation Topics Development | Legal and regulatory Responsible AI frameworks need to be developed collaborat...
AI Governance: Ensuring equity and accountability in the digital economy (UNCTAD) — To illustrate their point, they use the analogy of fusion cuisine, highlighting the need for careful blending of different solutions to ensure coherence and effectiveness. However, another speaker urges caution when in...
Artificial intelligence: policy implications — It also calls for the development of standards for the concepts of privacy by design, privacy by default, informed consent, and encryption in AI systems. Ethics As AI systems involve judgements and decision-making - repl...
AI and the Roadmap for Digital Cooperation — Second, values that should guide the development and application of AI were touched upon in almost all interventions. Mr Max Tegmark (President, Future of Life Institute) expressed a key concern, shared by many, when he ...
Artificial Intelligence & Emerging Tech — The argument made is that involving all stakeholders in collaborative discussions allows for the sharing of ideas and the formulation of consensus policies.Preserving and leveraging the internet and digital ecosystem as ...
Navigating the interplay between artificial intelligence, philosophy, education, and governance — Overview The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) presents profound philosophical, educational, and governance challenges and opportunities for the global community. To address these dimensions, we organis...
The year of AI clarity: 10 AI Forecasts for 2025 — China: China has implemented strict regulations requiring platforms to label AI-generated content, especially deepfakes, and to obtain consent from individuals before using their likenesses. Which practices do social ...
Inclusive AI governance: Universal values in a pluralistic world — These values can inform governance models that prioritise relational accountability, ethical cultivation, and social cohesion, offering alternatives to transactional, compliance-driven frameworks.This is why I dare here ...
Foster AI accessibility for building inclusive knowledge Societies: a multi-stakeholder reflection on WSIS+20 review — There is the whole level of issues about democratic participation in digital decision-making. There is lots to be said about how we promote human-centric design to different systems and services, but there's lots to be d...
AI and the Roadmap for Digital Cooperation — Second, values that should guide the development and application of AI were touched upon in almost all interventions. Mr Max Tegmark (President, Future of Life Institute) expressed a key concern, shared by many, when he ...
Diplomatic policy analysis — Overdependence on algorithms without critical human oversight can lead to biased or incomplete conclusions, particularly in complex, nuanced scenarios. Digital divides: Not all countries have equal access to advanced an...
AI@UN: Navigating the tightrope between innovation and impartiality — The UN faces various risks, from funding shortages to geopolitical deadlock in the Security Council. AI introduces new risks, challenging the UN's ideal of impartiality and potentially altering its operational approach. ...
The New Delhi AI Summit: Inclusive rhetoric, fractured reality — This is not surprising. On the one hand, the US instructed its diplomats to fight against digital sovereignty (and data sovereignty) initiatives in capitals around the world. On the other hand, India focused on attractin...
The geopolitics of digital standards: China's role in standard-setting organisations — If a certain standard is developed within one organisation, any changes to that standard should ideally be discussed with the same organisation. And if another organisation wishes to take up related work (e.g. extend the...
DC-CIV & DC-NN: From Internet Openness to AI Openness — So, before I go into detail about the interoperability, I think there's two things, two principles worth paying special attention to, because when I look at the question, you talk about permissive innovation versus pre...
Unlocking the internet: Stakeholder perspectives of interoperability — The session, which was co-moderated by Mr Astor Nummelin Carlberg (Policy Director, OpenForum Europe) and Mr Vittorio Bertola (Head of Policy Innovation, Open-Xchange), explored the topic of interoperability from the per...
Four seasons of AI:  From excitement to clarity in the first year of ChatGPT — How to address AI risks There are three main types of AI risks that should shape AI regulations: the immediate and short-term ‘known knowns’ the looming and mid-term ‘known unknowns’ and the long-term yet dis...
Review of AI and digital developments in 2024 — Existing risks are more specific and concrete affecting jobs, education, and media, among others. Exclusion risks are becoming more visible as big AI platforms conetralise and mnopolise AI-generated knowledge. Data prote...
AI diplomacy — Privacy and data protection are particularly pertinent, given that AI systems often require massive datasets, which can include sensitive personal information. It is crucial that developers embed privacy guarantees and d...
WS #462 Bridging the Compute Divide a Global Alliance for AI — Instead, addressing the compute divide requires both expanding overall global capacity and ensuring more equitable distribution of resources.

Barriers to Equitable Access #

Infrastructure and Investment Challeng...

Stronger digital voices from Africa: Building African digital foreign policy and diplomacy — African countries joined other developing nations in the Group of 77 in putting forward a proposal for a UN resolution (adopted in December 2021), which ‘recognises the importance of the consideration of international ta...
Governing AI for Humanity | Final Rapport — Enhancing the capacity of women in tech needs to be focused on closing the existing gender gap, on the one hand, and avoiding the gender gap in AI, on the other hand. The AI sector also needs more women in leadership pos...
Artificial intelligence: policy implications — robots): should they be regarded as natural persons, legal persons, animals or objects, or should a new category be created? International cooperation As the US reports note, the policy implications of AI have also attra...
Artificial Intelligence & Emerging Tech — The argument made is that involving all stakeholders in collaborative discussions allows for the sharing of ideas and the formulation of consensus policies.Preserving and leveraging the internet and digital ecosystem as ...
From summer disillusionment to autumn clarity: Ten lessons for AI — One example is the push to develop domestic GPU chips after US sanctions. China is in catch-up and bypass mode – using whatever it takes (including open-source innovations like DeepSeek and large state R&D programmes) to...
15 reasons to govern AI with 17 SDGs — The SDGs are pro-development. There are major concerns that AI will trigger new and deeper digital divides for countries that do not have the means to participate in the AI race, which means most countries except the USA...
Is it the future yet? — These range across all 17 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and could potentially help hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Real-life examples show AI already being applied to some degree in about ...
(AU) Continental Artificial Intelligence Strategy — However, the actual effects of AI on employment and socio-cultural well-being are not well understood in the African context. It is crucial to balance leveraging AI's benefits for economic development and social progr...
Evolving AI, evolving governance: from principles to action | IGF 2023 WS #196 — This communication should adhere to competition rules and intellectual property regulations, avoiding any violations. By accounting for shared responsibility, the legal framework can ensure ethical and responsible AI gov...
Do we really need specialised AI regulation? — Most likely not. Many existing laws are applicable to AI as well. This text aims to spark debate and bring greater clarity to society’s response to AI. Before enacting new AI laws, we must first ask whether current legal...
Ethics and AI | Part 5 — No man is above the law, so why should AI be? The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and human rights, democracy, and the rule of law Since 2024, the international community can be satisfied that there i...
Human rights — Clear frameworks for accountability and oversight are necessary to address issues arising from AI's use. 5. Legal and Regulatory Frameworks: Guidelines and Regulations: Strong rules and guidelines are needed for develop...
AI diplomacy — Privacy and data protection are particularly pertinent, given that AI systems often require massive datasets, which can include sensitive personal information. It is crucial that developers embed privacy guarantees and d...
Ethics and AI | Part 5 — No man is above the law, so why should AI be? The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and human rights, democracy, and the rule of law Since 2024, the international community can be satisfied that there i...
Glion Human Rights Dialogue and Digitalisation — Glion, Switzerland You can find more information on five points mentioned during Jovan Kurbalija's keynote address at the Glion’s human rights dialogue. 1. Bottom-up AI Bottom-up AI challenges the dominant view that...
Africa's participation in international processes related to AI — UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI In November 2021, member states of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted a Recommendation on the Ethics of AI outlining a series of values, ...
From summer disillusionment to autumn clarity: Ten lessons for AI — One example is the push to develop domestic GPU chips after US sanctions. China is in catch-up and bypass mode – using whatever it takes (including open-source innovations like DeepSeek and large state R&D programmes) to...
Artificial intelligence in Africa: National strategies and initiatives — In Nigeria, a National Centre for AI and Robotics (NCAIR) – established under the National Information Technology Development Agency – works to promote R&D in AI, robotics, drones, and related technologies and create ‘a ...
WS #462 Bridging the Compute Divide a Global Alliance for AI — Preuves In the US, private companies make most compute infrastructure investments; Latin American governments lack resources for large infrastructure investments; creates a reinforcing cycle limiting regional AI devel...
AI and international peace and security: Key issues and relevance for Geneva — Furthermore, these actors can engage in research and capacity-building initiatives that promote understanding of AI technologies and their potential risks, fostering informed public discourse and encouraging accountabili...
Internet Governance Forum 2025 — I don't think that every single nation can make up some kind of framework that will protect people from any kind of risk. We have to find international regulations." This sentiment was echoed in the Open Forum on Shaping...
Open Forum #33 Building an International AI Cooperation Ecosystem — He suggests that SDGs represent the most comprehensive codification of core human values agreed by all UN member states and should be used to create AI systems that implement each SDG. Preuves Notes that with automa...
Keeping AI in check — A ten-step guide published by CoE starts with the need to conduct a human rights impact assessment on AI systems. Technology is a social product, and as such, it integrates values that orientate the way it operates, ev...
AI Governance: Ensuring equity and accountability in the digital economy (UNCTAD) — To illustrate their point, they use the analogy of fusion cuisine, highlighting the need for careful blending of different solutions to ensure coherence and effectiveness. However, another speaker urges caution when in...
Inclusive AI governance: Universal values in a pluralistic world — These values can inform governance models that prioritise relational accountability, ethical cultivation, and social cohesion, offering alternatives to transactional, compliance-driven frameworks.This is why I dare here ...
AI and the Roadmap for Digital Cooperation — Second, values that should guide the development and application of AI were touched upon in almost all interventions. Mr Max Tegmark (President, Future of Life Institute) expressed a key concern, shared by many, when he ...
Artificial Intelligence & Emerging Tech — The argument made is that involving all stakeholders in collaborative discussions allows for the sharing of ideas and the formulation of consensus policies.Preserving and leveraging the internet and digital ecosystem as ...
Navigating the interplay between artificial intelligence, philosophy, education, and governance — Overview The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) presents profound philosophical, educational, and governance challenges and opportunities for the global community. To address these dimensions, we organis...
AI for Good Global Summit — And then we need to be the silence change agent, right? Maybe we have to say it, but do it more, right? I think that's gonna be an interesting time. We'll repeat it as in Haiti, Haitian Creole, which is not a standard la...
Governing AI for Humanity: Recommendations from the UNSG’s High-level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelligence — In October 2023, the UN Secretary-General convened a multistakeholder High-level Advisory Body on Artificial Intelligence to undertake analysis and advance recommendations for the international governance of AI. Followin...
From digital independence to digital interdependence — We suggest an initial goal of marking the UN's 75th anniversary in 2020 with a “Global Commitment for Digital Cooperation” to enshrine shared values, principles, understandings and objectives for an improved global digit...
Workshop on AI for the UN Development Coordination Office — This is a page with background information for the workshop delivered by Dr Jovan Kurbalija for the UN Development Coordination Office (2nd July 2026). At the beginning of the session, he created in a few minutes an AI a...
[HOW-TO] The 8 rules of conduct for online meetings — The online world has some unwritten but recommended rules of (good) behaviour. Keep them in mind when you're attending an online meeting or event.  1. Become familiar with the platform You're well-prepared for y...
Opening of the session — Contentious topics, including the applicability of international humanitarian law on which there is a clear disagreement, should be removed altogether, precisely in the interest of building consensus. At this stage, we a...
Agenda item 5: discussions on substantive issues contained inparagraph 1 of General Assembly resolution 75/240 (continued)/part 3 — We cannot accept putting in question the implementation of that framework. Second, we want to have a space for policy-oriented, cross-cutting discussions in the DTGs. This has already been agreed in the 2024 APR. These c...
Generation Y sets its rules of good behaviour — o Disagreements should be aired in a respectful manner: it is often good to disagree; it is rarely productive to be disagreeable. o Disagreements, where they are to be aired, should focus on differences of opinion...
Agenda item 5: discussions on substantive issues contained inparagraph 1 of General Assembly resolution 75/240 (continued)/ part 6 — And so you have the option of submitting any written statement, individually or as a group, three weeks after the meeting today, and the Secretariat will compile all statements in explanations of position on the adoption...
When is an ambassador not an ambassador? — Geza Jeszenszky, Hungary’s ambassador to Norway, has ticked off about 100 University teachers, students and researchers with text he used in a university text book which they think ‘stigmatises’ the Roma minority. The te...
[WebDebate] How COVID-19 is changing diplomatic practice — [Update] The recording of this WebDebate is now available. [embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6IJoTdlDKFg[/embedyt] Since March 2020, the image of diplomats and heads of state and government at virtual meetings ...
[WebDebate #44 summary] Diplomacy in times of COVID-19: The experience of developing countries — It will be important to learn to live with this uncertainty and adapt to the new normal. Muñoz suggested that trust and confidence-building need to be at the centre. While adapting to the new ways of working, it is cruci...
Will algorithms make safe decisions in foreign affairs? — Who makes the decisions was not separated from who bears the responsibility for the geopolitical tension at that time. In September 1983, the world was at the precipice of a nuclear war because of false alarms from a Sov...
GEO-politics/economics/emotions in the AI era — At the heart of this triad lies a historic shift: the ascendance of tech companies as geopolitical actors wielding a combination of economic, social, and political influence unmatched by any corporate entity in history. ...
African priorities for the Global Digital Compact — ⏰ 16:00–17:30 EAT / 15:00–16:30 CEST / 13:00-14:30 UTC In 2022 the idea of a Global Digital Compact was floated by the UN with the intention of developing shared principles for a secure digital future – a future in whi...
Havana G77 Declaration on current development challenges: The role of science, technology, and innovation — We urge the creation of the necessary conditions to provide developing countries with affordable and reliable connectivity, aimed, inter alia, at promoting digital access and inclusion, including for people in remote and...
(3rd meeting) Global Digital Compact - Informal Consultations — The speaker announces plans to offer an exhaustive assessment of the draft's content, delving into critical aspects such as narrowing digital divides, fostering meaningful connectivity, enhancing digital literacy, advanc...

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